CN109452474A - A kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR and preparation method based on microbial straw - Google Patents
A kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR and preparation method based on microbial straw Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR and preparation method based on microbial straw, belongs to Animal Science field of feed processing.Local straw resource is made full use of, is made in field by adding lactic acid bacteria and is wrapped up in packet microbial straw and saved.Then according to the nutritional need of lamb fattening, crushing of unpacking is carried out to microbial straw in TMR processing factory, cooperated with other feedstuffs, add composite bacteria agent, packet fermentation is wrapped up in by secondary, two-stage lamb fattening fermented total mixed ration is made, meets bis- stage body weight increases of 15-30kg, 31-45kg in fattening period respectively, realize the Fattening Sheep the factorial production under the conditions of rural areas of south China, Forage Germplasm Resources lack.With the application of the invention, the miscellaneous fattening of goats phase average daily gain of wave can reach 190g/d or more, daily ration direct cost is calculated by current market price is lower than 1.5 yuan.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention is a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR (fermented total mixed ration) and preparation method based on microbial straw, is belonged to
Animal Science field of feed processing is suitable for the intensive full drylot feeding production of mutton sheep.
Two, technical background
China is a stalk big producer, and in nearly 800,000,000 tons of quantum of output of stalk year, resource owning amount occupies first place in the world.But
In addition to 30% is used as fuel, 25% is used as feed, and 6%-7% direct returning to farmland, 2%~3% is used as other than industrial production raw material, also
There is 35% about 2.6 hundred million ton of remaining stalk not utilized rationally.Whenever summer and autumn gather in season, crop straw burning not only becomes rural area
The bottleneck problem of environmental protection, or even an important factor for as urban environment is brought disaster to.Local governments at all levels all compare attention stalk
Prohibit and burn work, adopts a series of measures to grab taboo burning, while actively promoting the comprehensive utilization of stalk, achieve certain effect, still
The phenomenon that crop straw burning, still remains, and situation still allows of no optimist.And at abroad, some developed countries early in the mid-80,
Agricultural crop straw is just had been realized in the comprehensive utilization of conglomerate.The research of the comprehensive application technology of agricultural crop straw at present is
Level with higher, the extensive use of these technologies are all built upon on the basis of industrialization and commodity economy.Such as Germany,
(including agricultural crop straw) is that system engineering technology is taken to be subject to development and application in terms of agricultural wastes comprehensive development and utilization,
Multi-crossed disciplines technology has been applied to develop and utilize agricultural crop straw, exploitation and composition goes out commercial feed, forms including mentioning
High straw feed nutritional ingredient improves animal feed intake, the technical systems such as improve food conversion ratio.A few days ago, Germany's production stalk
The technology of pellet can change stalk basic structure completely, so that the digestibility of animal edible straw feed be made to improve
30%-50%.For another example South Korea, before 20 years, the fodder that government begins to pay attention to agricultural straw resource is utilized, by government
First " cellulosic feed workshop " is built in investment, and the exploitation for continuously supporting rice microbial to utilize in the form of national project is ground
Study carefully, achieves breakthrough.The mechanization for having realized rice and kernel harvesting, straw collecting, having fermented, wrapping up in the links such as packet,
The collection efficiency for improving stalk has adapted to crops for rotation time summer, has reduced cost of labor." Korea Spro ox " is considered as " state by South Korea
It is precious ", beef price also than from beauty plus, the common beef price of Ao Deng state import it is high.By Korea Spro ox of rice and kernel daily ration intensive culture,
It has been fed with the roughage of very big specific gravity in growth course, and experienced longer growing and fattening period (22 months), so that Korea Spro
Not only quality is guaranteed for ox, but also meat taste is more preferable.
How to allow stalk effectively " to be turned waste into wealth " and has become whole society's focus of attention problem.It proposed in recent years
Some new technologies using stalk, such as straw-returning, biogas gas, straw power generation, stalk block do fuel, are actually answering
With when promoting, there is also the problems such as low efficiency, deficiency in economic performance, input and output are uneconomical, such as: Mechanized Straw returning to the field
Most direct method, but a large amount of direct returning to farmland of stalk are unrealistic, also It is not necessary to.Because accounting for the stalk root of stalk total amount 15%
Stubble returning to the field, that is, can reach the balance of the soil organism, require stalk whole returning to the field not scientific simply；And use it to power generation, then
It is extremely limited using radius due to energy density is low, transportation cost is big etc.；It is difficult clear also to face methane-generating pit for biogas gas
A series of problems, such as reason, winter gas source effect is poor.And utilized by straw feed, abdomen returning to the field is crossed, is to solve waste straw pair
The not only economic but also efficient approach of environmental hazard and rural areas of south China cattle and sheep roughage critical shortage problem.
So-called TMR (Total Mixed Ration) is fully mixed diet, exactly according to ruminant (ox, sheep etc.)
Nutritional need obtains the adequate diet of nutrient balance rubbing broken coarse fodder, fine fodder and various additives and being sufficiently mixed.
TMR technology originates in the 1950s, being initially the well-designed adequate diet of milk cow by U.S. scientific and technical personnel for free-ranging.
The great attention for gradually causing countries in the world later, starts extensively in states such as the dairy developed countries such as U.S., Israel first
Using then the states such as Canada, Japan are arrived in rapid development.Through a large amount of scientific experimentation and raising it was verified that TMR technology has
Advantage following prominent: 1. can adapt in scale, intensive manufacture, feeding management saving of labor, time saving；2. can efficiently use
The roughages such as industrial or agricultural byproduct, forage grass and ensiling guarantee concentrate-roughage ratio, avoid feed waste and cud as caused by particular about food
Dysfunction；3. regulating and controlling theory and technology convenient for application system to optimize feed formula, the something lost of ruminant growth is given full play to
Pass potentiality.
In the 1990s, TMR technology starts to be applied to China cattle farm, the large and medium-sized cattle farm in various regions uses substantially, and
Achieve preferable effect.But in terms of mutton sheep, research relevant to TMR is started late with application.Currently, most medium and small
The daily ration composition of type Yang Chang, mutton sheep remain in " stalk+cereal " this binary feed structure, and feed mode still generallys use essence
The method that feeding is opened in rough segmentation.And this method has not adapted to modern mutton sheep scale, the requirement of intensive manufacture.It is mainly asked
Topic is: the feed of the suitable and stable concentrate-roughage ratio of feeding is difficult to ensure, simultaneously because having upset the digested metabolism of cud
Dynamic equilibrium, thus coarse-fibred digestibility is reduced, cause mutton sheep production performance to be affected.And TMR technology is applied, very
The above problem can be overcome in big degree.But there is also some problems in actual application by TMR, especially for guarantee day
It the mixture homogeneity of grain and prevents animal particular about food, generally requires to add moisture in whipping process that (feed water content usually controls
In 40%-50%), so that it is mildew and rot rotten to be easy TMR, the loss of feed nutrition substance is caused even to cause Animal diseases.And
Middle and small scale Yang Chang even dispersion raising is in China by long-term existence, and mechanical equipment acquisition expenses needed for TMR feed making is also
It is that the fully mixed diet that far can not be undertaken, and produce cannot deposit long, occurs within 24 hours to go bad, peasant household exists to TMR daily ration
It is unable to reach in many cases.
FTMR (Fermented Total Mixed Ration) be by fully mixed diet under sealed conditions, pass through ferment
The beneficial microbes such as female bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus fermentation, by be unfavorable in feed animal digestion absorption some macromoleculars and
Anti-nutrient substance Degradation and Transformation forms a kind of biological feedstuff rich in high-activity probiotics and nutrient substance.Japan is 20
Take the lead in developing fermentation TMR technology the nineties in century, the technology the research of the milk industries developed countries such as Europe, the U.S. and Japan compared with
It is more.Studies have shown that FTMR has preferable palatability, the nutritional ingredient in TMR can be effectively kept；In addition to this, also have
There is stronger aerobic stability, effectively prevents the putrid and deteriorated of feed.FTMR is not only high-quality greenfeed and unconventional water resources money
The preservation in source and using providing effective method and approach, and feed waste can be reduced and excessive nitrogen, phosphorus discharge cause
Environmental pollution, have huge ecological benefits, compare general T MR, FTMR diet nutrient protect and transport in terms of have very
Big advantage, and FTMR can significantly improve the production performance and efficiency of feed utilization of ruminant, dramatically increase farm's (agriculture
Family) economic benefit.Fermentation TMR not only has the advantages of TMR, while also being completed because of processing link by factory, so as to avoid
The great number of TMR mixing apparatus is put into.In addition, TMR undergoes microbial fermentation, palatability, digestibility, absorptivity and nutritive value
All it is significantly improved.Therefore, the present invention is secondary by addition composite bacteria agent on the basis of microbial straw TMR early period is developed
Packet fermentation is wrapped up in, the fermentation TMR of two fattening stages of suitable lamb is made, to meet lamb standardization, intensive fattening produces
It needs.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem
The present invention provides a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR (fermented total mixed ration) and preparation method based on microbial straw, can
It is to solve waste straw to environmental hazard and rural areas of south China cattle and sheep roughage critical shortage to allow stalk effectively " to turn waste into wealth "
The not only economic but also efficient approach of problem, can significantly improve the production performance and efficiency of feed utilization of ruminant, dramatically increase
Farm (peasant household) economic benefit.
Technical solution
Choosing microbial straw, soybean residue, corn flour, Cottonseed Meal, palm kernel meal, molasses etc. is fermentation raw material, according to NY/
T816-2004-China's lamb fattening nutritional requirements (daily gain 200g as expected), to raw material sources, cost and nutritional ingredient
Three factors have carried out system optimization, form the TMR formula of two individual weight growth phase of lamb fattening phase, then add yeast
Bacterium, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus carry out fermentation and FTMR are made.
A kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw of the present invention, including meet 15- in the lamb fattening phase
Bis- individual weight stage of 30kg, 31-45kg, the balanced nutritious supply other than drinking-water, it is characterised in that:
1) it is used for the mass ratio of 15-30kg weight stage daily ration:
Corn 8%-11%, molasses 0.5%-1.5%, Cottonseed Meal 8%-10%, palm kernel meal 6%-9%, fresh bean curd slag
9%-11%, microbial straw 55%-65%, premix 1.5%-2.0%.
2) it is used for the mass ratio of 31-45kg weight stage daily ration:
Corn 8%-11%, molasses 0.5%-1.5%, Cottonseed Meal 9%-12%, palm kernel meal 7%-10%, fresh bean curd slag
11%-14%, microbial straw 45%-60%, premix 1.5%-2.0%.
A kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw, it is characterised in that:
Premix: main component and mass ratio are as follows: attapulgite 70%-80%, salt 8%-10%, compounded amino
Sour 2%-3%, multi-vitamins 1%-2%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8%-10%, coban 0.1%-0.3%.
A kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep fermented total mixed ration based on microbial straw, primary raw material nutritional ingredient feature
It is:
Microbial straw: dry matter content 45%-55%, crude protein 4%-7%, crude fibre 30%-40%, crude fat 1%-
2%, ash content < 15%；
Fresh bean curd slag: dry matter content 15%-25%, crude protein 10%-15%, crude fibre 20%-25%, crude fat
1%-2%, calcium 0.4%-0.7%, phosphorus 0.2%-0.4%.
A kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw, it is characterised in that: in the daily ration in mass ratio:
40% < moisture < 50%, 13% < crude protein < 16%, 20% < crude fibre < 25%, 0.7% < calcium < 0.8%, 0.3% < phosphorus <
0.4%.
A kind of preparation method of the agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw, it is characterised in that:
1) processing method of microbial straw: rice is in full ripe stage and has 1/3 blade to be gathered in when leafiness, and harvester adds
Straw shredding mechanism is filled, cutter interval is adjusted, 1/3 or so of the whole strain length of broken careless length for shedding chopping, chopping
Straw dry in the air 24 hours in field after, put together with rake, then carry out bundling with stalk wrapping machine and wrap up in packet, bundling it is same
When spray into lactobacillus plantarum, the coating number of plies is 5-6 layers.Packet microbial straw of wrapping up in after production is transported to the vertical stacking preservation 15 of processing factory
More than it.
2) premix processing method: first weighing stick soil according to formula rate as diffusant, after premixing machine is added, with stirring
It mixes, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, compound amino acid, multi-vitamins, salt was added thereto successively at interval of 2-3 minutes, are finally stirred for
8-10 minutes.
3) processing method of fine fodder mixture: and then mixed according to formula rate, the charging sequence raw material big with proportional quantity
First plus, measure it is few rear plus；Specific gravity is small first to be added, plus, incorporation time is 10 minutes after heavy, and fine fodder mixing packs after the completion
It is spare.
4) processing method of fermented total mixed ration:
Step 1: corn is spare with conventional method crushing pack, and the hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate of pulverizer is 2-3 millimeters.
Step 2: microbial straw being unpacked and puts into TMR crushing stirring integration machine, and grinding time is 30-40 minutes, straw
Crushing length is 2.5 centimetres -3.5 centimetres.
Step 3: weighing each raw material by formula rate, by all raw materials be sequentially added into TMR crushing stirring integration machine into
Row mixing, while uniformly mixing to mix and composite fermentation microbial inoculum is added, the sequencing of raw material addition are as follows: corn flour, Cottonseed Meal, palm
The dregs of rice, raw bean dregs, premix, molasses, mixing 5-10 minutes after the completion of charging；
Step 4: it the TMR mixed is sent to bundling wraps up in packet all-in-one machine and carries out bundling and wrap up in packet, the coating number of plies is 5-6 layers；
Step 5: will be made wrap up in packet TMR be transported to warehouse for finished product, in order of dates piled up, stick date of manufacture labeling, code
The number of plies is put no more than 2 layers, wrap up in packet TMR can be used at warehouse for finished product storage fermentation time 14 days or more.
A kind of preparation method of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw, it is characterised in that: the composite fermentation
Microbial inoculum be that lactic acid bacteria SKL-2385, saccharomycete SKL-2388, bacillus subtilis SKL-0063 are mixed according to 2:2:1,
Composite bacteria agent is mixed with diluent corn flour by 1:100 when use, is stirred evenly, then presses 1 with mixed raw material again:
1000 be mixed and stirred for uniformly.
Beneficial effect
1, the lamb fattening FTMR is according to the nutritional need in lamb fattening each stage, is main thick with microbial straw
Feed, matching concentrate and premix are adequately mixed and obtain the adequate diet of nutrient balance, then pass through microbial fermentation, system
At FTMR, it ensure that the concentrate-roughage ratio of daily ration, avoid the feed waste as caused by particular about food and function of rumen disorder, Neng Gouchong
The genetic potential of lamb growth is waved in distribution.
2, the lamb fattening FTMR, generates during the fermentation and to accumulate a large amount of microorganism fungus kind full of nutrition thin
Born of the same parents and to metabolites such as the beneficial amino acid of body, organic acid, vitamin, the microelement of activation, special glucides, and
Become perfumed feed, nutrition increases, to change the physicochemical properties of feed, improves its palatability, digestibility, absorptivity
And nutritive value.The process of fermentation is also degraded mycotoxin that may be present in feedstuff, is reduced antibiotic etc class and is added
The use for adding agent improves the fattening lamb general level of the health, to improve the safety of mutton product.
3, the lamb fattening FTMR, since raw material sources are abundant, processing technology is simple and low production cost, is conducive to
On a large scale, merchandized handling.After Fattening Sheep production can not limited by natural feed, Forage Germplasm Resources condition, it can be according to city
Field demand adjusts the production scale of Fattening Sheep in time.Simultaneously as a kind of daily ration is used only in a fattening stage, can meet
The nutritive index that body weight increase needs, production procedure is also more simplified and scientific, and fattening effect is reliable, high production efficiency and synthesis
It is at low cost.Two kinds of daily rations respectively correspond two fattening stages, as weight gain provides different trophic level, more scientific conjunction
Reason.
4, with above-mentioned lamb fattening FTMR, the miscellaneous lamb of 4-6 monthly age wave after wean is fattened, average daily gain reaches
190g or more has good fattening effect.Average daily gross income is up to 4.81 yuan, remarkable in economical benefits.
Four, Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: FTMR apparent situation of change
Fig. 2: different composite strain handles the production history of the acetic acid of FTMR, propionic acid, butyric acid
Fig. 3: different composite strain handles NH3- N and lactic acid production situation of change
Fig. 4: Fattening Sheep body weight increase situation of the invention is fed
Five, specific embodiment
(1) raw material preparation
Microbial straw: in Jiangnan agriculture district, rice carries out harvesting threshing when it is leafiness that full ripe stage plant, which has 1/3 blade, takes off
Straw after grain by sunning, bundling, spray bacterium, wrap up in packet ferment making and form, compared compared with dry rice straw, flexibility, palatability are good, disappear
Rate, nutritive value are all significantly improved, and can long-term preservation.According to survey, microbial straw dry matter content 45%-55%, slightly
Albumen 4%-7%, crude fibre 30%-40%, crude fat 1%-2%, ash content < 15%.Jiangnan agriculture district straw yield is big, microbial rice
Effective means large-area applications of the grass as straw feed, thus it is in liberal supply.
Palm kernel meal: for the byproduct after palm kernel shelling oil expression, shape, color are similar to the vegetable seeds dregs of rice, and smell slightly has chalk
Strength taste, have many advantages, such as it is cheap, without anti-nutritional factors, without aflatoxin contamination and anti-oxidant, because of crude protein and thick
Fat content is higher, and the protein feed that can not only be used for ruminant also can be used as energy feed.According to survey, palm kernel meal dry matter content
It is 87.0%, crude protein 16.4%, crude fibre 19.4%, crude fat 7.9%, calcium 0.1%, phosphorus 0.4%, ash content 6.6%.The original
The material place of production is the torrid areas that oil palm is planted extensively, and in recent years, as feedstuff extensively from Southeast Asia import, there are pin in various regions
It sells.
Fresh bean curd slag: the byproduct generated using soybean as Raw material processing bean curd, soya-bean milk or soymilk, fiber rich in,
Protein, fat, isoflavones and vitamin etc. have good nutritive value.According to survey, fresh bean curd slag dry matter content 15%-
25%, crude protein 10%~15%, crude fibre 20%~25%, crude fat 1%~2%, calcium 0.4%~0.7%, phosphorus 0.2%
~0.4%.The raw material has a large amount of supplies in Jiangsu various regions.
Premix: for the finished product of voluntarily formulated, main component and ratio are as follows: attapulgite 70%~80%, food
Salt 8%~10%, beneficial bacterium 2%~3%, multi-vitamins 1%~2%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8%~10%, coban 0.1%
~0.3%.
Other raw materials derive from the common kind in market.
(2) formula design
According to NY/T816-2004-China's lamb fattening nutritional requirements (daily gain 200g as expected), raw material is come
Three source, cost and nutritional ingredient factors have carried out system optimization, form bis- individual weight of lamb fattening phase 15-30kg, 31-45kg
The TMR of growth phase is formulated.
1, the formula for 15-30kg weight stage daily ration:
Corn 9.49%, molasses 0.76%, Cottonseed Meal 9.00%, palm kernel meal 7.79%, fresh bean curd slag 10.7%5, microbial
Straw 60.49%, premix 1.72%.
2, the formula for 31-45kg weight stage daily ration:
Corn 9.60%, molasses 0.76%, Cottonseed Meal 10.66%, palm kernel meal 8.66%, fresh bean curd slag 12.67%, microbial
Straw 55.92%, premix 1.74%.
The main component of premix and mass ratio are as follows in above-mentioned formula: attapulgite 77%, salt 9.2%, compound
Amino acid 2.8%, multi-vitamins 1.8%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 9%, coban 0.2%.
(3) processing method
1, the processing method of microbial straw: rice is in full ripe stage and has 1/3 blade to carry out harvesting threshing when leafiness, gathers in
Machine installs straw shredding mechanism additional, adjusts cutter interval, and 1/3 or so of the whole strain length of broken careless length for shedding chopping,
After the straw of chopping dries in the air 24 hours in field, is put together with rake (CLAAS LINER 27OORC), then wrapped up in stalk
Chartered plane (375 RC of ROLLANT) carries out bundling and wraps up in packet, penetrating lactobacillus plantarum S102 (three instrument biology work of Jiangsu while bundling
Journey Co., Ltd, 100g this product add 80kg water to stir evenly), the coating number of plies is 5-6 layers.Packet microbial straw of wrapping up in after production is transported to
The vertical stacking of processing factory saves 15 days or more.
2, premix processing method: stick soil is first weighed according to formula rate as diffusant, premixing machine (GHJ-180V is added
Type mixing machine, Jiangyin are rich loyal) after, with stirring, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, compound amino acid, compound dimension were given birth to successively at interval of 2-3 minutes
Element, salt are added thereto, and are finally stirred for 8-10 minutes.
3, the processing method of fine fodder mixture: and then mixed according to formula rate, the charging sequence raw material big with proportional quantity
First plus, measure it is few rear plus；Specific gravity is small first to be added, plus, incorporation time is 10 minutes after heavy, and fine fodder mixing packs after the completion
It is spare.
4, the processing method of fermented total mixed ration:
Step 1: corn is spare with conventional method crushing pack, and the hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate of pulverizer is 2-3 millimeters.
Step 2: microbial straw being unpacked and puts into TMR crushing stirring integration machine, and grinding time is 30-40 minutes, straw
Crushing length is 3 centimetres or so.
Step 3: weighing each raw material by formula rate, and all raw materials are sequentially added into TMR crushing stirring integration machine
It is mixed in (9JSG-9 type, Shijiazhuang Xiang Hang agricultural machinery Co., Ltd), while being uniformly blended into composite fermentation microbial inoculum, raw material
The sequencing of addition are as follows: corn flour, Cottonseed Meal, palm kernel meal, raw bean dregs, premix, molasses, 5-10 points of mixing after the completion of charging
Clock.
Step 4: by the TMR mixed be sent to bundling wrap up in packet all-in-one machine (Orkel MP2000) carry out bundling wrap up in packet, packet
Film layer number is 5-6 layers.
Step 5: will be made wrap up in packet TMR be transported to warehouse for finished product, in order of dates piled up, stick date of manufacture labeling, code
The number of plies is put no more than 2 layers, wrap up in packet TMR can be used at warehouse for finished product storage fermentation time 14 days or more.
(4) experimental study
According to the nutritional requirements of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep phase, FTMR formula is devised, and as substrate, has carried out various combination
Strain fermentation test, and carries out the simulation rumen In vitro digestion trial of FTMR, filter out with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus),
Saccharomycete (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Ko subtilis bacterium (Bacillus subtilis) (Da Bei Nong biotechnology
Group) be main bacteria seed FTMR composite bacteria agent (composite bacteria 1), be saccharomycete (SKL-2388, Da Bei Nong biotechnology collection
Group), bacillus subtilis (SKL-0063, Da Bei Nong biotechnology group), lactic acid bacteria (SKL-2385, Da Bei Nong biotechnology
Group), it is mixed according to lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, Ko subtilis bacterium 2:2:1, by composite bacteria agent and diluent (corn when use
Powder) it is mixed by 1:100, it stirs evenly, be then mixed and stirred for uniformly again with mixed raw material by 1:1000, sealed reactor
Put fermentation 2 weeks.Feeding experiment is carried out to the miscellaneous lamb of 4-6 monthly age wave after wean using FTMR is made, it is analyzed and mutton sheep weight is increased
Long effect.
(5) test result
As seen from Figure 1, as fermentation time increases, the apparent color of FTMR is improved, by brown mixed raw material gradually
Variation is golden yellow.
From Figure 2 it can be seen that as fermentation time increases, the acetic acid of FTMR, propionic acid, butyric acid yield be continuously increased, wherein with
Composite bacteria 1 (T1) yield highest is (T2) and single better than composite bacteria 2 (lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, Ko subtilis bacterium 1:2:2)
Lactic acid bacteria (SKL-2385, Da Bei Nong biotechnology group) (L).Thus select composite bacteria 1 as the hair of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR
Yeast-like fungi agent.
NH3- N and lactic acid are the metabolites after fermentation, can be directly absorbed and utilized by cud, metabolite amount gets over multiple-effect
Fruit is all right.As seen from Figure 3, NH3- N and lactic acid production dramatically increase, NH with the extension of fermentation time time3N content is
At 2 days, the 2nd week and the 3rd week, composite bacteria agent 1 (T1) experimental group is significantly higher than other each groups；Lactic acid content is with lactic acid bacteria test group
For highest, (T1) experimental group of composite bacteria 1 is higher than composite bacteria agent 2 (T2) experimental group.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that with the increase of feeding number of days, fattening lamb weight is continuously increased, is increased to by initial 23.06kg
31.83kg increases 10.77kg, and the average daily gain of 45d has reached 194.92g, shows good fattening effect.Fattening
Phase average daily feed intake is 1.74kg, 1.43 yuan of daily ration direct cost, is calculated according to recent 32 yuan/kg of the mutton sheep market price, daily
Gross income is up to 4.81 yuan, remarkable in economical benefits.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw, including meet 15-30kg, 31-45kg bis- in the lamb fattening phase
Weight stage, the balanced nutritious supply other than drinking-water, it is characterised in that:
1) it is used for the mass ratio of 15-30kg weight stage daily ration:
Corn 8%-11%, molasses 0.5%-1.5%, Cottonseed Meal 8%-10%, palm kernel meal 6%-9%, fresh bean curd slag 9%-
11%, microbial straw 55%-65%, premix 1.5%-2.0%；
2) it is used for the mass ratio of 31-45kg weight stage daily ration:
Corn 8%-11%, molasses 0.5%-1.5%, Cottonseed Meal 9%-12%, palm kernel meal 7%-10%, fresh bean curd slag 11%-
14%, microbial straw 45%-60%, premix 1.5%-2.0%.
2. a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Premix: main component and mass ratio are as follows: attapulgite 70%-80%, salt 8%-10%, compound amino acid
2%-3%, multi-vitamins 1%-2%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 8%-10%, coban 0.1%-0.3%.
3. a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep fermented total mixed ration based on microbial straw according to claim 1 or 2, main former
Material nutrient composition characteristics are:
Microbial straw: dry matter content 45%-55%, crude protein 4%-7%, crude fibre 30%-40%, crude fat 1%-2%,
Ash content < 15%；
Fresh bean curd slag: dry matter content 15%-25%, crude protein 10%-15%, crude fibre 20%-25%, crude fat 1%-
2%, calcium 0.4%-0.7%, phosphorus 0.2%-0.4%.
4. a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the day
Contain in mass ratio in grain: 40% < moisture < 50%, 13% < crude protein < 16%, 20% < crude fibre < 25%, 0.7% < calcium <
0.8%, 0.3% < phosphorus < 0.4%.
5. a kind of agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in the daily ration
Contain in mass ratio: 40% < moisture < 50%, 13% < crude protein < 16%, 20% < crude fibre < 25%, 0.7% < calcium < 0.8%,
0.3% < phosphorus < 0.4%.
6. a kind of preparation method of the agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw described in one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that:
1) processing method of microbial straw: rice is in full ripe stage and has 1/3 blade to be gathered in when leafiness, and harvester installs rice additional
Careless shredding mechanism adjusts cutter interval, and the 1/3 of the whole strain length of broken careless length for shedding chopping, the straw of chopping is in field
It after drying in the air 24 hours, is put together with rake, then carries out bundling with stalk wrapping machine and wrap up in packet, bundling while sprays into plant cream
Bacillus, the coating number of plies are 5-6 layer, and the packet microbial straw of wrapping up in after production is transported to processing factory's vertical stacking preservation 15 days or more.
2) premix processing method: first weighing stick soil according to formula rate as diffusant, after premixing machine is added, with stirring,
Calcium monohydrogen phosphate, compound amino acid, multi-vitamins, salt were added thereto successively at interval of 2-3 minutes, are finally stirred for 8-10
Minute；
3) processing method of fine fodder mixture: and then mixed according to formula rate, charging sequence is first added with the big raw material of proportional quantity,
Measure it is few rear plus；Specific gravity is small first to be added, plus, incorporation time is 10 minutes after heavy, and fine fodder mixing packs spare after the completion；
4) processing method of fermented total mixed ration:
Step 1: corn is spare with conventional method crushing pack, and the hole diameter of sieve (perforated) plate of pulverizer is 2-3 millimeters；
Step 2: microbial straw being unpacked and puts into TMR crushing stirring integration machine, and grinding time is 30-40 minutes, the crushing of straw
Length is 2.5 centimetres -3.5 centimetres；
Step 3: each raw material is weighed by formula rate, all raw materials are sequentially added into TMR crushing stirring integration machine and are mixed
Close, at the same uniformly mix mix be added composite fermentation microbial inoculum, raw material addition sequencing are as follows: corn flour, Cottonseed Meal, palm kernel meal,
Raw bean dregs, premix, molasses, mixing 5-10 minutes after the completion of charging；
Step 4: it the TMR mixed is sent to bundling wraps up in packet all-in-one machine and carries out bundling and wrap up in packet, the coating number of plies is 5-6 layers；
Step 5: it will be made and wrap up in packet TMR and be transported to warehouse for finished product, in order of dates piled up, stick date of manufacture labeling, pile up layer
Number is no more than 2 layers, and wrap up in packet TMR can be used at warehouse for finished product storage fermentation time 14 days or more.
7. a kind of preparation method of the agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating composite fermentation microbial inoculum to be is lactic acid bacteria SKL-2385, saccharomycete SKL-2388, bacillus subtilis SKL-0063 according to 2:2:1
Mix, when use, is mixed composite bacteria agent with diluent corn flour by 1:100, stir evenly, then again with mix
Raw material be mixed and stirred for uniformly by 1:1000.
8. a kind of application of the agent for rearing and fattening meat sheep FTMR based on microbial straw described in one of claim 1-5.
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| CN114009580A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-08 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Formula, processing technology and application of paper mulberry type fermented total mixed ration |
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