CN109444027B - Particle analyzer and optical acquisition module thereof - Google Patents
Particle analyzer and optical acquisition module thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444027B CN109444027B CN201811604107.1A CN201811604107A CN109444027B CN 109444027 B CN109444027 B CN 109444027B CN 201811604107 A CN201811604107 A CN 201811604107A CN 109444027 B CN109444027 B CN 109444027B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 99
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
- G01N15/1434—Optical arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a particle analyzer and an optical acquisition module thereof, wherein the particle analyzer comprises a flow chamber, the flow chamber is provided with a first side and a second side which are opposite, the optical acquisition module comprises a reflecting mirror positioned on the first side of the flow chamber and a single lens positioned on the second side of the flow chamber, a plurality of light sources of the flow chamber are reflected by the reflecting mirror to correspondingly form a plurality of non-coaxial focusing light spots, and the plurality of focusing light spots form a plurality of light beams with different inclination angles with the optical axis of the single lens after passing through the single lens. By adopting the optical acquisition module designed by the reflector and the single lens, the fluorescence collection efficiency is improved, the whole instrument has high sensitivity, the signal to noise ratio is improved, the crosstalk between different light paths and the collection of stray light signals are avoided, and the complexity of the whole optical structure and the system assembly and debugging difficulty are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical instrument analysis, in particular to a particle analyzer and an optical acquisition module thereof, and the particle analyzer is especially a flow cytometer.
Background
Flow cytometry and flow cytometry are detection means for quantitatively analyzing and sorting single cells or other biological particles, and can analyze thousands of cells at high speed in a short time and simultaneously measure a plurality of parameters from one cell. Flow cytometry is known as laboratory CT, and its flow system focuses the cell-like fluid into a single cell stream layer, with cells queued sequentially through a laser irradiation zone. The sample is irradiated by laser, and scattered light of the cells and fluorescence excited from the dye carried by the cells are emitted around the cells as the center. Thus, the cells can be regarded as point light sources, and the information of the sample can be obtained by collecting and analyzing fluorescence. Since the fluorescent signal is weak and emits toward the periphery like a point light source. Therefore, receiving as much fluorescence signal as possible is a key to improving the detection performance of the flow cytometer.
Because of the unique spectral characteristics of many fluorochromes used in flow cytometry, and because of the specific phenotypic analysis of biological cells, it is often necessary to employ more than one excitation or light source to accurately classify different cell types. In the case of a polychromatic laser flow cytometer, when the flow cytometer is configured with multiple laser sources, the laser focal points are longitudinally distributed along the axis of the flow cell, and each laser focal point excites fluorescence and scattered light, which can be seen as multiple point sources on the axis of the flow cell. The interval between every two spots is between a few tens of micrometers and two hundred micrometers. When a plurality of light sources are used, several kinds of fluorescence can be separated and detected by shifting the light emission time of each light source. It is a technical difficulty in flow cytometry to employ what optical systems are employed to disperse and transmit fluorescent signals from such compact light sources into different filter group modules and to reduce crosstalk between each other.
The prior art generally couples fluorescence signals collected on a flow cell of a flow cytometer into a plurality of fiber ends, and then directs the fluorescence signals of different light sources as spatially separated light beams through the fibers into individual fluorescence detection modules. The optical fiber fluorescence collection system of the existing flow cytometer has the following problems: (1) The optical system is too complex and, once subjected to external influences such as temperature, vibration, flow stability and the like, can easily cause loss of fluorescent signals of cells on the end face of the optical fiber. (2) Because only the fluorescence excitation source is imaged on the end face of the optical fiber with a compact structure, the distance between the light source images of each point is not very large, the crosstalk possibility still exists for fluorescence signals between different excitation sources, and meanwhile, for the optical fiber, only light beams with divergence angles and beam waists smaller than the diameter of the fiber core of the optical fiber can propagate in the optical fiber, so that the limitation is large. In the prior art, a non-optical fiber coupling method is also adopted to collect fluorescence, but the method adopts a telescope or microscope optical system formed by a plurality of optical lenses to collect fluorescence, the whole optical structure is too complex, and certain difficulty is brought to system assembly and debugging.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide an optical acquisition module of a particle analyzer with a novel structure, particularly a flow cytometer.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a particle analyzer, particularly a flow cytometer, using the above-mentioned optical acquisition module.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an optical acquisition module of a particle analyzer, the particle analyzer comprising a flow cell having opposite first and second sides, the optical acquisition module comprising a mirror positioned on the first side of the flow cell and a monolithic lens positioned on the second side of the flow cell, a plurality of light sources of the flow cell reflecting off the mirror to form a plurality of non-coaxial focused spots, the focused spots forming a plurality of light beams at different tilt angles with respect to an optical axis of the monolithic lens.
Preferably, the reflecting mirror has a front surface facing away from the flow chamber and a rear surface facing toward the flow chamber, the front surface being a spherical surface of curvature coated with a reflecting film, and the rear surface being a plane.
Preferably, the single lens is a plano-convex lens or a sphere lens coaxial with the mirror.
The particle analyzer comprises a flow chamber and an optical system, wherein the optical system comprises an optical acquisition module, and the optical acquisition module is the optical acquisition module.
Preferably, the optical system further comprises a beam splitting detection module, and the beam splitting detection module is used for splitting and detecting a light beam formed after focusing through the single lens.
Preferably, the spectral detection module includes a plurality of spectral detection assemblies disposed along an optical path direction, each of the spectral detection assemblies including a dichroic mirror and a photodetector, a light beam of a first wavelength range irradiated to the dichroic mirror transmitting the dichroic mirror and being detected by the corresponding photodetector, and a light beam of a second wavelength range irradiated to the dichroic mirror being reflected by the dichroic mirror to the next spectral detection assembly and being split and detected again.
Preferably, the plurality of beam splitting detection assemblies are sequentially numbered along the light path direction and divided into an odd beam splitting detection assembly and an even beam splitting detection assembly, the odd beam splitting detection assemblies are arranged side by side, the even beam splitting detection assemblies are arranged side by side, and the light beam is reflected back and forth between the odd beam splitting detection assembly and the even beam splitting detection assembly and is split and detected by different odd beam splitting detection assemblies and different even beam splitting detection assemblies.
Preferably, the spectral detection assembly further includes a bandpass filter and a focusing lens sequentially arranged between the dichroic mirror and the photodetector along an optical path direction of the light beam of the first wavelength range transmitting the dichroic mirror.
Preferably, the beam-splitting detection module further includes at least one total reflection mirror disposed along the optical path direction, for reflecting the light beam to a dichroic mirror of a next beam-splitting detection assembly or a next total reflection mirror.
Preferably, the spectroscopic detection module further includes a collimator lens disposed between the single lens and the plurality of spectroscopic detection assemblies in the optical path direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least the following steps are included:
by adopting the optical acquisition module designed by the reflector and the single lens, the fluorescence collection efficiency is improved, the whole instrument has high sensitivity, the crosstalk phenomenon among different light paths and the collection of stray light signals are avoided, and the complexity of the whole optical structure and the system assembly and debugging difficulty are greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic detection module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic detection module according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an optical system of a particle analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 10. a flow chamber; 20. an optical acquisition module; 21. a reflecting mirror; 22. a monolithic lens; 30. a beam-splitting detection module; 31. a spectroscopic probe assembly; 311. a dichroic mirror; 312. a bandpass filter; 313. a focusing lens; 314. a photodetector; 315. a total reflection mirror; 32. a collimating lens; B. blue excitation light source points; r, red excitation light source point.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
The words expressing the positions and directions described in the present invention are described by taking the drawings as an example, but can be changed according to the needs, and all the changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the particle analyzer of the present invention, particularly a flow cytometer, includes a flow cell 10 and an optical system. The flow cell 10 has opposite first and second sides, and cells or biological particles to be analyzed are queued through the flow cell 10 and form a light source spot upon excitation by the laser. The optical system comprises an optical collection module 20, and further comprises a beam splitting detection module 30, wherein the optical collection module 20 is used for collecting a plurality of light sources of the flow chamber 10 and forming a plurality of light beams with different inclination angles, and the beam splitting detection module 30 is used for splitting and detecting the light beams formed after being focused by the single lens 22 of the optical collection module 20.
Referring to fig. 1, an optical acquisition module 20 of the particle analyzer includes a mirror 21 and a monolithic lens 22. Wherein the mirror 21 is located at a first side of the flow chamber 10, the mirror 21 may be adhered to the first side of the flow chamber 10, the mirror 21 has a front surface facing away from the flow chamber 10, which is a curvature spherical surface coated with a reflective film, and a rear surface facing toward the flow chamber 10, which is a plane. The single lens 22 is located on the second side of the flow chamber 10, in this embodiment, the single lens 22 is a plano-convex lens or a sphere lens coaxial with the reflecting mirror 21, and the plurality of light sources of the flow chamber 10 are reflected by the reflecting mirror 21 to form a plurality of non-coaxial focusing light spots correspondingly, and the plurality of focusing light spots are reflected by the single lens 22 to form a plurality of light beams with different inclination angles with respect to the optical axis of the single lens 22 correspondingly. Specifically, the focal points of both the mirror 21 and the monolithic lens 22 are coaxial. Since the plurality of light sources are respectively located in the vertical plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 21 and distributed at a plurality of points up and down of the optical axis, the light emitted from the light sources is focused by the reflecting mirror 21 on a plurality of separated image points on the vertical optical axis plane at the front surface of the monolithic lens 22, and the plurality of image points are imaged by the monolithic lens 22 on a plurality of separated image points on a far plane, namely, the light beams with different tilt angles, because the plurality of image points are not located on the optical axis. The optical collection module 20 simplifies the structure of collecting fluorescence in the space of the existing multiple optical lenses, greatly reduces the complexity of the whole optical structure, avoids the crosstalk phenomenon among different optical paths and the collection of stray light signals, and has high signal collection efficiency.
Specifically, in fig. 1, taking a dual laser system as an example, blue laser and red laser respectively irradiate the cell flow of the flow chamber 10, and respectively form a blue excitation light source point B and a red excitation light source point R excited by lasers with different wavelengths, the two light source points are very close to each other on the axis of the flow chamber 10, and fluorescent signals respectively emitted by the two light source points are focused by a reflecting mirror 21 to the front of a single lens 22. The two light source points are respectively imaged into two focusing light spots which are positioned on the upper and lower sides of the optical axis of the single lens 22, and the two non-coaxial focusing light spots form two focusing light beams respectively with different inclined angles with the optical axis of the single lens 22 after being refocused by the single lens 22. On the mirror surface of the collimator lens 32 of the spectroscopic detection module 30, the two fluorescent light beams are separated by several tens of millimeters, and the distance may gradually increase with the propagation distance of the oblique light beams, and finally the two light beams are collected by different spectroscopic detection modules 30, respectively.
The optical acquisition module 20 has at least the following advantages: 1, compared with the prior art that the fluorescence collection system is limited by the optical fiber end face to propagate the fluorescence signal, the optical collection module 20 of the invention can propagate the fluorescence signal without the optical fiber end face limitation, because the numerical aperture of the light beam acceptable by the single lens 22 and the end face of the light beam are far larger than those of the optical fiber, when the whole optical system is interfered by the outside, the phenomenon of losing cell information is not easy to occur, and the whole instrument has high sensitivity. 2. The light beams excited by the light sources at a short distance are converted into inclined light beams with larger inclined angles through a non-coaxial optical structure design, so that the inclined light beams enter different collimating lenses 32, the signal to noise ratio is increased, other stray signals are converted by the single lens 22 and separated from fluorescent light beams, the light source signals of all light source points can be reliably detected, and the crosstalk phenomenon among different light paths and the collection of stray light signals are avoided. 3. The design scheme of the reflecting mirror 21 and the single lens 22 greatly simplifies the existing structure (telescope or microscope optical system) for collecting fluorescence by a plurality of optical lenses, and greatly reduces the complexity of the whole optical structure and the difficulty of system assembly and debugging.
It should be noted that, the optical collection module 20 of the present invention is described above by taking a dual laser system as an example, but it is understood that the optical collection module 20 can also be used in a system with multiple laser irradiation such as three lasers, four lasers, and the like to separate multiple light source points, so as to achieve the above technical effects.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectroscopic detection module 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the spectroscopic detection module 30 includes a plurality of spectroscopic detection assemblies 31 disposed along the optical path direction, and further includes a collimator lens 32. Each of the spectral detection assemblies 31 includes a dichroic mirror 311 and a photodetector 314, and further includes a bandpass filter 312 and a focusing lens 313.
For the spectral detection module 30, in the prior art, a total reflection mirror 315 is disposed in front of each dichroic mirror 311 to distinguish signals with different wavelengths in the fluorescent signals, so that the light beam passing through each bandpass filter 312 needs to undergo at least one reflection of the dichroic mirror 311 and one reflection of the total reflection mirror 315, for example, one spectral detection module 30 with 8 photodetectors 314, and the fluorescent light beam needs to undergo 8 reflections of the dichroic mirror 311 and 7 reflections of the total reflection mirror 315 to distinguish the fluorescent signals with different wavelengths, so that the fluorescent signals enter the corresponding photodetectors 314 respectively, and the fluorescent signal loss is great.
The structure of the beam-splitting detection module 30 is innovatively changed, so that a beam of fluorescent light beam can separate fluorescent signals with different wavelengths into the respective photodetectors 314 only by being reflected by the dichroic mirror 311 for 7 times, therefore, the structure of the beam-splitting detection module 30 can reduce the reflection times of the fluorescent signals to half of the reflection times of the prior art, the attenuation of the fluorescent signals caused by multiple reflection is greatly reduced, and the whole beam-splitting detection module 30 is more compact in structure, smaller in size and beneficial to assembly and arrangement.
Specifically, the light flux of the first wavelength range irradiated to the dichroic mirror 311 transmits the dichroic mirror 311 and is detected by the corresponding photodetector 314, and the light flux of the second wavelength range irradiated to the dichroic mirror 311 is reflected by the dichroic mirror 311 to the next spectral detection assembly 31 and is split and detected again. The collimator lens 32 is disposed between the monolithic lens 22 and the plurality of spectral detection assemblies 31 in the optical path direction, and the bandpass filter 312 and the focusing lens 313 are disposed between the dichroic mirror 311 and the photodetector 314 in order in the optical path direction of the light beam of the first wavelength range that transmits the dichroic mirror 311.
As shown in fig. 2, the plurality of spectroscopic detection modules 31 are sequentially numbered 1 to 6 in the optical path direction and are divided into an odd spectroscopic detection module 31 and an even spectroscopic detection module 31, the odd spectroscopic detection modules 31 are arranged side by side, the even spectroscopic detection modules 31 are arranged side by side, and the light beam is reflected back and forth between the odd spectroscopic detection module 31 and the even spectroscopic detection module 31 and is split and detected by the different odd spectroscopic detection modules 31 and the different even spectroscopic detection modules 31.
More specifically, the fluorescent light beam excited by the blue laser is converged into one collimated light beam by the collimator lens 32. The light beam with a wavelength smaller than a certain value (the second wavelength range) is reflected by the dichroic mirror 311 of the spectral detection assembly 31 with the number 1 to the dichroic mirror 311 of the spectral detection assembly 31 with the number 2, while the light beam with a wavelength larger than the certain value (the first wavelength range) is transmitted through the dichroic mirror 311 of the spectral detection assembly 31 with the number 1 to enter the corresponding bandpass filter 312, and the bandpass filter 312 eliminates some signals with stray wavelengths, and the light beam with the first wavelength range enters the photodetector 314 with the focusing lens 313 to be detected. For the dichroic mirror 311 of the spectral detection assembly 31 of No. 2, a light beam smaller than a certain number of wavelengths (second wavelength range) is reflected to the dichroic mirror 311 of the spectral detection assembly 31 of No. 3, while a light beam larger than the number of wavelengths (first wavelength range) is transmitted into its corresponding bandpass filter 312, and finally focused into the photodetector 314 by the focusing lens 313. The spectroscopic probe assemblies 31 numbered 4 to 6 employ the same spectroscopic probing process.
The number of the spectroscopic detection assemblies 31 of the spectroscopic detection module 30 may be further increased or decreased as required, for example, the spectroscopic detection module 30 shown in fig. 3 is provided with three spectroscopic detection assemblies 31, so as to realize detection of twenty or more kinds of fluorescence wavelengths, and also reduce detection of two kinds of fluorescence wavelengths. The dichroic mirror 311 of each of the spectral detection units 31 generally has different first and second wavelength ranges corresponding to the respective light beams due to different optical characteristics.
The beam-splitting detection module 30 of the invention separates out signals with different wave bands and enters the detection channels corresponding to the signals by arranging the dichroic mirrors 311 with different bandwidths approximately symmetrically according to the corresponding optical characteristics, and reflecting fluorescent signals back and forth between the dichroic mirrors 311. Compared with the existing light-splitting detection module 30, when the light-splitting detection module 30 detects the same fluorescent signal type, the reflection times of the fluorescent signal can be reduced to half of those of the prior art, the attenuation of the fluorescent signal caused by multiple reflection is greatly reduced, and the light-splitting detection module 30 is more compact in structure.
As an alternative embodiment, the beam-splitting detection module 30 further includes at least one total reflection mirror 315 disposed along the optical path direction, and the total reflection mirror 315 is used to reflect the light beam to the dichroic mirror 311 of the next beam-splitting detection assembly 31 or the next total reflection mirror 315. In particular, with reference to FIG. 4,
the difference between the spectroscopic detection module 30 shown in fig. 4 and the spectroscopic detection module 30 shown in fig. 2 is that the spectroscopic detection assembly 31 with the number 3 is replaced with the total reflection mirror 315, and of course, portions of the spectroscopic detection assembly 31 with other numbers may be replaced with the total reflection mirror 315. When the light beam passes through the dichroic mirror 311 of the No. 4 spectral detection unit 31 by total reflection of the total reflection mirror 315, the light beam smaller than a certain value wavelength (second wavelength range) is reflected to the dichroic mirror 311 of the No. 5 spectral detection unit 31, and the light beam larger than the certain value (first wavelength range) is transmitted into the bandpass filter 312 in the dichroic mirror 311 of the No. 4 spectral detection unit 31, and finally passes into the corresponding photodetector 314. The dichroic mirror 311 of the spectral detection assembly 31 numbered 5 reflects the light beam smaller than a certain number of wavelengths to the last dichroic mirror 311, and the light beam larger than a certain number of wavelengths enters the corresponding bandpass filter 312 and photodetector 314 therein.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical system of a particle analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 5, two light source points of a flow chamber 10 are reflected by a reflecting mirror 21 of an optical collection module 20 and focused by a single lens 22 to form two light beams with different inclination angles with respect to an optical axis of the single lens 22, the two light beams are converged into two collimated light beams after passing through two collimating lenses 32 respectively, and finally, the two collimated light beams are split and detected by two beam splitting detection modules 30 respectively. The particle analyzer may further include a plurality of beam splitting detection modules 30, where the plurality of beam splitting detection modules 30 are configured to split a plurality of light beams formed by focusing the single lens 22 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made therein by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all such changes being within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A particle analyzer, wherein the particle analyzer comprises a flow cell and an optical system, the optical system comprising an optical acquisition module;
the optical acquisition module comprises a reflecting mirror positioned on the first side of the flow chamber and a single lens positioned on the second side of the flow chamber, a plurality of light sources of the flow chamber are reflected by the reflecting mirror to correspondingly form a plurality of non-coaxial focusing light spots, and the plurality of focusing light spots are reflected by the single lens to correspondingly form a plurality of light beams with different inclination angles with the optical axis of the single lens;
the single lens is a plano-convex lens or a sphere lens coaxial with the reflecting mirror;
the optical system further comprises a light splitting detection module, wherein the light splitting detection module is used for splitting and detecting a light beam formed after focusing through the single lens;
the beam splitting detection module comprises a plurality of beam splitting detection assemblies arranged along the light path direction, each beam splitting detection assembly comprises a dichroic mirror and a photoelectric detector, a light beam in a first wavelength range irradiated to the dichroic mirror transmits the dichroic mirror and is detected by the corresponding photoelectric detector, and a light beam in a second wavelength range irradiated to the dichroic mirror is reflected to the next beam splitting detection assembly by the dichroic mirror and is split and detected again;
the beam splitting detection assembly further comprises a bandpass filter and a focusing lens, wherein the bandpass filter and the focusing lens are sequentially arranged between the dichroic mirror and the photoelectric detector along the light path direction of the light beam in the first wavelength range of the transmission dichroic mirror;
the optical path direction is followed a plurality of beam split detection subassembly and is numbered in proper order and divide into odd beam split detection subassembly and even beam split detection subassembly, odd beam split detection subassembly sets up side by side, even beam split detection subassembly sets up side by side, and the light beam makes a round trip between odd beam split detection subassembly and even beam split detection subassembly and by different odd beam split detection subassembly and different even beam split detection subassembly carry out beam split and detection.
2. The particle analyzer of claim 1, wherein the mirror has a front surface facing away from the flow cell and a rear surface facing toward the flow cell, the front surface being a sphere of curvature coated with a reflective film, the rear surface being planar.
3. The particle analyzer of claim 1, wherein the spectroscopic probe module further comprises at least one total reflection mirror disposed along the optical path direction for reflecting the light beam to a dichroic mirror of a next spectroscopic probe assembly or a next total reflection mirror.
4. The particle analyzer of claim 1, wherein the spectroscopic detection module further comprises a collimating lens disposed in the direction of the optical path between the monolithic lens and the plurality of spectroscopic detection assemblies.
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|---|---|
| CN109444027A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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