CN109429972A - A kind of planting method of tobacco - Google Patents
A kind of planting method of tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429972A CN109429972A CN201811128729.1A CN201811128729A CN109429972A CN 109429972 A CN109429972 A CN 109429972A CN 201811128729 A CN201811128729 A CN 201811128729A CN 109429972 A CN109429972 A CN 109429972A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of planting method of tobacco.The present invention is the following steps are included: planting site selection, site preparation ridging, plantation preparation, seedling replanting, water and fertilizer management, integrated management etc..The present invention is different according to the nutriment that different times tobacco needs, and formulating has targetedly fertilizer applications, before planting the phase, and tobacco plant growth needed nutrient matter is less, and planting organic fertilizer and soil fertility in plant hole can meet；When tobacco growing is to 5~7cm, tobacco plant growth is very fast, needs a large number of nutrients, applying 0.05~0.07kg compound fertilizer for every plant can satisfy the demand of this period tobacco nutriment；When tobacco growing is to 10~12cm, last time fertilising has been unable to meet plant nutrition demand due to absorbing and be lost naturally etc. tobacco plant, converts 100kg water with 4~6kg compound fertilizer, every plant of 300~350mL of pourings, fertilizer efficiency is quick, is convenient for absorption.Utilization rate of fertilizer can be effectively increased by interim fertilizing method, reduces the wasting of resources.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of planting method of tobacco.
Background technique
Tobacco, Latin language scientific name: Nicotianatabacum.Nicotiana tubular flower mesh, Solanaceae is annual or limited many years
Raw herbaceous plant, base portion slightly lignifying.Inflorescence basidixed, it is coniform, it spends more；Capsule ovate or square round shape, length are approximately equal to persistent calyx.
Summer and autumn yields positive results.It is distributed mainly on South America, China.In general " tobacco " is known as making Yan grass, Hongkong and Macro in TaiWan, China
It is known as making tobacco.Cigarette is indispensable a part in hundreds of millions smokers life, and the even more Important Economic of country and local property tax comes
Source.China's tobacco industry chain is made of agriculture, work, Shang San great chain link.Tobacco product is many kinds of currently on the market, domestic main
The tobacco bred of consumption is cigarette.
China is the first in the world leaf tobacco production big country, and tobacco business has unique status in national economy.But tobacco
The problems such as that there are utilization rate of fertilizer is low for plantation, plantation complex procedures and lateral bud growth cause yield of tobacco and quality to decline.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of planting method of tobacco.
A kind of planting method of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
A, planting site selects: select fertility is moderate, retain water and nutrients ability is relatively strong, draining good air permeability, pH for 5.6~
7.0 soil is as tobacco planting；
B, site preparation ridging: before planting to planting site 20~25cm of deep ploughing before 1 year winter, before planting after deep ploughing
Planting site on row spacing from 30~35cm, 110~120cm of row spacing, the high 15~20cm standard ridging in ridge；
C, plantation prepares: two rows of kind of plant holes are dug on every ridge, dig kind of a plant hole at away from 6~8cm of ridge side with 60~70cm of spacing in the rows,
Deep 7~the 9cm of kind plant hole, 8~10cm of diameter, each kind of plant hole apply the covering of backfill original soil and earth's surface after 0.2~0.4kg organic fertilizer
It is equal, after every ridge covering mulch above kind of the plant hole mulching soil, 2~3cm of thickness of soil on mulch；
D, seedling replanting: the vigorous healthy and strong seedling of selection no disease and pests harm, growing way carries out tobacco seedling with seedling transplanter
Transplanting, pours 200~300mL root water for every plant after the completion of transplanting；
E, water and fertilizer management: when tobacco seedling grows to 5~7cm, every plant of application 0.05~0.07kg compound fertilizer,；Tobacco
When plant strain growth is to 12~15cm, 100kg water, every plant of 300~350mL of pouring are converted with 4~6kg compound fertilizer；
F, integrated management: when tobacco petal will open, going to push up to tobacco plant, 4~6, related top of petal top
Blade removes together, removes apical dominance；When tobacco plant top vane grows to 5~7cm, smears Suckering agents and inhibit tobacco
Lateral bud growth；It is bottommost blade is smaller, be not suitable for the tobacco leaf toasted removal, cigarette when tobacco growing is to 10~12cm
When grass harvesting to middle part, mulch is removed.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer includes following raw material: 6~8 parts of dish Hectometer, 20~30 parts of pine needle, wheat stalk
15~20 parts, 7~10 parts of edible fungi residue, 16~20 parts of cow dung.EM bacterium powder.
Preferably, the production method of the organic fertilizer is that wheat stalk, pine needle, dish Hectometer, cow dung and EM bacterium powder are added to fit
It is uniformly mixed after measuring water, fermentation is made to decomposed.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer is sub- by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, sulfuric acid
Iron 3:1:2:0.01:0.01:0.01:0.02 in mass ratio, which is uniformly mixed, to be made.
Preferably, the Suckering agents main component is 33% pendimethalin missible oil, is diluted 80~100 with water when use
Times.
Preferably.In the water and fertilizer management compound fertilizer's application method be after the rain ground moistening when compound fertilizer imposed on into distance
At 4~6cm of tobacco root.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, present invention backfill original soil after each kind of plant hole applies 0.2~0.4kg organic fertilizer covers, every ridge equal with earth's surface
It covers after mulch that mulching soil, covering mulch can reduce soil moisture loss on mulch above kind of the plant hole, increases tobacco children
Seedling survival rate reduces process, to reduce planting cost.
2, the nutriment that the present invention is needed according to different times tobacco is different, and formulating has targetedly fertilizer applications,
Phase before planting, tobacco plant growth needed nutrient matter is less, and planting organic fertilizer and soil fertility in plant hole can meet；In cigarette
When grass grows to 5~7cm, tobacco plant growth is very fast, needs a large number of nutrients, applying 0.05~0.07kg compound fertilizer for every plant can
To meet the needs of this period tobacco nutriment；When tobacco growing is to 10~12cm, last time fertilising is inhaled due to tobacco plant
It receives and the reasons such as loss has been unable to meet plant nutrition demand naturally, convert 100kg water with 4~6kg compound fertilizer, every plant is poured 300
~350mL, fertilizer efficiency is quick, convenient for absorbing.Utilization rate of fertilizer can be effectively increased by interim fertilizing method, reduces resource
Waste.
3, the Suckering agents of the invention made from 33% pendimethalin missible oil, 80~100 times of dilutions, can effectively inhibit side
Bud growth, removes apical dominance, the high yield and quality of tobacco can be effectively ensured in combination with measures such as interim fertilizing methods.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment, but technical solution provided by the invention
It not only include the content showed in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Step 1: planting site selects: select fertility is moderate, retain water and nutrients ability is relatively strong, draining good air permeability, pH for
5.6~7.0 soil is as tobacco planting；
Step 2: site preparation ridging: before planting to planting site deep ploughing 24cm before 1 year winter, before planting after deep ploughing
Planting site on row spacing from 30~35cm, row spacing 110cm, the high 16cm standard ridging in ridge；
Step 3: plantation prepares: two rows of kind of plant holes are dug on every ridge, dig kind of a plant hole, plantation at away from ridge side 7cm with spacing in the rows 65cm
Cave depth 9cm, diameter 10cm, backfill original soil covering is equal with earth's surface after each kind of plant hole applies 0.2kg organic fertilizer, every ridge covering
After mulch above kind of the plant hole mulching soil, thickness of soil 3cm on mulch；
Step 4: seedling replanting: the vigorous healthy and strong seedling of selection no disease and pests harm, growing way is with seedling transplanter to tobacco seedling
It is transplanted, pours 240mL root water for every plant after the completion of transplanting；
Step 5: water and fertilizer management: when tobacco seedling grows to 5~7cm, every plant of application 0.06kg compound fertilizer,；Tobacco
When plant strain growth is to 14cm, 100kg water, every plant of pouring 320mL are converted with 5kg compound fertilizer；
Step 6: integrated management: when tobacco petal will open, going to push up to tobacco plant, 5, the related top of petal top
End blade removes together, removes apical dominance；When tobacco plant top vane grows to 7cm, smears Suckering agents and inhibit tobacco
Lateral bud growth；Bottommost blade is smaller, be not suitable for the tobacco leaf toasted removal when tobacco growing is to 11cm, tobacco is adopted
When receipts to middle part, mulch is removed.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: planting site selects: select fertility is moderate, retain water and nutrients ability is relatively strong, draining good air permeability, pH for
5.6~7.0 soil is as tobacco planting；
Step 2: site preparation ridging: before planting to planting site deep ploughing 24cm before 1 year winter, before planting after deep ploughing
Planting site on row spacing from 34cm, row spacing 115cm, the high 18cm standard ridging in ridge；
Step 3: plantation prepares: two rows of kind of plant holes are dug on every ridge, dig kind of a plant hole, plantation at away from ridge side 7cm with spacing in the rows 62cm
Cave depth 7cm, diameter 8cm, backfill original soil covering is equal with earth's surface after each kind of plant hole applies 0.3kg organic fertilizer, every ridge covering ground
After film above kind of the plant hole mulching soil, thickness of soil 3cm on mulch；
Step 4: seedling replanting: the vigorous healthy and strong seedling of selection no disease and pests harm, growing way is with seedling transplanter to tobacco seedling
It is transplanted, pours 260mL root water for every plant after the completion of transplanting；
Step 5: water and fertilizer management: when tobacco seedling grows to 5~7cm, every plant of application 0.05kg compound fertilizer,；Tobacco
When plant strain growth is to 14cm, 100kg water, every plant of pouring 350mL are converted with 4kg compound fertilizer；
Step 6: integrated management: when tobacco petal will open, going to push up to tobacco plant, 6, the related top of petal top
End blade removes together, removes apical dominance；When tobacco plant top vane grows to 7cm, smears Suckering agents and inhibit tobacco
Lateral bud growth；Bottommost blade is smaller, be not suitable for the tobacco leaf toasted removal when tobacco growing is to 11cm, tobacco is adopted
When receipts to middle part, mulch is removed.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: planting site selects: select fertility is moderate, retain water and nutrients ability is relatively strong, draining good air permeability, pH for
5.6~7.0 soil is as tobacco planting；
Step 2: site preparation ridging: before planting to planting site deep ploughing 21cm before 1 year winter, before planting after deep ploughing
Planting site on row spacing from 34cm, row spacing 120cm, the high 18cm standard ridging in ridge；
Step 3: plantation prepares: two rows of kind of plant holes are dug on every ridge, dig kind of a plant hole at away from 6~8cm of ridge side with spacing in the rows 65cm,
Kind plant hole depth 9cm, diameter 10cm, backfill original soil covering is equal with earth's surface after each kind of plant hole applies 0.3kg organic fertilizer, and every ridge is covered
After lid mulch above kind of the plant hole mulching soil, thickness of soil 2cm on mulch；
Step 4: seedling replanting: the vigorous healthy and strong seedling of selection no disease and pests harm, growing way is with seedling transplanter to tobacco seedling
It is transplanted, pours 280mL root water for every plant after the completion of transplanting；
Step 5: water and fertilizer management: when tobacco seedling grows to 5~7cm, every plant of application 0.07kg compound fertilizer,；Tobacco
When plant strain growth is to 15cm, 100kg water, every plant of pouring 315mL are converted with 6kg compound fertilizer；
Step 6: integrated management: when tobacco petal will open, going to push up to tobacco plant, 4, the related top of petal top
End blade removes together, removes apical dominance；When tobacco plant top vane grows to 5cm, smears Suckering agents and inhibit tobacco
Lateral bud growth；Bottommost blade is smaller, be not suitable for the tobacco leaf toasted removal when tobacco growing is to 11cm, tobacco is adopted
When receipts to middle part, mulch is removed.
Embodiment 4
Step 1: planting site selects: select fertility is moderate, retain water and nutrients ability is relatively strong, draining good air permeability, pH for
5.6~7.0 soil is as tobacco planting；
Step 2: site preparation ridging: before planting to planting site deep ploughing 20cm before 1 year winter, before planting after deep ploughing
Planting site on row spacing from 30cm, row spacing 110cm, the high 15~20cm standard ridging in ridge；
Step 3: plantation prepares: two rows of kind of plant holes are dug on every ridge, dig kind of a plant hole, plantation at away from ridge side 7cm with spacing in the rows 66cm
Cave depth 9cm, diameter 8cm, backfill original soil covering is equal with earth's surface after each kind of plant hole applies 0.3kg organic fertilizer, every ridge covering ground
After film above kind of the plant hole mulching soil, thickness of soil 3cm on mulch；
Step 4: seedling replanting: the vigorous healthy and strong seedling of selection no disease and pests harm, growing way is with seedling transplanter to tobacco seedling
It is transplanted, pours 240mL root water for every plant after the completion of transplanting；
Step 5: water and fertilizer management: when tobacco seedling grows to 5cm, every plant of application 0.06kg compound fertilizer,；Tobacco plant
When growing to 13cm, 100kg water, every plant of pouring 310mL are converted with 5kg compound fertilizer；
Step 6: integrated management: when tobacco petal will open, going to push up to tobacco plant, 5, the related top of petal top
End blade removes together, removes apical dominance；When tobacco plant top vane grows to 7cm, smears Suckering agents and inhibit tobacco
Lateral bud growth；Bottommost blade is smaller, be not suitable for the tobacco leaf toasted removal when tobacco growing is to 11cm, tobacco is adopted
When receipts to middle part, mulch is removed.
Present invention backfill original soil covering after each kind of plant hole applies 0.2~0.4kg organic fertilizer is equal with earth's surface, and every ridge is covered
Mulching soil, covering mulch can reduce soil moisture loss, increase tobacco seedling on mulch above kind of the plant hole after lid mulch
Survival rate reduces process, to reduce planting cost.
The present invention is different according to the nutriment that different times tobacco needs, and formulating has targetedly fertilizer applications,
It plants early period, tobacco plant growth needed nutrient matter is less, and planting organic fertilizer and soil fertility in plant hole can meet；In tobacco
When growing to 5~7cm, tobacco plant growth is very fast, needs a large number of nutrients, and applying 0.05~0.07kg compound fertilizer for every plant can be with
Meets the needs of this period tobacco nutriment；When tobacco growing is to 10~12cm, last time fertilising is absorbed due to tobacco plant
Have been unable to meet plant nutrition demand with the reasons such as being lost naturally, convert 100kg water with 4~6kg compound fertilizer, every plant pour 300~
350mL, fertilizer efficiency is quick, convenient for absorbing.Utilization rate of fertilizer can be effectively increased by interim fertilizing method, reduces resource wave
Take.
Present invention Suckering agents made from 33% pendimethalin missible oil, 80~100 times of dilutions, can effectively inhibit lateral bud
Growth removes apical dominance, the high yield and quality of tobacco can be effectively ensured in combination with measures such as interim fertilizing methods.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form, appoint
What without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention any modification to the above embodiments, etc.
With variation and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of planting method of tobacco, which comprises the following steps:
A, planting site selects: selecting that fertility is moderate, retain water and nutrients ability is relatively strong, draining good air permeability, pH are 5.6~7.0
Soil is as tobacco planting；
B, it site preparation ridging: is deep ploughed 20~25cm before 1 year winter to planting site before planting, before planting the kind after deep ploughing
It plants on the ground with row spacing from 30~35cm, 110~120cm of row spacing, the high 15~20cm standard ridging in ridge；
C, plantation prepares: two rows of kind of plant holes are dug on every ridge, dig kind of a plant hole at away from 6~8cm of ridge side with 60~70cm of spacing in the rows, plant plant hole
Deep 7~9cm, 8~10cm of diameter, backfill original soil covering is equal with earth's surface after each kind of plant hole applies 0.2~0.4kg organic fertilizer,
After every ridge covering mulch above kind of the plant hole mulching soil, 2~3cm of thickness of soil on mulch；
D, seedling replanting: the vigorous healthy and strong seedling of selection no disease and pests harm, growing way transplants tobacco seedling with seedling transplanter,
200~300mL root water is poured for every plant after the completion of transplanting；
E, water and fertilizer management: when tobacco seedling grows to 5~7cm, every plant of application 0.05~0.07kg compound fertilizer；Tobacco plant is raw
It is long to 12~15cm when, convert 100kg water, every plant of 300~350mL of pouring with 4~6kg compound fertilizer；
F, integrated management: when tobacco petal will open, going to push up to tobacco plant, 4~6, related top of petal top blade
It removes together, removes apical dominance；When tobacco plant top vane grows to 5~7cm, smears Suckering agents and inhibit tobacco lateral bud
Growth；Bottommost blade is smaller, be not suitable for the tobacco leaf toasted removal when tobacco growing is to 10~12cm, tobacco is adopted
When receipts to middle part, mulch is removed.
2. a kind of planting method of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer includes following parts by weight
Raw material: 6~8 parts of dish Hectometer, 20~30 parts of pine needle, 15~20 parts of wheat stalk, 7~10 parts of edible fungi residue, 16~20 parts of cow dung.
EM bacterium powder.
3. a kind of planting method of tobacco according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the production method of the organic fertilizer is will
Wheat stalk, pine needle, dish Hectometer, cow dung and EM bacterium powder are uniformly mixed after suitable quantity of water is added, and fermentation is made to decomposed.
4. a kind of planting method of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compound fertilizer by potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
Urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate 3:1:2:0.01:0.01:0.01:0.02 in mass ratio are mixed
It closes and is uniformly made.
5. a kind of planting method of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Suckering agents main component is 33%
Pendimethalin missible oil is diluted 80~100 times with water when use.
6. a kind of planting method of tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterised in that.Compound fertilizer uses in the water and fertilizer management
Method be after the rain ground moistening when compound fertilizer is imposed at 4~6cm of tobacco root.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811128729.1A CN109429972A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | A kind of planting method of tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811128729.1A CN109429972A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | A kind of planting method of tobacco |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109429972A true CN109429972A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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ID=65544295
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| CN201811128729.1A Withdrawn CN109429972A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | A kind of planting method of tobacco |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113739845A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Application method of sargassum fusiforme oligosaccharide |
-
2018
- 2018-09-27 CN CN201811128729.1A patent/CN109429972A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113739845A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Application method of sargassum fusiforme oligosaccharide |
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Application publication date: 20190308 |