CN109423319B - Stainless steel grinding oil-containing waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a stainless steel grinding oily waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment device, which comprises a feeding system, a vacuum distillation tank, a vacuumizing condensation system and a gas storage tank, wherein the feeding system is used for crushing a fibrous slag cake to be crushed by a crusher and transferring the material to the vacuum distillation tank through a hoisting device; heating the oily waste residue to a temperature for evaporating oil in a vacuum distillation tank under vacuum, and keeping the temperature until all oil in the waste residue is evaporated; the vacuumizing condensation system condenses the oil vapor evaporated from the vacuum distillation tank into liquid oil and stores the condensed liquid oil in an oil storage tank; the gas storage tank stores a part of the combustible gas which can not be liquefied, and after the combustible gas is gathered to a certain amount, the combustible gas is guided to a place where fuel is needed to be used as the fuel. The invention can recycle the oil and the metal powder in the waste oil residue, has no influence on the environment, and has the advantages of high processing speed, small occupied area, low cost and high production and processing capacity.

Description

Stainless steel grinding oil-containing waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of stainless steel treatment, in particular to a stainless steel grinding oily waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment device which is suitable for stainless steel grinding, waste treatment, oily waste residue, liquid-solid separation and vacuum distillation.

Background

In the production process of high-quality stainless steel strip, in order to obtain high-quality surface quality, the surface of the high-quality stainless steel strip is usually ground by a surface grinding machine set so as to remove the defects of oxidation color, scratches and the like on the surface and eliminate surface color difference. The surface grinding is an important process for producing high-quality stainless steel strip steel. The grinding unit cools the band steel and the abrasive belt in the grinding area through the sprayed grinding oil, so that the effect of reducing temperature and preventing secondary oxidation of the surface of the band steel is achieved, and meanwhile, the sprayed grinding oil brings the ground metal fine powder away from the grinding area. The grinding oil discharged from the grinding unit contains a large amount of metal fine powder, the oil and the fine powder are separated after filtering, the grinding oil is recycled, the fine powder becomes slag mud, the fine powder is pressed into a cake shape through a filter press, and most of residual grinding oil in the slag mud is squeezed out. The pressed slag cake still contains 8-10% of grinding oil and becomes 'dangerous waste'. According to the requirement of environmental protection, the 'dangerous waste' which is not subjected to deoiling treatment cannot be shipped out of a factory. This directly affects the production process of high quality stainless steel strip steel and becomes a limiting factor in its production. The development of the method and the equipment for the clean treatment of the oil-containing slag cake has very important significance for the production of high-quality stainless steel strip steel.

The oil-containing residue sludge has three characteristics: (1) the oil content is high, and if the oil content can be separated cleanly, the oil can be recycled; (2) the content of metal powder in the waste residue is high, the components of the waste residue are mainly iron, nickel and chromium, the waste residue is a high-quality raw material for stainless steel production, and the waste residue exists in a metal state rather than a common oxidation state; (3) the waste slag contains a small amount of fibrous materials which are ground from the abrasive belt, so that the slag cake has high axial toughness and brings difficulty to crushing.

The currently known methods for treating oil-containing waste residues include: incineration, biodegradation, chemical separation, extraction separation, alkaline washing and the like, but the method for treating the grinding slag cake is difficult to realize that the method has no influence on the environment and can recycle the treated materials. Such as chemical separation, extraction separation and alkaline washing, the method is that oil in waste residue is transferred into a special chemical solvent, the oil is separated from the residue by utilizing the special physicochemical characteristics of the special chemical solvent, then the oil and the solvent are separated, and the subsequent solvent regeneration process can generate great influence on the environment; in the biodegradation, the oil in the waste residue needs to be slowly decomposed by microorganisms under the conditions of proper temperature and humidity, so that a larger field is needed, the speed is slower, and the influence of environmental conditions is avoided; the incineration method is used for treating the slag sludge to generate dioxin and a large amount of smoke dust, oil in the slag cannot be recycled, and various metallic elements in the slag are oxidized, so that the difficulty of subsequent utilization is increased. Therefore, it is necessary and useful to develop a method and apparatus which can recover the oil and metal elements in the slag for reuse without subsequent treatment, rapidly, in a small area, and without environmental impact.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a stainless steel grinding oil-containing waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment device.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:

the equipment for cleaning and recycling the oily waste residues in the grinding of the stainless steel comprises a feeding system, a vacuum distillation tank, a vacuumizing and condensing system and a gas storage tank, wherein the feeding system is used for crushing fibrous slag cakes needing to be crushed by a crusher and transferring the materials into the vacuum distillation tank through hoisting equipment; the vacuum distillation tank heats the oily waste residue to the temperature for evaporating the oil under vacuum, and the temperature is kept until the oil in the waste residue is completely evaporated; the vacuumizing condensation system condenses the oil vapor evaporated from the vacuum distillation tank into liquid oil and stores the condensed liquid oil in the oil storage tank; the gas storage tank stores a part of the combustible gas which can not be liquefied, and after the combustible gas is gathered to a certain amount, the combustible gas is guided to a place where fuel is needed to be used as the fuel.

In the technical scheme, the feeding system comprises a storage bin, a vibrating feeder, a crusher and a receiving hopper, wherein the slag cake to be processed is placed into the storage bin, the vibrating feeder controls the feeding speed, the slag cake is added into the crusher according to a certain amount and sequence, the crusher crushes the slag cake, and the crushed oil slag enters the receiving hopper.

In the technical scheme, the crusher comprises a crusher cover, a rotor, a crusher inlet, a movable rack, a first fixed rack, a wear-resistant lining plate, a crusher shell, a crusher outlet, a second fixed rack, a motor, a support bearing and a support;

controlling the flow rate of the waste oil residue cake to the crusher through the vibration feeder, enabling the waste oil residue cake to enter the crusher inlet in sequence, enabling the waste oil residue cake to be further crushed after entering the crusher from the crusher inlet and to be torn by a movable rack fixed on a rotor, enabling the torn oil residue to be driven by the movable rack to meet a first fixed rack arranged on a crusher cover, enabling the oil residue to be further crushed under the action of the movable rack and the first fixed rack, determining the crushing degree of the oil residue through a gap between the movable rack and the fixed rack, enabling the crushed oil residue to fall into the crusher outlet under the action of gravity and centrifugal force after passing through the first fixed rack, enabling the oil residue adhered to the rotor after passing through the crusher outlet and still not separated to be installed on a second fixed rack arranged on the crusher shell, enabling the rotor to be intercepted by a motor, enabling the rotor to be supported by supporting bearings at two ends, and installing wear-resistant lining plates on the crusher cover and the crusher shell, the whole pulverizer is supported by a support, and the pulverized waste oil residues enter a receiving hopper through an outlet of the pulverizer.

In the technical scheme, the vacuum distillation tank comprises a tank body with an opening at the upper part, a distillation cover with a charging opening, a charging opening sealing plug, a charging opening, an air inlet and outlet pipe, a stirrer heater, a tank body bottom heater, a stirrer driving motor, two stirrer supporting bearings, a hollow shaft, a thrust bearing, a current collector, a heat insulation material, a lead, a sealed storage tank, a discharge opening, an outlet sealing plug, an outlet gate valve, a discharge chute, a temperature thermocouple and a discharge chute heater;

opening the charge door sealing plug, closing export gate valve, loading discharge gate sealing plug, starting agitator driving motor, the drive agitator rotates, and the rotation direction is decided by the incline direction of the blade of agitator, will add in the vacuum distillation jar through kibbling waste oil sediment, then by agitator evenly distributed in the bottom of vacuum distillation jar, stops reinforced when the material level reaches the settlement position in the vacuum distillation jar, installs the charge door sealing plug, accomplishes reinforced process.

In the technical scheme, the vacuumizing condensation system comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a filter, a condenser, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a distillation system vacuum pump and an oil storage tank, oil vapor evaporated from a vacuum distillation tank is condensed into liquid oil, and the condensed liquid oil is stored in the oil storage tank;

after the feeding process is finished, starting a distillation process, firstly closing the first electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve, opening the third electromagnetic valve, starting a distillation system vacuum pump, opening the second electromagnetic valve, carrying out primary vacuumizing, discharging oxygen in the system out of a room through an exhaust pipeline, closing the second electromagnetic valve after a certain vacuum degree is reached, closing the distillation system vacuum pump, and finishing the primary vacuumizing; opening the first electromagnetic valve, filling nitrogen into the system through a nitrogen pipeline, closing the first electromagnetic valve after the system is filled with the nitrogen, starting the vacuum pump of the distillation system for the second time, opening the second electromagnetic valve, performing secondary vacuum pumping, closing the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve when the vacuum distillation tank reaches a certain vacuum degree, closing the vacuum pump of the distillation system, and finishing the secondary vacuum pumping; simultaneously, the vacuum distillation tank is heated, and the heating speed and the heating temperature need to be controlled so as to prevent the oil in the oil residue from being carbonized in time of evaporation; the heating is realized by a tank bottom heater at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank body, a stirrer heater in a stirrer blade and a discharge chute heater in a discharge chute, the tank bottom heater and the discharge chute heater are directly connected with a power supply, and the stirrer heater is connected with the power supply through a current collector;

the stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank body through a hollow shaft supported by two bearings and a thrust bearing, the current collector is positioned at one end of the hollow shaft, the current collector is used for leading current from the static vacuum distillation tank body into the hollow shaft of the rotating stirrer, a lead for connecting the current collector and the stirring heater passes through the hollow shaft of the stirrer, a heat insulation material is placed in the hollow shaft, and the heat insulation material is used for fixing the lead, isolating the lead from the hollow shaft and playing a role of sealing; the heating value of the heater is adjusted according to the temperature at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank body, the heating speed is controlled, carbonization of oil due to too high heating temperature which is not in time of evaporation is avoided, the temperature of the oil residue is measured by a thermocouple, the heating stage is ended when the temperature of the oil residue reaches the evaporation temperature of the oil, and the heat preservation stage is started; monitoring the pressure in the vacuum distillation tank and the temperature change of the oil residue in the heating process, starting a vacuum pump of a distillation system when the pressure in the tank is close to the normal pressure, opening a second electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve, sucking steam distilled from the vacuum distillation tank into a condenser, performing heat exchange between the steam and condensed water in the condenser, converting condensable gas into liquid, discharging the non-condensable gas from the system, conveying the non-condensable gas into a gas storage tank, closing the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve when the pressure of the system is close to the vacuum, and closing the vacuum pump of the distillation system;

high-temperature oil vapor evaporated in a vacuum distillation tank enters a filter through a pipeline, solid hybrid substances in the oil vapor are removed and then enter a condenser, condensable gas in the vapor is converted into liquid after cooling and enters an oil storage tank below the condenser, the pressure of the system is increased by the non-condensable gas, when the pressure of the system is increased to a certain pressure, a vacuum pump of the distillation system needs to be started, a second electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve are opened, the non-condensable gas is discharged from the system and sent into a gas storage tank, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are closed when the pressure of the system is close to vacuum, and the vacuum pump of the distillation system is closed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention can recycle the oil and metal powder in the waste oil residue, has no influence on the environment, and has the advantages of high processing speed, small occupied area, low cost and high production and processing capacity.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stainless steel grinding oily waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment device of the invention;

FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are different cross-sectional views of the pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 3(a) is a front view of a vacuum distillation retort of the present invention;

FIG. 3(b) is a partially enlarged schematic view of a vacuum distillation retort of the present invention;

FIG. 3(c) is a top view of a vacuum distillation retort of the present invention;

FIG. 3(d) is a partially enlarged schematic view of a vacuum distillation retort of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a retort lid of the vacuum retort of the present invention with a stirrer mounted on top.

Wherein, 1: storage bin, 2: vibrating feeder, 3: pulverizer, 4: vacuum distillation pot, 5: first electromagnetic valve, 6: a filter, 7: condenser, 8: second electromagnetic valve, 9: gas storage tank, 10: third electromagnetic valve, 11: fourth electromagnetic valve, 12: distillation system vacuum pump, 13: oil reservoir, 14: sealed storage tank, 15: receiving hopper, 16: waste oil cake, 3-1: grinder lid, 3-2: rotor, 3-3: crusher inlet, 3-4: moving rack, 3-5: first fixed rack, 3-6: wear-resistant lining plate, 3-7: pulverizer housing, 3-8: crusher outlet, 3-9: second fixed rack, 3-10: motor, 3-11: support bearing, 3-12: stent, 4-1: tank, 4-2: distiller cover, 4-3: sealing plug, 4-4: a feed inlet, 4-5: air inlet and outlet pipe, 4-6: stirrer, 4-7 stirrer heater, 4-8: tank bottom heater, 4-9: stirrer drive motor, 4-10: stirrer support bearing, 4-11: hollow shaft, 4-12: thrust bearing, 4-13: current collector, 4-14: thermal insulation material, 4-15: wire, 4-16: discharge port, 4-17: outlet sealing plug, 4-18: outlet gate valve, 4-19: discharge chute, 4-20: temperature thermocouple, 4-21: a blowpit heater.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.

The vacuum distillation method for treating the stainless steel grinding oily waste residue needs to solve 3 difficulties: (1) crushing the oil-containing residue cake; (2) the separated oil needs to be pure and pollution-free; (3) the separated slag can be conveniently taken out from the separation kettle. The separated oil and slag are valuable resources, the recovered oil can be recycled, and the slag can be used as a raw material for steelmaking.

The invention adopts the self-designed slag cake crushing equipment to crush the oil-containing slag cake into small particles, the crushed oil-containing slag mud is placed in a vacuum distillation tank, the vacuum distillation tank is vacuumized and heated, so that the oil in the waste slag is quickly evaporated in a vacuum state and enters a condenser for condensation to become clean oil to be recycled, and the treated oil-free slag is quickly taken out from a vacuum kettle through a special device. The small amount of residual flue gas that is not condensed is collected as fuel for the furnace combustion. The whole process has no influence on the environment.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stainless steel grinding oily waste residue cleaning and recycling treatment device of the invention; as shown in figure 1, the equipment for cleaning and recycling the stainless steel grinding oily waste residues comprises a feeding system, a vacuum distillation tank, a vacuumizing condensation system and a gas storage tank, wherein the feeding system is used for crushing a fibrous waste cake to be treated by a crusher and transferring the material to the vacuum distillation tank by a hoisting device; the vacuum distillation tank heats the oily waste residue to the temperature for evaporating the oil under vacuum, and the temperature is kept until the oil in the waste residue is completely evaporated; the vacuumizing condensation system condenses the oil vapor evaporated from the vacuum distillation tank into liquid oil and stores the condensed liquid oil in the oil storage tank; the gas storage tank stores a part of the combustible gas which can not be liquefied, and after the combustible gas is gathered to a certain amount, the combustible gas is guided to a place where fuel is needed to be used as the fuel.

The feeding system is shown in figure 1 and comprises a storage bin 1, a vibrating feeder 2, a crusher 3 and a receiving hopper 15, wherein a slag cake to be processed is placed into the storage bin 1, the vibrating feeder 2 controls the feeding speed and adds the slag cake into the crusher 3 according to a certain amount and sequence, the crusher 3 crushes the slag cake, the crushed oil slag enters the receiving hopper 15, and the material is transferred to the vacuum distillation tank 4 through a hoisting device. In the production process, in order to reduce the oil content of the waste residue, the waste oil residue is usually subjected to filter pressing treatment to reduce the oil content of the waste residue and form a residue cake, and the residue cake after filter pressing is hard and has certain toughness due to certain fiber components contained in the waste oil residue. In order to facilitate distillation and subsequent treatment, the slag cake is crushed. The structure of the crusher 3 is shown in fig. 2(a) and fig. 2(b), and comprises a crusher cover 3-1, a rotor 3-2, a crusher inlet 3-3, a moving rack 3-4, a first fixed rack 3-5, a wear-resistant lining plate 3-6, a crusher shell 3-7, a crusher outlet 3-8, a second fixed rack 3-9, a motor 3-10, a support bearing 3-11 and a support 3-12.

Specifically, the feeding process of the invention comprises the following steps: due to the special physical characteristics of the waste oil residues, the waste oil residues need to be crushed by a special crusher. Controlling the flow rate of the waste oil residue cake 16 entering the crusher 3 through the vibrating feeder 2, enabling the waste oil residue cake to enter the crusher inlet 3-3 in sequence, after the waste oil residue cake enters the crusher from the crusher inlet 3-3, tearing the waste oil residue cake by a movable rack 3-4 fixed on a rotor 3-2, enabling the torn oil residue to be driven by the movable rack 3-4 to meet a first fixed rack 3-5 arranged on a crusher cover 3-1, enabling the oil residue to be further crushed under the action of the movable rack 3-4 and the first fixed rack 3-5, determining the crushed degree of the oil residue through a gap between the movable rack 3-4 and the fixed rack 3-5, after the oil residue passes through the first fixed rack 3-5, enabling the crushed oil residue to fall into the crusher outlet 3-8 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, and enabling the oil residue adhered to the rotor 3-2 and still not to be separated after passing through the crusher outlet 3-8 to be installed The second fixed rack 3-9 on the shell 3-7 of the crusher intercepts, the rotor is driven by the motor 3-10, the rotor is supported by the supporting bearings 3-11 at the two ends, the wear-resistant lining plate 3-6 is arranged on the cover 3-1 of the crusher and the shell 3-7 of the crusher, the whole crusher is supported by the bracket 3-12, and the crushed waste oil residue enters the receiving hopper 15 through the outlet 3-8 of the crusher.

The vacuum distillation tank is a high-temperature-resistant tank body which can be sealed and vacuumized, and a heat-insulating layer is added on the outer side of the tank body, as shown in fig. 3(a) -3(d), the vacuum distillation tank comprises a tank body with an upper opening, a distillation cover with a charging opening, a charging opening sealing plug, a charging opening, an air inlet and outlet pipe, a stirrer heater, a tank body bottom heater, a stirrer driving motor, two stirrer supporting bearings, a hollow shaft, a thrust bearing, a current collector, a heat-insulating material, a lead, a sealed storage tank, a discharge opening, an outlet sealing plug, an outlet gate valve, a discharge chute, a temperature thermocouple and a discharge chute heater;

the vacuum distillation tank comprises a tank body 4-1 with an opening at the upper part, a distiller cover 4-2 with a feed inlet, a feed inlet sealing plug 4-3, a feed inlet 4-4, an air inlet and outlet pipe 4-5, a stirrer 4-6, a stirrer heater 4-7, a tank bottom heater 4-8, a stirrer driving motor 4-9, two stirrer supporting bearings 4-10, a hollow shaft 4-11, a thrust bearing 4-12, a current collector 4-13, a heat insulation material 4-14, a lead wire 4-15, a discharge port 4-16, an outlet sealing plug 4-17, an outlet gate valve 4-18, a discharge chute 4-19, a temperature thermocouple 4-20 and a discharge chute heater 4-21; in addition, each movable contact surface is provided with a sealing element, and the exposed surface is provided with a heat insulation layer. The vacuum distillation tank is used for facilitating logistics loading and unloading, heating the oil-containing waste residues to the temperature for evaporating oil under vacuum, and keeping the temperature until the oil in the waste residues is completely evaporated, and simultaneously preventing the oil in the waste residues from carbonizing and the elemental metal in the oil residues from oxidizing. It is also possible for the vacuum retort to have a stirrer 4-6 attached to the top retort lid 4-2 as shown in fig. 4.

The preparation work of a vacuumizing and condensing system is carried out while the oil residue is crushed, a charging opening sealing plug 4-3 is opened, an outlet gate valve 4-18 is closed, a discharging opening sealing plug 4-17 is installed, a stirrer driving motor 4-9 is started, a stirrer 4-6 is driven to rotate according to the direction shown in the drawing, the rotating direction is determined by the direction of a stirrer blade, after a receiving hopper 15 is filled, the receiving hopper is transported to the charging opening 4-4 of a vacuum distillation tank 4 by a hoisting device, the crushed waste oil residue is added into the vacuum distillation tank 4, then the waste oil residue is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank 4 by the stirrer 4-6, the charging is stopped when the material level in the vacuum distillation tank 4 reaches a set position, the receiving hopper 15 is removed, the charging opening sealing plug 4-3 is installed, and the charging process is completed. The reason for starting the stirrer before feeding is to reduce the starting resistance of the stirrer 4-6 and prevent it from being stuck.

The vacuumizing condensation system comprises a first electromagnetic valve 5, a filter 6, a condenser 7, a second electromagnetic valve 8, a third electromagnetic valve 10, a fourth electromagnetic valve 11, a distillation system vacuum pump 12 and an oil storage tank 13, oil vapor evaporated from the vacuum distillation tank is condensed into liquid oil, and the condensed liquid oil is stored in the oil storage tank;

the gas container 9 functions to store a part of non-liquefiable combustible gas, which is formed by pyrolysis during distillation, in the gas container 9, and to introduce the gas to a place where fuel is needed as fuel after accumulating a certain amount of the gas, which may pollute the environment if the gas is directly burned.

Specifically, the distillation and condensation process of the present invention: after the feeding process is finished, a distillation and condensation process is carried out, and the distillation and condensation process is divided into the following steps:

A. preparation before distillation: firstly, closing a first electromagnetic valve 5 (cutting off a nitrogen pipeline) and a fourth electromagnetic valve 11 (cutting off a pipeline entering a gas storage tank 9), opening a third electromagnetic valve 10, starting a distillation system vacuum pump 12, opening a second electromagnetic valve 8, carrying out first vacuumizing, discharging oxygen in the system out of a room through an evacuation pipeline, closing the second electromagnetic valve 8 after a certain vacuum degree is reached, closing the distillation system vacuum pump 12, and finishing the first vacuumizing; opening the first electromagnetic valve 5, filling nitrogen into the system through a nitrogen pipeline, closing the first electromagnetic valve 5 after the system is filled with the nitrogen, starting the vacuum pump 12 of the distillation system for the second time, opening the second electromagnetic valve 8, performing second vacuumizing, closing the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the third electromagnetic valve 10 when the vacuum distillation tank reaches a certain vacuum degree, closing the vacuum pump 12 of the distillation system, and finishing the second vacuumizing; the preparation is finished before distillation.

B. Heating and distilling: heating the vacuum distillation tank 4 while vacuumizing for the second time, wherein the heating speed and the heating temperature need to be controlled so as to prevent the oil in the oil residue from being carbonized due to too much evaporation; the heating is realized by a tank bottom heater 4-8 at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank 4-1, a stirrer heater 4-7 in a stirrer blade 4-6 sheet and a discharge chute heater 4-21 in a discharge chute 4-19, the tank bottom heater 4-8 and the discharge chute heater 4-21 are directly connected with a power supply, and the stirrer heater 4-7 is connected with the power supply through a current collector 4-13. Because the material is heated in a vacuum state, the heat exchange mode of the material is mainly dependent on conduction, and the heating speed is determined by the contact area of the heated object and the heat source, so the increase of the stirrer heater 4-7 is mainly to increase the heating area.

The stirrer 4-6 is installed at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank 4-1 through a hollow shaft 4-11 supported by two stirrer support bearings 4-10 and a thrust bearing 4-12, the current collector 4-13 is positioned at one end of the hollow shaft 4-11, the current collector 4-13 is used for leading current from the static vacuum distillation tank 4-1 to the hollow shaft 4-11 of the rotary stirrer 4-6, a lead for connecting the current collector 4-13 and the stirring heater 4-7 passes through the hollow shaft 4-11 of the stirrer, the hollow shaft 4-11 is internally provided with heat insulation materials 4-14, and the heat insulation materials 4-14 are used for fixing the lead 4-15, isolating the lead 4-15 from the hollow shaft 4-11 and simultaneously playing a role of sealing; the heating value of the heater is adjusted according to the temperature at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank body 4-1, the heating speed is controlled, carbonization caused by that oil is not in time to evaporate due to too high heating temperature is avoided, the temperature of the oil residue is measured by a thermocouple 4-20, the heating stage is ended when the temperature of the oil residue reaches the evaporation temperature of the oil, and the heat preservation stage is started; monitoring the pressure in the vacuum distillation tank 4 and the temperature change of the oil residue, starting a distillation system vacuum pump 12 when the pressure in the tank is close to the normal pressure, opening a second electromagnetic valve 8 and a fourth electromagnetic valve 11, sucking steam distilled from the vacuum distillation tank 4 into a condenser 7, performing heat exchange between the steam and condensed water in the condenser 7, changing condensable gas into liquid, discharging the non-condensable gas from the system, conveying the non-condensable gas into a gas storage tank 9, closing the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 when the pressure of the system is close to the vacuum, and closing the distillation system vacuum pump 12; in the process of vacuumizing, the oil evaporation speed in the oil residue is accelerated, so that the temperature of the oil residue is reduced, and the change of the oil content can be known by monitoring the change of the temperature of the oil residue in the process of vacuumizing. The above steps are circulated for many times until the temperature of the oil residue is not reduced during vacuum pumping, which indicates that the oil in the oil residue is completely evaporated, and the distillation and heating are stopped;

C. condensation: high-temperature oil vapor evaporated in the vacuum distillation tank 4 enters the filter 6 through a pipeline, the high-temperature oil vapor enters the condenser 7 after solid impurities in the oil vapor are removed, condensable gas in the vapor is converted into liquid after cooling, the liquid enters the oil storage tank 13 below the condenser 7, the pressure of the system is increased by the non-condensable gas, when the system pressure is increased to a certain pressure, the vacuum pump 12 of the distillation system needs to be started, the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 are opened, the non-condensable gas is discharged from the system and is sent into the gas storage tank 9, the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 are closed when the system pressure is close to vacuum, and the vacuum pump 12 of the distillation system is closed. When the combustible gas in the gas storage tank 9 reaches a certain amount, the combustible gas is guided to the place needing the combustible gas.

The discharging process of the invention comprises the following steps: in the process of vacuumizing the system, if the temperature change of the oil residue is in a specified range, the oil content of the oil residue is in accordance with the requirement, the system enters a discharging stage, the system is vacuumized, the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 11 are closed, the vacuum pump 12 of the distillation system is closed, then the first electromagnetic valve 5 is opened to charge nitrogen into the system, the nitrogen is charged for preventing residual oil steam in the vacuum distillation tank from being burnt after encountering oxygen and preventing metal components in the oil residue from being oxidized, the outlet sealing plug 4-17 of the vacuum distillation tank 4 is opened after the pressure in the vacuum distillation tank 4 is balanced with the outside, the sealed storage tank 14 is connected with the discharge port 4-16 of the vacuum distillation tank 4, then the outlet gate valve 4-18 is opened, the distilled oil residue in the discharge chute 4-19 flows into the sealed storage tank 14, the oil residue in the vacuum distillation tank 4 continuously enters the discharge chute 4-19 under the action of the stirrer 4-6, the material in the blowpit falls into sealed storage tank at first, and the material of retort bottom gets into the blowpit under the effect of agitator in succession, and after sealed storage tank 14 was filled up, breaks away from it with vacuum distillation jar 4 to seal with special sealed lid, prevent that oxygen from getting into, make the metallic element under the high temperature state oxidize, then place aside, let its natural cooling, also can use wind or water to accelerate the cooling if needs. And after the discharging is finished, closing the outlet gate valve 4-18, closing the outlet sealing plug 4-17 and entering the next cycle.

The invention determines the start-up and stop time of the positive pumping system and the time for finishing the distillation process according to the change of the vacuum degree and the temperature in the vacuum distillation tank.

The whole process of the distillation of the oil residue is carried out under the protective atmosphere or vacuum, firstly, the safety is ensured, secondly, the metallic elements in the oil residue are protected from being oxidized, and the effect of the sealed material storage tank 14 is also under the condition, so that the materials can be cooled under the protective atmosphere, and the vacuum distillation tank is not occupied for a long time.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (2)

1. The equipment for cleaning and recycling the oily waste residues in the grinding of the stainless steel is characterized by comprising a feeding system, a vacuum distillation tank, a vacuumizing and condensing system and a gas storage tank, wherein the feeding system is used for crushing fibrous slag cakes needing to be crushed by a crusher and transferring the materials into the vacuum distillation tank through hoisting equipment; the vacuum distillation tank heats the oily waste residue to the temperature for evaporating the oil under vacuum, and the temperature is kept until the oil in the waste residue is completely evaporated; the vacuumizing condensation system condenses the oil vapor evaporated from the vacuum distillation tank into liquid oil and stores the condensed liquid oil in the oil storage tank; the gas storage tank stores a part of combustible gas which cannot be liquefied, and after the combustible gas is gathered to a certain amount, the combustible gas is guided to a place where fuel is needed to be used as fuel;

the feeding system comprises a storage bin, a vibrating feeder, a crusher and a receiving hopper, the slag cake to be processed is placed in the storage bin, the vibrating feeder is positioned below the storage bin, the feeding speed is controlled, the slag cake is added into the crusher according to a certain amount and a certain sequence, the crusher crushes the slag cake, and the crushed oil slag enters the receiving hopper;

the crusher comprises a crusher cover, a rotor, a crusher inlet, a movable rack, a first fixed rack, a wear-resistant lining plate, a crusher shell, a crusher outlet, a second fixed rack, a motor, a support bearing and a support;

controlling the flow rate of the waste oil residue cake to the crusher through the vibration feeder, enabling the waste oil residue cake to enter the crusher inlet in sequence, enabling the waste oil residue cake to be further crushed after entering the crusher from the crusher inlet and to be torn by a movable rack fixed on a rotor, enabling the torn oil residue to be driven by the movable rack to meet a first fixed rack arranged on a crusher cover, enabling the oil residue to be further crushed under the action of the movable rack and the first fixed rack, determining the crushing degree of the oil residue through a gap between the movable rack and the fixed rack, enabling the crushed oil residue to fall into the crusher outlet under the action of gravity and centrifugal force after passing through the first fixed rack, enabling the oil residue adhered to the rotor after passing through the crusher outlet and still not separated to be installed on a second fixed rack arranged on the crusher shell, enabling the rotor to be intercepted by a motor, enabling the rotor to be supported by supporting bearings at two ends, and installing wear-resistant lining plates on the crusher cover and the crusher shell, the whole pulverizer is supported by a bracket, and the pulverized waste oil residues enter a receiving hopper through an outlet of the pulverizer;

the vacuumizing condensation system comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a filter, a condenser, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a distillation system vacuum pump and an oil storage tank, oil vapor evaporated from the vacuum distillation tank is condensed into liquid oil, and the condensed liquid oil is stored in the oil storage tank;

firstly, closing a first electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve, opening a third electromagnetic valve, starting a distillation system vacuum pump, opening a second electromagnetic valve, carrying out primary vacuum pumping, discharging oxygen in the system out of a room through an evacuation pipeline, closing the second electromagnetic valve after a certain vacuum degree is reached, closing the distillation system vacuum pump, and finishing the primary vacuum pumping; opening the first electromagnetic valve, filling nitrogen into the system through a nitrogen pipeline, closing the first electromagnetic valve after the system is filled with the nitrogen, starting the vacuum pump of the distillation system for the second time, opening the second electromagnetic valve, performing secondary vacuum pumping, closing the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve when the vacuum distillation tank reaches a certain vacuum degree, closing the vacuum pump of the distillation system, and finishing the secondary vacuum pumping; simultaneously, the vacuum distillation tank is heated, and the heating speed and the heating temperature need to be controlled so as to prevent the oil in the oil residue from being carbonized in time of evaporation; the heating is realized by a tank bottom heater at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank body, a stirrer heater in a stirrer blade and a heater in the discharge chute, the tank bottom heater and the discharge chute heater are directly connected with a power supply, and the stirrer heater is connected with the power supply through a current collector;

the stirrer is arranged at the bottom or the top cover of the vacuum distillation tank body through a hollow shaft supported by two bearings and a thrust bearing, the current collector is positioned at one end of the hollow shaft, the current collector is used for leading current from the static vacuum distillation tank body into the hollow shaft of the rotating stirrer, a lead for connecting the current collector and the stirring heater passes through the hollow shaft of the stirrer, heat insulation materials are placed in the hollow shaft, and the heat insulation materials are used for fixing the lead, isolating the lead from the hollow shaft and simultaneously playing a role in sealing; the heating value of the heater is adjusted according to the temperature at the bottom of the vacuum distillation tank body, the heating speed is controlled, carbonization caused by that oil is not in time to evaporate due to too high heating speed is avoided, the temperature of the oil residue is measured by a thermocouple, the heating stage is ended when the temperature of the oil residue reaches the evaporation temperature of the oil, and the heat preservation stage is started; monitoring the pressure in the vacuum distillation tank and the temperature change of the oil residue in the heating process, starting a vacuum pump of a distillation system when the pressure in the tank is close to the normal pressure, opening a second electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve, sucking steam distilled from the vacuum distillation tank into a condenser, performing heat exchange between the steam and condensed water in the condenser, converting condensable gas into liquid, discharging the non-condensable gas from the system, conveying the non-condensable gas into a gas storage tank, closing the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve when the pressure of the system is close to the vacuum, and closing the vacuum pump of the distillation system;

high-temperature oil vapor evaporated in the vacuum distillation tank enters a filter through a pipeline, solid impurities in the oil vapor are removed and then enter a condenser, condensable gas in the vapor is converted into liquid after cooling and enters an oil storage tank below the condenser, the uncondensable gas enables the pressure of the system to rise, when the pressure of the system rises to a certain pressure, a vacuum pump of the distillation system needs to be started, a second electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve are opened, the uncondensable gas is discharged from the system and sent into a gas storage tank, when the pressure of the system is close to vacuum, the second electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are closed, and the vacuum pump of the distillation system is closed.

2. The stainless steel grinding oily waste residue cleaning and resource treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum distillation tank comprises a tank body with an upper opening, a distillation cover with a charging opening, a charging opening sealing plug, a charging opening, an air inlet and outlet pipe, a stirrer heater, a tank body bottom heater, a stirrer driving motor, two stirrer supporting bearings, a hollow shaft, a thrust bearing, a current collector, a heat insulation material, a lead, a sealed storage tank, a discharge opening, an outlet sealing plug, an outlet gate valve, a discharge chute, a temperature thermocouple and a discharge chute heater;

opening the charge door sealing plug, closing export gate valve, loading discharge gate sealing plug, starting agitator driving motor, the drive agitator rotates, and the rotation direction is decided by the incline direction of the blade of agitator, will add in the vacuum distillation jar through kibbling waste oil sediment, then by agitator evenly distributed in the bottom of vacuum distillation jar, stops reinforced when the material level reaches the settlement position in the vacuum distillation jar, installs the charge door sealing plug, accomplishes reinforced process.

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