CN115401053A - Device system for removing oil from oily waste metal slag and oil removing method thereof - Google Patents

Device system for removing oil from oily waste metal slag and oil removing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115401053A
CN115401053A CN202211040382.1A CN202211040382A CN115401053A CN 115401053 A CN115401053 A CN 115401053A CN 202211040382 A CN202211040382 A CN 202211040382A CN 115401053 A CN115401053 A CN 115401053A
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China
Prior art keywords
unit
oil
discharging
recovery
grease
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CN202211040382.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李会泉
曲景奎
余志辉
石垚
沈涛
李浪峰
韩艺娇
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Tongling Dingsheng Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Tongling Dingsheng Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Priority to CN202211040382.1A priority Critical patent/CN115401053A/en
Publication of CN115401053A publication Critical patent/CN115401053A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/005Preliminary treatment of scrap
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a device system for removing oil from oily waste metal slag and an oil removing method thereof, wherein the device system comprises a feeding unit, an oil removing unit, an oil recovery unit, an air supply unit and a discharging unit; the feeding unit, the oil removing unit and the discharging unit are sequentially connected; the grease recovery unit is connected to the air outlet of the oil removal unit; the air supply unit is connected to an air inlet of the oil removal unit; the oil removing unit is used for removing oil from the oily waste metal slag under the vacuum decompression condition; the grease recovery unit is used for carrying out graded recovery on grease in a step cooling mode. The device system provided by the invention improves the oil removal efficiency and the comprehensive metal recovery rate, avoids the oxidation and carbon deposition of waste and impurity metals at high temperature, reduces the energy consumption and the operation cost, and finally realizes large-scale and batch production.

Description

Device system for removing oil from oily waste metal slag and oil removing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal resource recycling, relates to an oil removing method of oily waste and miscellaneous metal residues, and particularly relates to a device system for removing oil from oily waste and miscellaneous metal residues and an oil removing method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of global industry, the demand of metal raw materials such as copper, iron, aluminum and the like is increased year by year, and the contradiction between supply and demand is more and more prominent. At present, the supply of ore raw materials is increasingly tense, the energy consumption for extracting metal resources from raw ores is large, the environmental pollution is serious, and more enterprises are looking to the reuse of the metal resources.
The oil-containing metal scraps are solid wastes generated in the processing process of metal materials, particularly metal chips generated in the cutting process, contain a large amount of metal resources, but are doped with a large amount of cutting oil, and cannot be directly used for preparing metal products as raw materials.
At present, oil removal aiming at oil-containing waste and mixed metal is mainly divided into a wet process and a dry process. Wherein, wet washing can generate a large amount of organic wastewater, which is easy to cause pollution; the dry direct pyrolysis process can generate a large amount of pollutants such as dioxin, and serious waste of oil resources and environmental pollution are caused. In addition, a centrifugal deoiling process has the problem of incomplete deoiling, and needs to be combined with other processes. In addition, the existing vacuum drying system has the defects of low drying efficiency, poor effect, easy metal oxidation, reduction of the overall metal recovery rate and the like, and cannot be used for removing the oil stain from the oil-containing waste and miscellaneous metal.
US 4141373A discloses a method for removing oil from metal debris comprising the steps of: (1) introducing an oil-containing crumb into the sealable chamber; (2) evacuating the chamber; (3) After evacuation, introducing an inert gas into the chamber to flush the air chamber; (4) Heating the inert gas within the chamber until the scrap metal is raised to a selected temperature; (5) Reducing the pressure within the chamber by drawing a chamber atmosphere comprising a mixture of inert gas and vaporized oil after the metal reaches a set temperature; (6) The inert gas is continuously introduced into the chamber while the atmosphere in the chamber is evacuated. However, the invention has high heating temperature to the metal, which easily causes the grease on the surface of the metal to be pyrolyzed to generate carbon deposit and harmful gas, and the obtained vaporized oil is not fully reused, and meanwhile, the whole process needs manual operation, the oil removing efficiency is low, and even certain safety risk exists.
Therefore, how to provide the oil removing method of the oily waste and impurity metal slag can improve the oil removing efficiency and the comprehensive metal recovery rate, avoid the oxidation and carbon deposition of the waste and impurity metal at high temperature, reduce the energy consumption and the operation cost, finally realize the large-scale and mass production, and become the problems to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device system for removing oil from oily waste and impurity metal slag and an oil removing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an apparatus system for removing oil from oily waste metal slag, which comprises a feeding unit, an oil removing unit, an oil recovery unit, an air supply unit and a discharging unit.
The feeding unit, the oil removing unit and the discharging unit are connected in sequence.
The grease recovery unit is connected to the gas outlet of the oil removal unit.
The air supply unit is connected to an air inlet of the oil removal unit.
The oil removing unit is used for removing oil from the oily waste metal slag under the vacuum decompression condition.
The grease recovery unit is used for carrying out graded recovery on grease in a step cooling mode.
The device system provided by the invention adopts a vacuum pressure reduction oil removal technology, so that the direct evaporation of the grease at a lower temperature is realized, and the high-temperature decomposition of the grease and the high-temperature oxidation of metal are avoided; meanwhile, different grades of grease are recovered by adopting a step cooling mode, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency, low pollution, low production cost and the like.
Preferably, the feeding unit comprises a feeding conveyor.
Preferably, the oil removal unit comprises a vacuum dryer.
Preferably, the vacuum dryer is sequentially provided with a temperature display controller, a combustible gas detector and a pressure display controller.
Preferably, the grease recovery unit comprises at least 2 stages of condensers, a steam-water separator and a vacuum pump connected in sequence, and the 1 st stage of condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the oil removal unit, for example, the condenser can be 2, 3, 4 or 5 stages, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the at least 2 stages of condensers are connected in series with each other for fractional recovery of grease.
Preferably, the air supply unit includes nitrogen generator and nitrogen buffer tank that connects gradually, just the nitrogen buffer tank is connected in the air inlet of deoiling unit.
Preferably, the discharging unit comprises a discharging buffer tank and a discharging conveyor which are sequentially connected, and the discharging buffer tank is connected to a discharging port of the oil removing unit.
Preferably, the air inlet of the discharging buffer tank is connected with the air supply unit.
Preferably, the air outlet of the discharging buffer tank is connected to the air inlet of the oil removing unit.
According to the invention, nitrogen of the gas supply unit enters the oil removal unit through the discharge buffer tank, so that on one hand, the high-temperature oxidation of the scrap metal in the discharge buffer tank is avoided, and the oil stain on the surface of the scrap metal is further removed; on the other hand, the nitrogen is preheated to a certain degree, the temperature reduction of the waste and impurity metal is accelerated, and the heat consumption is reduced.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for removing oil from oil-containing scrap metal residue using the apparatus system according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Conveying the oily waste metal slag to an oil removal unit by using a feeding unit;
(2) Starting a heating program of the oil removal unit, and starting the oil recovery unit to recover and vacuumize the atmosphere obtained by the oil removal unit;
(3) Stopping heating and vacuumizing after the combustible gas amount in the oil removing unit is reduced to a set range;
(4) Protective gas is filled into the oil removal unit by using the gas supply unit;
(5) And after the oil content of the waste and impurity metal slag is reduced to a set lower limit, starting the discharging unit to output the waste and impurity metal slag in the oil removing unit.
Wherein, the steps (1) to (5) are circularly carried out in the oil removing process.
Preferably, the step (2) is also accompanied with temperature detection, combustible gas detection and pressure detection of the inside of the oil removal unit.
Preferably, the protective gas of step (4) comprises nitrogen.
Preferably, the step (5) is also accompanied by filling the discharging buffer tank and the oil removing unit with protective gas by using the gas supply unit.
Preferably, the discharging unit in the step (5) is used for carrying out weight monitoring on the scrap metal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device system provided by the invention adopts a vacuum pressure reduction oil removal technology, so that the direct evaporation of the grease at a lower temperature is realized, and the high-temperature decomposition of the grease and the high-temperature oxidation of metal are avoided; meanwhile, different grades of grease are recovered by adopting a step cooling mode, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency, low pollution, low production cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system of the device for removing oil from oily waste metal residues.
Wherein: 1-a feed unit (feed conveyor); 2-a vacuum drier; 3-a discharge buffer tank; 4-a discharging conveyor; 5-a nitrogen buffer tank; 6-nitrogen making machine; 7-a condenser; 8-a steam-water separator; 9-a vacuum pump; 10-temperature display control instrument; 11-a combustible gas detector; 12-pressure display control instrument; 13. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19-control valves; 20-an oil removal unit; 30-a grease recovery unit; 40-an air supply unit; 50-a discharge unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an apparatus system for removing oil from oily waste metal residues, which comprises a feeding unit 1, an oil removing unit 20, an oil recovery unit 30, an air supply unit 40 and a discharging unit 50, as shown in fig. 1. The feeding unit 1, the oil removing unit 20 and the discharging unit 50 are connected in sequence; the grease recovery unit 30 is connected to the air outlet of the oil removal unit 20; the air supply unit 40 is connected to an air inlet of the oil removal unit 20; the oil removing unit 20 is used for removing oil from the oil-containing waste metal slag under the vacuum decompression condition; the grease recovery unit 30 performs graded recovery on grease by adopting a step cooling mode.
In this embodiment, the feeding unit 1 is a feeding conveyor; the oil removing unit 20 is a vacuum drier 2, and a temperature display controller 10, a combustible gas detector 11 and a pressure display controller 12 are sequentially arranged on the vacuum drier 2; the grease recovery unit 30 comprises a 3-stage condenser 7, a steam-water separator 8 and a vacuum pump 9 which are sequentially connected, the 1 st-stage condenser 7 is connected to an air outlet of the oil removal unit 20, and the 3-stage condensers 7 are mutually connected in series and are used for grading recovery of grease; the gas supply unit 40 comprises a nitrogen making machine 6 and a nitrogen buffer tank 5 which are sequentially connected, and the nitrogen buffer tank 5 is connected with the gas inlet of the oil removal unit 20; discharge unit 50 is including the ejection of compact buffer tank 3 and the discharge conveyor 4 that connect gradually, just ejection of compact buffer tank 3 is connected in the discharge gate of deoiling unit 20, the air inlet of ejection of compact buffer tank 3 is connected in air supply unit 40, the air outlet of ejection of compact buffer tank 3 is connected in the air inlet of deoiling unit 20.
Application example 1
The device system provided by the application example 1 is used for removing oil from the oily waste metal slag, and the specific working flow is as follows:
(1) Conveying the waste metal slag with certain oil content to a vacuum drier 2 by a feeding conveyor 1, simultaneously starting a stirring device of the vacuum drier 2, stopping conveying the materials when the materials are loaded to meet the set requirement, and closing a feeding valve 19;
(2) Starting a heat conduction oil furnace for heating, pumping heat conduction oil into a rotating shaft hollow center of an outer wall cavity of the vacuum drier 2 after heating to a set temperature, starting heating, and starting a condenser 7 and a vacuum pump 9 at the same time;
(3) When the vacuum degree reaches the designated temperature, the vacuum dryer 2 is maintained at a constant temperature, and the vacuum pumping valve 13 and the inflation valves 14, 17 and 18 are adjusted by the pressure display controller 12 at regular intervals, so that the pressure in the vacuum dryer 2 is subjected to pulse fluctuation within a certain range;
(4) Detecting the amount of combustible gas in the vacuum dryer 2 by a combustible gas detector 11, stopping heating and vacuumizing after the amount of combustible gas is reduced to a set range, and introducing a certain amount of nitrogen into the vacuum dryer 2 to enable the pressure in the vacuum dryer 2 to be close to the normal pressure level;
(5) Opening the air inlet valves 14 and 16, closing the air inlet valve 17 and the vacuum pumping valve 13 to balance the pressure of the vacuum dryer 2 and the discharge buffer tank 3, and opening the discharge valve 15 of the vacuum dryer 2 to start discharging;
(6) After the metal material in the vacuum dryer 2 is discharged, closing the discharge valve 15 of the vacuum dryer 2, and repeating the steps (1) - (5) to start the next round of oil removal operation;
(7) In the second oil removing process in the step (6), the nitrogen gas produced by the nitrogen generator 6 enters the vacuum dryer 2 through the nitrogen buffer tank 5, the valve 18, the discharging buffer tank 3, the valve 16, the valve 14 and the pipeline where the valve is located;
(8) After the temperature of the waste metal slag in the discharging buffer tank 3 is reduced to a certain temperature, the waste metal slag is conveyed to a designated position through a discharging conveyor 4; meanwhile, nitrogen produced by the nitrogen producing machine 6 enters the vacuum drier 2 through the nitrogen buffer tank 5, the valve 18, the valve 17, the valve 14 and the pipeline where the valves are located.
Therefore, the device system provided by the invention adopts a vacuum pressure reduction oil removal technology, realizes direct evaporation of grease at a lower temperature, and avoids high-temperature decomposition of grease and high-temperature oxidation of metal; meanwhile, different grades of grease are recovered by adopting a cascade cooling mode, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency, low pollution, low production cost and the like.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein fall within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The device system for removing oil from the oily waste metal slag is characterized by comprising a feeding unit, an oil removing unit, an oil recovery unit, an air supply unit and a discharging unit;
the feeding unit, the oil removing unit and the discharging unit are connected in sequence;
the grease recovery unit is connected to the air outlet of the oil removal unit;
the air supply unit is connected to an air inlet of the oil removal unit;
the oil removing unit is used for removing oil from the oily waste metal slag under the vacuum decompression condition;
the grease recovery unit is used for carrying out graded recovery on grease in a step cooling mode.
2. The apparatus system of claim 1, wherein the feed unit comprises a feed conveyor;
preferably, the oil removing unit comprises a vacuum dryer;
preferably, the vacuum dryer is sequentially provided with a temperature display controller, a combustible gas detector and a pressure display controller.
3. The device system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the grease recovery unit comprises at least a 2-stage condenser, a steam-water separator and a vacuum pump which are connected in sequence, and the 1 st-stage condenser is connected to an air outlet of the grease removal unit;
preferably, the at least 2-stage condensers are connected in series with each other for fractional recovery of grease.
4. The apparatus system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas supply unit comprises a nitrogen generator and a nitrogen buffer tank connected in series, and the nitrogen buffer tank is connected to a gas inlet of the oil removal unit.
5. The apparatus system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the discharging unit comprises a discharging buffer tank and a discharging conveyor which are connected in sequence, and the discharging buffer tank is connected to a discharging port of the oil removing unit;
preferably, the air inlet of the discharging buffer tank is connected with an air supply unit;
preferably, the air outlet of the discharging buffer tank is connected to the air inlet of the oil removing unit.
6. A method for degreasing oily scrap metal residue using the system of devices according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) Conveying the oily waste metal slag to an oil removal unit by using a feeding unit;
(2) Starting a heating program of the oil removing unit, and starting the oil recovery unit to carry out oil recovery and vacuum pumping on the atmosphere obtained by the oil removing unit;
(3) Stopping heating and vacuumizing after the combustible gas amount in the oil removing unit is reduced to a set range;
(4) Protective gas is filled into the oil removal unit by using the gas supply unit;
(5) After the oil content of the waste and impurity metal slag is reduced to a set lower limit, starting a discharging unit to output the waste and impurity metal slag in the oil removing unit;
wherein, the steps (1) to (5) are circularly carried out in the oil removing process.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step (2) is further accompanied by temperature detection, combustible gas detection and pressure detection of the inside of the oil removing unit.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the protective gas of step (4) comprises nitrogen.
9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the step (5) is further accompanied by filling the inside of the discharge buffer tank and the oil removal unit with a protective gas by means of a gas supply unit.
10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the tapping unit of step (5) also performs weight monitoring of scrap metal.
CN202211040382.1A 2022-08-29 2022-08-29 Device system for removing oil from oily waste metal slag and oil removing method thereof Pending CN115401053A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105214442A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-01-06 马军 A kind of new and effective recovery system for organic solvent
CN105817461A (en) * 2016-03-23 2016-08-03 中山大学 High-added-value resource utilization device for waste circuit board electronic components
CN109423319A (en) * 2017-08-21 2019-03-05 上海宝信软件股份有限公司 Stainless-steel grinding oily waste residue cleans recycling treatment equipment
CN111320999A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-23 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Tar component separation system and method combining fractional condensation and rectification
CN112980492A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-06-18 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 A multistage oil gas condensation recovery system for oiliness mud pyrolysis tail gas

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105214442A (en) * 2015-10-26 2016-01-06 马军 A kind of new and effective recovery system for organic solvent
CN105817461A (en) * 2016-03-23 2016-08-03 中山大学 High-added-value resource utilization device for waste circuit board electronic components
CN109423319A (en) * 2017-08-21 2019-03-05 上海宝信软件股份有限公司 Stainless-steel grinding oily waste residue cleans recycling treatment equipment
CN111320999A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-23 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Tar component separation system and method combining fractional condensation and rectification
CN112980492A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-06-18 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 A multistage oil gas condensation recovery system for oiliness mud pyrolysis tail gas

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