CN109401032A - 一种保温橡塑发泡材料 - Google Patents
一种保温橡塑发泡材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical group ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- YLFBFPXKTIQSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CO[P+](=O)OC YLFBFPXKTIQSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- ACTAPAGNZPZLEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(tripropyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](Cl)(CCC)CCC ACTAPAGNZPZLEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PDNUHAXBKKDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-diethyl-methylsilane Chemical compound CC[Si](C)(Cl)CC PDNUHAXBKKDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HXVPUKPVLPTVCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-dimethyl-propylsilane Chemical compound CCC[Si](C)(C)Cl HXVPUKPVLPTVCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AVDUEHWPPXIAEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-ethyl-dimethylsilane Chemical compound CC[Si](C)(C)Cl AVDUEHWPPXIAEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
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- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 229920006602 NBR/PVC Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供的一种保温橡塑发泡材料,至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR、EVA、PVC、无卤阻燃剂、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩、聚乙二醇、三氧化二锑、氧化石蜡、三聚磷酸钠、硅酸钠、二辛脂、四异氰酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、三元乙丙橡胶、发泡剂、膨胀型隔热材料。本发明还提供了上述保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法。该保温橡塑发泡材料通过添加聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,大大提高了其对温度的调节性能,保证了内部的基本恒温。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域,特别涉及一种保温橡塑发泡材料。
背景技术
随着能源消耗的日益增加,有效利用能源和节约能源已经成为全人类关注的最重要问题之一。自20世纪90年代以来,我国出台《节能法》并制定了一系列节能法规,对节能提出了具体的标准和要求。传统的建筑保温材料,以泡沫材料为主要、再加上粘合剂之类,其不足之处在于,强度较低,不抗压,抗冲压能力小、易老化,不耐用,综合成本高。
保温材料一般是指导热系数小于或等于0.2的材料,保温材料发展很快,在工业和建筑中采用良好的保温技术与材料往往可以起到事半功倍的效果。保温材料具有密度小、柔韧性高、防水等特性,可收集多余热量,随意性好,无空腔,可避免负风压撕裂和脱落。保温材料一般分为无机类和有机类两种。有机类保温材料主要有聚氨酯泡沫、聚苯板、酚醛泡沫等。无机保温材料主要集中在气凝胶毡、玻璃棉、岩棉、膨胀珍珠岩、微纳隔热板等具有一定保温效果的材料,能够达到A级防火。
橡塑(NBR/PVC)保温材料以耐磨、耐热及阻燃性能优异的丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯等为主要原料,加入发泡剂经过密炼、发泡而成,系含有大量微小独立气泡的柔性泡沫绝热材料。可广泛用于中央空调、建筑、化工、医药、轻纺、冶金、船舶、电气等领域各类冷热介质管道、容器保温,能达到降低冷、热损耗的优良效果,亦可加工制作健身器材、医疗器械及日用品的把套、护套等。
现有技术中,中央空调的通风管、冷却塔、冷冻房以及设备等都需要保温。不仅如此,在一些宾馆、会议室、高档办公室需要在地毯下铺垫一些软垫,但现有的除了泡沫垫之外,基本上都是较硬的橡塑垫,保温效果不好。
发明内容
技术问题:为了解决现有技术的缺陷,本发明提供了一种保温橡塑发泡材料。
技术方案:本发明提供的一种保温橡塑发泡材料,至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 5-15份、EVA 10-15份、PVC 5-10份、无卤阻燃剂5-15份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球5-15份、空心微球4-8份、膨胀珍珠岩6-8份、聚乙二醇1-2份、三氧化二锑1-2份、氧化石蜡5-8份、三聚磷酸钠1-5份、硅酸钠1-5份、二辛脂1-2份、四异氰酸酯5-15份、丙烯酸丁酯5-15份、三元乙丙橡胶5-8份、发泡剂4-6份、膨胀型隔热材料5-15份;所述膨胀型隔热材料的结构如式(I)所示:
式中,n为460-990之间的整数;R为烷基。
优选地,保温橡塑发泡材料,至少由以下重量份的组份制成:至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 10份、EVA 5份、PVC 7份、无卤阻燃剂10份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球10份、空心微球6份、膨胀珍珠岩7份、聚乙二醇1.5份、三氧化二锑1.5份、氧化石蜡7份、三聚磷酸钠3份、硅酸钠3份、二辛脂1.5份、四异氰酸酯10份、丙烯酸丁酯10份、三元乙丙橡胶7份、发泡剂5份、膨胀型隔热材料10份。
优选地,所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分:SiO2 50-90份,Al2O3:10-50份,K2O:5-10份,CaO 1-10份,B2O3 1-12份。
优选地,所述聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯包裹石蜡相变微球。
本发明还提供了上述保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)膨胀型隔热阻燃材料的制备:在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;在惰性气体的保护、350~400℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在催化剂作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶(1~1.2);
(2)聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球的制备:将聚合物加热溶解于溶剂中,再加入乳化剂和熔化的石蜡,采用乳化机乳化,制得石蜡-聚合物乳液;将聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠溶解于水中,加入甲醇,升温至80~90℃,制得沉淀水溶液;将石蜡-聚合物乳液滴加入沉淀水溶液中,搅拌,冷却,离心,过滤,即得聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球;
(3)保温橡塑发泡材料的制备:将NBR、EVA、PVC投入密炼机进行高温密炼,温度为150~160℃,时间为8~12min;降温至90-110℃,恒温条件下,再加入无卤阻燃剂、聚乙二醇、三氧化二锑、防护蜡、氧化石蜡、三聚磷酸钠、硅酸钠、二辛脂、四异氰酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、三元乙丙橡胶,混炼10-20min,出料至发泡炉内,加入发泡剂、膨胀型隔热材料、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,130-150℃下发泡15-45min;冷却,即得。
步骤(1)中,所述氯硅烷选自三甲基氯硅烷、三乙基氯硅烷、三丙基氯硅烷、二甲基乙基氯硅烷、二甲基丙基氯硅烷和二乙基甲基氯硅烷。
步骤(1)中,所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶(3~4)。
步骤(1)中,膦酸二甲酯与氯硅烷反应的溶剂选自二氯甲烷、氯仿和丙酮。
步骤(1)中,催化剂选自无水氯化镁、磷酸三苯酯、三乙胺中的一种或几种。
有益效果:本发明提供的保温橡塑发泡材料通过添加聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,大大提高了其对温度的调节性能,保证了内部的基本恒温。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作出进一步说明。
下面对本发明作出进一步说明。
实施例1
膨胀型阻燃材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,反应的溶剂为二氯甲烷,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;所述氯硅烷为三甲基氯硅烷;所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶3.5;
(2)在惰性气体的保护、370℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在无水氯化镁作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶1.1。
水洗、烘干和粉碎,即得所述阻燃材料,聚合度750,1%的热失重分解温度为247.6℃。
实施例2
膨胀型阻燃材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,反应的溶剂为二氯甲烷,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;所述氯硅烷为三乙基氯硅烷;所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶3;
(2)在惰性气体的保护、350℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在无水氯化镁作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶1.1.。
水洗、烘干和粉碎,即得所述阻燃材料,聚合度990,1%的热失重分解温度为235.7℃。
实施例3
膨胀型阻燃材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,反应的溶剂为氯仿,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;所述氯硅烷为三丙基氯硅烷;所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶4;
(2)在惰性气体的保护、350℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在磷酸三苯酯作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶1.1.。
水洗、烘干和粉碎,即得所述阻燃材料,聚合度800,1%的热失重分解温度为237.6℃。
实施例4
膨胀型阻燃材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,反应的溶剂为丙酮,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;所述氯硅烷为二甲基乙基氯硅烷;所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶3.2;
(2)在惰性气体的保护、360℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在磷酸三苯酯作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶1。
水洗、烘干和粉碎,即得所述阻燃材料,聚合度460,1%的热失重分解温度为219.1℃。
实施例5
膨胀型阻燃材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,反应的溶剂为丙酮,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;所述氯硅烷为二乙基甲基氯硅烷;所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶3.8;
(2)在惰性气体的保护、390℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在三乙胺作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶1.2。
水洗、烘干和粉碎,即得所述阻燃材料,聚合度680,1%的热失重分解温度为231.2℃。
实施例6
膨胀型阻燃材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,反应的溶剂为丙酮,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;所述氯硅烷为二甲基丙基氯硅烷;所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶3.5;
(2)在惰性气体的保护、380℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在三乙胺作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶1.1。
水洗、烘干和粉碎,即得所述阻燃材料,聚合度590,1%的热失重分解温度为229.0℃。
实施例7
保温橡塑发泡材料,至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 5份、EVA 15份、PVC 5份、无卤阻燃剂15份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球5份、空心微球8份、膨胀珍珠岩6份、聚乙二醇2份、三氧化二锑2份、氧化石蜡8份、三聚磷酸钠5份、硅酸钠5份、二辛脂1份、四异氰酸酯5份、丙烯酸丁酯15份、三元乙丙橡胶5份、发泡剂6份、实施例1的膨胀型隔热材料5份。
所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分:SiO2 90份,Al2O3:10份,K2O:5份,CaO 10份,B2O3 1份。
所述聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球为聚乙烯包裹石蜡相变微球。
上述保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球的制备:将聚合物加热溶解于溶剂中,再加入乳化剂和熔化的石蜡,采用乳化机乳化,制得石蜡-聚合物乳液;将聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠溶解于水中,加入甲醇,升温至80℃,制得沉淀水溶液;将石蜡-聚合物乳液滴加入沉淀水溶液中,搅拌,冷却,离心,过滤,即得聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球;
(2)保温橡塑发泡材料的制备:将NBR、EVA、PVC投入密炼机进行高温密炼,温度为150℃,时间为8min;降温至110℃,恒温条件下,再加入无卤阻燃剂、聚乙二醇、三氧化二锑、防护蜡、氧化石蜡、三聚磷酸钠、硅酸钠、二辛脂、四异氰酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、三元乙丙橡胶,混炼10min,出料至发泡炉内,加入发泡剂、膨胀型隔热材料、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,150℃下发泡15min;冷却,即得。
实施例8
保温橡塑发泡材料,至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 15份、EVA 10份、PVC10份、无卤阻燃剂5份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球15份、空心微球4份、膨胀珍珠岩8份、聚乙二醇1份、三氧化二锑1份、氧化石蜡5份、三聚磷酸钠1份、硅酸钠1份、二辛脂2份、四异氰酸酯15份、丙烯酸丁酯5份、三元乙丙橡胶8份、发泡剂4份、实施例2的膨胀型隔热材料5份。
所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分:SiO2 50份,Al2O3:50份,K2O:10份,CaO 1份,B2O3 12份。
所述聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球为聚酰胺包裹石蜡相变微球。
上述保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球的制备:将聚合物加热溶解于溶剂中,再加入乳化剂和熔化的石蜡,采用乳化机乳化,制得石蜡-聚合物乳液;将聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠溶解于水中,加入甲醇,升温至90℃,制得沉淀水溶液;将石蜡-聚合物乳液滴加入沉淀水溶液中,搅拌,冷却,离心,过滤,即得聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球;
(2)保温橡塑发泡材料的制备:将NBR、EVA、PVC投入密炼机进行高温密炼,温度为160℃,时间为12min;降温至90℃,恒温条件下,再加入无卤阻燃剂、聚乙二醇、三氧化二锑、防护蜡、氧化石蜡、三聚磷酸钠、硅酸钠、二辛脂、四异氰酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、三元乙丙橡胶,混炼20min,出料至发泡炉内,加入发泡剂、膨胀型隔热材料、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,130℃下发泡45min;冷却,即得。
实施例9
优选地,保温橡塑发泡材料,至少由以下重量份的组份制成:至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 10份、EVA 5份、PVC 7份、无卤阻燃剂10份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球10份、空心微球6份、膨胀珍珠岩7份、聚乙二醇1.5份、三氧化二锑1.5份、氧化石蜡7份、三聚磷酸钠3份、硅酸钠3份、二辛脂1.5份、四异氰酸酯10份、丙烯酸丁酯10份、三元乙丙橡胶7份、发泡剂5份、实施例3的膨胀型隔热材料10份。
所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分:SiO2 70份,Al2O3:30份,K2O:8份,CaO 5份,B2O3 6份。
所述聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯包裹石蜡相变微球。
上述保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球的制备:将聚合物加热溶解于溶剂中,再加入乳化剂和熔化的石蜡,采用乳化机乳化,制得石蜡-聚合物乳液;将聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠溶解于水中,加入甲醇,升温至85℃,制得沉淀水溶液;将石蜡-聚合物乳液滴加入沉淀水溶液中,搅拌,冷却,离心,过滤,即得聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球;
(2)保温橡塑发泡材料的制备:将NBR、EVA、PVC投入密炼机进行高温密炼,温度为155℃,时间为10min;降温至100℃,恒温条件下,再加入无卤阻燃剂、聚乙二醇、三氧化二锑、防护蜡、氧化石蜡、三聚磷酸钠、硅酸钠、二辛脂、四异氰酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、三元乙丙橡胶,混炼15min,出料至发泡炉内,加入发泡剂、膨胀型隔热材料、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,140℃下发泡30min;冷却,即得。
测试实施例7-9的橡塑发泡绝热保温材料的性能,见表1。
Claims (9)
1.一种保温橡塑发泡材料,其特征在于:至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 5-15份、EVA 10-15份、PVC 5-10份、无卤阻燃剂5-15份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球5-15份、空心微球4-8份、膨胀珍珠岩6-8份、聚乙二醇1-2份、三氧化二锑1-2份、氧化石蜡5-8份、三聚磷酸钠1-5份、硅酸钠1-5份、二辛脂1-2份、四异氰酸酯5-15份、丙烯酸丁酯5-15份、三元乙丙橡胶5-8份、发泡剂4-6份、膨胀型隔热材料5-15份;所述膨胀型隔热材料的结构如式(I)所示:
式中,n为460-990之间的整数;R为烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料,其特征在于:至少由以下重量份的组份制成:NBR 10份、EVA 5份、PVC 7份、无卤阻燃剂10份、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球10份、空心微球6份、膨胀珍珠岩7份、聚乙二醇1.5份、三氧化二锑1.5份、氧化石蜡7份、三聚磷酸钠3份、硅酸钠3份、二辛脂1.5份、四异氰酸酯10份、丙烯酸丁酯10份、三元乙丙橡胶7份、发泡剂5份、膨胀型隔热材料10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料,其特征在于:所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分:SiO2 50-90份,Al2O3:10-50份,K2O:5-10份,CaO 1-10份,B2O3 1-12份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料,其特征在于:所述聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯包裹石蜡相变微球。
5.权利要求1所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)膨胀型隔热阻燃材料的制备:在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下,将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应,制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯;在惰性气体的保护、350~400℃下,将步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在催化剂作用下反应,冷却后真空干燥即得;步骤(1)所得物烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶(1~1.2);
(2)聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球的制备:将聚合物加热溶解于溶剂中,再加入乳化剂和熔化的石蜡,采用乳化机乳化,制得石蜡-聚合物乳液;将聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠溶解于水中,加入甲醇,升温至80~90℃,制得沉淀水溶液;将石蜡-聚合物乳液滴加入沉淀水溶液中,搅拌,冷却,离心,过滤,即得聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球;
(3)保温橡塑发泡材料的制备:将NBR、EVA、PVC投入密炼机进行高温密炼,温度为150~160℃,时间为8~12min;降温至90-110℃,恒温条件下,再加入无卤阻燃剂、聚乙二醇、三氧化二锑、防护蜡、氧化石蜡、三聚磷酸钠、硅酸钠、二辛脂、四异氰酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、三元乙丙橡胶,混炼10-20min,出料至发泡炉内,加入发泡剂、膨胀型隔热材料、聚合物包覆石蜡相变微球、空心微球、膨胀珍珠岩,130-150℃下发泡15-45min;冷却,即得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述氯硅烷选自三甲基氯硅烷、三乙基氯硅烷、三丙基氯硅烷、二甲基乙基氯硅烷、二甲基丙基氯硅烷和二乙基甲基氯硅烷。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述氯硅烷与膦酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶(3~4)。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,膦酸二甲酯与氯硅烷反应的溶剂选自二氯甲烷、氯仿和丙酮。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种保温橡塑发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,催化剂选自无水氯化镁、磷酸三苯酯、三乙胺中的一种或几种。
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