CN1093785C - 超声密封装置的驱动装置的结构 - Google Patents

超声密封装置的驱动装置的结构 Download PDF

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CN1093785C
CN1093785C CN96111100A CN96111100A CN1093785C CN 1093785 C CN1093785 C CN 1093785C CN 96111100 A CN96111100 A CN 96111100A CN 96111100 A CN96111100 A CN 96111100A CN 1093785 C CN1093785 C CN 1093785C
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M·拉比
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Abstract

一种用于超声密封装置(1)的驱动装置(2)的结构。这种驱动装置包括若干压电陶瓷片(3)，在其中间设有与一交流电源相连的导电金属片(4)。驱动装置(2)还包括一平衡重(5)和压紧螺钉(6)。压紧螺钉(6)在某一预加压力下将陶瓷片(3)、金属片(4)和平衡重(5)固定在一起。另外，压紧螺钉还牢固地固定密封装置(1)中的驱动装置(2)。密封装置(1)包括一同质体(13)，同质体(13)由环绕驱动装置的反作用体(7)、具有固定边(11)的节平面(10)和有一长且窄的密封面(9)的角状物(8)组成。本发明涉及的这种结构包括一垫片(12)，整片(12)这样安置，即在密封装置(1)的同质体(13)与陶瓷片(3)之间形成一间隔(H)。垫片(12)充许超声密封装置(1)的振动，但阻止残余弯曲应力到达驱动装置(2)。垫片(12)的间隔尺寸(H)可选择，可将密封装置(1)的振幅调整到预先确定、预先选择的振幅。

Description

用于密封热塑材料的超声密封装置及含有该装置的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及用于密封热塑材料的超声密封装置和设备，特别是涉及用于超声密封装置的驱动装置的一种结构，驱动装置包括若干压电陶瓷片，一平衡重和压紧螺钉，压电陶瓷片中间设置若干与交流电源相连的导电金属片，该超声密封装置包括一固定安装驱动装置的同质体。
背景技术
现今，用超声进行密封的各种类型的装置已在工业上应用。瑞典专利申请NO.SE 9300918-1公开了一种超声密封装置，它已被专门设计用于灌装机器。这种机器是将液体食物灌装到各个一次性使用可弃型的包装物中。由于这些灌装机器仅留给超声密封装置有限的有效空间，所以上述装置全部长度为半个波长。在灌装机器中，由分层包装材料制成的材料带被制成管，该管通过纵向连接或接缝密封被密封，并被灌装打算灌装的东西。灌装后的材料管被横向密封，通过这些横向密封，材料管被切断形成许多分割开的包装容器。上述的密封装置打算应用于横向接合密封缝，由于这个原因，该密封装置具有一长且窄的密封面，密封面的宽度与横向接合密封缝的宽度相等。为了使横向密封缝达到所需要的长度，若干上述密封装置必须连接在一起形成一组合超声密封设备的装置。该密封装置具有若干环绕驱动装置的反作用体、一个具有长且窄的密封面的角状物、中央设置的节平面，在节平面上该密封装置的振幅为零而且在该平面上装置可以被固定到灌装机器上。
一种上述密封装置会有极复杂的几何形状。尽管，在位于中央的节平面上振幅为零，也尽管节平面用于固定装置，但由于装置的振动，节平面上仍然存在很小的残余运动。这一运动可被描述为在一平面内的波动。驱动装置中的陶瓷片可承受很大压力载荷，但它是脆的并且对各种弯曲载荷和拉伸载荷高度敏感，由于这个原因，节平面上的残余运动可引起陶瓷片破碎。
当在一台灌装机器中，若干上述密封装置被连在一起形成一超声密封设备时，或当几台灌装机器在相同前提下使用时，为了确保部件完全互换，不同的密封装置在相同的振幅下工作是很重要的。由于制造许多一样特性的压电陶瓷片很困难，因此，各驱动装置产生的振动可能略有差别。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是能够制造一种驱动装置，使节平面上较小的残余弯曲应力减小到一低水平，以致于对敏感的陶瓷片不构成有害的运动。
本发明的另外一个目的是能够制造一种驱动装置，不管影响振幅的压电陶瓷片的质量如何，它都能在预先确定和预先选择的振幅下工作。
根据本发明的一种用于密封热塑材料的超声密封装置，它包括一个同质体和一个驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括若干压电陶瓷片，与一交流电源相连的导电金属片，一个平衡重和一个将所述驱动装置安装到所述同质体上的压紧螺钉，其特征在于，一个垫片插入在所述同质体和所述陶瓷片之间作为一间隔H，所述垫片用一种材料制成，所述材料的弹性模量低于所述同质体的材料的弹性模量，并且低于所述陶瓷片的材料的弹性模量。
本发明的超声密封装置其驱动装置可以使节平面上残余弯曲应力减小到低水平，从而可以降低对陶瓷片标准的要求。
本发明的若干较佳实施例进一步给出了在从属权利要求中记载的特征。
附图说明
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的一个较佳实施例。
图1是一超声密封装置的透视图。
图2是绕密封装置节平面的拉伸应力的分布图。
图3是表示本发明的驱动装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
按照本发明用于图1所示的超声密封装置1或相似的密封装置1的结构已被特殊地改进和生产3。密封装置1主要由驱动装置2和同质体13组成。
密封装置1的驱动装置2包括若干压电陶瓷片3，陶瓷片中间设有若干导电金属片4。这些金属片4和一交流电源(未示出)相连，目的是使上述那些压电陶瓷片3电并联。陶瓷片3和金属片4与一平衡重5一起通过压紧螺钉6预紧地固定在一起。压紧螺钉6也用来固定密封装置1的同质体13中的驱动装置2。驱动装置2将电压转换成机械位移，此位移引起振动构成装置1的密封作用。
密封装置1的主体13包括环绕驱动装置2的反作用体7和一个具有长且窄密封面9的角状物8。反作用体7的作用是吸收角状物8上的振动。在角状物8和反作用体7之间形成一节平面10，在那里密封装置1的振幅为零。节平面10有一可固定密封装置的固定边11。密封装置1的反作用体7、带固定边11的节平面10和角状物8最好用钛制成，但也可用铝制成。在此较佳实施例中密封装置1的主体13为一个一体制成的同质体，当然各部分也可以独立制成，然后组装成为主体13。
上述密封装置1早已被专门设计、制造以应用于将液体食物装入一次性使用可弃型的包装容器中的灌装机器。在这些灌装机器中仅有有限的有效空间留给声密封装置，尤其是当本发明应用于对现存机器作改进的设备，这些设备不必作大的重新改造或重新设计。根据图1，密封装置整个长度为一个波长的一半。在使用连续材料带(用纸或纸板与热塑性材料的分层带或铝箔带)的灌装机器中，材料带被形成为一个具有纵向连接或接缝密封的管子。这些管灌装所需要灌装的东西并通过横向密封缝(在这些缝处材料带被切断)被分成独立的包装容器。图1中所示的密封装置1打算应用于横向接合密封缝，因此装置1的角状物8具有长且窄密封面9。密封面9的宽度与横向密封缝的宽度相等。为了使横向密封缝具有所需的长度，若干密封装置1必须被连在一起构成一密封设备的完整装置。
假如，上述超声密封装置1有一极复杂的几何形状，即使节平面10的振幅为零，在节平面10上也将产生较大的残余运动。如图2下面部分所示，这个运动包括联合在一起的纵向振动和弯曲振动。此运动可被描述为在一平面内的波动。按照本发明仅仅纵向振动(即超声密封装置1的密封工作所需的振动)被进一步传播到驱动装置2的陶瓷片3。压电陶瓷片3能承受相当大的压力载荷，但它们脆而且对拉伸应力和弯曲应力极敏感。如图2上面部分所示，正如所希望的那些仅纵向振动传播到驱动装置2的陶瓷片3。
按照本发明这一问题已被包括一与陶瓷片3尺寸相等的垫片12的结构解决了。垫片设置在密封装置1的陶瓷片3和节平面10之间。在高压下，垫片被压紧螺钉6固定在位，并与陶瓷片3、金属片4和平衡重5固定在一起。在密封装置1的陶瓷片3和主体13之间，垫片12构成了一间隔H。
垫片12应当用不阻尼纵向振动的材料制成，这种振动对密封装置1的密封工作来说是必需的，即这种材料必须有高的Q值。另一方面，垫片12必须降低有害的弯曲振动以不损坏脆的陶瓷片3。因此，垫片用比环绕垫片12材料低的弹性模量(即陶瓷材料和密封装置1的主体13的材料)的材料制造，陶瓷的弹性模量大约在75-120GPa。具有固定边11的节平面10、反作用体7和角状物8一起构成同质体13，并且一般由弹性模量约为110GPa的钛制成。在此较佳实施例中，垫片12由弹性模量为70GPa的铝制成。假如当装置1中的同质体13用铝制成，垫片12材料应当从具有比铝的弹性模量低的材料中选择，例如铬或铋。也可选择应用其弹性模量等于或高于任何环绕的材料(即陶瓷材料或同质体13的材料)的弹性模量的材料。然而，经验表示当垫片12的材料有较低弹性模量时，密封装置1的密封效果才会提高。
由于将固定驱动装置2的节平面10的表面用钛制成且十分光滑和平整是困难的，所以硬度低的铝垫片12将拉平任何可能的不平。此外硬度低的铝表面容易形成和成形，因此垫片12支承陶瓷片3的那面会尽可能平。
当若干(最好是3个)密封装置1在灌装机器中为获得所需的横向密封长度被组合在一起时，要求极严，即这些装置必须在相同振幅下工作。另外，几台灌装机器可以在相同前提下工作，为此密封装置1互换性必须是完全的。可是，恰好在各方面都有相同的特性的压电陶瓷片3很难制造，为此，偏差将引起不同的装置1的振幅产生变化。通过改变设置在陶瓷片3和节平面10之间的垫片12的厚度，可将驱动装置2的振幅调整为预先确定和预先选择的振幅。振幅是这样被改变的，即较薄的垫12产生较小的振幅，较厚的垫片12产生较大的振幅。振幅改变的原因是电一机耦合系数改变。
一个改变垫片12厚度的可供选择的方法是改变垫片12的材料，使用不同弹性模量的材料。另一可供选择的方法是改变垫片12和密封装置1的同质体13之间的接触表面或分界面的尺寸。然而，对着陶瓷片3的垫片12的表面应与陶瓷片3的表面相等。因此，为了获得所期望的振幅最好的替换方法(最经济，最容易制造)是最前面提到的改变垫片12的高度H的方法。
因此，通过标准化陶瓷片3，选择特定的垫片12是可能的，并因此在超声密封装置1的生产阶段就可得到全都以同振幅工作的装置1。
从前面的描述中已明显看出，本发明的这种结构可得到这样一种驱动装置2，即不将装置1的节平面10中的残余的弯曲振动传播到驱动装置2中的敏感的陶瓷片3。
应用本发明的结构，此外，可以实现对所有已制成的密封装置的调整以便使它们在相同的振幅下工作。否则，该振幅受陶瓷片3特性的差异的影响，因此，应用本发明的结构还可降低对陶瓷片3标准的要求。
不应认为本发明仅限于上述内容和在附图中表示的内容，不脱离所附的权利要求的精神和范围可产生许多变型。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于密封热塑材料的超声密封装置(1)，它包括一个同质体(13)和一个驱动装置(2)，所述驱动装置(2)包括若干压电陶瓷片(3)，与一交流电源相连的导电金属片(4)，一个平衡重(5)和一个将所述驱动装置(2)安装到所述同质体(13)上的压紧螺钉(6)，其特征在于，一个垫片(12)插入在所述同质体(13)和所述陶瓷片(3)之间作为一间隔(H)，所述垫片(12)用一种材料制成，所述材料的弹性模量低于所述同质体(13)的材料的弹性模量，并且低于所述陶瓷片(3)的材料的弹性模量。
2.如权利要求1所述的超声密封装置，其特征在于，所述垫片(12)与所述陶瓷片(3)尺寸相同。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的超声密封装置，其特征在于，所述垫片(12)安装在所述陶瓷片(3)和所述同质体(13)之间在所述装置(1)的节平面之上。
4.如权利要求1所述的超声密封装置，其特征在于，所述垫片(12)由具有弹性模量约为70GPa的软铝制成。
5.如权利要求1所述的超声密封装置，其特征在于，所述垫片(12)压向相邻陶瓷片(3)的接触面和所述陶瓷片(3)压向所述垫片(12)的接触面相同。
6.如权利要求1所述的超声密封装置，其特征在于，所述垫片(12)由铬或铋制成。
7.一种用于密封热塑材料的设备，它包括多个如前面任何一项权利要求所述的超声密封装置(1)，其特征在于，每个所述密封装置(1)具有一个垫片(12)，它与其余密封装置(1)的垫片(12)在厚度上和/或材料的弹性模量上和/或所述接触面的尺寸上不同。
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