CN109371037A - 烟草akt1基因及应用 - Google Patents
烟草akt1基因及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109371037A CN109371037A CN201811339660.7A CN201811339660A CN109371037A CN 109371037 A CN109371037 A CN 109371037A CN 201811339660 A CN201811339660 A CN 201811339660A CN 109371037 A CN109371037 A CN 109371037A
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Abstract
本发明涉及烟草AKT1基因及应用。所述烟草AKT1基因及其编码蛋白质的序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1和2所示。本发明首次从烟草中克隆得到AKT1基因并通过酵母功能互补实验验证了该基因的生物学功能,烟草AKT1基因具有促进钾离子吸收和转运的功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及基因工程技术领域,具体地说,涉及烟草AKT1基因及应用。
背景技术
钾离子通道是允许钾离子特异通透质膜的离子通道,而阻碍其他离子通透,特别是钠离子。这些通道一般由两部分组成:一部分是通道区,选择并允许钾离子通过,而阻碍钠离子;另一部分是门控开关,根据环境中的信号而开关通道。
现有技术对于钾离子通道基因的研究在模式植物拟南芥中比较广泛,例如,研究表明拟南芥钾通道基因AKT1编码一个内向整流通道,可以形成同源多聚体,主要在拟南芥根的表皮和皮层细胞中表达(Basset et al.,1995;Lagarde et al.,1996);AKT1负责介导拟南芥根细胞从土壤中吸收钾营养,AKT1的功能缺失造成AKT1突变体植株K+吸收能力降低,从而使得AKT1突变体冠部的K+含量显著降低,导致幼苗在低钾胁迫下表现出冠部失绿黄化的低钾敏感表型(Lagarde et al.,1996;Hirsch et al.,1998;Spalding et al.,1999;Xu et al.,2006)。
烟草是一种耗钾量很大的作物,烟叶钾含量是衡量烟叶品质的的重要指标,目前,对于烟草中钾离子通道的研究较少。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供烟草AKT1基因及其编码的蛋白质。
本发明的另一目的是提供烟草AKT1基因的应用。
为了实现本发明目的,本发明提供的烟草AKT1基因,其为编码如下蛋白质(a)或(b)的基因:
(a)由SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;
(b)SEQ ID NO:2所示序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有同等功能的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
本发明烟草AKT1基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,基因全长2391bp。本发明采用如下方法克隆得到烟草AKT1基因:
①在进行AKT1基因PCR扩增之前,提取烟草细胞总RNA,并将提取得到的总RNA反转录为cDNA。在本发明中,所述的烟草细胞总RNA的提取采用本领域常用的提取细胞总RNA的技术方案即可,本发明的实施例中具体的可采用Trizol法。在本发明中,所述的烟草细胞总RNA提取的原料为烟草的新鲜叶片,所述烟草采用为本领域常规的烟草品种,如K326。
②在提取得到烟草细胞总RNA后,将所述烟草细胞总RNA反转录合成cDNA。在本发明中,所述的cDNA的合成采用本领域常规的cDNA的合成方法即可,无其他特殊要求;具体的本发明实施例中采用TaKaRa公司的cDNA合成试剂盒完成cDNA的合成。
③在得到cDNA之后,进行AKT1基因PCR扩增,得到目的片段。在本发明中,所述AKT1基因PCR扩增的体系优选为20μL体系,包括Premix ExTaq 10μL,10μM的正向引物0.5μL,10μM的反向引物0.5μL,烟草细胞cDNA 1μL,ddH2O 8μL。在本发明中,所述AKT1基因的PCR扩增的反应程序优选为:95℃预变性5min;95℃变性30s;55℃退火30s;72℃延伸2min;35个循环。
④在AKT1基因PCR扩增得到目的片段后,将所述目的片段进行测序,得到AKT1基因。本发明在所述的PCR扩增后优选的对目的片段进行纯化,本发明对所述纯化的方法没有特殊的限定,采用本领域技术人员熟知的DNA纯化试剂盒进行即可。
⑤纯化完成后,优选将所述纯化后的目的片段导入大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞中进行菌落PCR,验证为阳性克隆后进行测序。本发明在得到阳性克隆后,优选采用菌落PCR的方法来验证阳性克隆。在本发明中,所述菌落PCR的所述的正向引物核苷酸序列为:5'-atgggcaaagaaaaatgggc-3'(SEQ ID NO:3);所述反向引物的核苷酸序列为5'-ttaattttctgaagtaccat-3'(SEQ ID NO:4),所述菌落PCR的体系为10μL,包括Premix ExTaq5μL,10μM的正向引物0.5μL,10μM的反向引物0.5μL,ddH2O 4μL。在本发明中,所述的将纯化后的目的片段导入大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞所采用的方法为本领域常规的转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞的方法,具体如下:将所述目的片段与pMD19-T载体在16℃的条件下连接10~14h,得到连接产物;将所述连接产物转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞,得到转化后的大肠杆菌DH5α;将所述的转化后的大肠杆菌DH5α接种于涂有氨苄青霉素的LB平板上进行筛选培养,得到阳性克隆。
⑥在菌落PCR验证阳性克隆后,优选的,从已验证的阳性克隆中随机选取2~4个独立的阳性克隆进行测序,得到所述烟草AKT1基因的序列。
本发明还提供含有所述烟草AKT1基因的生物材料,所述生物材料为表达盒、表达载体、克隆载体、工程菌或转基因细胞系。
本发明还提供所述烟草AKT1基因或含有该基因的生物材料在促进植物或微生物钾离子吸收和转运中的应用。
本发明所述植物包括但不限于烟草、拟南芥。所述微生物包括但不限于酵母。
本发明还提供所述烟草AKT1基因或含有该基因的生物材料在制备转基因植物中的应用。
本发明还提供所述烟草AKT1基因或含有该基因的生物材料在植物育种中的应用。所述育种的目的为促进植物钾离子吸收和转运。
优选地,将所述烟草AKT1基因转入到烟草植株中,使烟草AKT1基因超量表达以提高烟草植株的烟叶中钾离子的含量。更优选地,采用农杆菌介导法将烟草AKT1基因转入到烟草植株中,获得AKT1基因过表达的转基因植株。
本发明还提供用于扩增烟草AKT1基因的特异性PCR引物对,所述引物对的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3-4所示。该引物对是以NCBI Reference Sequence:LOC104113012为参考序列,使用软件primer 5设计得到的。
本发明还提供一种促进植物钾离子吸收和转运的方法,所述方法为:
1)使植物包含所述烟草AKT1基因;或者,
2)使植物过表达所述烟草AKT1基因。
所述方法包括但不限于转基因、杂交、回交、自交或无性繁殖。
本发明首次从烟草中克隆得到AKT1基因并通过酵母功能互补实验验证了该基因的生物学功能,将烟草AKT1基因转入钾吸收缺陷型酵母突变株R5421后的重组酵母具有钾离子吸收,转运功能。因此,本发明提供的烟草AKT1基因具有促进钾离子吸收和转运的功能。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例2中酵母功能互补实验结果。其中,A:培养基中钾离子浓度为20uM,B:培养基中钾离子浓度为2mM。图中,1为转入烟草AKT1基因的重组酵母,2为阴性对照组(转入空载体),3为阳性对照组(转入拟南芥AtAKT1基因)的重组酵母;从左到右依次为菌原液、10倍稀释液、100倍、1000倍稀释液在培养基上的生长结果。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。若未特别指明,实施例均按照常规实验条件,如Sambrook等分子克隆实验手册(Sambrook J&Russell DW,Molecular Cloning:a Laboratory Manual,2001),或按照制造厂商说明书建议的条件。
实施例1烟草AKT1基因的克隆
取0.5g烟草(烟草品种为K326)新鲜叶片,采用Trizol法提取烟草细胞的总RNA,然后采用TaKaRa公司的cDNA合成试剂盒合成cDNA,进一步采用Primer5.0软件设计并经过人工优化得到引物,所述引物包括正向引物和反向引物,所述的正向引物核苷酸序列为:5'-ATGGGCAAAGAAAAATGGGC-3';所述反向引物的核苷酸序列为5'-TTAATTTTCTGAAGTACCAT-3',以合成的cDNA为模板,进行PCR扩增,PCR扩增体系为为20μL体系,包括Premix ExTaq 10μL,10μM的正向引物0.5μL,10μM的反向引物0.5μL,烟草细胞cDNA 1μL,ddH2O 8μL;所述的PCR扩增的反应程序为:95℃预变性5min;95℃变性30s;55℃退火30s;72℃延伸2min;35个循环。
PCR扩增完成后,使用DNA纯化试剂盒进行目的片段的纯化,将纯化后的目的片段与pMD19-T载体16℃连接12h得到连接产物,将所述得到的连接产物转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞得到转化后的大肠杆菌DH5α,将所述的转化后的大肠杆菌DH5α接种于涂有氨苄青霉素的LB平板上进行筛选培养得到阳性克隆。在得到阳性克隆后,采用菌落PCR的方法来验证阳性克隆,所述菌落PCR的正向引物为:5'-ATGGGCAAAGAAAAATGGGC-3';反向引物为5'-TTAATTTTCTGAAGTACCAT-3';所述菌落PCR的体系为10μL,包括Premix ExTaq 5μL,10μM的正向引物0.5μL,10μM的反向引物0.5μL,ddH2O 4μL。然后从已验证的阳性克隆中随机选取3个独立的阳性克隆送到生物技术公司进行测序,经测序得到烟草AKT1基因的序列如SEQ IDNO:1所示。
实施例2烟草AKT1基因的生物学功能分析
1、实验目的
通过酵母功能互补实验验证烟草AKT1基因的生物学功能。
2、实验方法
以钾吸收缺陷型酵母突变株R5421作为受体菌。菌株R5421可参见Maathuis F J Mand Sanders D 1996Mechanisms of potassium absorption by higher plantroots.Physiol.Plant.96,158–168.
将连接有实施例1烟草AKT1基因的T-载体与表达载体P416(酵母游离型穿梭表达载体,TEF组成型启动子,CYC1终止子,CEN6ARSH4复制起点,酵母中筛选标记为URA3,大肠杆菌中筛选标记为Amp。载体P416可参见Functional Expression of aω-3Fatty AcidDesaturase Gene from Glycine max in Saccharomyces cerevisiae)分别进行双酶切(酶切位点为XbaI和XhoI),回收目的基因和表达载体P416,然后用连接酶连接,将连接后的重组酵母表达载体转入大肠杆菌DH5α的感受态细胞,对转化后的大肠杆菌单菌落进行PCR扩增、酶切来验证是否构建成功。
将构建成功的重组酵母表达载体转入到酵母R5421中具体步骤如下:用接菌环取保存的R5421酵母菌划线于固体培养基YPDA上,28℃培养12h;挑取R5421酵母单菌落于Ep管中,加1mL YPDA培养液涡旋;将上述菌液全部转入装有YPDA培养液的三角瓶中,于30℃,250rpm摇菌至OD600=1.2,16h;按1:10体积比转接,摇至OD600=1.0~1.2;于28℃,1000rpm离心5min集菌,用1/2体积的灭菌超纯水重悬;于28℃,1000rpm离心5min集菌,吸干上清;依次加入下列成分(每5mL原始菌液):
涡旋1min,使转化体系完全混匀;置于30℃的水浴中温育30min;再放入42℃的水浴中热击28min,冰上冷却10min;7000rpm离心15s,弃上清;用1mL的无菌水轻轻重悬沉淀;取200μL转化混合物铺于营养缺陷型平板上;30℃培养3天。提取酵母质粒并鉴定转化结果。
3、实验结果
实验结果如图1所示,在钾离子浓度为20uM、2mM培养基(AP培养基(1L):磷酸546μL,L-精氨酸1.742g,1000×维生素溶液1mL,1000×微量元素溶液1mL,尿嘧啶0.77g,100×Ura 10mL,葡萄糖20g,琼脂粉15g)上,阴性对照组酵母菌(转入P416空载体)几乎不生长,转入烟草AKT1基因的重组酵母和阳性对照组(转入拟南芥AtAKT1基因)的重组酵母菌均可以生长。随着稀释倍数的增加,转入烟草AKT1基因的重组酵母和阳性对照组的重组酵母菌仍然可以生长。以上结果证明,本发明的烟草AKT1基因具有钾吸收和转运功能。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之做一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
序列表
<110> 贵州省烟草科学研究院
<120> 烟草AKT1基因及应用
<130> KHP171117863.5
<160> 4
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cttgataaat caacttacag tataattgat gacccaaagt tgatcgcttg gagattggag 420
aaaaacagga agttcagtta ctttggggtt cgagttctga agcttatatg tgtgactctt 480
ttcgcagttc attgtgctgg ctgtttctac tatcttcttg ctgctcggaa aaaagaccca 540
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aggaaattta gggatactat tcaagctgct tcaagctttg cacaaaggaa taatttgccg 840
gttcgccttc aagatcagat gctatctcac ttgtgtttga ggtacagaac agactcggaa 900
ggtctacagc agcaagaaac tcttgaaaca ctacccaaag ctattcgatc tagcatttca 960
cattatctgt tttattcact tgtggataag gtgtacttat tccatggtgt atcaaatgac 1020
ttactttttc aactggttgc tgagatgaaa gccgagtatt tccccccaag agaggatgtc 1080
attttgcaaa atgaagcacc gacagatttt tatattctgg taactggagc aatggaactt 1140
atttcacaca ggaatgggat ggaacaggta attggcgagt taaaggcagg ggacgtttgt 1200
ggagaagtag gtgtcctttg ctatagacct caacttttta ccgttcgaac caaaagaaca 1260
tcccaactgc tacgtttgga tcgtacttct tttttcaaca tcgttaaagc aaatatagga 1320
gatgggacaa taatcatgaa caatctcctt cagcatttga aagagcgaag ggacccaatg 1380
atgacagcag tattagcaga tatagaacac atgttggctc agggaagaat ggacatacct 1440
ctcagcttat gttttgcagc aaacagagga gatgatcttt tgttgcgcca attgcttaaa 1500
aggctaattt atgtcatgaa agcagattct gaaggaaatg ttccattgtg ggatgcaatg 1560
gtggggaagc atgaagctgc aattaaattg cttgtggaca acggcgcaaa gatatcttca 1620
ggagatgtag gtcagtttgc ttgctttgcg gtggagcaag gcagcctaga cttgcttaag 1680
gagatcatca agtgtggagg tgatgtcacc cttcttaaca gcctaggcat gacagcaatg 1740
cacactgcta tttctgagga gaatgtggaa atagttaaat acctactgga acaaggaact 1800
gacattgata aaccagatgt tcatggttgg acaccaagag cattggctga atatcagggc 1860
cacgaagaga taaaggagct tttcaacttg atgcaaccga gtagtaataa agaagccaat 1920
gtctctcctc ttgaaatgcc tggtgctcct taccttaaga agtatcagag cgaccccatg 1980
attcgcctct caactcctct ggaaacagca tcactagcta gagacaatgg ctcgtctaac 2040
ggcagattga ggagaagggc tagtttctat cagaattcac tgatgggatt tatgtcagca 2100
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gttgtgcttg tgccgaattc agttcaagag ctacttgata ttggtggtca gaaatttggt 2280
atctctctga cgaaagtact aactgaagat ggagcactta ttgaagacat tgctgtgata 2340
agagatggag atcatttagt tcttgctggt gatggtactt cagaaaatta a 2391
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Claims (10)
1.烟草AKT1基因,其特征在于,其为编码如下蛋白质(a)或(b)的基因:
(a)由SEQ ID NO:2所示的氨基酸序列组成的蛋白质;
(b)SEQ ID NO:2所示序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有同等功能的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基因,其特征在于,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
3.含有权利要求1或2所述基因的生物材料,所述生物材料为表达盒、表达载体、克隆载体或工程菌。
4.权利要求1或2所述基因或权利要求3所述生物材料在促进植物或微生物钾离子吸收和转运中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述植物包括烟草、拟南芥,所述微生物包括酵母。
6.权利要求1或2所述基因或权利要求3所述生物材料在制备转基因植物中的应用。
7.权利要求1或2所述基因或权利要求3所述生物材料在植物育种中的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述育种的目的为促进植物钾离子吸收和转运。
9.一种促进植物钾离子吸收和转运的方法,其特征在于,所述方法为:
1)使植物包含权利要求1或2所述基因;或者,
2)使植物过表达权利要求1或2所述基因;
其中,所述植物包括烟草、拟南芥。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括转基因、杂交、回交、自交或无性繁殖。
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