CN109367153A - 一种高仿头层牛皮pu革及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高仿头层牛皮pu革及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109367153A
CN109367153A CN201811228185.6A CN201811228185A CN109367153A CN 109367153 A CN109367153 A CN 109367153A CN 201811228185 A CN201811228185 A CN 201811228185A CN 109367153 A CN109367153 A CN 109367153A
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leather
woven fabrics
superfine fiber
scytoblastema
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张金聪
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BRANCH MICROFIBER (FUJIAN) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，包括超细纤维皮革层、皮胚层和透明膜，超细纤维皮革层的背面上均匀的涂覆有胶水，皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上，透明膜复合在超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层的外表面上且全面覆盖超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层。采用上述技术方案后，本发明的高仿头层牛皮PU革具有更高的强度、耐磨性好，不易脱层，手感柔软，使用寿命长，表面的纹理变化多样，绿色环保，成本低。

Description

一种高仿头层牛皮PU革及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于合成革的生产技术领域，尤其涉及一种高仿头层牛皮PU革及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有真皮其机械强力物性较差，耐候性差，利用率较低，且使用成本较高，皮囊层气味严重，且真皮表面涂层的耐刮擦性差且易裂纹起皮，老化性能差的同时表面效果不够丰富。传统的移模二层PU革在制作时，其中间层按PU湿法工艺进行制作的，这样的制作方式使得制作出的移膜二层皮其手感硬，使用寿命不长，容易脱层，表面的变化少的同时不环保。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种高仿头层牛皮PU革及其制备方法，本发明的高仿头层牛皮PU革具有更高的强度、耐磨性好，不易脱层，手感柔软，使用寿命长，表面的纹理变化多样，绿色环保，成本低。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，包括超细纤维皮革层、皮胚层和透明膜，所述超细纤维皮革层的背面上均匀的涂覆有胶水，所述皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上，所述透明膜复合在超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层的外表面上且全面覆盖所述超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层。
优选的，所述超细纤维皮革层与皮胚层的厚度之比为：2～4:6～8。
优选的，所述皮胚层为二层皮或牛刨层。
本发明还提供了一种高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制作超细纤维皮革层；
(2)制作皮胚层；
(3)将步骤(1)制成的超细纤维皮革层的背面涂覆有胶水，将步骤(2)制成的皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上；其中胶水的预热温度为105～115℃；
(4)在步骤(3)制得的产物的上表面上复合上一层透明膜；
(5)用高温辊将透明膜压合在步骤(3)制得的产物上，再依次经烘箱烘干、分剪、水揉30分钟、晾干、到转鼓甩出自然纹路，最后烫平；其中烘箱的温度为80～100℃。
优选的，所述制作超细纤维皮革层的步骤包括：
a、制作无纺布：将短纤维在粗开松机上进行粗开松，然后由风机将粗开松的短纤维送到大棉仓混棉，再经五辊精开松机进行精开松，再经末道棉箱、气压棉箱喂入短纤维，由电子秤称量后，由梳理机进行梳理后，在铺网机上进行铺网，最后在针刺机上穿刺，得到无纺布；其中针刺频率为456-589次/min，无纺布的密度为2.5～3.5g/㎡，其中，短纤维的长度为40～45mm、纤度为9.0dtex～10dtex；
b、湿法含浸：将步骤a得到的无纺布经过含浸液，经过多次辊筒反复挤压含浸，将含浸液均匀挤压渗透入无纺布中；再用刮刀将无纺布的正反两面的含浸液刮干净后，通过质量溶度为20～30％的二甲基甲酰胺的水溶液进行凝固发泡；然后将无纺布通过水洗槽进行水洗，将无纺布上残留的二甲基甲酰胺洗掉(其中二甲基甲酰胺的残留物不超过0.5％)，得到多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基；其中，含浸液的模量为50～90kg/㎡，固含量为52～60％；
c、将步骤b得到的多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基依次经过抽出工艺、片皮工艺、磨皮工艺、染整工艺、水揉工艺、干法贴面和后处理工艺处理，即制得超细纤维皮革层，其中抽出工艺中的体积碱减量为15～19％；磨皮工艺由三道磨皮辊进行磨皮，第一道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为：120号、1200转/分钟，第二道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为180号、1200转/分钟，第三道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为320号、500转/分钟。
本发明技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明的高仿头层牛皮PU革采用了上下复合工艺，从而可以解决真皮气味大，涂层易裂变问题，从而使得本发明提供的高仿头层牛皮PU革具有更高的强度、耐磨性好，不易脱层，手感柔软，使用寿命长，表面的纹理变化多样。
2.本发明提供的高仿头层牛皮PU革环境污染小、成本低。
3.本发明提供的高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法简单、方便、易操作。
4.本发明提供的一种高仿头层牛皮PU革及其制备方法，通过提高无纺布的密度和针刺频率，使得制得产品具有细腻的触感和密实的弹性感；通过增加水揉工艺可以提高产品的手感及纹路的饱满度；通过采用三道磨皮辊进行磨皮，从而使得所生产的皮革产品具有细腻的绒毛，更具有真皮感。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，包括超细纤维皮革层、皮胚层和透明膜，所述超细纤维皮革层的背面上均匀的涂覆有胶水，所述皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上，所述透明膜复合在超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层的外表面上且全面覆盖所述超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层，其中超细纤维皮革层与皮胚层的厚度之比为：1:4，所述皮胚层为二层皮或牛刨层。
上述一种高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制作超细纤维皮革层；
(2)制作皮胚层；
(3)将步骤(1)制成的超细纤维皮革层的背面涂覆有胶水，将步骤(2)制成的皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上；其中胶水的预热温度为105℃；
(4)在步骤(3)制得的产物的上表面上复合上一层透明膜；
(5)用高温辊将透明膜压合在步骤(3)制得的产物上，再依次经烘箱烘干、分剪、水揉30分钟、晾干、到转鼓甩出自然纹路，最后烫平；其中烘箱的温度为80℃。
优选的，所述制作超细纤维皮革层的步骤包括：
a、制作无纺布：将短纤维在粗开松机上进行粗开松，然后由风机将粗开松的短纤维送到大棉仓混棉，再经五辊精开松机进行精开松，再经末道棉箱、气压棉箱喂入短纤维，由电子秤称量后，由梳理机进行梳理后，在铺网机上进行铺网，最后在针刺机上穿刺，得到无纺布；其中针刺频率为456次/min，无纺布的密度为2.5g/㎡，其中，短纤维的长度为40mm、纤度为9.0；
b、湿法含浸：将步骤a得到的无纺布经过含浸液，经过多次辊筒反复挤压含浸，将含浸液均匀挤压渗透入无纺布中；再用刮刀将无纺布的正反两面的含浸液刮干净后，通过质量溶度为20％的二甲基甲酰胺的水溶液进行凝固发泡；然后将无纺布通过水洗槽进行水洗，将无纺布上残留的二甲基甲酰胺洗掉(其中二甲基甲酰胺的残留物不超过0.5％)，得到多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基；其中，含浸液的模量为50kg/㎡，固含量为52；
c、将步骤b得到的多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基依次经过抽出工艺、片皮工艺、磨皮工艺、染整工艺、水揉工艺、干法贴面和后处理工艺处理，即制得超细纤维皮革层，其中抽出工艺中的体积碱减量为15％；磨皮工艺由三道磨皮辊进行磨皮，第一道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为：120号、1200转/分钟，第二道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为180号、1200转/分钟，第三道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为320号、500转/分钟。
实施例2
一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，包括超细纤维皮革层、皮胚层和透明膜，所述超细纤维皮革层的背面上均匀的涂覆有胶水，所述皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上，所述透明膜复合在超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层的外表面上且全面覆盖所述超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层，其中超细纤维皮革层与皮胚层的厚度之比为：2:3，所述皮胚层为二层皮或牛刨层。
上述一种高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制作超细纤维皮革层；
(2)制作皮胚层；
(3)将步骤(1)制成的超细纤维皮革层的背面涂覆有胶水，将步骤(2)制成的皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上；其中胶水的预热度为110℃；
(4)在步骤(3)制得的产物的上表面上复合上一层透明膜；
(5)用高温辊将透明膜压合在步骤(3)制得的产物上，再依次经烘箱烘干、分剪、水揉30分钟、晾干、到转鼓甩出自然纹路，最后烫平；其中烘箱的温度为90℃。
优选的，所述制作超细纤维皮革层的步骤包括：
a、制作无纺布：将短纤维在粗开松机上进行粗开松，然后由风机将粗开松的短纤维送到大棉仓混棉，再经五辊精开松机进行精开松，再经末道棉箱、气压棉箱喂入短纤维，由电子秤称量后，由梳理机进行梳理后，在铺网机上进行铺网，最后在针刺机上穿刺，得到无纺布；其中针刺频率为523次/min，无纺布的密度为3.0g/㎡，其中，短纤维的长度为43mm、纤度为9.5dtex；
b、湿法含浸：将步骤a得到的无纺布经过含浸液，经过多次辊筒反复挤压含浸，将含浸液均匀挤压渗透入无纺布中；再用刮刀将无纺布的正反两面的含浸液刮干净后，通过质量溶度为25％的二甲基甲酰胺的水溶液进行凝固发泡；然后将无纺布通过水洗槽进行水洗，将无纺布上残留的二甲基甲酰胺洗掉(其中二甲基甲酰胺的残留物不超过0.5％)，得到多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基；其中，含浸液的模量为70kg/㎡，固含量为56％；
c、将步骤b得到的多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基依次经过抽出工艺、片皮工艺、磨皮工艺、染整工艺、水揉工艺、干法贴面和后处理工艺处理，即制得超细纤维皮革层，其中抽出工艺中的体积碱减量为17％；磨皮工艺由三道磨皮辊进行磨皮，第一道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为：120号、1200转/分钟，第二道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为180号、1200转/分钟，第三道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为320号、500转/分钟。
实施例3
一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，包括超细纤维皮革层、皮胚层和透明膜，所述超细纤维皮革层的背面上均匀的涂覆有胶水，所述皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上，所述透明膜复合在超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层的外表面上且全面覆盖所述超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层，其中超细纤维皮革层与皮胚层的厚度之比为：3:7，所述皮胚层为二层皮或牛刨层。
上述一种高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)制作超细纤维皮革层；
(2)制作皮胚层；
(3)将步骤(1)制成的超细纤维皮革层的背面涂覆有胶水，将步骤(2)制成的皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上；其中胶水的预热温度为110℃；
(4)在步骤(3)制得的产物的上表面上复合上一层透明膜；
(5)用高温辊将透明膜压合在步骤(3)制得的产物上，再依次经烘箱烘干、分剪、水揉30分钟、晾干、到转鼓甩出自然纹路，最后烫平；其中烘箱的温度为100℃。
优选的，所述制作超细纤维皮革层的步骤包括：
a、制作无纺布：将短纤维在粗开松机上进行粗开松，然后由风机将粗开松的短纤维送到大棉仓混棉，再经五辊精开松机进行精开松，再经末道棉箱、气压棉箱喂入短纤维，由电子秤称量后，由梳理机进行梳理后，在铺网机上进行铺网，最后在针刺机上穿刺，得到无纺布；其中针刺频率为589次/min，无纺布的密度为3.5g/㎡，其中，短纤维的长度为45mm、纤度为10dtex；
b、湿法含浸：将步骤a得到的无纺布经过含浸液，经过多次辊筒反复挤压含浸，将含浸液均匀挤压渗透入无纺布中；再用刮刀将无纺布的正反两面的含浸液刮干净后，通过质量溶度为30％的二甲基甲酰胺的水溶液进行凝固发泡；然后将无纺布通过水洗槽进行水洗，将无纺布上残留的二甲基甲酰胺洗掉(其中二甲基甲酰胺的残留物不超过0.5％)，得到多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基；其中，含浸液的模量为90kg/㎡，固含量为60％；
c、将步骤b得到的多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基依次经过抽出工艺、片皮工艺、磨皮工艺、染整工艺、水揉工艺、干法贴面和后处理工艺处理，即制得超细纤维皮革层，其中抽出工艺中的体积碱减量为19％；磨皮工艺由三道磨皮辊进行磨皮，第一道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为：120号、1200转/分钟，第二道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为180号、1200转/分钟，第三道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为320号、500转/分钟。
上述三个实施例所得的高仿头层牛皮PU革进行色牢度实验和撕裂测试，其中：
色牢度试验：根据GB3920-97，摩擦牢度，干摩10级，湿摩4级；皮革的拉力、伸长率、剥离力、NaOH水解后剥离力和车线力以及撕裂力测定方法采用条样法进行，耐老化参照ASTMD1148-07A进行评级。
本发明的高仿头层牛皮PU革的耐低温曲折的次数在-20℃情况下达到8万次以上无裂口，其在常温曲折的次数在10万次以上无裂口；在Taber耐磨次数在500次以上磨破；色移为3级，柔软度为5.7mm，耐水解为4级，耐黄变(UA/UV)分别为4/4级。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，其特征在于，包括超细纤维皮革层、皮胚层和透明膜，所述超细纤维皮革层的背面上均匀的涂覆有胶水，所述皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上，所述透明膜复合在超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层的外表面上且全面覆盖所述超细纤维皮革层和皮胚层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，其特征在于：所述超细纤维皮革层与皮胚层的厚度之比为：2～4:6～8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高仿头层牛皮PU革，其特征在于：所述皮胚层为二层皮或牛刨层。
4.一种权利要求1-3任一项所述的高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)制作超细纤维皮革层；
(2)制作皮胚层；
(3)将步骤(1)制成的超细纤维皮革层的背面涂覆有胶水，将步骤(2)制成的皮胚层通过胶水粘合在超细纤维皮革层的背面上；其中胶水的预热温度为105～115℃；
(4)在步骤(3)制得的产物的上表面上复合上一层透明膜；
(5)用高温辊将透明膜压合在步骤(3)制得的产物上，再依次经烘箱烘干、分剪、水揉30分钟、晾干、到转鼓甩出自然纹路，最后烫平；其中烘箱的温度为80～100℃。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高仿头层牛皮PU革的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制作超细纤维皮革层的步骤包括：
a、制作无纺布：将短纤维在粗开松机上进行粗开松，然后由风机将粗开松的短纤维送到大棉仓混棉，再经五辊精开松机进行精开松，再经末道棉箱、气压棉箱喂入短纤维，由电子秤称量后，由梳理机进行梳理后，在铺网机上进行铺网，最后在针刺机上穿刺，得到无纺布；其中针刺频率为456-589次/min，无纺布的密度为2.5～3.5g/㎡，其中短纤维的长度为40～45mm、纤度为9.0dtex～10dtex；
b、湿法含浸：将步骤a得到的无纺布经过含浸液，经过多次辊筒反复挤压含浸，将含浸液均匀挤压渗透入无纺布中；再用刮刀将无纺布的正反两面的含浸液刮干净后，通过质量溶度为20～30％的二甲基甲酰胺的水溶液进行凝固发泡；然后将无纺布通过水洗槽进行水洗，将无纺布上残留的二甲基甲酰胺洗掉(其中二甲基甲酰胺的残留物不超过0.5％)，得到多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基；其中，含浸液的模量为50～90kg/㎡，固含量为52～60％；
c、将步骤b得到的多孔质弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯无纺布湿法底基依次经过抽出工艺、片皮工艺、磨皮工艺、染整工艺、水揉工艺、干法贴面和后处理工艺处理，即制得超细纤维皮革层，其中抽出工艺中的体积碱减量为15～19％；磨皮工艺由三道磨皮辊进行磨皮，第一道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为：120号、1200转/分钟，第二道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为180号、1200转/分钟，第三道磨皮辊对应的砂纸和转速分别为320号、500转/分钟。
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CN102016077A (zh) * 2008-03-24 2011-04-13 可乐丽股份有限公司 二层皮产品及其制造方法
CN102517917A (zh) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-27 无锡双象超纤材料股份有限公司 超细旦聚酰胺无纺布镜面革的制造方法
CN102517923A (zh) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-27 无锡双象超纤材料股份有限公司 超软高回弹湿式超细旦聚酰胺皮革的制造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102016077A (zh) * 2008-03-24 2011-04-13 可乐丽股份有限公司 二层皮产品及其制造方法
CN102517917A (zh) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-27 无锡双象超纤材料股份有限公司 超细旦聚酰胺无纺布镜面革的制造方法
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