CN109362543A - Plant conservation system, plant maintenance work station and plant maintenance method - Google Patents
Plant conservation system, plant maintenance work station and plant maintenance method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109362543A CN109362543A CN201811034170.6A CN201811034170A CN109362543A CN 109362543 A CN109362543 A CN 109362543A CN 201811034170 A CN201811034170 A CN 201811034170A CN 109362543 A CN109362543 A CN 109362543A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/001—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots with intermittent watering means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/003—Controls for self-acting watering devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of plant conservation systems, it include: watering device, humidity detector, computing module, controller, controller starting plant culture matrix Humidity Detection simultaneously then compares detected plant culture matrix humidity with the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance, and in detected plant culture matrix humidity humidity value minimum higher than Plant Tolerance, it is directly entered the delay procedure of controller, plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is restarted behind certain time-delay interval, and enter watering program in detected plant culture matrix humidity humidity value minimum lower than Plant Tolerance, compare the plant culture matrix humidity being continuously detected and Plant Tolerance highest humidity value in watering program, once plant culture matrix humidity is higher than Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, it terminates watering program and enters delay procedure, by between delay Every rear restarting plant culture matrix Humidity Detection.The invention further relates to a kind of plant maintenance work station and a kind of plant maintenance methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant conservation system, for being planted in the plant culture matrix of certain mass and volume
Plant conserved.The invention further relates to a kind of plant maintenance work stations.
Background technique
Flower plant is various in style, and field source is very extensive, and the requirement to moisture is from extremely drought-resistant to extremely hygrophilous；
Requirement to daylight is raw to yin from red-hot sunlight is liked；Requirement to soil is from liking acid humus soil to liking chiltern meta-alkali
Property soil.The microecosystem that these characteristics determine that plant maintenance should be grown from building suitable for plant is started with.Currently on the market
It there is no the product completely the same with the present invention, but have some similar invention/products, can be realized automatic watering function, or
Person plant cultivates function.These product/inventions can substantially be divided into four classes: 1, the timing automatically watering system of household；2, it is based on
The agricultural automation technology (adding agriculture internet of things functional sometimes) of humid control；3, the automatic watering function that can be interacted with mobile device
Flowerpot；4, plant incubator.
Domestic timing automatic watering function system
The principle of domestic timing automatic watering function system is that any set time starting executes within one week using timer
Mechanism (water pump or the running water pipe for being connected to solenoid valve), keeps power supply to connect the defined time (minute), and completion was watered
Journey.The watering device cannot exclude season, aerial temperature and humidity, floristic interference since principle is too simple, therefore cannot
Really support the minisize ecological garden of automatic running.
Agricultural automation technology (adding agriculture internet of things functional sometimes) based on humid control
The basic principle of agricultural automation technology based on humid control is to detect soil moisture, root with humidity sensor
The soil moisture lower and upper limit for needing to water according to the experience setting of crop-planting person.When soil moisture reaches lower limit, open
Solenoid valve starts to water, and when soil moisture reaches the upper limit, closes solenoid valve and stops watering.This technology is agricultural automation
Core technology, but due in crop field, greenhouse crop planting condition and household plant planting system have huge difference,
The technology is not directly adaptable to use home environment.Specific manifestation is: the first, field soil buffer capacity is huge, need not examine substantially
The problem of dilutional hyponatremia leads to plant root anoxic rotten is poured in worry；The second, the crop of field planting compared with the green plant of family planting,
It is suitble to the range of existence similar, will not have huge difference to requirements such as soil moisture, temperature, sunshines as domestic green plant
It is different, therefore do not need that special consideration should be given to floristic influences；Third, automation agricultural technology towards using crowd be with phase
As the professional of plantation experience, the control parameter of irrigation system can rely on the adjustment of user, reach preferable plantation effect
Fruit, and then few professionals participate in family planting, are also difficult to do for the type of plant even with this irrigation system
It adjusts out.
The flower pot with automatic watering function that can be interacted with mobile device
This is the technology newly risen as Internet of Things develops, it searches for certain flowers by network cloud database
Requirement to soil moisture, sunshine, fertilizer is placed in the application program of mobile device；Bluetooth phase is passed through by mobile device and flowerpot
Even, soil moisture in flowerpot is detected, and issues instruction to flowerpot and implements watering proce.This technology considers variety classes plant
The characteristics of, meet the needs of family-raise plant.But there is problems in that 1, this technology does not control soil parameters
System, soil can generate decisive shadow to the humidity range of plant suitable growth first as the key factor for determining plant growth
It rings, next is also possible to cause plant dead due to gas permeability, the difference of retentiveness.2, plant watering process depends on mobile device
Intervention, increase interacting between people and potting, but increase the dependence to mobile device and human factor simultaneously, and uncomfortable
Close the busy crowd for having no time to look after plant of work.It especially will lead to and some enjoy a lot wet Plant death.
Plant incubator
This product is to provide suitable illumination, soil (or water planting), constant humidity in closed system for plant.But by
Then closed system cannot effectively be exchanged with domestic environment, cannot play adjustment effect to indoor air environment, due to
System is all made of artificial regulatory to all plant growth parameters, and space, energy occupancy are more, does not meet the demand of household.
Applicants contemplate that realizing that the key technical problem of intelligent plant maintenance is following three aspects:
One, demand of the plant to soil is diversified, it is desirable that soil has enough organic matters, various trace elements,
Other than the chemical property of soil, physical property of soil such as porosity, water retention property, permeability etc. is to plant growth
With crucial effect.In addition, above-mentioned physicochemical property can have an important influence on the control parameter of intelligent curing system.
Two, demand of the plant to moisture, which has, sees and dry sees that wet feature, i.e. the control target of soil moisture should not be one
Steady state value, but need to carry out periodical regulation in a certain range.
Three, the either detection of soil moisture, or the control target of intelligent plant maintenance work station, require moisture and exist
It is in substantially uniform distribution in soil, is possible to the stable operation for guaranteeing to detect and control system.It will be appreciated, however, that native
The diffusion velocity of moisture is relatively slow in earth, and a usual potted flower, which needs one after pouring, more than hour can make moisture in the soil
It is evenly distributed.Another aspect executing agency to pour water speed very fast, entire watering proce can be usually completed in several minutes.
Therefore, in the feedback control system, the time constant t1 of goal systems and the time constant t2 of control executing agency have very
Big difference (difference of decades of times).Above-mentioned 2,3 features propose very big challenge to classical PID control.
Four, flowers flowerpot and landscape potted landscape in the market, it is common all for based on a kind of plant, it is relatively single, and it is a variety of
The system of plant collocation often only consider from aesthetical point, it is different to the tolerance of soil moisture to ignore different plants.
Accordingly, it is desirable to be able to obtain it is a kind of can in the case where neglected autonomous operation, plant suitable for home use
Curing system.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention include providing a kind of plant conservation system, which can be right
The plant culture matrix carries out effective Humidity Detection and carries out specific aim watering to conserved plant.
Above-mentioned technical problem is solved by a kind of plant conservation system according to the present invention, which uses
It is conserved in the plant in the plant culture matrix for being planted in certain mass and volume.The plant conservation system includes watering
Device, the watering device is for watering to plant culture matrix；The plant conservation system further includes humidity detector,
The humidity detector is arranged to be suitable for certain detection time interval, such as within 10 seconds, constantly to the plant
The humidity of object culture substrate is detected.
Certain watering time interval, for moisture, uniformly diffusion provides the time in plant culture matrix, and moisture is being planted
The absorption for promoting the root system of conserved plant to moisture is uniformly distributed in object culture medium；Humidity detector, which is realized, trains plant
The instant moisture monitoring and instantaneous feedback of matrix are supported, the instant moisture monitoring is conducive to the plant with the instantaneous feedback and supports
Precise control of the protecting system to conserved plant.
The plant conservation system further includes computing module, and the computing module is according to the volume of the plant culture matrix
With quality and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and Plant Tolerance preset, specific to conserved plant
It calculates and promotes plant culture matrix humidity to the phase needed for Plant Tolerance highest humidity value from the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance
Hope irrigation amount Q1.
It, should not be until plant is from shape in view of plant watering should be before plant growth be not affected by water shortage influence with regard to carrying out
It is just carried out when manifesting water shortage in state.For example, in orchard, when orchard soil water content is reduced to the 50% of field capacity
When, it is necessary to it pours water in time.The field capacity 60%~80% of general orchard soil is most appropriate.Remain such wet
Degree, there is no need to pour water.Therefore, existing between practical irrigation amount Q2 and expectation irrigation amount Q1 to meet conserved plant demand
Experience percentage relation.Therefore, the practical irrigation amount for being suitable for each watering program can be calculated according to desired irrigation amount Q1
Q2。
Since the habit of variety classes plant is different, lead to Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and the plant of variety classes plant
It is resistant to that minimum humidity value difference is very big, accurately determines that the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value of conserved plant and Plant Tolerance are minimum
Humidity value is the prerequisite that the computing module can effectively work.In the present invention, specific for the one kind conserved
Plant, the practical irrigation amount Q2 of the plant conservation system be it is certain, in this way can to avoid because environmental factor variation cause
The practical irrigation amount changes, to endanger the stable operation of the plant conservation system.
The plant conservation system further includes controller, and the controller starting plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is simultaneously subsequent
Detected plant culture matrix humidity is compared with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and in detected plant
When culture substrate humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, it is directly entered the delay procedure of the controller, is prolonged described
Pass through certain time delay interval, such as 4~48 hours in Shi Chengxu, afterwards restarting plant culture matrix Humidity Detection, and
Enter watering program when detected plant culture matrix humidity is lower than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value.Wherein, in institute
It states and plant is cultivated according to the computing module calculated practical irrigation amount Q2 with the watering device in watering program
Matrix is watered, and in watering program the plant culture matrix humidity that is continuously detected the humidity detector with
The Plant Tolerance highest humidity value is compared, once the plant culture matrix humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance most high humidity
Angle value then terminates the delay procedure that watering program enters the controller, plant culture is restarted after the time delay interval
Soil humidity detection.
The controller judges whether start-up study program according to the instantaneous feedback information of the humidity detector, in turn
It controls whether that the computing module is needed to work on, if need to start the watering device.The time delay interval is conducive to
Diffusion of the moisture in the plant culture matrix can be improved the accurate of the instantaneous testing result of the humidity detector
Property.
Above-mentioned technical problem can also be solved by a kind of plant conservation system according to the present invention, the plant maintenance
System is for conserving the plant in the plant culture matrix for being planted in certain mass and volume.The plant conservation system packet
Include: watering device, the watering device is for watering to plant culture matrix；The plant conservation system further include: be used for
Plant the main plant culture substrate region of the plant culture matrix of main plant；For planting the plant of auxiliary plant
The auxiliary plant culture matrix region of object culture substrate, wherein the main plant and the respective plant of the auxiliary plant are resistance to
There is the COMMON VALUES field of overlapping by the range between highest humidity value and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance, and the COMMON VALUES field accounts for
The ratio of range between the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and Plant Tolerance of the main plant is more public than this
Codomain accounts for the ratio of the range between the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance of the auxiliary plant more
Greatly；And humidity detector, the humidity detector are arranged as being adapted to detect for the wet of main plant culture substrate region
Degree.
The humidity detector is arranged to be suitable for certain detection time interval spans to the main plant
The humidity of culture substrate is detected；Also, plant conservation system further include: computing module, the computing module is according to institute
State the volume and quality and Plant Tolerance highest humidity value preset, specific to conserved plant of plant culture matrix
It is calculated with the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance and promotes main plant culture substrate region humidity from the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance
To expectation irrigation amount (Q1) needed for Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, and the practical irrigation amount of each watering program is obtained accordingly
(Q2)；
Controller, the controller start plant culture matrix Humidity Detection and then train detected main plant
Matrix areas humidity is supported compared with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and in detected main plant culture substrate area
When domain humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, it is directly entered the delay procedure of the controller, in the delay procedure
It is middle that plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is restarted after certain time delay interval, and in detected main plant culture
Enter watering program when matrix areas humidity is lower than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, wherein in the watering program with
The watering device waters to plant culture matrix according to the calculated practical irrigation amount (Q2) of the computing module,
And, wherein the main plant culture substrate region humidity for being continuously detected the humidity detector in watering program
It is compared with the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, once main plant culture substrate region humidity is higher than the plant
It is resistant to highest humidity value, then terminates the delay procedure that watering program enters the controller, is opened again after the time delay interval
Animals and plants culture substrate Humidity Detection.
Intelligence plant maintenance work station provided by the invention includes two or more plant composition plant microecology
System, wherein main plant and auxiliary plant are distinguished by tolerance of the plant to soil moisture.The root system of plant is to soil
Humidity has the range of a tolerance, should ensure that in a potting system, and the smallest soil moisture tolerance range is main plant.
That is, various main plants and the respective Plant Tolerance highest humidity value of auxiliary plant and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance it
Between range have overlapping COMMON VALUES field, and the COMMON VALUES field account for the main plant Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and
The ratio of range between the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance accounts for the Plant Tolerance most high humidity of the auxiliary plant than the COMMON VALUES field
The ratio of range between angle value and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance is bigger.
A main plant and several auxiliary plants are generally comprised in one microecosystem.If in microecosystem
Include two main plants in system, then requires the soil moisture tolerance range of all main plants almost the same.
Main plant culture substrate region has several, is respectively used to plant identical or different main plant, institute
Stating auxiliary plant culture matrix region has several, is respectively used to plant identical or different auxiliary plant.The main plant
Culture substrate region and the auxiliary plant culture matrix area distribution are also possible in mutually in different level height layers
The mode of outer encirclement is arranged, or is erected in the plant culture matrix side by side.
A kind of preferred implementing form according to the present invention, according to the temperature of plant conservation system local environment, illumination, air
Humidity calculates the plant culture matrix from the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value to the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance
Speed is spontaneously dried, and is thus set between the detection time interval of the humidity detector and the delay of the delay procedure
Every.With in the time delay interval, moisture can effectively be spread in the plant culture matrix at interval between in the detection；
With in the time delay interval, the moisture in plant culture matrix can be suitably because evaporating and being inhaled at interval between in the detection
It receives by changeable few, the variation of the moisture in the plant culture, which meets plant, to be seen and dry see wet water-requiring property requirement.See dry
See wet essential term when being flower planting, it is intended that once irrigate when watering, then pour again until soil parches fastly
Secondary water, its effect are to prevent from pouring dilutional hyponatremia leading to rotten and moisture-induced pest and disease damage.
The practical irrigation amount Q2 of a kind of preferred implementing form according to the present invention, each watering program is the expectation
The product for the empirical parameter that irrigation amount Q1 and the water shortage irrigation theory obtain.The expectation irrigation amount Q1 decision is described actually to pour
Water Q2, and the expectation irrigation amount Q1 is determined by the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance and Plant Tolerance highest humidity value.
A kind of preferred implementing form according to the present invention is divided into several seconds between the detection time of the humidity detector.
In order to which meet different classes of plant needs water requirement, the plant conservation system is needed to make a response in time at different times,
Also, the humidity detector should accomplish instantaneously detection, instantaneous feedback, in order to which the controller makes accurate judgement,
Therefore the detection time interval of the detection device is traditionally arranged to be several seconds.
A kind of preferred implementing form according to the present invention, the time delay interval of the delay procedure are several hours.It is described to prolong
Time be divided into diffusion of the moisture in the plant culture matrix, conserved plant for moisture absorption, meet and conserve plant
Object see it is dry see that wet habit provides the sufficient time, therefore be traditionally arranged to be several hours.
On the other hand, the technical problem to be solved by the invention also includes providing a kind of plant maintenance work station, the plants
Maintenance work station can satisfy the diversified demand that different crowd conserves plant in different environments.
A kind of plant maintenance work station that this technical problem is addressed through the invention is solved, including plant culture
Matrix and container for plants and above-mentioned plant conservation system, the container for plants are designed to be used as holding the plant culture
Matrix.
A kind of preferred implementing form according to the present invention, the container for plants are highly-breathable container.The container for plants
High ventilating performance can be improved diffusion velocity of the moisture in the culture substrate, the highly-breathable container is suitable for the plant
The application at object maintenance work station, while when highly-breathable selects container for plant maintenance person, provides wider range of choice.
Moisture needed for plant growth can be accurately controlled as plant conservation system of the present invention, even if thus in use example
As basket when highly-breathable container planting plants, it can also guarantee that plant obtains suitable moisture condition always.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows by introducing Internet of Things, fuzzy control, the concepts such as ecology construct one can be with
From the bionic micro-ecology garden of maintenance, can be run to autonomous stabilisation in the case where neglected；Due to can be with autonomous stabilisation
Ground operation, thus it is less to placing space requirement, it can be placed at the top of shelf top, bookcase and wardrobe, hang on ceiling
Equal positions, are not take up indoor resident's activity space, form a three-dimensional indoor garden；It can be used in most of families.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned attribute, feature and advantage and its implementation of the invention will be below in the schematic description of embodiment
It becomes more apparent upon and is easier to understand, and be explained in greater detail below with reference to attached drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of plant conservation system of the invention.
Fig. 2A is the work flow diagram of one embodiment of plant conservation system of the invention.
Fig. 2 B is the work flow diagram of another embodiment of plant conservation system of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the design schematic diagram of plant conservation system of the invention.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively illustrates the plant of the invention of the combination suitable for different main plants and auxiliary plant
Curing system.
Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C shows main plant culture substrate region and assists the various combination arrangement in plant culture region
Situation.
Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B respectively illustrate auxiliary plant whether is added for main plant growth in the form of control curve
Different Effects.
Wherein, each appended drawing reference are as follows: 1 orchid；The fine and closely woven medium of 2 large leaf plant, 3 porous medium 4；5 detections
Point；6 small shrubs；7 ground cover plants；E experimental group；C control group.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing the present invention in more detail, comprehensively describe.Show in attached drawing
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is gone out.But come in many different forms it should be readily apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention can have
It realizes, however it is not limited to embodiment described hereinafter.
According to one embodiment of present invention, as shown in Figure 1, plant conservation system, for be planted in certain mass and
Plant in the plant culture matrix of volume is conserved, which includes watering device, and the watering device is used
It waters in plant culture matrix；The plant conservation system further includes humidity detector, which is set
It is set to and is suitable for detecting the humidity of the plant culture matrix with certain detection time interval spans.The plant is supported
Protecting system further includes computing module, and the computing module is according to the volume and quality of the plant culture matrix and presets
, calculate plant culture specific to the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and Plant Tolerance of conserved plant
Matter humidity is promoted from the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance to expectation irrigation amount needed for Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, and according to water shortage
Irrigation theory obtains the practical irrigation amount of each watering program.For example, using 0.8 as water shortage irrigation theory empirical parameter, then
The practical irrigation amount Q2 of each watering program is the product of expectation the irrigation amount Q1 and empirical parameter 0.8.
The plant conservation system further includes controller, and the controller starting plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is simultaneously subsequent
Detected plant culture matrix humidity is compared with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and in detected plant
When culture substrate humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, it is directly entered the delay procedure of the controller, is prolonged described
Plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is restarted in Shi Chengxu after certain time delay interval, and is trained in detected plant
Enter watering program when supporting soil humidity lower than the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, wherein with institute in the watering program
Watering device is stated to water to plant culture matrix according to the calculated practical irrigation amount of the computing module, and
The plant culture matrix humidity and the Plant Tolerance most high humidity for being continuously detected the humidity detector in watering program
Angle value is compared, once the plant culture matrix humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, then terminates watering journey
Sequence enters the delay procedure of the controller, and plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is restarted after the time delay interval.Wherein,
It is divided between the detection time of the humidity detector several seconds.Shorter time interval is conducive to the humidity detector will
Instantaneous detection information timely feedbacks.And the time delay interval of the delay procedure is several hours.Longer time delay interval can allow
Moisture is effectively spread in the plant culture matrix.
Wherein, for the selection of Plant Tolerance highest, minimum humidity value, following example can be referred to:
Example 1: the plant planted is epipremnum aureum, and the quality of weighing plant culture matrix first is a, then in plant culture
The quality 5a of water is added in matter, water and native mass ratio are 5:1, are determined as the tolerance highest humidity value of epipremnum aureum with this.
Example 2: the plant planted is certain succulent, and the weight of weighing plant culture matrix first is b, when plant is trained
The weight of matrix is supported when being reduced to 0.5b, the minimum humidity value of tolerance which is determined as with this.
Although only being illustrated herein with epipremnum aureum and succulent, the characteristic of accurate control moisture of the invention determines it
Finer plant is obtained for curing requirements suitable for iris, dendrobium nobile, cape jasmine etc..
Fig. 2 B shows the work flow diagram of plant conservation system of the invention.Controller starts plant culture matrix humidity
It detects and then detected plant culture matrix humidity compares with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and examined
When the plant culture matrix humidity measured is higher than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, it is directly entered the delay journey of the controller
Sequence restarts plant culture matrix Humidity Detection in the delay procedure after certain time delay interval, and is being examined
Enter watering program when the plant culture matrix humidity measured is lower than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value.In the watering program
In with the watering device according to the calculated practical irrigation amount (Q2) of the computing module to plant culture matrix carry out
Watering, and the plant culture matrix humidity for being continuously detected the humidity detector in watering program and the plant
Tolerance highest humidity value is compared, once the plant culture matrix humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, then
The delay procedure that watering program enters the controller is terminated, plant culture matrix humidity is restarted after the time delay interval
Detection.Similarly, Fig. 2A shows the work flow diagram of the embodiment of detection main plant culture substrate region humidity.
Fig. 3 shows the design schematic diagram of plant conservation system of the invention.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of plant maintenance work station comprising plant culture matrix puts the plant culture
The container for plants of matrix and the plant conservation system.The plant culture matrix is, for example, soil, vermiculite, sphagna etc..
According to the particular demands of plant, above-mentioned container for plants can also adopt the highly-breathable container of such as basket.The container for plants
High ventilating performance can be improved diffusion velocity of the moisture in the culture substrate, and the highly-breathable container is suitable for the plant
The application at maintenance work station, while when highly-breathable selects container for plant maintenance person, provides wider range of choice.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of plant maintenance method, the plant maintenance method uses above-mentioned plant maintenance system
System, which is characterized in that the plant maintenance method is the following steps are included: step 1: the Plant Tolerance highest of conserved plant is determined
Humidity value and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance；Step 2: detection plant culture matrix humidity value；Step 3: will be detected
Plant culture matrix humidity value is made comparisons with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and is determined to enter delay journey according to comparison result
Sequence or watering program, when the plant culture matrix humidity value detected is greater than the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, directly into
Enter delay procedure, re-execute the steps two and step 3 after certain time delay interval in the delay procedure；Work as detection
When the plant culture matrix humidity value arrived is lower than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, start to execute journey of watering to conserve plant
Sequence；Wherein, conserved plant is poured according to the calculated practical irrigation amount (Q2) of computing module in the watering program
Water is performed simultaneously following steps: step 4: persistently detecting plant culture matrix humidity；Step 5: detected plant is trained
It supports soil humidity to be compared with the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, when the plant culture matrix humidity value detected is higher than institute
When stating Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, terminates watering program and enter delay procedure, re-executed after the time delay interval
Step 2 and step 3.
Fig. 4 show iris Tiny ecosystem plant conservation system, including (great Ye plants for iris (orchid 1) and the white palm
Object 2) two kinds of plants.The soil moisture-proof range of iris is 20-40%, and the soil moisture-proof range of the white palm is 20-60%, from
And determining that iris is main plant, the white palm is auxiliary plant.Plant culture, iris training are arranged with rectilinear partition method
It supports matrix and chooses porous medium 3, be herein the sphagna of loose type, it is herein narrow categorizing style that white palm culture substrate, which is fine and closely woven medium 4,
Culture medium humidity detector is set to the table of sphagna by the characteristics of Nutrition Soil according to main plant iris with aerial root is main
Two centimeters under face link computing module and controller, according to soil moisture control algolithm provided by the present application to botanical system
It is conserved.Plant basket volume is 3.5 liters in this example, 150 milliliters of each irrigation amount.40 days by a definite date Germicidal efficacies are carried out, are remembered
Record soil moisture changes with time and vegetation growth state.
The control experiment of iris Tiny ecosystem plant conservation system is Plant basket individually permeable in four wall air-impermeable bottoms
Middle filling sphagna, and individually transplant the iris of quantity identical as curing system.Plant basket volume is 3.5 liters, i.e. sphagna volume
It is 3.5 liters, the probe of culture medium humidity detector is set to two centimeters under sphagna surface, connects computing module and control
Device conserves plant according to the soil moisture control algolithm that this patent provides.Each 150 milliliters of irrigation amount.It is scheduled to last
Experiment in 40 days, daily samples soil, using drying front and back weight method observe and record soil moisture, change over time with
And vegetation growth state.
It tests and is carried out in summer.Soil moisture change is as shown in Figure 7 A.The soil of iris Tiny ecosystem plant conservation system
For humidity under the conditions of higher levels of humidity, the retention time is shorter；Control group keeps higher levels of humidity in certain section of period culture medium for a long time.It is right
According to group after iris transplanting, occurs bud drop in one month, plant conservation system is all gone well.
Fig. 5 show cuckoo Tiny ecosystem plant conservation system, including belgian azalea (small shrub 6) and Sagina subulata (
By plant 7) two kinds of plants.The soil moisture-proof range of belgian azalea is 40-60%, and the soil moisture-proof range of Sagina subulata is
40-70%, so that it is determined that cuckoo is main plant, Sagina subulata is auxiliary plant.With the arrangement plant culture of horizontal partition method
Base, wherein porous medium 3 chooses haydite in this example, and fine and closely woven medium 4 chooses Nutrition Soil in this example；Haydite, which is layed in plantation, to be held
The bottom and upper surface of device, thickness are respectively the 1/10 of Plant basket；It chooses Sagina subulata and is paved with entire Plant basket in culture medium top.
Belgian azalea is transplanted to culture substrate center, transplants Sagina subulata in surrounding topsoil.In view of belgian azalea
Root system is more flourishing, is grown on substrate base more, therefore sets the bottom of fine and closely woven medium as sampled point.Soil moisture is detected and is filled
The probe set is placed at sampled point, links computing module and controller, the soil moisture control algolithm pair provided according to this patent
Botanical system is conserved.
Plant basket volume is 3.5 liters in this example, 150 milliliters of each irrigation amount.40 days by a definite date Germicidal efficacies are carried out, daily
Soil is sampled, is changed with time and vegetation growth state using drying front and back weight method record soil moisture.
The control experiment of belgian azalea is individually to load fine and closely woven medium in the permeable Plant basket of four wall air-impermeable bottoms,
Transplant azalea.Plant basket volume is 3.5 liters, and culture medium humidity sampled point is set to fine and closely woven medium bottom, places soil moisture
Detection probe connects computing module and controller, is conserved according to the soil moisture control algolithm that this patent provides to plant.
Each 150 milliliters of irrigation amount.The experiment for carrying out 40 days by a definite date, daily samples soil, is seen using drying front and back weight method
Record soil moisture is examined, is changed over time and vegetation growth state.
It tests and is carried out in spring.Soil moisture change is as shown in Figure 7 B.Plant conservation system is protected under the conditions of higher levels of humidity
It is shorter to hold the time；Control group keeps higher levels of humidity in certain section of period culture medium for a long time.There is flowerpot in some period in control group
Seeping phenomenon in pallet, moisture evaporation and plant transpiration effect be not strong in matrix, causes the humidity in culture substrate long-term
Keep high level, moisture be not easy to be discharged in addition soil in moisture reach saturation state, be unfavorable for growth and the florescence of azalea
Maintenance.In addition, ponding also brings potential risk to the use of device.
Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C shows the different combinations of porous medium and fine and closely woven medium, and wherein Fig. 6 B is top view cross section
Figure.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of plant conservation system, for being supported to the plant in the plant culture matrix for being planted in certain mass and volume
Shield, the plant conservation system include:
Watering device, the watering device is for watering to plant culture matrix；
It is characterized in that, the plant conservation system further include:
For planting the main plant culture substrate region of the plant culture matrix of main plant；
For planting the auxiliary plant culture matrix region of the plant culture matrix of one or more auxiliary plants, wherein
Between the main plant and the respective Plant Tolerance highest humidity value of the auxiliary plant and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance
Range has the COMMON VALUES field of overlapping, and the COMMON VALUES field accounts for Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and the plant of the main plant
The ratio for being resistant to the range between minimum humidity value accounts for the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value of the auxiliary plant than the COMMON VALUES field
The ratio of range between the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance is bigger；And
Humidity detector, the humidity detector are arranged as being adapted to detect for the humidity in main plant culture substrate region.
2. plant conservation system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the watering device, which is arranged to refer to, to be examined
The humidity in the main plant culture substrate region measured is watered.
3. plant conservation system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the humidity detector is arranged to be suitable for
With certain detection time interval spans the humidity of the main plant culture substrate is detected；Also,
The plant conservation system further include:
Computing module, the computing module is according to the volume and quality of the plant culture matrix and preset, specific
It calculates in the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and Plant Tolerance of conserved plant by main plant culture substrate
Region humidity is promoted from the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance to expectation irrigation amount (Q1) needed for Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, and according to
This obtains the practical irrigation amount (Q2) of each watering program；
Controller, the controller start plant culture matrix Humidity Detection and then by detected main plant culture mediums
Matter region humidity is and wet in detected main plant culture substrate region compared with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance
When spending humidity value minimum higher than the Plant Tolerance, it is directly entered the delay procedure of the controller, is passed through in the delay procedure
Plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is restarted after crossing certain time delay interval, and in detected main plant culture substrate
Enter watering program when region humidity is lower than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value,
Wherein, in the watering program with the watering device according to the calculated practical irrigation amount of the computing module
(Q2) it waters to plant culture matrix, also,
Wherein, in watering program the main plant culture substrate region humidity that is continuously detected the humidity detector with
The Plant Tolerance highest humidity value is compared, once main plant culture substrate region humidity is resistance to higher than the plant
By highest humidity value, then the delay procedure that watering program enters the controller is terminated, is restarted after the time delay interval
Plant culture matrix Humidity Detection.
4. plant conservation system according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the main plant culture
Matrix areas has several, is respectively used to plant identical or different main plant, the auxiliary plant culture matrix region has
Several, are respectively used to plant identical or different auxiliary plant.
5. plant conservation system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that main plant culture substrate region and institute
Auxiliary plant culture matrix area distribution is stated in different level height layers.
6. plant conservation system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that main plant culture substrate region and institute
Auxiliary plant culture matrix region is stated to arrange in a manner of mutually inside and outside encirclement.
7. plant conservation system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that main plant culture substrate region and institute
Auxiliary plant culture matrix region is stated to be erected at side by side in the plant culture matrix.
8. a kind of plant conservation system, for being supported to the plant in the plant culture matrix for being planted in certain mass and volume
Shield, the plant conservation system include:
Watering device, the watering device is for watering to plant culture matrix；
It is characterized in that, the plant conservation system further include:
Humidity detector, the humidity detector are arranged to be suitable for certain detection time interval spans to the plant
The humidity of object culture substrate is detected；
Computing module, the computing module is according to the volume and quality of the plant culture matrix and preset, specific
It calculates in the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and Plant Tolerance of conserved plant by plant culture matrix humidity
It is promoted from the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance to expectation irrigation amount (Q1) needed for Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, and obtained accordingly every
The practical irrigation amount (Q2) of a watering program；
Controller, the controller starting plant culture matrix Humidity Detection are simultaneously then wet by detected plant culture matrix
It spends compared with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and resistance to higher than the plant in detected plant culture matrix humidity
When by minimum humidity value, it is directly entered the delay procedure of the controller, certain time delay interval is passed through in the delay procedure
Plant culture matrix Humidity Detection is restarted afterwards, and is lower than the Plant Tolerance in detected plant culture matrix humidity
Enter watering program when minimum humidity value,
Wherein, in the watering program with the watering device according to the calculated practical irrigation amount of the computing module
(Q2) it waters to plant culture matrix, also,
Wherein, the plant culture matrix humidity being continuously detected the humidity detector in watering program and the plant
Tolerance highest humidity value is compared, once the plant culture matrix humidity is higher than the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, then
The delay procedure that watering program enters the controller is terminated, plant culture matrix humidity is restarted after the time delay interval
Detection.
9. the plant conservation system according to claim 3 or 8, which is characterized in that
According to constituent contents, hole such as the predetermined content of organic matter in main plant culture substrate region, N P and Ks
The predetermined ventilating performance of rate, retentiveness and gas permeability and the container for plants calculates the main plant culture
And thus matrix areas is from the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value to the natural drying speed of the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance,
Set the detection time interval of the humidity detector and the time delay interval of the delay procedure.
10. the plant conservation system according to claim 3 or 8, which is characterized in that
The practical irrigation amount (Q2) of each watering program is the expectation irrigation amount (Q1) and a conversion coefficient between 0-1
Product.
11. the plant conservation system according to claim 3 or 8, which is characterized in that
It is divided between the detection time of the humidity detector within 10 seconds.
12. the plant conservation system according to claim 3 or 8, which is characterized in that
The time delay interval of the delay procedure is 4~48 hours.
13. a kind of plant maintenance work station, comprising:
Plant culture matrix；
Container for plants, the container for plants are designed to be used as holding the plant culture matrix；
And plant conservation system described in any one of -12 according to claim 1.
14. plant maintenance work station according to claim 13, which is characterized in that
The container for plants is highly-breathable container.
15. a kind of plant maintenance method, the plant maintenance method is using plant maintenance system described in -12 according to claim 1
System, which is characterized in that the plant maintenance method the following steps are included:
Step 1: the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance of conserved plant are determined；
Step 2: detection main plant culture substrate region humidity value；
Step 3: detected main plant culture substrate region humidity value and the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance are made into ratio
Compared with, and determined to enter delay procedure or watering program according to comparison result, when the main plant culture substrate region detected is wet
When angle value is greater than the Plant Tolerance minimum humidity value, it is directly entered delay procedure, by certain in the delay procedure
Two and step 3 are re-execute the steps after time delay interval；When the main plant culture substrate region humidity value detected is lower than described
When the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance, start to execute conserved plant watering program；
Wherein, conserved plant is poured according to the calculated practical irrigation amount (Q2) of computing module in the watering program
Water is performed simultaneously following steps:
Step 4: main plant culture substrate region humidity is persistently detected；
Step 5: detected main plant culture substrate region humidity is compared with the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value
Compared with, when the main plant culture substrate region humidity value detected is higher than the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, termination watering
Program simultaneously enters delay procedure, re-execute the steps two and step 3 after the time delay interval.
16. a kind of plant maintenance method, the plant maintenance method is using plant maintenance system described in -12 according to claim 1
System, which is characterized in that the plant maintenance method the following steps are included:
Step 1: the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value and the minimum humidity value of Plant Tolerance of conserved plant are determined；
Step 2: detection plant culture matrix humidity value；
Step 3: detected plant culture matrix humidity value is made comparisons with the minimum humidity value of the Plant Tolerance, and root
It determines to enter delay procedure or watering program according to comparison result, when the plant culture matrix humidity value detected is greater than the plant
When being resistant to minimum humidity value, it is directly entered delay procedure, is held again after certain time delay interval in the delay procedure
Row step 2 and step 3；When the plant culture matrix humidity value detected humidity value minimum lower than the Plant Tolerance, open
Begin to execute conserved plant watering program；
Wherein, conserved plant is poured according to the calculated practical irrigation amount (Q2) of computing module in the watering program
Water is performed simultaneously following steps:
Step 4: plant culture matrix humidity is persistently detected；
Step 5: detected plant culture matrix humidity is compared with the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, works as inspection
When the plant culture matrix humidity value measured is higher than the Plant Tolerance highest humidity value, terminates watering program and enter delay journey
Sequence re-execute the steps two and step 3 after the time delay interval.
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| WO2019047869A1 (en) | 2019-03-14 |
| CN109362543B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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