CN109362340B - Pneumatic type grain recovering device for splashing of vertical cutting knife of rape combine harvester - Google Patents

Pneumatic type grain recovering device for splashing of vertical cutting knife of rape combine harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109362340B
CN109362340B CN201811465058.8A CN201811465058A CN109362340B CN 109362340 B CN109362340 B CN 109362340B CN 201811465058 A CN201811465058 A CN 201811465058A CN 109362340 B CN109362340 B CN 109362340B
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negative pressure
generator
airflow
air
cutting knife
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CN109362340A (en
Inventor
沐森林
关卓怀
吴崇友
金梅
张敏
梁苏宁
江涛
王刚
李海同
陈旭
吴俊�
汤庆
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12Details of combines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00Parts or details of threshing apparatus

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pneumatic type oilseed rape collecting device with splashing vertical cutting knives of a rape combine harvester, which comprises the vertical cutting knives and a nearside divider, wherein the vertical cutting knives are arranged inside a oilseed collecting bin, the right side of the oilseed collecting bin is connected with a header, a hydraulic motor is arranged on the right upper side of the header, the top end of a third air pipe is connected with the top end of the upper part of a negative pressure air flow generator, and the bottom of the nearside divider is welded on the outer side of the oilseed collecting bin. This rape combine erects cutting knife pneumatic recovery unit that seed grain splashes is at the in-process that uses, and at the in-process that uses that erects the cutting knife, can be fine through the malleation wind channel will erect the cutting knife and collect the rape seed that scatters that the cutting in-process produced, guarantee that whole recovery unit not only can be fine will carry out recovery work apart from the rape seed of the nearer position of negative pressure mouth.

Description

Pneumatic type grain recovering device for splashing of vertical cutting knife of rape combine harvester
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rape combine harvesters, in particular to a pneumatic grain splashing recovery device for a vertical cutting knife of a rape combine harvester.
Background
The rape planting area and the yield of China are in the top of the world, and the planting area is about 1 hundred million mu every year. The natural conditions of various regions are different greatly, the planting system is various, the biological characteristics of the rapes in various regions are different greatly, and the rape harvester has complexity and difficulty. Because rape plants are tall, branched, densely distributed, crossed and dragged, vertical cutters are additionally arranged on the basis of a header of a rice and wheat harvester in most of rape combine harvesters to cut off rape dragged between an uncut area and a cut area. However, when the vertical cutter shears the rape straws, the rape pod can be sheared at the same time, which causes great loss. Header loss can account for 40% -50% of the total loss rate of rape combined harvest, and loss caused by the vertical cutters accounts for 20% -40% of header loss.
In order to reduce the kernel splashing loss caused by the vertical cutting knife, the pneumatic type oilseed rape splashing recovery device for the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester is designed, scattered oilseed rape cut by the vertical cutting knife is recovered, and the rapeseed loss generated in the cutting process of the vertical cutting knife is effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pneumatic type oilseed splashing recovery device for a vertical cutting knife of a rape combine harvester, and the pneumatic type oilseed splashing recovery device is used for solving the problem of oilseed rape splashing loss caused by the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester in the current market in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a pneumatic kernel recovering device with splashing vertical cutting knife of a rape combine harvester comprises a vertical cutting knife and a grain divider, wherein the vertical cutting knife is arranged inside a kernel collecting bin, the right side of the kernel collecting bin is connected with a header, a hydraulic motor is arranged at the upper right of the header, the output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with a fan, an air flow distributor is arranged at the top end of the fan, the top end of the air flow distributor is respectively connected with a first air pipe and a third air pipe, the top end of the first air pipe is connected with one side of a positive pressure air duct, the top end of the positive pressure air duct is arranged inside the kernel collecting bin, the top end of the third air pipe is connected with an air inlet of a negative pressure generator above the negative pressure air flow generator, the left side of the negative pressure air flow generator is connected with a negative pressure recovering port through a second air pipe, and the right side of the, the right side of the divider is installed at the top end of the header, and the bottom of the divider is welded with the bottom of the seed collecting bin.
Preferably, the airflow distributor comprises an airflow distributor air inlet end, a first airflow distributor air outlet and a second airflow distributor air outlet, the top end of the airflow distributor air inlet end is respectively and integrally provided with the first airflow distributor air outlet and the second airflow distributor air outlet, and the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the first airflow distributor air outlet and the second airflow distributor air outlet is 1: 4.
preferably, the tail end of the positive pressure air duct is provided with a positive pressure air outlet, and the positive pressure air outlet is uniformly arranged at the bottom end of the kernel collecting bin.
Preferably, the positive pressure air outlet, the positive pressure air duct and the interior of the first air duct are mutually penetrated.
Preferably, the bottom of the grain collecting bin is welded with the bottom plate of the grain divider, and the grain collecting bin, the bottom plate of the grain divider and the side plates of the header form an opening structure together.
Preferably, the negative pressure airflow generator comprises an air inlet, an air outlet and a negative pressure port, the bottom of the air inlet penetrates through the top of the negative pressure airflow generator and is arranged inside the negative pressure airflow generator, the left side of the negative pressure airflow generator penetrates through the negative pressure port of the negative pressure generator, and the right side of the negative pressure airflow generator penetrates through the air outlet of the negative pressure generator.
The negative pressure opening of the negative pressure generator, the second air pipe, the seed collecting bin and the grain tank are all mutually penetrated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the pneumatic splashing grain recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester aims at the problem that splashed rape grains are difficult to be directly pneumatically collected, and adopts a passive off-line collection strategy of a grain collection bin to pneumatically convey and recover the splashed grains after being collected; aiming at the fact that the rape seeds are light, the movement track under the action of positive pressure gas flow is obviously changed, but the positive pressure gas flow does not restrict the movement of the rape seeds, and the collection effect is seriously interfered by the external environment in the field environment; the negative pressure type recovery device can effectively restrict the movement direction of the rape seeds, but the loss of the negative pressure airflow in the open space is fast, and the effective range is small. In the process of using the pneumatic oilseed recovery device for the splashed oilseed rape of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester, the oilseed rape can be collected by the oilseed collection bin.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the grain collection bin and the positive pressure air duct;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a negative pressure airflow generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a top view of the connection between the hydraulic motor and the fan according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the direction of air flow and material flow in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. erecting a cutter; 2. a fan; 3. an airflow distributor; 301. an air inlet end of the airflow distributor; 302. an air outlet of the first air distributor; 303. a second airflow distributor air outlet; 4. a first air duct; 5. a positive pressure air duct; 501. a positive pressure gas flow outlet; 6. a kernel collecting bin; 7. a negative pressure recovery port; 8. a second air duct; 9. a negative pressure airflow generator; 901. an air inlet of the negative pressure generator; 902. an air outlet of the negative pressure generator; 903. a negative pressure port of the negative pressure generator; 10. a hydraulic motor; 11. a grain bin; 12. a crop divider; 13. a third air duct; 14. a cutting table.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a rape combine erects cutting knife seed grain pneumatic recovery unit that splashes, including erecting cutting knife 1, fan 2, air current distributor 3, first tuber pipe 4, malleation wind channel 5, storehouse 6 is collected to seed grain, negative pressure recovery mouth 7, second tuber pipe 8, negative pressure air current generater 9, hydraulic motor 10, grain tank 11, divider 12, third tuber pipe 13 and header 14, erect cutting knife 1 and set up the inside in storehouse 6 is collected to seed grain, and the right side that storehouse 6 was collected to seed grain is connected with header 14, and hydraulic motor 10 is installed to the upper right side of header 14, the output of hydraulic motor 10 is connected with fan 2, and the top position of fan 2 is provided with air current distributor 3, and the top of air current distributor 3 is connected with first tuber pipe 4 and third tuber pipe 13 respectively, the top of first tuber pipe 4 is connected with one side of wind channel malleation 5, and the top of malleation wind channel 5 sets up the inside of collecting storehouse 6, the top end of the third air pipe 13 is connected with a negative pressure generator air inlet 901 above the negative pressure airflow generator 9, the left side of the negative pressure airflow generator 9 is connected with a negative pressure recovery port 7 through a second air pipe 8, the right side of the negative pressure airflow generator 9 is connected with a grain box 11, the right side of the grain divider 12 is installed at the top end of the header 14, and the bottom of the grain divider 12 is welded with the bottom of the grain collection bin 6.
Airflow distributor 3 includes airflow distributor air inlet end 301, first airflow distributor air outlet 302 and second airflow distributor air outlet 303, and airflow distributor air inlet end 301's top is respectively integrative installs first airflow distributor air outlet 302 and second airflow distributor air outlet 303, and the cross-sectional area ratio of first airflow distributor air outlet 302 and second airflow distributor air outlet 303 is 1: 4, the positive pressure airflow generated by the fan 2 is conveniently divided, so that the airflow entering the air outlet 302 of the first airflow distributor can enter the positive pressure air duct 5, and the airflow entering the air outlet 303 of the second airflow distributor can enter the negative pressure airflow generator 9.
The tail end of the positive pressure air duct 5 is provided with a positive pressure air outlet 501, the positive pressure air outlet 501 is uniformly arranged at the bottom end of the interior of the seed collecting bin 6, the positive pressure air outlet 501 penetrates through the interiors of the positive pressure air duct 5 and the first air pipe 4, so that the positive pressure air flow blows seeds in the seed collecting bin 6, the seeds are blown to the positions close to the negative pressure recovery port 7, then the seeds close to the negative pressure recovery port 7 are sucked into the negative pressure air flow generator 9 through the negative pressure air flow, and then the seeds are pneumatically conveyed to the interior of the grain box 11 through the air outlet 902 of the negative pressure generator.
The bottom of the grain collecting bin 6 is welded with a bottom plate of the grain divider 12, and the grain collecting bin 6, the bottom plate of the grain divider 12 and side plates of the header 14 form an opening structure together.
The negative pressure airflow generator 9 comprises a negative pressure generator air inlet 901, a negative pressure generator air outlet 902 and a negative pressure generator negative pressure port 903 outside, and the bottom of the negative pressure generator air inlet 901 penetrates the top of the negative pressure airflow generator 9 and is arranged inside the negative pressure airflow generator 9, the left side of the negative pressure airflow generator 9 penetrates through the negative pressure port 903 of the negative pressure generator, the right side of the negative pressure airflow generator 9 penetrates through the air outlet 902 of the negative pressure generator, and the negative pressure port 903 of the negative pressure generator, the second air pipe 8, the seed grain collecting bin 6 and the grain bin 11 all penetrate through one another, so that positive pressure airflow entering the negative pressure airflow generator 9 through the air inlet 901 of the negative pressure generator can generate negative pressure airflow under the action of the Venturi principle under the action of the negative pressure airflow generator 9, the purpose of generating negative pressure airflow is achieved, and seed grains are recovered by utilizing negative pressure.
The working principle is as follows: when the oilseed rape combine harvester vertical cutting knife splashing kernel pneumatic recovery device is used, firstly, the hydraulic motor 10 drives the fan 2 to start working, airflow generated by the fan 2 enters the air outlets 302 and 303 of the first airflow distributor and the second airflow distributor respectively through the air inlet end 301 of the airflow distributor at the top end of the airflow distributor 3, the airflow passing through the air outlet 302 of the first airflow distributor passes through the first air pipe 4 and the positive pressure air duct 5 and is ejected out of the positive pressure air outlet 501 in the kernel collection bin 6, the positive pressure airflow blows kernels in the kernel collection bin 6 and blows the kernels to the vicinity of the negative pressure recovery port 7, meanwhile, the airflow passing through the air outlet 303 of the second airflow distributor passes through the third air pipe 13 and the air inlet 901 of the negative pressure generator and enters the negative pressure generator 9, and according to the Venturi principle, negative pressure airflow can be generated at the position of the negative pressure port 903 of the negative pressure generator, because the negative pressure port 903 of the negative pressure generator is connected with the negative pressure recovery port 7 through the second air pipe 8, negative pressure airflow is generated at the negative pressure recovery port 7, the negative pressure airflow sucks the seeds near the negative pressure recovery port 7 into the negative pressure airflow generator 9, and the seeds are pneumatically conveyed to the grain tank 11 through the negative pressure generator air outlet 902, so that the whole recovery work is completed.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a rape combine erects cutting knife seed grain pneumatic recovery unit that splashes, includes vertical cutting knife (1) and divider (12), its characterized in that: the vertical cutting knife (1) is arranged inside the seed collecting bin (6), the right side of the seed collecting bin (6) is connected with the header (14), the hydraulic motor (10) is installed above the right side of the header (14), the output end of the hydraulic motor (10) is connected with the fan (2), the top end of the fan (2) is provided with the air flow distributor (3), the top end of the air flow distributor (3) is respectively connected with the first air pipe (4) and the third air pipe (13), the top end of the first air pipe (4) is connected with one side of the positive pressure air duct (5), the top end of the positive pressure air duct (5) is arranged inside the seed collecting bin (6), the top end of the third air pipe (13) is connected with the negative pressure generator air inlet (901) above the negative pressure air flow generator (9), and the left side of the negative pressure air flow generator (9) is connected with the negative pressure recovery port (7) through the second air pipe (8), the right side of the negative pressure airflow generator (9) is connected with the grain tank (11), the right side of the grain divider (12) is installed at the top end of the cutting table (14), and the bottom of the grain divider (12) is welded with the bottom of the grain collecting bin (6).
2. The pneumatic kernel splashing recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: airflow distributor (3) includes airflow distributor air inlet end (301), first airflow distributor air outlet (302) and second airflow distributor air outlet (303), and the top of airflow distributor air inlet end (301) integrative first airflow distributor air outlet (302) and second airflow distributor air outlet (303) of installing respectively to the cross-sectional area of first airflow distributor air outlet (302) and second airflow distributor air outlet (303) than is 1: 4.
3. the pneumatic kernel splashing recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tail end of the positive pressure air duct (5) is provided with a positive pressure air flow outlet (501), and the positive pressure air flow outlet (501) is uniformly arranged at the bottom end of the kernel collecting bin (6).
4. The pneumatic kernel splashing recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: and the positive pressure air outlet (501), the positive pressure air duct (5) and the first air pipe (4) are mutually penetrated.
5. The pneumatic kernel splashing recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bottom of the grain collecting bin (6) is welded with the bottom plate of the grain divider (12), and the grain collecting bin (6), the bottom plate of the grain divider (12) and the side plate of the cutting table (14) form an opening structure together.
6. The pneumatic kernel splashing recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the outside of the negative pressure airflow generator (9) comprises a negative pressure generator air inlet (901), a negative pressure generator air outlet (902) and a negative pressure generator negative pressure port (903), the bottom of the negative pressure generator air inlet (901) penetrates through the top end of the negative pressure airflow generator (9) and is arranged inside the negative pressure airflow generator (9), the left side of the negative pressure airflow generator (9) penetrates through the negative pressure generator negative pressure port (903), and the right side of the negative pressure airflow generator (9) penetrates through the negative pressure generator air outlet (902).
7. The pneumatic kernel splashing recovery device of the vertical cutting knife of the rape combine harvester as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that: the negative pressure opening (903) of the negative pressure generator, the second air pipe (8), the grain collecting bin (6) and the grain tank (11) are all mutually penetrated.
CN201811465058.8A 2018-12-03 2018-12-03 Pneumatic type grain recovering device for splashing of vertical cutting knife of rape combine harvester Active CN109362340B (en)

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CN109362340B true CN109362340B (en) 2020-01-17

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5867972A (en) * 1996-08-16 1999-02-09 Claas Kgaa Agricultural machine
KR100820934B1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2008-04-11 대한민국(관리부서:농촌진흥청) The combine equipment for rape harvesting
CN202335242U (en) * 2011-11-28 2012-07-18 王贵国 Cutting platform used for combined harvester and capable of reducing grain loss
CN102860172A (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-09 华中农业大学 Header of rape combine harvester
JP2013135619A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-11 Yanmar Co Ltd Combine harvester
CN103518489A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-22 华中农业大学 Method and device for collecting field falling grains of oilseed rape combine harvester
CN104686062A (en) * 2015-03-19 2015-06-10 青岛农业大学 Pneumatic assisted header device of small-area cereal combine harvester
CN205336874U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-06-29 南京农业大学 District rice and wheat combine air blown type header device
CN108496540A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-07 江苏大学 The low loss rape ceding of Taiwan
CN108575269A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-28 甘肃农业大学 Bionical flax harvesting apparatus and harvesting method
CN209185058U (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-08-02 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of perpendicular cutter splashing seed Pneumatic type recyclable device of rape combined harvester

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130263566A1 (en) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Benjamin M. Lovett Draper header and crop divider knife

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5867972A (en) * 1996-08-16 1999-02-09 Claas Kgaa Agricultural machine
KR100820934B1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2008-04-11 대한민국(관리부서:농촌진흥청) The combine equipment for rape harvesting
CN102860172A (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-09 华中农业大学 Header of rape combine harvester
CN202335242U (en) * 2011-11-28 2012-07-18 王贵国 Cutting platform used for combined harvester and capable of reducing grain loss
JP2013135619A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-11 Yanmar Co Ltd Combine harvester
CN103518489A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-22 华中农业大学 Method and device for collecting field falling grains of oilseed rape combine harvester
CN104686062A (en) * 2015-03-19 2015-06-10 青岛农业大学 Pneumatic assisted header device of small-area cereal combine harvester
CN205336874U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-06-29 南京农业大学 District rice and wheat combine air blown type header device
CN108575269A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-28 甘肃农业大学 Bionical flax harvesting apparatus and harvesting method
CN108496540A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-07 江苏大学 The low loss rape ceding of Taiwan
CN209185058U (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-08-02 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of perpendicular cutter splashing seed Pneumatic type recyclable device of rape combined harvester

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