CN109329187B - Modularized ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function - Google Patents
Modularized ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109329187B CN109329187B CN201811280152.6A CN201811280152A CN109329187B CN 109329187 B CN109329187 B CN 109329187B CN 201811280152 A CN201811280152 A CN 201811280152A CN 109329187 B CN109329187 B CN 109329187B
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a modularized ecological aquaculture unit with a massage function, which is formed by combining an aquaculture module and a cylinder, wherein the cylinder penetrates through the aquaculture module; a massage channel is arranged in the culture module, and a layer of reefs are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the massage channel; a rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the cylinder, two rotating blades are vertically arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating blades below the rotating shaft extend into the massage channel, a plurality of reefs are respectively suspended on the two rotating blades, and a bait slow-release device is arranged at one end of each rotating blade; the lifting rod is arranged on each side of the rotating shaft, and the baffle is supported above the lifting rod and penetrates through the rotating shaft. The aquaculture unit can enable aquatic products to conduct directional circular motion in the aquaculture unit, the reef hung on the rotating blade releases organisms and trace elements through the round holes, the environment in water is enabled to be closer to the natural environment, the reef rubs fish stocks, and parasites on the fish bodies can be removed through friction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a modular ecological aquaculture unit with a trace element release function.
Background
The controlled container culture mode is a modularized aquaculture mode which is started in recent years, and the aquaculture mode is characterized in that a container is reformed, and devices such as water quality measurement and control, video monitoring, physical filtration, biochemical treatment and constant-temperature oxygen supply are arranged in the container, so that the whole process of aquaculture of aquatic products, shrimps and the like is accurately monitored, regulated and controlled, and the culture effects of water control, temperature control, seedling control, material control, bacteria control and algae control are realized.
At present, the container culture modes are specifically divided into the following two types: (1) a land-based water-pushing aquaculture system is based on water-land, a container system is adopted to carry out centralized feeding management on aquatic products, aquaculture sewage generated in the process is filtered and separated in advance, the self-purification capacity of pond water is utilized to degrade harmful substances, and then pond water is pumped back into a container body to complete recycling. The system is usually based on pond water and lake water, and container systems with proper quantity and capacity are constructed nearby the water to form a situation that open water and container closed spaces coexist. (2) The 'one-driving-two culture system' is a culture system consisting of a treatment box and two culture boxes, wherein the treatment box is positioned between the two culture boxes, the treatment box is integrated with the two culture boxes to realize totally-enclosed circulating water culture, and the treatment box comprises system components such as physical filtration, biological purification, ozone sterilization and the like. The aquaculture sewage firstly passes through physical filtering equipment, filters impurities such as excrement and urine, residual bait and the like in water, then is subjected to microbial purification, carries out biological decomposition on harmful substances dissolved in the water, and finally enters the aquaculture box body after sterilization, so that the recycling of aquaculture water is realized.
However, the culture unit of the culture method has high aquatic product density and small culture space, and is easy to cause the phenomena of over-slow growth, frequent diseases or collective death of aquatic products in the culture unit due to oxygen deficiency or environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a modularized ecological aquaculture unit with a trace element release function, which is formed by combining a culture module and a cylinder, wherein the cylinder penetrates through the culture module; a massage channel is arranged in the culture module, and a layer of reefs are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the massage channel; a rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the cylinder, two rotating blades are vertically arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating blades below the rotating shaft extend into the massage channel, a plurality of reefs are respectively suspended on the two rotating blades, and a bait slow-release device is arranged at one end of each rotating blade; the lifting rod is arranged on each side of the rotating shaft, and the baffle is supported above the lifting rod and penetrates through the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the reef suspended on the rotating blade is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of round holes are formed in the reef.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the hollow structure is filled with a microbial filler, a mineral filler, and a trace element filler. The microbial filler comprises bacteria, yeast, mould and the like; the microelements comprise iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese, chromium, selenium, iodine, nickel, fluorine, molybdenum, vanadium, tin, silicon, strontium, boron, rubidium, arsenic, etc.
In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the rotating blades are parallel to the massage passage and located on a central axis of the massage passage.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the bait slow-release device is located on the central axis of the massage channel. The bait slow-release device can be an atomizer.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, a booster pump is arranged above the cylinder.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that an oxygen generator is provided below the cylinder.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the using method of the culture unit comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): putting the aquatic seedlings into the culture unit, so that the aquatic seedlings quickly adapt to the environment in the culture unit and quickly grow;
step (2): lifting the lifting rod, wherein the lifting rod supports the baffle to move upwards, so that the baffle is lifted to a position which is flush with the bottom edge of the massage channel;
and (3): starting the control module, driving the rotating blades to rotate by the rotating shaft, and driving the bait slow-release device to rotate in the massage channel and the cylinder by the rotating blades; the bait released by the bait slow-release device attracts the aquatic products to move along with the rotating blades, the rotating blades rotate to guide the aquatic products to do annular motion in the massage channels and the cylinders of the culture units, and meanwhile, the reefs arranged on the annular path of the aquatic products massage the aquatic products.
The culture module is internally provided with algae and other substances, so that the aquatic seedlings can be quickly adapted to the environment in the culture unit. After the control module is started, the booster pump and the oxygen generator start to work, the oxygen generator is used for increasing the oxygen content in water, and the booster pump is used for reducing the leakage of oxygen in water. The aquatic products are lifted to the middle part of the culture unit, namely the position of the massage channel through the lifting rod and the baffle plate, and then the weight of the aquatic products can be improved through aerobic swimming and reef massage, so that the aquatic products are more compact and delicious.
The modularized ecological aquaculture unit with the microelement releasing function can enable an aquatic product to perform directional circular motion in the aquaculture unit, and increase the oxygen content in water through the oxygen generator and the booster pump, so that the aquatic product performs aerobic motion; meanwhile, the reef massages the aquatic products, so that the immunity of the aquatic products can be improved, and the practical quality of the aquatic products can be improved.
The modularized ecological aquaculture unit is arranged in a modularized ecological aquaculture system, the aquaculture system comprises a plurality of aquaculture units and a plurality of multifunctional units, the aquaculture units are arranged in parallel through pipelines, the multifunctional units are arranged in series through pipelines, and the multifunctional units are connected in parallel with the aquaculture units through pipelines after being connected in series; the multifunctional unit comprises a comprehensive control unit and a water treatment unit, a bait production unit, a bait feeding unit, a water quality monitoring unit and a secondary treatment unit which are connected in sequence; synthesize the management and control unit and be connected with water treatment unit, bait production unit, bait input unit, water quality monitoring unit, secondary processing unit, breed unit.
The multifunctional unit is characterized in that an equipment area, a test area, a monitoring area and a management area are arranged in the comprehensive control unit, a comprehensive controller is arranged in the equipment area, and the comprehensive controller is connected with the multifunctional modules in the multifunctional unit respectively. A water treatment module is arranged in the water treatment unit and comprises a water circulation module and a water purification module; the water circulation module comprises a circulation pump and the water purification module comprises a filtration membrane and/or a decomposing microorganism. The inside of bait production unit is provided with bait production module, bait production module includes animal bait module, plant bait module and artificial bait module. The inside of water quality monitoring unit is provided with water quality monitoring module, water quality monitoring module includes water quality monitoring ware. The inside of secondary treatment unit is provided with the secondary treatment module, the secondary treatment module includes ozone generating device. The inside of breeding the unit is provided with temperature control module, temperature control module includes temperature sensor and heater. The inside of breeding the unit is provided with the monitoring module, the monitoring module includes the camera.
The bait production unit is internally provided with a modular ecological active bait production system, the production system comprises an animal bait module, a plant bait module, an artificial bait module, a combined module and a cultivation module, the cultivation module comprises a cultivation box, the cultivation box is divided into an upper layer space and a lower layer space, a porous partition plate is arranged between the upper layer space and the lower layer space, the upper layer space of the cultivation box is used for cultivating aquatic products, and the lower layer space of the cultivation box is used for placing the animal bait module and the plant bait module; the animal bait module and the plant bait module are connected with the combined module, and the artificial bait module is connected with the combined module; the combined module is connected with a coating machine. The culture box is made of transparent glass, and microorganisms for decomposing aquatic manure are added in the lower-layer space of the culture box.
The production system of the modularized ecological active bait is utilized to produce the ecological active bait, and the production method comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): the method comprises the following steps of dividing a culture box in a production system into an upper layer space and a lower layer space through a porous partition plate, respectively putting animal baits and plant baits into an animal bait module and a plant bait module of the lower layer space, and putting cultured aquatic products into the upper layer space;
step (2): adding microorganisms for decomposing aquatic excrement into the lower-layer space of the culture box;
and (3): the growth of animal baits and plant baits is promoted through the whole environment;
and (4): the method comprises the steps of respectively putting the grown animal baits and the plant baits into the combined module, putting the artificial baits into the combined module, mixing the three baits, coating by using a coating machine to form ecological active baits, and then performing odorization treatment outside the coating.
The coating is a film coating. The aperture of the porous partition board is smaller than any value of the length, the width and the height of the animal feed. The breeding box is placed in a position with illumination, and the lower part of the side surface of the breeding box is provided with an opening.
The bait comprises animal bait, plant bait, artificial bait, film coating and flavoring agent; the bait comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of animal bait, 10-15 parts of plant bait, 5-10 parts of artificial bait, 0.5-1 part of film coating and 0.1-0.3 part of flavoring agent.
The artificial bait comprises probiotics, chelated iron elements and spinach powder; the artificial bait comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of probiotics, 1-10 parts of chelated iron element and 5-20 parts of spinach powder, wherein the adding amount ratio of the probiotics to the chelated iron element to the spinach powder is 1-3:0.5-1: 1-3. The probiotics are probiotic powder.
The animal feed comprises red worms, earthworms and water lice; the adding amount ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice is 1:1: 0.1-0.3; the plant bait comprises chlorella and aquatic weeds; the addition ratio of the chlorella to the aquatic weed is 1: 0.1-0.4.
The preparation method of the ecological bait comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): preparing various substances in the animal bait according to a certain proportion, preparing various substances in the plant bait according to a certain proportion, and culturing the prepared animal bait and the prepared plant bait in a symbiotic environment;
step (2): freeze-drying the cultured animal baits and plant baits, and respectively grinding the animal baits and the plant baits into powder to obtain animal bait powder and plant bait powder;
and (3): weighing probiotics, chelated iron elements and spinach powder according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing the probiotics and the spinach powder, and coating the mixture by using a film coating; spraying the chelated iron element outside the film coating;
and (4): mixing the coating substance prepared in the step (3) with animal bait powder and plant bait powder, and coating the mixture by using a film coating;
and (5): spraying flavoring agent and chelated iron element outside the coating material prepared in the step (4) to obtain the ecological bait.
The symbiotic environment is a double-layer water environment structure, and an upper layer space and a lower layer space of the double-layer water environment structure are separated through a porous partition plate. The upper layer space of the double-layer water environment structure is used for cultivating aquatic products, and the lower layer space of the double-layer water environment structure is used for cultivating animal baits and plant baits.
The inside of bait input unit is provided with bait input module, bait input module includes the swirl deconcentrator.
The bait feeding unit is internally provided with a feeding device which comprises a feeding crawler, a steam generator, a flavoring agent adding hopper and a stirring pool, wherein the steam generator and the flavoring agent adding hopper are positioned above the feeding crawler, and the stirring pool is positioned at one end of the feeding crawler. The improved feeding device is characterized in that a support rod is arranged below the feeding crawler, a steam nozzle is arranged below the steam generator, a flavoring agent spraying head is arranged below the flavoring agent feeding hopper, and a stirrer is arranged in the stirring pool.
The method for feeding ecological baits by using the feeding device comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): uniformly and flatly paving the prepared ecological bait on a feeding track of a feeding device;
step (2): with the movement of the feeding crawler, the ecological bait is brought below the steam generator for steam heat treatment; with the further movement of the feeding crawler, the ecological bait is brought below the flavoring agent feeding hopper to be rapidly sprayed with the flavoring agent;
and (3): with the further movement of the feeding crawler belt, quickly bringing the ecological baits obtained in the step (2) into the stirring pool, and uniformly dispersing the ecological baits in the stirring pool through a stirrer in the stirring pool;
and (4): and discharging the water carrying the ecological bait in the stirring pond into a plurality of culture units of the ecological aquaculture system.
The modular ecological aquaculture system has the advantages of high density, zero emission, environmental protection, high efficiency and long term, and can be arranged in different forms according to the conditions of climate, water quality, water resources, markets and the like in different geographical areas. Compared with the prior art, the culture system has the following beneficial effects: (1) the pressure of water environment pollution caused by high culture density can be effectively solved through the combination of different functional units; (2) the problems of uneven feeding and instant oxygen deficiency caused by high aquatic product density of the aquaculture system are solved through the bait feeding unit, so that the cultured aquatic products can grow uniformly and healthily; (3) the prepared feed can be sterilized for the second time through the secondary treatment unit, so that the safety of the feed is ensured; (4) the modularized ecological aquaculture system is simple in structure, scientific in connection, complete in function and remarkable in effect, solves the problems caused by high aquaculture density in the existing aquaculture systems, is safe and environment-friendly, is very convenient to use, and can find that the weight of the aquatic products cultured by the modularized ecological aquaculture system is increased by not less than 15% and the meat quality is delicious compared with the aquatic products cultured by the existing aquaculture systems through actual comparison.
The modular ecological active bait production system provided by the invention has the advantages that the animal bait and the plant bait are cultured in the aquaculture unit, so that not only is equipment for culturing the bait saved, but also water purification is carried out in the aquaculture unit while the bait is cultured, the production system can be directly connected with the aquaculture system, and real-time production and real-time feeding can be carried out according to the condition of the aquatic products; in addition, the bait produced by the system is wrapped by different coatings on different components, so that the bait produced by the invention can keep the original shape and nutritional components when entering a water circulation system, and has strong attraction and nutritional components for aquatic products.
The ecological bait related by the invention not only is ecological and environment-friendly and has high nutritive value, but also can improve the immunity of aquatic products, and solves the problems of uneven feeding and low feeding efficiency caused by oxygen deficiency in the collective feeding of aquatic products, by combining the probiotics, the spinach powder and the chelated iron element in the coating, can prevent the powder components from collapsing in water, so that the synergistic effect of the three components is fully exerted, firstly, the cell activity of the aquatic product is improved by the trace elements in the spinach powder, thereby improving the absorption of the aquatic products to the nutrient components in the probiotics and the bait, improving the oxygen consumption when the high-density aquatic products take food collectively, causing the water environment to be anoxic, improving the synthesis of the red blood cells of the aquatic products by chelating iron elements, thereby improving the oxygen content in the blood of the aquatic products and the capability of conveying oxygen, providing enough power for the aquatic products, and finally the absorbed probiotics can improve the immunity of the fish and the absorption capability of the bait nutrition. The iron chelate elements are of various types, such as iron amino acid chelates.
Compared with the aquatic products fed by the ecological baits, the aquatic products fed by the ecological baits not only have obviously improved volume, but also are more active, and have delicious meat and strong immunity.
The aquatic product consumes a lot of energy when being fed in a collective way, so that the oxygen consumption of the aquatic product is improved, a transient anoxic environment of the aquatic product can be caused, the synthesis of hemoglobin of the aquatic product is improved by chelating iron elements, and the oxygen content of blood in the aquatic product and the oxygen conveying capacity are improved; the microelements contained in spinach can promote cell activity by stimulating mitochondrion proliferation in biological cells, so that aquatic products can be stabbed to absorb nutritional ingredients in probiotics and bait, thereby accelerating growth and improving immunity.
The ecological bait feeding method is simple, convenient and obvious in effect, can be used for uniformly distributing the bait in water and feeding the bait into the culture unit, solves the problem of nonuniform feed distribution in high-density aquaculture in the prior art, can remove bacteria and microorganisms of the ecological bait by carrying out hot steam treatment and flavor enhancement treatment on the bait with powder inside the coating, can improve the water-resistant time of the powder in the ecological bait, namely keeps the ecological bait integral and does not break away in the water, and improves the bait absorption capacity and feeding efficiency of aquatic products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the modules in the modular ecological aquaculture system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the integrated controller and the multi-function module of the modular ecological aquaculture system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the modules in the system for producing modular ecological active bait according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the ecological bait feeding device in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
The figures are labeled as follows: 1-flavoring agent adding hopper, 11-flavoring agent spraying head, 2-steam generator, 21-steam nozzle, 3-feeding crawler belt, 4-supporting rod, 5-stirring pool, 6-culturing module, 7-cylinder, 8-massage channel, 9-reef, 10-rotating shaft, 11-rotating blade, 12-bait slow-releasing device, 13-lifting rod, 14-baffle, 15-booster pump and 16-oxygen generator.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be further understood, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement releasing function according to the present invention is formed by combining a culture module 6 and a cylinder 7, wherein the cylinder 7 penetrates through the culture module 6; a massage channel 8 is arranged in the culture module 6, and a layer of reefs 9 is uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the massage channel 8; a rotating shaft 10 is vertically arranged in the cylinder 7, two rotating blades 11 are vertically arranged on the rotating shaft 10, the rotating blades 11 below the rotating shaft extend into the massage channel 8, a plurality of reefs 9 are respectively suspended on the two rotating blades 11, and a bait slow-release device 12 is arranged at one end of each reefs; two sides of the rotating shaft 10 are respectively provided with a lifting rod 13, a baffle 14 is supported above the lifting rod 13, and the baffle 14 penetrates through the rotating shaft 10.
The reef suspended on the rotating blade is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of round holes are formed in the reef. And the hollow structure is filled with microbial filler, mineral filler and trace element filler. The microbial filler comprises bacteria, yeast, mould and the like; the microelements comprise iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese, chromium, selenium, iodine, nickel, fluorine, molybdenum, vanadium, tin, silicon, strontium, boron, rubidium, arsenic, etc.
The rotating blades are parallel to the massage channel and are positioned on the central axis of the massage channel. The bait slow-release device is positioned on the central axis of the massage channel. The bait slow-release device can be an atomizer. A booster pump 15 is arranged above the cylinder 7, and an oxygen generator 16 is arranged below the cylinder 7. The baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes.
In this embodiment, the use method of the culture unit includes the following steps in order:
step (1): putting the aquatic seedlings into the culture unit, so that the aquatic seedlings quickly adapt to the environment in the culture unit and quickly grow;
step (2): lifting the lifting rod, wherein the lifting rod supports the baffle to move upwards, so that the baffle is lifted to a position which is flush with the bottom edge of the massage channel;
and (3): starting the control module, driving the rotating blades to rotate by the rotating shaft, and driving the bait slow-release device to rotate in the massage channel and the cylinder by the rotating blades; the bait released by the bait slow-release device attracts the aquatic products to move along with the rotating blades, the rotating blades rotate to guide the aquatic products to do annular motion in the massage channels and the cylinders of the culture units, and meanwhile, the reefs arranged on the annular path of the aquatic products massage the aquatic products.
The culture module is internally provided with algae and other substances, so that the aquatic seedlings can be quickly adapted to the environment in the culture unit. After the control module is started, the booster pump and the oxygen generator start to work, the oxygen generator is used for increasing the oxygen content in water, and the booster pump is used for reducing the leakage of oxygen in water. The aquatic products are lifted to the middle part of the culture unit, namely the position of the massage channel through the lifting rod and the baffle plate, and then the weight of the aquatic products can be improved through aerobic swimming and reef massage, so that the aquatic products are more compact and delicious.
The modularized ecological aquaculture unit is arranged in a modularized ecological aquaculture system, the aquaculture system comprises a plurality of aquaculture units and a plurality of multifunctional units, the aquaculture units are arranged in parallel through pipelines, the multifunctional units are arranged in series through pipelines, and the multifunctional units are connected in parallel with the aquaculture units through pipelines after being connected in series; the multifunctional unit comprises a comprehensive control unit and a water treatment unit, a bait production unit, a bait feeding unit, a water quality monitoring unit and a secondary treatment unit which are connected in sequence; synthesize the management and control unit and be connected with water treatment unit, bait production unit, bait input unit, water quality monitoring unit, secondary processing unit, breed unit.
The multifunctional unit is characterized in that an equipment area, a test area, a monitoring area and a management area are arranged in the comprehensive control unit, a comprehensive controller is arranged in the equipment area, and the comprehensive controller is connected with the multifunctional modules in the multifunctional unit respectively. A water treatment module is arranged in the water treatment unit and comprises a water circulation module and a water purification module; the water circulation module comprises a circulation pump and the water purification module comprises a filtration membrane and/or a decomposing microorganism. The inside of bait production unit is provided with bait production module, bait production module includes animal bait module, plant bait module and artificial bait module. The inside of water quality monitoring unit is provided with water quality monitoring module, water quality monitoring module includes water quality monitoring ware. The inside of secondary treatment unit is provided with the secondary treatment module, the secondary treatment module includes ozone generating device. The inside of breeding the unit is provided with temperature control module, temperature control module includes temperature sensor and heater. The inside of breeding the unit is provided with the monitoring module, the monitoring module includes the camera.
The bait production unit is internally provided with a modular ecological active bait production system, the production system comprises an animal bait module, a plant bait module, an artificial bait module, a combined module and a cultivation module, the cultivation module comprises a cultivation box, the cultivation box is divided into an upper layer space and a lower layer space, a porous partition plate is arranged between the upper layer space and the lower layer space, the upper layer space of the cultivation box is used for cultivating aquatic products, and the lower layer space of the cultivation box is used for placing the animal bait module and the plant bait module; the animal bait module and the plant bait module are connected with the combined module, and the artificial bait module is connected with the combined module; the combined module is connected with a coating machine. The culture box is made of transparent glass, and microorganisms for decomposing aquatic manure are added in the lower-layer space of the culture box.
The production system of the modularized ecological active bait is utilized to produce the ecological active bait, and the production method comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): the method comprises the following steps of dividing a culture box in a production system into an upper layer space and a lower layer space through a porous partition plate, respectively putting animal baits and plant baits into an animal bait module and a plant bait module of the lower layer space, and putting cultured aquatic products into the upper layer space;
step (2): adding microorganisms for decomposing aquatic excrement into the lower-layer space of the culture box;
and (3): the growth of animal baits and plant baits is promoted through the whole environment;
and (4): the method comprises the steps of respectively putting the grown animal baits and the plant baits into the combined module, putting the artificial baits into the combined module, mixing the three baits, coating by using a coating machine to form ecological active baits, and then performing odorization treatment outside the coating.
The coating is a film coating. The aperture of the porous partition board is smaller than any value of the length, the width and the height of the animal feed. The breeding box is placed in a position with illumination, and the lower part of the side surface of the breeding box is provided with an opening.
The ecological baits comprise animal baits and plant baits; the ecological bait also comprises artificial bait, a film coating and a flavoring agent; the ecological bait comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15 parts of animal bait, 10 parts of plant bait, 5 parts of artificial bait, 0.5 part of film coating and 0.1 part of flavoring agent.
The artificial bait comprises probiotics, chelated iron elements and spinach powder; the ratio of the addition amount of the probiotics, the chelated iron element and the spinach powder is 1:0.5:1, namely, the artificial bait consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 5 parts of probiotics, 2.5 parts of chelated iron elements and 5 parts of spinach powder. The probiotics are probiotic powder.
The animal feed comprises red worms, earthworms and water lice; the addition ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice is 1:1: 0.1. The plant bait comprises chlorella and aquatic weeds; the addition ratio of the chlorella to the aquatic weed is 1: 0.1.
The preparation method of the ecological bait comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): preparing various substances in the animal bait according to a certain proportion, preparing various substances in the plant bait according to a certain proportion, and culturing the prepared animal bait and the prepared plant bait in a symbiotic environment;
step (2): freeze-drying the cultured animal baits and plant baits, and respectively grinding the animal baits and the plant baits into powder to obtain animal bait powder and plant bait powder;
and (3): weighing probiotics, chelated iron elements and spinach powder according to a certain proportion, uniformly mixing the probiotics and the spinach powder, and coating the mixture by using a film coating; spraying the chelated iron element outside the film coating;
and (4): mixing the coating substance prepared in the step (3) with animal bait powder and plant bait powder, and coating the mixture by using a film coating;
and (5): spraying flavoring agent and chelated iron element outside the coating material prepared in the step (4) to obtain the ecological bait.
The symbiotic environment is a double-layer water environment structure, and an upper layer space and a lower layer space of the double-layer water environment structure are separated through a porous partition plate. The upper layer space of the double-layer water environment structure is used for cultivating aquatic products, and the lower layer space of the double-layer water environment structure is used for cultivating animal baits and plant baits.
The inside of bait input unit is provided with bait input module, bait input module includes the swirl deconcentrator.
Be equipped with in the bait feeding unit and throw the material device, it includes that charging track 3, steam generator 2, odorant add fill 1 and stirring pond 5, steam generator 2 with odorant add fill 1 and be located charging track 3's top, stirring pond 5 is located charging track 3's one end. The lower part of the feeding crawler 3 is provided with a support rod 4, the lower part of the steam generator 2 is provided with a steam nozzle 21, the lower part of the flavoring agent feeding hopper 1 is provided with a flavoring agent spraying head 11, and a stirrer is arranged in the stirring pool 5.
The method for feeding ecological baits by using the feeding device comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): uniformly and flatly paving the prepared ecological bait on a feeding track of a feeding device;
step (2): with the movement of the feeding crawler, the ecological bait is brought below the steam generator for steam heat treatment; with the further movement of the feeding crawler, the ecological bait is brought below the flavoring agent feeding hopper to be rapidly sprayed with the flavoring agent;
and (3): with the further movement of the feeding crawler belt, quickly bringing the ecological baits obtained in the step (2) into the stirring pool, and uniformly dispersing the ecological baits in the stirring pool through a stirrer in the stirring pool;
and (4): and discharging the water carrying the ecological bait in the stirring pond into a plurality of culture units of the ecological aquaculture system.
The modular ecological aquaculture unit with the massage function can enable aquatic products to perform directional circular motion in the aquaculture unit, oxygen content in water is increased through the oxygen generator and the booster pump, the aquatic products perform aerobic motion, round holes are formed in reefs hung on the rotating blades, biological fillers, trace elements and the like in the reefs are released from the round holes, the environment in the water is closer to the natural environment, the reefs rub fish groups, and parasites and the like on the fish bodies can be removed through rubbing; meanwhile, the reef is used for massaging the aquatic products, so that the immunity of the aquatic products can be improved, and the practical quality of the aquatic products can be improved.
Example two:
according to another embodiment of the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function of the present invention, the structure, the connection relationship among the parts, the principle, the beneficial effects, etc. are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the required ecological bait has different components, and the ecological bait in the embodiment comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 20 parts of animal baits, 15 parts of plant baits, 10 parts of artificial baits, 1 part of film coatings and 0.3 part of flavoring agents.
The ratio of the addition amounts of the probiotics, the chelated iron element and the spinach powder in the artificial bait is 1:1:1, namely, the artificial bait consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 10 parts of probiotics, 10 parts of chelated iron elements and 10 parts of spinach powder. The ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice in the animal feed is 1:1: 0.3. The ratio of the addition amount of the chlorella to the aquatic weed in the plant bait is 1: 0.4.
The modular ecological aquaculture system and method, the ecological bait preparation method, the modular ecological active bait production system and method, the ecological bait feeding method and device and the like in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Example three:
according to another embodiment of the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function of the present invention, the structure, the connection relationship among the parts, the principle, the beneficial effects, etc. are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the required ecological bait has different components, and the ecological bait in the embodiment comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 18 parts of animal bait, 12 parts of plant bait, 8 parts of artificial bait, 0.8 part of film coating and 0.2 part of flavoring agent.
The ratio of the addition amounts of the probiotics, the chelated iron element and the spinach powder in the artificial bait is 3:0.5:3, namely the artificial bait consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 20 parts of probiotics, 3.3 parts of chelated iron elements and 20 parts of spinach powder. The ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice in the animal feed is 1:1: 0.2. The ratio of the addition amount of the chlorella to the aquatic weed in the plant bait is 1: 0.2.
The modular ecological aquaculture system and method, the ecological bait preparation method, the modular ecological active bait production system and method, the ecological bait feeding method and device and the like in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Example four:
according to another embodiment of the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function of the present invention, the structure, the connection relationship among the parts, the principle, the beneficial effects, etc. are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the required ecological bait has different components, and the ecological bait in the embodiment comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 17 parts of animal baits, 11 parts of plant baits, 6 parts of artificial baits, 0.6 part of film coatings and 0.15 part of flavoring agents.
The ratio of the addition amounts of the probiotics, the chelated iron element and the spinach powder in the artificial bait is 3:1:3, namely the artificial bait consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 18 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of chelated iron elements and 18 parts of spinach powder. The ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice in the animal feed is 1:1: 0.15. The ratio of the addition amount of the chlorella to the aquatic weed in the plant bait is 1: 0.15.
The modular ecological aquaculture system and method, the ecological bait preparation method, the modular ecological active bait production system and method, the ecological bait feeding method and device and the like in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Example five:
according to another embodiment of the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function of the present invention, the structure, the connection relationship among the parts, the principle, the beneficial effects, etc. are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the required ecological bait has different components, and the ecological bait in the embodiment comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 19 parts of animal bait, 14 parts of plant bait, 9 parts of artificial bait, 0.9 part of film coating and 0.25 part of flavoring agent.
The ratio of the addition amounts of the probiotics, the chelated iron element and the spinach powder in the artificial bait is 2:0.5:2, namely the artificial bait consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 16 parts of probiotics, 4 parts of chelated iron elements and 16 parts of spinach powder. The ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice in the animal feed is 1:1: 0.25. The ratio of the addition amount of the chlorella to the aquatic weed in the plant bait is 1: 0.3.
The modular ecological aquaculture system and method, the ecological bait preparation method, the modular ecological active bait production system and method, the ecological bait feeding method and device and the like in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Example six:
according to another embodiment of the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function of the present invention, the structure, the connection relationship among the parts, the principle, the beneficial effects, etc. are the same as those of the first embodiment, except that: the required ecological bait has different components, and the ecological bait in the embodiment comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 16 parts of animal baits, 13 parts of plant baits, 7 parts of artificial baits, 0.7 part of film coatings and 0.2 part of flavoring agents.
The ratio of the addition amounts of the probiotics, the chelated iron element and the spinach powder in the artificial bait is 2:1:2, namely the artificial bait consists of the following substances in parts by weight: 14 parts of probiotics, 7 parts of chelated iron elements and 14 parts of spinach powder. The ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice in the animal feed is 1:1: 0.28. The ratio of the addition amount of the chlorella to the aquatic weed in the plant bait is 1: 0.35.
The modular ecological aquaculture system and method, the ecological bait preparation method, the modular ecological active bait production system and method, the ecological bait feeding method and device and the like in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the modular ecological aquaculture unit with microelement release function of the present invention comprises any combination of the inventive content and the detailed description of the present specification as described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which is not described in detail and for the sake of brevity. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A modularized ecological aquaculture unit with a trace element release function is formed by combining an aquaculture module and a cylinder, wherein the cylinder penetrates through the aquaculture module, and is characterized in that a massage channel is arranged in the aquaculture module, and a layer of reefs are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the massage channel; a rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the cylinder, two rotating blades are vertically arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating blades below the rotating shaft extend into the massage channel, a plurality of reefs are respectively suspended on the two rotating blades, and a bait slow-release device is arranged at one end of each rotating blade; lifting rods are arranged on two sides of the rotating shaft respectively, a baffle is supported above the lifting rods and penetrates through the rotating shaft; the reef suspended on the rotating blade is of a hollow structure, and a plurality of round holes are formed in the reef; microbial fillers and trace element fillers are filled in the hollow structure; the rotating blades are parallel to the massage channel and are positioned on the central axis of the massage channel; the bait slow-release device is positioned on the central axis of the massage channel; a booster pump is arranged above the cylinder; an oxygen generator is arranged below the cylinder; the baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes;
the using method of the culture unit comprises the following steps in sequence:
step (1): putting the aquatic seedlings into the culture unit, so that the aquatic seedlings quickly adapt to the environment in the culture unit and quickly grow;
step (2): lifting the lifting rod, wherein the lifting rod supports the baffle to move upwards, so that the baffle is lifted to a position which is flush with the bottom edge of the massage channel;
and (3): starting the control module, driving the rotating blades to rotate by the rotating shaft, and driving the bait slow-release device to rotate in the massage channel and the cylinder by the rotating blades; the bait released by the bait slow-release device attracts the aquatic products to move along with the rotating blades, the rotating blades rotate to guide the aquatic products to circularly move in the massage channels and the cylinders of the culture units, and meanwhile, the reefs arranged on the annular path of the aquatic products massage the aquatic products;
the bait comprises animal bait, plant bait, artificial bait, film coating and flavoring agent; the bait comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of animal bait, 10-15 parts of plant bait, 5-10 parts of artificial bait, 0.5-1 part of film coating and 0.1-0.3 part of flavoring agent;
the artificial bait comprises probiotics, chelated iron elements and spinach powder; the artificial bait comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of probiotics, 1-10 parts of chelated iron element and 5-20 parts of spinach powder, wherein the adding amount ratio of the probiotics to the chelated iron element to the spinach powder is 1-3:0.5-1:1-3, and the probiotics is probiotic powder;
the animal feed comprises red worms, earthworms and water lice; the adding amount ratio of the red worms to the earthworms to the water lice is 1:1: 0.1-0.3; the plant bait comprises chlorella and aquatic weeds; the addition ratio of the chlorella to the aquatic weed is 1: 0.1-0.4.
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| CN104782552A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-22 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Centralized automatic feeding and oxygenation system for aquaculture |
| CN105165665A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-12-23 | 佛山市顺德区德心和水产养殖有限公司 | Aquaculture method and aquaculture system |
| CN105766768A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-07-20 | 中山诺顿科研技术服务有限公司 | Ecological water circulation culture system |
| CN207483400U (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-06-12 | 天津市蕴华农作物种植专业合作社 | A kind of temperature control filtering aquaculture device for increasing trace element |
| CN107751082A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-06 | 湖州森德高新材料有限公司 | Aquaculture field water quality oxygenation clarifier-tank |
| CN108157257A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-15 | 王泽成 | A kind of fishery cultivating batch charger with oxygen-supplying function |
| CN108579507A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-28 | 柳州市文华养殖场 | A kind of novel Blendling-device of feedstuffs used for aquiculture easy to remove |
| CN108423801A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-21 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | It is a kind of that there is floating type filtrate of the trace element from release function |
| CN108566914A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-09-25 | 叶年催 | A kind of aquaculture tank |
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