CN108293921A - A kind of cultural method and its system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method and its system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293921A CN108293921A CN201810058834.6A CN201810058834A CN108293921A CN 108293921 A CN108293921 A CN 108293921A CN 201810058834 A CN201810058834 A CN 201810058834A CN 108293921 A CN108293921 A CN 108293921A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A kind of cultural method and its system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, include the following steps:(1) nutrient solution is prepared:Ammonium sulfate 60 75%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 4 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4 8%, sodium acetate 3 8%, vitamin premix 0.1 0.5%, enzyme preparation 0.15 0.35%, stabilizer 2 5%, mineral salt 1 2%, micro- mix preparation 2 4%, tea polyphenols 1 1.2%, cynomorium songaricum 1.5 2%, Radix Paeoniae Alba 0.5 0.8%, yeast 0.5 1.2%, amino acid 1 3%, maltose 1.5 3.5% and sodium alginate 0.15 0.35%；(2) fishpond waterbody designs, and periodically launches microbial product and nutrient solution；(3) fry is put in a suitable place to breed；(4) feeding management is carried out；(5) fishpond waterbody management is carried out；This hair prepares new nutrient solution prescription by designing, and combines and put in a suitable place to breed to breeding water body, fry in fishpond, feed bait formula, feeding mode and the parameter setting of the management in fishpond, and realization cultivates out the Rofe fishery -ies product that disease is few, survival rate is high, with good meat quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of supporting for the semi-enclosed recirculated water of technical field of aquaculture more particularly to juvenile tilapia
Grow method and its system.
Background technology
Aquaculture is the production activity of the lower breeding of artificial control, cultivation and harvest aquatic animals and plants.It is commonly included in people
The overall process of aquatic products is formed under work feeding management from seed.The aquaculture management of the existing cultivation for Tilapia mossambica exists much not
Rational place, for example, breeding water body in fishpond quality control, feed bait formula, feed mode and fry is put
It supports, rise steadily especially with the price of feed and pollution often is generated to water body during launching feed, lead
It causes the quality of breeding water body to be relatively difficult to guarantee, is unfavorable for nitrifier and carries out nitrification, the efficiency for converting ammonia is low, the drop of ammonia
Solution speed is slow, and long to the catharsis time of water, especially in the breeding process of juvenile tilapia, juvenile tilapia is extremely held
It is easily dead due to the reasons such as the ammonia in water body is overweight, its survival rate is substantially reduced, leads to not carry out highdensity cultivation, nothing
Method feeds nutrition and the environmental condition of juvenile fish abundance, low output, aquaculture cost height and low-quality problem.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, pass through design
Prepare new nutrient solution prescription, and combine and breeding water body, fry in fishpond put in a suitable place to breed, bait formula is fed, feed mode and
The parameter setting of the management in fishpond, realization cultivate out the Rofe fishery -ies product that disease is few, survival rate is high, with good meat quality.
It is another object of the present invention to propose a kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia.
For this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, includes the following steps：
(1) nutrient solution is designed：According to the mass percent of following component, nutrient solution is prepared：Ammonium sulfate 60-75%, phosphoric acid
Hydrogen calcium 4-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-8%, sodium acetate 3-8%, vitamin premix 0.1-0.5%, enzyme preparation 0.15-
0.35%, stabilizer 2-5%, mineral salt 1-2%, micro- mix preparation 2-4%, tea polyphenols 1-1.2%, cynomorium songaricum 1.5-
2%, Radix Paeoniae Alba 0.5-0.8%, yeast 0.5-1.2%, amino acid 1-3%, maltose 1.5-3.5% and sodium alginate 0.15-
0.35%；
(2) fishpond waterbody designs：When circulation in the breeding process operates, flow velocity, the water of breeding water body are set
Temperature, water body exchange rate, dissolved oxygen content and pH value, and periodically launch microbial product and nutrient solution；
(3) fry is put in a suitable place to breed：Juvenile tilapia is put in a suitable place to breed into designed fishpond；
(4) feeding management：According to the nutritional requirement of the cultivating tilapia juvenile fish in circulation, preparation feeds bait and matches
Side, and the feeding volume that sets and feed mode and carry out feeding bait；
(5) fishpond waterbody management：Carry out fishpond in discharge of wastewater, to breeding water body oxygenation, disinfection and adjust water body
PH value, until completing the cultivation of a collection of Tilapia mossambica.
It further illustrates, in fishpond waterbody design, the flow velocity of the breeding water body is 0.4~0.6m/s；Water temperature is 28
DEG C -31 DEG C, and in one day pool inner water body maximum temperature difference ＜ ± 5 DEG C；Daily water body exchange rate 95% or more, water body
Dissolved oxygen content is 3.5 mg/litres；The pH value of water body is 7.2-8.5.
It further illustrates, in step (3), the breeding density of juvenile tilapia is 7000 tails/m3, juvenile tilapia enters pond
Specification is 500 tails/jin.
It further illustrates, the bait that feeds is according to mass percent, including following component：Steam fish meal 36-42%, beans
Starch 20-26%, whole milk powder 6.7-8.0%, prawn slice powder 14-17%, yolk powder 5-8%, fish oil 2-3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate
1.0-2.5%, complex enzyme formulation 0.1-0.25%, l-carnitine 0.10-0.30%, choline chloride 0.15-0.30%, 98.5% rely
Propylhomoserin 0.15-0.30%, vitamin premix 0.5-2.0% and microelement pre-mix material 1.5-3.0%.
It further illustrates, in step (5), the fishpond waterbody management includes：Daily circulating water body four times, discharge 5% is useless
Water to artificial swamp carries out purified treatment；It carries out disinfection to breeding water body every 20 minutes 1 electrochemical waters of supplement, using raw stone
The pH value of the water-saving body of tone is 7.2~8.5.
A kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, including cistern 1, outdoor level-one biological treatment
Pond 2, Microfilter processing pond 3, two stage biological filtering ponds 4, disinfection by ultraviolet light pond 5, oxygenation pond 6 and several aquaculture ponds 7；The water storage
Pond 1, outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2, Microfilter processing pond 3, two stage biological filtering ponds 4, disinfection by ultraviolet light pond 5 and oxygenation pond 6
It is attached successively；The water outlet of the oxygenation pond 6 is provided with into water supervisor 01；The outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2 into
The mouth of a river is provided with drain header 02；The aquaculture pond 7 is arranged in order distribution, and the inlet and outlet of each aquaculture pond 7
It is respectively arranged with water inlet pipe 011 and branch drain 012；The water inlet pipe 011 is connected is responsible for 01 in the water inlet；The row
Water branch pipe 012 is connected in the drain header 02.
It further illustrates, the size of the cistern 1 is：1.8*2.2*2m；The ruler of the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2
Very little is 6*5* (0.3-1.5) m, and bottom gradient is 15%；The size in the Microfilter pond 3 is：2.8*2.2*2m；The two level life
The size of object filtering ponds 4 is：3*1.5*2m；The size of the oxygenation pond 6 is 1.8*2.2*2m；The size of the aquaculture pond 7 is
6*3*0.6m bottom gradient is 8%.
It further illustrates, the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2 is internally provided with corallite, medical stone, biological attachment base, sinks
Water plant, emergent aquactic plant and the algae that swims；The submerged plant includes not one kind or more in this water plant, water banyan and hornwort
Kind；The emergent aquactic plant includes one or more in canna, calamus, rhizoma alismatis, iris, lotus；The algae that swims includes
It is one or more in water lettuce, stomacher algae and lotus nut duckweed.
It further illustrates, the two stage biological filtering ponds 4 are internally provided with suspended biological filler, microbial product and nutrition
Liquid；The microbial product includes one or more in photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifier, bacillus and lactic acid bacteria.
It further illustrates, further includes electrochemical wetting system 8, the electrification wetting system 8 is connected to the oxygenation pond 6.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：New nutrient solution prescription is prepared by designing, and by the nutrient solution effective for Rofe
In the cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of fish juvenile fish, in combination with being put in a suitable place to breed to breeding water body, fry in fishpond, feed bait
It is formulated, feeds the parameter setting of the management in mode and fishpond, the more effective breeding environment and nutrition bar for controlling juvenile tilapia
Part cultivates out the Rofe fishery -ies product that disease is few, survival rate is high, with good meat quality to realize.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of the juvenile tilapia of one embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Wherein：Cistern 1, outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2, Microfilter processing pond 3, two stage biological filtering ponds 4, ultraviolet light
Sterilization pool 5, oxygenation pond 6, several aquaculture ponds 7, water inlet supervisor 01, drain header 02, water inlet pipe 011, branch drain 012, electricity
Change wetting system 8.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution to further illustrate the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) nutrient solution is designed：According to the mass percent of following component, nutrient solution is prepared：Ammonium sulfate 60-75%, phosphoric acid
Hydrogen calcium 4-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-8%, sodium acetate 3-8%, vitamin premix 0.1-0.5%, enzyme preparation 0.15-
0.35%, stabilizer 2-5%, mineral salt 1-2%, micro- mix preparation 2-4%, tea polyphenols 1-1.2%, cynomorium songaricum 1.5-
2%, Radix Paeoniae Alba 0.5-0.8%, yeast 0.5-1.2%, amino acid 1-3%, maltose 1.5-3.5% and sodium alginate 0.15-
0.35%；
(2) fishpond waterbody designs：When circulation in the breeding process operates, flow velocity, the water of breeding water body are set
Temperature, water body exchange rate, dissolved oxygen content and pH value, and periodically launch microbial product and nutrient solution；
(3) fry is put in a suitable place to breed：Juvenile tilapia is put in a suitable place to breed into designed fishpond；
(4) feeding management：According to the nutritional requirement of the cultivating tilapia juvenile fish in circulation, preparation feeds bait and matches
Side, and the feeding volume that sets and feed mode and carry out feeding bait；
(5) fishpond waterbody management：Carry out fishpond in discharge of wastewater, to breeding water body oxygenation, disinfection and adjust water body
PH value, until completing the cultivation of a collection of Tilapia mossambica.
The present invention mainly prepares nutrient solution prescription by design, thus by the nutrient solution effective for juvenile tilapia
In the cultural method of semi-enclosed recirculated water, in combination with breeding water body, fry in fishpond are put in a suitable place to breed, feed bait formula, throw
The parameter setting of the management in the mode of feeding and fishpond, the more effective breeding environment and nutritional condition for controlling juvenile tilapia, to
Realization cultivates out the Rofe fishery -ies product that disease is few, survival rate is high, with good meat quality.
It is used as nitrogen source by the way that a certain amount of ammonium sulfate is added wherein in nutrient solution, calcium monohydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are phosphorus
Source, and adjustment control nutrient solution in N∶P ratio on the basis of, add a certain amount of sodium acetate as organic carbon source into
Row allotment, so as to effectively provide more substantially stabilized nitrogen source, phosphorus source and carbon source for the growth and breeding of nitrobacteria；In addition also
Can be not only that nitrobacteria etc. provides balanced nutritional need by the way that a certain amount of tea polyphenols, cynomorium songaricum and Radix Paeoniae Alba component is added,
The vigor for improving nitrobacteria, greatly shortens the incubation time of nitrobacteria；But also can effective catalytic nitration bacterium nitrification
Reaction improves it and converts the efficiency of ammonia, enhances the degradation of ammonia, therefore by nutrient solution in breeding water body, can be with
It effectively shortens time of purified water, the clean-up effect and efficiency of water is improved, to more effectively control water system in the breeding process
Quality, improve the survival rate of juvenile tilapia, and under other cultivating conditions, can get few, the with good meat quality Rofe of disease
Fishery -ies product.
Wherein, the cynomorium songaricum includes organic acid, flavonoids, Naringenin, steroid, triterpenes, poly- matter class, amino acids
With it is one or more in mineral matter element.
The Radix Paeoniae Alba include Paeoniflorin, paeonol, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, volatile oil, fat oil, resin, tannin, sugar,
It is one or more in starch, mucilaginous substance, protein, cupreol and triterpenes.
The trace element mix preparation includes cobalt, selenium, one or more members in copper, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine, cobalt and selenium
Element, a concentration of 2~4g/L of the trace element mix preparation.
The vitamin premix includes vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin E, Vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin
It is one or more in B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin and vitamin C, a concentration of the 5 of the vitamin premix
~10g/L.
It further illustrates, in fishpond waterbody design, the flow velocity of the breeding water body is 0.4~0.6m/s；Water temperature is 28
DEG C -31 DEG C, and in one day pool inner water body maximum temperature difference ＜ ± 5 DEG C；Daily water body exchange rate 95% or more, water body
Dissolved oxygen content is 3.5 mg/litres；The pH value of water body is 7.2-8.5.By strictly adjusting the water body stream in control fishpond waterbody
The parameter value of speed, water temperature, water body exchange rate, dissolved oxygen content and pH value builds the environmental condition for being more suitable for juvenile tilapia growth,
To be more advantageous to the growth of juvenile fish, the survival rate and growth quality of Tilapia mossambica are further increased.
It further illustrates, in step (3), the breeding density of juvenile tilapia is 7000 tails/m3, juvenile tilapia enters pond
Specification is 500 tails/jin.By controlling the breeding density of juvenile tilapia and entering pond specification, abundance can be had by being conducive to juvenile fish
Space and energy matter carry out growth and breeding.
It further illustrates, the bait that feeds is according to mass percent, including following component：Steam fish meal 36-42%, beans
Starch 20-26%, whole milk powder 6.7-8.0%, prawn slice powder 14-17%, yolk powder 5-8%, fish oil 2-3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate
1.0-2.5%, complex enzyme formulation 0.1-0.25%, l-carnitine 0.10-0.30%, choline chloride 0.15-0.30%, 98.5% rely
Propylhomoserin 0.15-0.30%, vitamin premix 0.5-2.0% and microelement pre-mix material 1.5-3.0%.
Originally requirement of the juvenile tilapia to nutrition in circulating water cultivation can be satisfied with by feeding bait formula, and enhancing fish body is immune
Power, excrement easily shape, and are conducive to circulation cultivation, improve fry survival rate and growth rate；Especially by addition one
Quantitative whole milk powder, yolk powder, complex enzyme formulation, vitamin premix, microelement pre-mix material improve the battalion for feeding bait
Quality is supported, to improve the whole growth and breeding quality of Tilapia mossambica；
Wherein, it is protein 25.5% that the nutritional ingredient of whole milk powder, which is every hectogram content, fat 26.5%, carbon hydrate
Object 37.3%, per 979 milligrams of hectogram calcic, 685 milligrams of phosphorus, 1.9 milligrams of iron, 0.8 milligram of riboflavin, 0.6 milligram of niacin,
With various nutrient elements, demand of the fresh-water fishes juvenile growth to Different Nutrition element disclosure satisfy that, promote the life of fresh-water fishes prelarva
It is long；
Yolk powder is then containing 30% or so protein and 38% or so glyceride and 19% or so phosphatide, also
A small amount of carbohydrate, minerals, vitamin, pigment, enzyme etc., lipoprotein and its component lecithin contained by yolk powder make have compared with
Good emulsibility, is the desirable feedstock of high-grade seedling feed；
Complex enzyme formulation is the protein for having biocatalytic reaction ability, and enzyme preparation is added in feed, can be supplemented dynamic
Object is especially the deficiency of low young animal endogenous enzymes, eliminates the anti-nutritional factors in feed, can improve vegetable raw material albumen
The decomposition and absorption of matter and starch are conducive to the digestibility for improving feed；The concentration of the ammonia nitrogen of aquatic livestock excretion can be reduced,
Mitigate water pollution, improves feeding environment, complex enzyme formulation includes phytase, zytase, protease, lipase, lactalase
With any one in amylase；
Vitamin premix is the F11V carnivorous fish vitamin premixs that Guangdong Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd. provides, micro-
Trace mineral feed is F29M omnivorefish microelement pre-mix materials.
In addition, for the juvenile tilapia stage feed mode be with agreeable to the taste, enough, more meal, four fixed three principles seen into
Row feeds raising, and since the speed of growth of juvenile tilapia is fast, metabolism is more vigorous；Therefore feeding rate than
Adult fish is high, and in the juvenile tilapia mark thick stage, its day feeding volume can be improved to 15% in production.
It further illustrates, in step (5), the fishpond waterbody management includes：Daily circulating water body four times, discharge 5% is useless
Water to artificial swamp carries out purified treatment；It carries out disinfection to breeding water body every 20 minutes 1 electrochemical waters of supplement, using raw stone
The pH value of the water-saving body of tone is 7.2~8.5.
A kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, including cistern 1, outdoor level-one biological treatment
Pond 2, Microfilter processing pond 3, two stage biological filtering ponds 4, disinfection by ultraviolet light pond 5, oxygenation pond 6 and several aquaculture ponds 7；The water storage
Pond 1, outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2, Microfilter processing pond 3, two stage biological filtering ponds 4, disinfection by ultraviolet light pond 5 and oxygenation pond 6
It is attached successively；The water outlet of the oxygenation pond 6 is provided with into water supervisor 01；The outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2 into
The mouth of a river is provided with drain header 02；The aquaculture pond 7 is arranged in order distribution, and the inlet and outlet of each aquaculture pond 7
It is respectively arranged with water inlet pipe 011 and branch drain 012；The water inlet pipe 011 is connected is responsible for 01 in the water inlet；The row
Water branch pipe 012 is connected in the drain header 02.
The cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of a kind of juvenile tilapia proposed by the present invention, by having set gradually
Outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2, Microfilter processing pond 3, two stage biological filtering ponds 4, disinfection by ultraviolet light pond and oxygenation pond 6 are stated, is made
Breeding water body carries out corresponding Water quality processing successively, it is made adequately to be filtered, be sterilized before flowing into aquaculture pond 7,
The processing such as oxygenation, to which the Water quality flowed into aquaculture pond be effectively ensured, and each aquaculture pond 7 is mutually independent,
It avoids influencing each other, management is more convenient, protects the cultivation quality and survival rate of juvenile tilapia；It can also pass through the row simultaneously
Water supervisor 02 back flows back into the water body in aquaculture pond into the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2, effective to realize
Water circulation utilizes, and more saves water source and aquaculture cost.
It further illustrates, the size of the cistern 1 is：1.8*2.2*2m；The ruler of the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2
Very little is 6*5* (0.3-1.5) m, and bottom gradient is 15%；The size in the Microfilter pond 3 is：2.8*2.2*2m；The two level life
The size of object filtering ponds 4 is：3*1.5*2m；The size of the oxygenation pond 6 is 1.8*2.2*2m；The size of the aquaculture pond 7 is
6*3*0.6m bottom gradient is 8%.According to the corresponding size of each functional pool of setting to advantageously ensure that the quality of breeding water body
With the adequate space environment of the growth of juvenile fish, and certain gradient is set, to keep the overall flow of breeding water body more preferable.
It further illustrates, the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2 is internally provided with corallite, medical stone, biological attachment base, sinks
Water plant, emergent aquactic plant and the algae that swims；The submerged plant includes not one kind or more in this water plant, water banyan and hornwort
Kind；The emergent aquactic plant includes one or more in canna, calamus, rhizoma alismatis, iris, lotus；The algae that swims includes
It is one or more in water lettuce, stomacher algae and lotus nut duckweed.Similar day is simulated by using the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank 2
Right water body environment in nature, to be more conducive to the growth and breeding of juvenile fish.
It further illustrates, the two stage biological filtering ponds 4 are internally provided with suspended biological filler, microbial product and nutrition
Liquid；The microbial product includes one or more in photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifier, bacillus and lactic acid bacteria.By institute
It states and suspended biological filler, microbial product and nutrient solution is added in two stage biological filtering ponds 4, make the progress such as nitrifier in water body
The purification of water body, the ammonia etc. effectively in degradation water body are unfavorable for the substance of juvenile growth.
It further illustrates, further includes electrochemical wetting system 8, the electrification wetting system 8 is connected to the oxygenation pond 6.Pass through institute
It states electrochemical wetting system and supplements electrochemical water into oxygenation pond, for carrying out disinfection again to breeding water body；The oxygenation pond 6 for pair
Oxygenation aeration is carried out from the water body after the disinfection that disinfection by ultraviolet light pond 5 flows into, carbon dioxide is discharged, and also achieve secondary disappear
The effect of poison, the effective guarantee quality of breeding water body, improves the survival rate of juvenile tilapia.
Heating device, high-pressure spray device and water body intelligent monitor system are provided in the aquaculture pond 7；The high pressure spray
Shower device is used for after having cultivated a collection of Tilapia mossambica fry, carries out cleaning fishpond；It is provided with too above the cultivating system
Positive energy plate, is used to support effective operating of circulation.
A kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapias of embodiment 1-, includes the following steps：
(1) nutrient solution is designed：According to the mass percent of following component, nutrient solution is prepared：Ammonium sulfate 60%%, phosphoric acid hydrogen
Calcium 8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8%, sodium acetate 8%, vitamin premix 0.5%, enzyme preparation 0.35%, stabilizer 2%%, mineral
Salt 1%%, micro- mix preparation 2%%, tea polyphenols 1.2%, cynomorium songaricum 2%, Radix Paeoniae Alba 0.8%, yeast 1.2%, amino acid
1.1%, maltose 3.5% and sodium alginate 0.35%；
Wherein, the preparation method of nutrient solution includes the following steps：First by ammonium sulfate, calcium bisulfate, potassium dihydrogen sulfate, acetic acid
After sodium and mineral salt proportionally add water to be dissolved respectively, is mixed in a container, obtain mixed solution；Again by acquisition
Mixed solution carries out 60 DEG C of heating, and mixed solution is made all to dissolve；Finally by sodium alginate, vitamin premix, trace element
Mix preparation, maltose, amino acid, tea polyphenols, cynomorium songaricum, Radix Paeoniae Alba, enzyme preparation, stabilizer and yeast are proportionally added to mixing
In solution, and lasting stirring is carried out when reagent is added, until being all uniformly dissolved, obtain the battalion cultivated for juvenile tilapia
Nutrient solution.
(2) fishpond waterbody designs：When circulation in the breeding process operates, flow velocity, the water of breeding water body are set
Temperature, water body exchange rate, dissolved oxygen content and pH value, wherein the flow velocity of the breeding water body is 0.4m/s；Water temperature is 28 DEG C, and
5 DEG C of the maximum temperature difference ＜ of pool inner water body in one day；For daily water body exchange rate 95% or more, the dissolved oxygen content of water body is 3.5
Mg/litre；The pH value of water body is 8.5；And periodically launch microbial product and nutrient solution；
(3) fry is put in a suitable place to breed：Put juvenile tilapia in a suitable place to breed into designed fishpond, the breeding density of wherein juvenile tilapia is
7000 tails/m3, the pond specification that enters of juvenile tilapia is 500 tails/jin；
(4) feeding management：According to the nutritional requirement of the cultivating tilapia juvenile fish in circulation, preparation feeds bait and matches
Side, the bait that feeds is according to mass percent, including following component：Steam fish meal 42%, soybean milk powder 20%, whole milk powder
6.7%, prawn slice powder 14%, yolk powder 8%, fish oil 3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.3%, complex enzyme formulation 0.1%, l-carnitine
0.1%, choline chloride 0.15%, 98.5% lysine 0.15%, vitamin premix 0.5% and microelement pre-mix material
3.0%；And it the feeding volume that sets and feeds mode and carries out feeding bait；
(5) fishpond waterbody management：The discharge of wastewater in fishpond, i.e. daily circulating water body four times are carried out, 5% waste water of discharge is extremely
Artificial swamp carries out purified treatment；1 electrochemical water is supplemented to disappear to breeding water body to breeding water body oxygenation, every 20 minutes
Poison, use quick lime adjust water body pH value be 8.5, until complete a batch Tilapia mossambica cultivation.
A kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapias of embodiment 2-, includes the following steps：
(1) nutrient solution is designed：According to the mass percent of following component, nutrient solution is prepared：Ammonium sulfate 75%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate
4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4%, sodium acetate 3%, vitamin premix 0.1%, enzyme preparation 0.15%, stabilizer 2%-5%, mineral
Salt 1%, micro- mix preparation 2.6%, tea polyphenols 1%, cynomorium songaricum 1.5%, Radix Paeoniae Alba 0.5%, yeast 0.5%, amino acid
3%, maltose 1.5% and sodium alginate 0.15%；
(2) fishpond waterbody designs：When circulation in the breeding process operates, flow velocity, the water of breeding water body are set
Temperature, water body exchange rate, dissolved oxygen content and pH value, wherein the flow velocity of the breeding water body is 0.6m/s；Water temperature is -31 DEG C, and
5 DEG C of the maximum temperature difference ＜ of pool inner water body in one day；For daily water body exchange rate 95% or more, the dissolved oxygen content of water body is 3.5
Mg/litre；The pH value of water body is 7.2；And periodically launch microbial product and nutrient solution；
(3) fry is put in a suitable place to breed：Put juvenile tilapia in a suitable place to breed into designed fishpond, the breeding density of wherein juvenile tilapia is
7000 tails/m3, the pond specification that enters of juvenile tilapia is 500 tails/jin；
(4) feeding management：According to the nutritional requirement of the cultivating tilapia juvenile fish in circulation, preparation feeds bait and matches
Side, the bait that feeds is according to mass percent, including following component：Steam fish meal 36%, soybean milk powder 26%, whole milk powder
8.0%, prawn slice powder 17%, yolk powder 5%, fish oil 2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.5%, complex enzyme formulation 0.25%, l-carnitine
0.3%, choline chloride 0.3%, 98.5% lysine 0.3%, vitamin premix 0.85% and microelement pre-mix material
1.5%；And it the feeding volume that sets and feeds mode and carries out feeding bait；
(5) fishpond waterbody management：The discharge of wastewater in fishpond, i.e. daily circulating water body four times are carried out, 5% waste water of discharge is extremely
Artificial swamp carries out purified treatment；1 electrochemical water is supplemented to disappear to breeding water body to breeding water body oxygenation, every 20 minutes
Poison, use quick lime adjust water body pH value be 7.2, until complete a batch Tilapia mossambica cultivation.
According to identical preparation process in above-mentioned implementation 1 and identical experiment parameter condition, only change nutrient solution prescription
Component ratio put into respectively to sieve as embodiment 3,4 and comparative example 1~4, and by the Different Nutrition liquid prepared
In the cultivation circulation of non-fish juvenile fish, the purification speed of periodic measurement water body, and count the survival rate of juvenile tilapia
And growing state, measurement result such as following table：
According to upper table as can be seen that putting into the nutrient solution prepared in Examples 1 to 4 to the cultivation of juvenile tilapia
In circulation, the purification speed of water body is obviously accelerated, and the survival rate of juvenile tilapia is high, growth and breeding speed
Soon, it is few to there is sick rate；And the standby nutrient solution obtained is put into the cultivation cycle of juvenile tilapia in comparative example 1~4
In water system, the time needed for the purification of water body is longer, and the survival rate of juvenile tilapia is substantially reduced, and the speed of growth is slow, by
This can be seen that by the way that a certain amount of tea polyphenols, cynomorium songaricum and Radix Paeoniae Alba is added, and the not only balanced nutrition of the offer such as nitrobacteria needs
It asks, improves the vigor of nitrobacteria, greatly shorten the incubation time of nitrobacteria；And the nitrification of effectively catalytic nitration bacterium is anti-
It answers, improves it and convert the efficiency of ammonia, enhance the degradation of ammonia, above-mentioned nutrient solution is used in breeding water body, Ke Yiyou
Effect shortens the time of purified water, improves the clean-up effect and efficiency of water, to more effectively control water system in the breeding process
Quality improves the survival rate of juvenile tilapia, and under other cultivating conditions, can get few, the with good meat quality Tilapia mossambica of disease
Product.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in association with specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain the present invention's
Principle, and it cannot be construed to limiting the scope of the invention in any way.Based on the explanation herein, the technology of this field
Personnel would not require any inventive effort the other specific implementation modes that can associate the present invention, these modes are fallen within
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) nutrient solution is designed：According to the mass percent of following component, nutrient solution is prepared：Ammonium sulfate 60-75%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate
It is 4-8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4-8%, sodium acetate 3-8%, vitamin premix 0.1-0.5%, enzyme preparation 0.15-0.35%, steady
Determine agent 2-5%, mineral salt 1-2%, micro- mix preparation 2-4%, tea polyphenols 1-1.2%, cynomorium songaricum 1.5-2%, Radix Paeoniae Alba
0.5-0.8%, yeast 0.5-1.2%, amino acid 1-3%, maltose 1.5-3.5% and sodium alginate 0.15-0.35%；
(2) fishpond waterbody designs：When circulation in the breeding process operates, flow velocity, water temperature, the water of breeding water body are set
Body exchange rate, dissolved oxygen content and pH value, and periodically launch microbial product and nutrient solution；
(3) fry is put in a suitable place to breed：Juvenile tilapia is put in a suitable place to breed into designed fishpond；
(4) feeding management：According to the nutritional requirement of the cultivating tilapia juvenile fish in circulation, preparation feeds bait formula,
And it the feeding volume that sets and feeds mode and carries out feeding bait；
(5) fishpond waterbody management：Carry out fishpond in discharge of wastewater, to breeding water body oxygenation, disinfection and adjust water body pH
Value, until completing the cultivation of a collection of Tilapia mossambica.
2. a kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In fishpond waterbody design, the flow velocity of the breeding water body is 0.4~0.6m/s；Water temperature is 28 DEG C -31 DEG C, and pond in one day
Maximum temperature difference ＜ ± 5 DEG C of interior water body；Daily water body exchange rate 95% or more, the dissolved oxygen content of water body is 3.5 milligrams/
It rises；The pH value of water body is 7.2-8.5.
3. a kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In step (3), the breeding density of juvenile tilapia is 7000 tails/m3, the pond specification that enters of juvenile tilapia is 500 tails/jin.
4. a kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The bait that feeds is according to mass percent, including following component：Steam fish meal 36-42%, soybean milk powder 20-26%, whole milk
Powder 6.7-8.0%, prawn slice powder 14-17%, yolk powder 5-8%, fish oil 2-3%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.0-2.5%, complex enzyme system
Agent 0.1-0.25%, l-carnitine 0.10-0.30%, choline chloride 0.15-0.30%, 98.5% lysine 0.15-0.30%, dimension
Raw element premix 0.5-2.0% and microelement pre-mix material 1.5-3.0%.
5. a kind of cultural method of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In step (5), the fishpond waterbody management includes：Daily circulating water body four times, discharge 5% waste water to artificial swamp are purified
Processing；Carry out disinfection to breeding water body every 20 minutes supplements, 1 electrochemical water, use quick lime adjust the pH value of water body for
7.2~8.5.
6. a kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5,
It is characterized in that：Disappear including cistern, outdoor level-one biological treatment tank, Microfilter processing pond, two stage biological filtering ponds, ultraviolet light
Malicious pond, oxygenation pond and several aquaculture ponds；The cistern, outdoor level-one biological treatment tank, Microfilter processing pond, two stage biological mistake
Filter tank, disinfection by ultraviolet light pond and oxygenation pond are attached successively；The water outlet of the oxygenation pond is provided with into water and is responsible for；The room
The water inlet of outer level-one biological treatment tank is provided with drain header；The aquaculture pond is arranged in order distribution, and each aquaculture pond
Inlet and outlet be respectively arranged with water inlet pipe and branch drain；The water inlet pipe is connected to be responsible in the water inlet；
The branch drain is connected in the drain header.
7. a kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The size of the cistern is：1.8*2.2*2m；The size of the outdoor level-one biological treatment tank is 6*5* (0.3-1.5) m, bottom
Portion's gradient is 15%；The size in the Microfilter pond is：2.8*2.2*2m；The size of the two stage biological filtering ponds is：3*
1.5*2m；The size of the oxygenation pond is 1.8*2.2*2m；The size of the aquaculture pond is 6*3*0.6m, and bottom gradient is 8%.
8. a kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The outdoor level-one biological treatment tank is internally provided with corallite, medical stone, biological attachment base, submerged plant, emergent aquactic plant and floats
Algae class；The submerged plant includes not one or more in this water plant, water banyan and hornwort；The emergent aquactic plant includes U.S.
It is one or more in people any of several broadleaf plants, calamus, rhizoma alismatis, iris, lotus；The algae that swims includes water lettuce, stomacher algae and lotus nut duckweed
In it is one or more.
9. a kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The two stage biological filtering ponds are internally provided with suspended biological filler, microbial product and nutrient solution；The microbial product includes
It is one or more in photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifier, bacillus and lactic acid bacteria.
10. a kind of cultivating system of the semi-enclosed recirculated water of juvenile tilapia according to claim 6, feature exist
In：Further include electrochemical wetting system, the electrification wetting system is connected to the oxygenation pond.
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| CN109342683A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A kind of rainbow trout fish culture processing system for the detection of nucleic acid vaccine Environment release |
| CN112690232A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-04-23 | 海南勤富实业有限公司 | Industrial tilapia breeding method and process |
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