CN109328693A - A kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear Download PDFInfo
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- CN109328693A CN109328693A CN201811084981.7A CN201811084981A CN109328693A CN 109328693 A CN109328693 A CN 109328693A CN 201811084981 A CN201811084981 A CN 201811084981A CN 109328693 A CN109328693 A CN 109328693A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding methods of Cuiguan pear, it is the following steps are included: (a) between annual Grain in Ear to Slight Heat solar term, chooses the full substantial Cuiguan pear scion of bud, and grafting is on birch-leaf pear seedling, it is unbinded after taking over a job, carries out cut anvil, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, water drenching and disease pest management；It (b) is maternal, yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest as male parent using the Cuiguan pear branch in step (a), the pollen for acquiring the male parent is made into dilution, is sprayed with the dilution to the maternal flower in fine day noon；(c) Xie Huahou awards the female parent using artificial emasculation, point, bagging obtains hybridization fruit；(d) the hybridization fruit is taken into kind, with hole plate seedling growth, subsequent field-transplanting obtains hybrid single plant；The hybrid single plant top young sprout scion for taking growth 2 years or more, grafts on yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest stock, unbinds after taking over a job, and carries out cut anvil, loosens the soil, the management of water drenching and disease pest.Can be realized so maternal flower abundant pollination, as a result, and accelerate the growth of Cuiguan pear tree, it is only necessary to the breeding of high-quality Cuiguan pear can be realized within 3 ~ 5 years.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant breeding, are related to a kind of breeding method, and in particular to a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear.
Background technique
Nursery stock is the sapling with root system and seedling stem, no matter all sapling age sizes cultivated in nursery, be not out of the garden
Before, referred to as nursery stock.Pear tree nursery stock is one kind of fruit nursery stock.Cuiguan pear is domestic sweet New pear variety mature earliest, than
Pear and Dangshan pear early 2 to 3 months of the north list.250 grams of mean fruit weight or so of Cuiguan pear, in the feelings finely cultivated
Mean fruit weight is up to 325 grams under condition, and it is the jargonel export varieties for meeting export standard that pulp is delicate and crisp, storage tolerance.
Existing Cuiguan pear usually requires the work such as artificial emasculation, pollination, cultivation trimming, Characters Identification screening in breeding process, this
One process generally requires 10 years or so time or even requirement that is longer and being difficult to meet modern cultivation.
Summary of the invention
A kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear is provided the invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, it includes following
Step:
(a) between annual Grain in Ear to Slight Heat solar term, the full substantial Cuiguan pear scion of bud is chosen, is grafted in birch-leaf pear
It on seedling, is unbinded after taking over a job, carries out cut anvil, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, water drenching and disease pest management；Spring next year is according to grafting survival situation
It carries out branch benefit to connect, pinching is carried out to the bud young sprout that grafting is grown, draws branch processing；
(b) be maternal, yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest as male parent using the Cuiguan pear branch in step (a), acquire the male parent pollen be made into it is dilute
Liquid is released, the maternal flower is sprayed with the dilution in fine day noon；The dilution includes following parts by weight
Component: 0.5~2 part of pollen, 0.5~1 part of ethyl phenyl boric acid, 2~5 parts of sodium alginates and 500~800 parts of water；
(c) Xie Huahou awards the female parent using artificial emasculation, point, bagging obtains hybridization fruit；
(d) the hybridization fruit is taken into kind, with hole plate seedling growth, subsequent field-transplanting obtains hybrid single plant；Take growth 2 years
Above hybrid single plant top young sprout scion is grafted on yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest stock, is unbinded after taking over a job, and is carried out cut anvil, is loosened the soil, water drenching and disease
Scolite reason.
Optimally, in step (a), the fertilizer includes the component of following mass percent: loose squama 35~55%, vermiculite 10
~15%, shell charcoal 12~15%, pumice 5~15%, pelelith 5~15%, microorganism fertilizer 1~5%, wheat bran 5~10%, sustained release
Fertilizer 1~5% and polypyrrole 0.5~3%.
Due to the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: Cuiguan pear of the present invention
Breeding method is hybridized and using the branch of Cuiguan pear scion as female parent with yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest male parent, and using containing polliniferous
Dilution sprays maternal flower, can be realized the abundant pollination of maternal flower in this way, as a result, and accelerating Cuiguan pear tree
Growth, it is only necessary to the breeding of high-quality Cuiguan pear can be realized for 3~5 years.
Specific embodiment
The breeding method of Cuiguan pear of the present invention, it the following steps are included: (a) between annual Grain in Ear to Slight Heat solar term,
Choose the full substantial Cuiguan pear scion of bud, graft on birch-leaf pear seedling, unbinded after taking over a job, progress cut anvil, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer,
Water drenching and disease pest management；Spring next year carries out branch benefit according to grafting survival situation and connects, and the bud young sprout grown to grafting is plucked
The heart draws branch processing；It (b) is maternal, yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest as male parent using the Cuiguan pear branch in step (a), the pollen for acquiring the male parent is matched
At dilution, the maternal flower is sprayed with the dilution in fine day noon；The dilution includes following weight
The component of number: 0.5~2 part of pollen, 0.5~1 part of ethyl phenyl boric acid, 2~5 parts of sodium alginates and 500~800 parts of water；(c) it thanks
Hua Hou awards the female parent using artificial emasculation, point, bagging obtains hybridization fruit；(d) the hybridization fruit is taken into kind, uses cave
Disk nursery, subsequent field-transplanting obtain hybrid single plant；The hybrid single plant top young sprout scion for taking growth 2 years or more, is grafted in Huang
It is preced on stock, is unbinded after taking over a job, carry out cut anvil, loosen the soil, the management of water drenching and disease pest.Pass through the branch work with Cuiguan pear scion
Hybridized for female parent with yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest male parent, and maternal flower is sprayed using containing polliniferous dilution, in this way can
Realize maternal flower abundant pollination, as a result, and accelerate the growth of Cuiguan pear tree, it is only necessary to it is emerald green that high-quality can be realized within 3~5 years
It is preced with the breeding of pears.In step (a), the fertilizer preferably comprises the component of following mass percent: loose squama 35~55%, vermiculite 10
~15%, shell charcoal 12~15%, pumice 5~15%, pelelith 5~15%, microorganism fertilizer 1~5%, wheat bran 5~10%, sustained release
Fertilizer 1~5% and polypyrrole 0.5~3%.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, invention is further explained.
Experimental example 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, it the following steps are included:
(a) between annual Grain in Ear to Slight Heat solar term, the full substantial Cuiguan pear scion of bud is chosen, is grafted in birch-leaf pear
It on seedling, is unbinded after taking over a job, carries out cut anvil, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, water drenching and disease pest management；Spring next year is according to grafting survival situation
It carries out branch benefit to connect, pinching is carried out to the bud young sprout that grafting is grown, draws branch processing；The fertilizer of application includes following components: loose squama
35kg (be purchased from the gardens Shanghai little Fan, 3~6mm of grain size specification), vermiculite 12kg (winning Xiang, 1~3mm of grain size specification purchased from Hebei),
Shell charcoal 12kg (is purchased from Liyang Kang Hong, coconut husk charcoal；Granularity be 4~8 mesh), pumice 10kg (be purchased from the flat technique of Jinhua favour, grain size specification
3~6mm), pelelith 10kg (be purchased from Xing Yi mineral products processing factory, 3~6mm of grain size specification), microorganism fertilizer 5kg it is (vertical purchased from east
Believe bioengineering, article No. HH251-102), wheat bran 8kg (purchased from youth's fishing gear is lured), slow-release fertilizer 5kg (engage Joyous Garden skill purchased from Shanghai, it is difficult to understand
Green manure 1), polypyrrole 3kg (day inspiring confidence in chemical industry purchased from Henan, article No.: tf-8835)；By the microorganism fertilizer of formula ratio, slow-release fertilizer and
After mixing, a small amount of water (usually the 20~50% of microorganism fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer and wheat bran gross mass) are added in wheat bran, then add
Enter polypyrrole to be uniformly mixed；Shell charcoal, pumice, pelelith, vermiculite and the loose squama for sequentially adding formula ratio are uniformly mixed；Tool
Body applying method are as follows: surround the pit of nursery stock in pear tree nursery stock and the soil contact position system of digging, apply 1kg above-mentioned fertilizer (one week
Apply once, apply January).
(b) be maternal, yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest as male parent using the Cuiguan pear branch in step (a), acquire the male parent pollen be made into it is dilute
Liquid is released, the maternal flower is sprayed with the dilution in fine day noon；The dilution includes following parts by weight
Component: 0.5 part of pollen, 1 part of ethyl phenyl boric acid, 5 parts of sodium alginates and 800 parts of water；
(c) Xie Huahou awards the female parent using artificial emasculation, point, bagging obtains hybridization fruit；
(d) the hybridization fruit is taken into kind, with hole plate seedling growth, subsequent field-transplanting obtains hybrid single plant；Take growth 2 years
Above hybrid single plant top young sprout scion is grafted on yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest stock, is unbinded after taking over a job, and is carried out cut anvil, is loosened the soil, water drenching and disease
Scolite reason.
Experimental example 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, it with it is almost the same in embodiment 1, unlike, step
Suddenly in (b), dilution includes the component of following parts by weight: 2 parts of pollen, 0.5 part of ethyl phenyl boric acid, 2 parts of sodium alginates and 500
Part water.
Experimental example 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, it with it is almost the same in embodiment 1, unlike, step
Suddenly in (b), dilution includes the component of following parts by weight: 1 part of pollen, 0.8 part of ethyl phenyl boric acid, 3 parts of sodium alginates and 600
Part water.
Experimental example 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, it with it is almost the same in embodiment 1, unlike, step
Suddenly in (a), the fertilizer of application includes following components: loose squama 50kg, vermiculite 13kg, shell charcoal 13kg, pumice 5kg, pelelith 10kg,
Microorganism fertilizer 1kg, wheat bran 6kg, slow-release fertilizer 1kg, polypyrrole 1kg.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment provides a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, it with it is almost the same in embodiment 1, unlike, step
Suddenly in (a), the fertilizer of application includes following components: loose squama 45kg, vermiculite 13kg, shell charcoal 13kg, pumice 8kg, pelelith 9kg,
Microorganism fertilizer 3kg, wheat bran 6kg, slow-release fertilizer 2kg, polypyrrole 1kg.
Comparative example 1
This example provides a kind of cultural method of Cuiguan pear, it with it is almost the same in embodiment 1, unlike, step (a)
In, do not apply fertilizer.
The growing state table of 1 Cuiguan pear of table
Note: fruiting rate refers to the ratio for the fruit number and pistil number thereon that Cuiguan pear scion obtains；Cion survival rate is
Graft success rate.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, it is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear, which is characterized in that it the following steps are included:
(a) between annual Grain in Ear to Slight Heat solar term, the full substantial Cuiguan pear scion of bud is chosen, is grafted in birch-leaf pear seedling
On, it is unbinded after taking over a job, carries out cut anvil, loosen the soil, apply fertilizer, water drenching and disease pest management；Spring next year carries out according to grafting survival situation
Branch benefit connects, and carries out pinching to the bud young sprout that grafting is grown, draws branch processing；
It (b) is maternal, yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest as male parent using the Cuiguan pear branch in step (a), the pollen for acquiring the male parent is made into dilution,
The maternal flower is sprayed with the dilution in fine day noon；The dilution includes the group of following parts by weight
Point: 0.5 ~ 2 part of pollen, 0.5 ~ 1 part of ethyl phenyl boric acid, 2 ~ 5 parts of sodium alginates and 500 ~ 800 parts of water；
(c) Xie Huahou awards the female parent using artificial emasculation, point, bagging obtains hybridization fruit；
(d) the hybridization fruit is taken into kind, with hole plate seedling growth, subsequent field-transplanting obtains hybrid single plant；It takes growth 2 years or more
The young sprout scion of hybrid single plant top, graft on yellow hat worn by a Taoist priest stock, unbinded after taking over a job, carry out cut anvil, loosen the soil, water drenching and disease pest pipe
Reason.
2. the breeding method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (a), the fertilizer includes following
The component of mass percent: loose squama 35 ~ 55%, vermiculite 10 ~ 15%, shell charcoal 12 ~ 15%, pumice 5 ~ 15%, pelelith 5 ~ 15%, micro- life
Object fertilizer 1 ~ 5%, wheat bran 5 ~ 10%, slow-release fertilizer 1 ~ 5% and polypyrrole 0.5 ~ 3%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811084981.7A CN109328693A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811084981.7A CN109328693A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear |
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| CN109328693A true CN109328693A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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| CN201811084981.7A Pending CN109328693A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of breeding method of Cuiguan pear |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114631436A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 四川小柳树农业开发有限公司 | Grafting planting method for flower pears |
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| CN102599046A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Pear pollination solution, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102783413A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree |
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| CN105210783A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | The propagation method of a kind of kingfisher hat pears nursery stock |
| CN105254451A (en) * | 2015-10-25 | 2016-01-20 | 坤园（福州）园林规划建设有限公司 | Ecological soil |
| CN106171721A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-07 | 全椒县西王镇英成家庭农场 | A kind of emerald pears implantation methods |
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2018
- 2018-09-18 CN CN201811084981.7A patent/CN109328693A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030028522A (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2003-04-08 | 경상남도 | The methods for tow branch growth of young Pear tree |
| CN102599046A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Pear pollination solution, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102783413A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree |
| CN104871753A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | 西昌贝安德林农林科技有限公司 | Red cedrela sinensis seedling growing method |
| CN105254451A (en) * | 2015-10-25 | 2016-01-20 | 坤园（福州）园林规划建设有限公司 | Ecological soil |
| CN105210783A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | The propagation method of a kind of kingfisher hat pears nursery stock |
| CN106171721A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-12-07 | 全椒县西王镇英成家庭农场 | A kind of emerald pears implantation methods |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114631436A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 四川小柳树农业开发有限公司 | Grafting planting method for flower pears |
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Application publication date: 20190215 |