CN109294641A - 一种喷油嘴清洗剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种喷油嘴清洗剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109294641A
CN109294641A CN201811404658.3A CN201811404658A CN109294641A CN 109294641 A CN109294641 A CN 109294641A CN 201811404658 A CN201811404658 A CN 201811404658A CN 109294641 A CN109294641 A CN 109294641A
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林壮
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种喷油嘴清洗剂及其制备方法，按质量百分比计，所述清洗剂包括以下组分：添加剂5‑15％，溶剂油20‑40％，二甲苯35‑50％，甲基异丁基甲醇5‑20％，石油醚2‑15％，调色粉0‑0.01％；其中所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：聚醚胺20‑30％，重质溶剂石脑油15‑30％，轻质溶剂石脑油1‑10％，聚醚多元醇10‑30％，2‑乙基己醇1‑10％，三甲苯1‑10％，萘0.5‑5％，正丙基苯0.5‑5％，聚丙二醇0.5‑5％，枯烯0.05‑3％，三乙醇胺0.01‑5％。本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂可以清洁喷油嘴内部积碳，改善燃油雾化效果，降低油耗，恢复动力，改善冷启动难状况。

Description

一种喷油嘴清洗剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于汽油添加剂技术领域，具体涉及一种喷油嘴清洗剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着汽车工业的快速发展，我国汽车的保有量在迅速增加。伴随着汽车给人们生产、生活带来方便的同时，也加大了石油资源的消耗与尾气有害物质的排放。汽车在运行中，发动机进气系统与燃烧室产生大量的沉积物，严重影响燃料的正常喷射、雾化混合燃烧，结果导致怠速不稳定、加速性能变差、油耗增加。烃类、CO和NO等有害气体排放量增加，喷油嘴沉积物还会导致局部过热，预燃和爆震使燃烧效果变差。车辆在日常使用中，尽管设计非常精密但由于一些油品的质量存在差异，及其它外部因素如发动机曲轴箱强制通风、废气再循环等系统，发动机喷油嘴不可避免的出现积碳，由于缺乏自清洁能力，从而导致了一系列的发动机故障。并且汽油中的烯烃会在发动机内产生大量积炭，而在油箱内也会形成胶质，影响油路和油表的准确。在长期的运行过程中，进气阀和三元催化器会产生明显甚至严重的积碳。发动机燃油喷嘴对沉积物极为敏感，所以必须使用喷油嘴清洗剂来缓解这一恶劣情况的发生。
进气阀和三元催化器积碳会带来许多危害：(1)低温冷启动困难，冷车怠速达不到规定的转速，严重时冷车怠速会熄火，热车后怠速低；(2)发动机进气阻力增大，发动机功率下降，严重时引起爆震；(3)驾驶性能变差；(4)缩短火花塞、氧传感器、三元催化器的使用寿命；(5)汽油燃烧不完全，加速不畅，油耗增加，尾气排放增加，发动机的使用寿命变短。
常见的解决办法有在保养时使用汽油清洗剂，而目前市售溶剂型清洗剂对管路的橡塑胶部件有一定的溶胀作用，会影响油路的密封性能和使用寿命；市售清洗剂清洗效果不好，清洗效率低。现有的各种喷油嘴清洗剂各有优缺点，可是现有喷油嘴清洗剂在油路积碳的去除以及节油率等综合性能总是难以令人满意。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供了一种喷油嘴清洗剂及其制备方法。
本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种喷油嘴清洗剂，按质量百分比计，所述清洗剂包括以下组分：
其中所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
进一步地，所述清洗剂包括以下组分：
进一步地，所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
进一步地，所述三甲苯包括1,2,4-三甲苯和/或1,3,5-三甲苯。进一步地，所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
进一步地，所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
一种喷油嘴清洗剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按配比将所述添加剂的成分搅拌均匀(使用防爆电机)，制得添加剂；按配比将所述清洗剂的成分搅拌均匀(使用防爆电机)，即得所述喷油嘴清洗剂，及时密封好，避免原液挥发损失，制备过程中随时保持现场空气流通。
所述添加剂是燃油添加剂。溶剂油为200#溶剂油(200号溶剂油是用石油的直馏馏分催化重整抽余油经分馏所得，由140℃-200℃的石油馏分组成，由茂名石化生产，广东中海南联能源有限公司代理供应)。调色粉是7008油溶金黄色粉，由深圳市永发化工有限公司提供。
轻质溶剂石脑油是溶剂石脑油(石油)，属于轻芳烃，CAS号为64742-95-6。重质溶剂石脑油是溶剂石脑油(石油)，属于重芳烃，CAS号为64742-95-5。1,2,4-三甲苯的CAS号为95-63-6。1,3,5-三甲苯的CAS号为108-67-8。正丙基苯的CAS号为103-65-1。二甲苯的CAS号为1330-20-7。2-乙基己醇的CAS号为104-76-7。萘的CAS号为91-20-3。枯烯的CAS号为98-82-8。三乙醇胺的CAS号为102-71-6。聚醚胺分子量为1000-3000，例如2000，具体地型号为PEA D2000。聚丙二醇分子量为500-2000，例如1000，具体地型号为PEG 1000。
例如，所述喷油嘴清洗剂的密度在20摄氏度时为0.93；运动粘度：在40摄氏度时为1.8mm2/s。
本发明所述喷油嘴清洗剂每次使用325mL，每10000公里使用1次。本发明所述喷油嘴清洗剂可用于各类汽油发动机，例如缸内直喷、涡轮增压发动机。
本发明所述喷油嘴清洗剂内含高活性清洁因子，能对喷油嘴和气门阀的胶质、油泥及积碳进行吸附、渗透、剥离，经高温燃烧后转换成无害气体，通过尾气排出。改善因积碳造成的喷油嘴雾化不良、车辆动力不足、有害气体排放超标和油耗升高等状况。本产品安全环保，不损伤密封元件。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂清洁效果好，清洁效率高，可以让燃烧更充分，降低有害气体排放，保护环境；
(2)本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂的制备方法简便，成本低，适合大规模工业生产应用；
(3)本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂可以清洁喷油嘴内部积碳，改善燃油雾化效果，降低油耗，恢复动力；
(4)本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂可以清洁进气阀积碳，改善冷启动难状况。
附图说明
图1是使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂前后喷油嘴喷油的效果图(图(a)未使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂；图(b)使用了本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂)。
具体实施方式
为了更好的解释本发明，现结合以下具体实施例做进一步说明，但是本发明不限于具体实施例。
按照表1配制喷油嘴清洗剂。
表1：各实施例喷油嘴清洗剂的组分(质量％)。
按照表2配制添加剂。
表2：各实施例添加剂的组分(质量％)。
使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂进行进气阀沉积物(IVD)清洗测试，测得基准IVD为251mg，而在同等条件下使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂后的IVD为10mg，相比之下，使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂的IVD减少了96％。图1为使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂前后喷油嘴喷油的效果图(图(a)未使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂；图(b)使用了本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂)。喷油的均匀就表示雾化效果好，只有雾化效果好，才能更充分的燃烧，才能省油。使用本发明的喷油嘴清洗剂后喷油明显更均匀，雾化效果显著更高，且喷嘴部的油污和不完全燃烧物被清洗干净。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明作的等效变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围之中。

Claims (7)

1.一种喷油嘴清洗剂，其特征在于，按质量百分比计，所述清洗剂包括以下组分：
其中所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
2.根据权利要求1所述的喷油嘴清洗剂，其特征在于，按质量百分比计，所述清洗剂包括以下组分：
3.根据权利要求1所述的喷油嘴清洗剂，其特征在于，所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的喷油嘴清洗剂，其特征在于，所述三甲苯包括1,2,4-三甲苯和/或1,3,5-三甲苯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的喷油嘴清洗剂，其特征在于，所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
6.根据权利要求3所述的喷油嘴清洗剂，其特征在于，所述添加剂按质量百分比计包括以下组分：
7.一种根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的喷油嘴清洗剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：按配比将所述添加剂的成分搅拌均匀，制得添加剂；按配比将所述清洗剂的成分搅拌均匀，即得所述喷油嘴清洗剂。
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