CN109293377A - 一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料 - Google Patents

一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料 Download PDF

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CN109293377A
CN109293377A CN201811187588.0A CN201811187588A CN109293377A CN 109293377 A CN109293377 A CN 109293377A CN 201811187588 A CN201811187588 A CN 201811187588A CN 109293377 A CN109293377 A CN 109293377A
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丁志祥
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Changxin Xin Ding Refractory Materials Factory (general Partnership)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,属于耐火材料技术领域。本发明为一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15‑16份、氧化铝骨料72‑83份、二氧化硅12‑16份、矾土13‑17份、铝酸钙水泥4‑7份、减水剂0.12‑0.22份。本发明的浇注料具有良好的耐磨性和抗侵蚀能力,最大使用温度高、抗折强度高,使用过程中不会过快干燥固化。本发明使用过程简单,节约成本,所使用的原料价格低廉,在使用过程中不会发生过快固化,在高温和酸性条件下使用长久时间仍不会发生腐蚀。

Description

一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,具体涉及一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料。
背景技术
耐火材料是耐火度不低于1580℃的一类无机非金属材料。耐火度是指耐火材料锥形体试样在没有荷重情况下,抵抗高温作用而不软化的摄氏温度。但仅以耐火度来定义已不能全面描述耐火材料了,1580℃并不是绝对的。现定义为凡物理化学性质允许其在高温环境下使用的材料称为耐火材料。耐火材料广泛用于冶金、化工、石油、机械制造、硅酸盐、动力等工业领域,在冶金工业中用量最大,占总产量的50%~60%。
耐火材料品种繁多、用途各异,有必要对耐火材料进行科学分类,耐火材料的分类方法很多,其中主要有化学属性分类法、化学矿物组成分类法、生产工艺分类法、材料形态分类法等多种方法。按化学矿物质组成进行分类:硅质(氧化硅质)、硅酸铝质、刚玉质、镁质、镁钙质、铝镁质、镁硅质、碳复合耐火材料、锆质耐火材料、特种耐火材料。
不定型耐火材料由具有一定粒度级配的耐火骨料和粉料、结合剂、外加剂混合而成的耐火材料,又称散状耐火材料,能直接使用或加适当的液体调配后使用,是一种不经煅烧的新型耐火材料,其耐火度不低于1580摄氏度。用于热工设备衬里,不经烧成工序,直接烘烤使用。同耐火砖比较,具有工艺简单(因省去烧成工序)、节约能源、成本低廉、便于机械化施工等特点。在某些热工设备上使用效果比耐火砖好。
浇注料又称耐火浇注料,是一种由耐火物料加入一定量结合剂制成的粒状和粉状材料,具有较高流动性,以浇注方式成型的不定形耐火材料。同其他不定形耐火材料相比,结合剂和水分含量较高,流动性较好,故而浇注料应用范围较广,可根据使用条件对所用材质和结合剂加以选择。既可直接浇注成衬体使用,又可用浇注或震实方法制成预制块使用。
现有技术中生产的浇注料在使用的过程中耐磨性差、抗侵蚀能力弱以及抗折强度低。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,具有良好的耐磨性和抗侵蚀能力,最大使用温度高、抗折强度高。
本发明为一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15-16份、氧化铝骨料72-83份、二氧化硅12-16份、矾土13-17份、铝酸钙水泥4-7份、减水剂0.12-0.22份。
较为优选的,本发明的浇注料按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15.5份、氧化铝骨料80份、二氧化硅15份、矾土14份、铝酸钙水泥5份、减水剂0.2份。
按重量份计还包括硅灰8-12份、纳米氧化铝4-10份、镁砂3-7份、三聚磷
酸钠0.2-0.3份、六偏磷酸钠0.3-0.5份。
所述氧化铝骨料按照重量份计包括刚玉粉30-42份、α-Al2O330-53份。所
述二氧化硅粒径为800-1200nm。所述水玻璃模数为2.3~3.0,密度为1.36~1.45g/cm3
水玻璃作为结合剂,配合少量的铝酸钙水泥使用,调节浇注料在使用过程中固化的速度,降低固化温度。水玻璃与骨料、粉料等按一定比例混合制备的浇注料耐磨性好、耐腐蚀性强,适用于高温下易磨损和有酸碱腐蚀的钢包和热工设备上,使用温度达到1500℃。水玻璃在常温下发生化学反应或者通过加热发生反应形成具有结合作用的化合物二而产生结合。反应生成水溶胶SiO2· nH2O经脱水形成硅氧烷网络状结构,从而产生较强的结合强度。
模数相同时密度越大越稠;密度相同时模数越高越稠,可以在使用水玻璃是加入微量的氟硅酸钠作为促絮凝剂,加入量为水玻璃质量的3-6%。
二氧化硅份、矾土、硅灰、纳米氧化铝、镁砂作为粉料,在浇注料中与水玻璃一起填充骨料颗粒之间的间隙,同时分散水玻璃胶体、起到瘠化材料的作用。粉料选择耐酸腐蚀的二氧化硅、纳米氧化铝等,能够提高浇注料的耐酸碱侵蚀的能力。
硅灰或称凝聚硅灰,是铁合金在冶炼硅铁和工业硅(金属硅)时,矿热电炉内产生出大量挥发性很强的SiO2和Si气体,气体排放后与空气迅速氧化冷凝沉淀而成。它是大工业冶炼中的副产物,整个过程需要用除尘环保设备进行回收,因为密度较小,还需要用加密设备进行加密。本发明中使用的硅灰为300目、400目、500目、600目。硅灰在氧化中形成多层保护层,具有良好的力学性能和抗高温抗氧化性能,耐火材料中加入超细硅微粉后,其流动性、烧结性、结合性、填充气孔性能都得到不同程度的提高。提高了结构密度和强度、降低材料的磨损率、增强抗侵蚀性。
硅粉能够填充骨料颗粒间的孔隙,同时与水化产物生成凝胶体,与镁砂中的氧化镁反应生成凝胶体。在耐火材料浇注料中,掺入适量的硅灰,可起到
显著提高抗压、抗折、抗渗、防腐、抗冲击及耐磨性能的作用,同时,能够提高浇注型耐火材料的致密性。在与Al2O3并存时,更易生成莫来石相,使其高温强度,抗热振性增强。
三聚磷酸钠是一类无定形水溶性线状聚磷酸盐,两端以Na2PO4终止,化学式Na5P3O10,相对分子质量367.86。常用于食品中,作水分保持剂、品质改良剂、pH调节剂、金属螯合剂。本发明中三聚磷酸钠用作保水剂,保证在施工过程中浇注料的流动性。六偏磷酸钠的吸湿性很强,露置于空气中能逐渐吸收水分而呈粘胶状,本发明中使用六偏磷酸钠是用来与三聚磷酸钠配合作用,在浇注料使用的过程中能够保证其流动性和弹性,并在固化的过程中提高浇注料的强度。减水剂为本技术领域耐火材料生产中常用的减水剂。
本发明的浇注料具有良好的耐磨性和抗侵蚀能力,最大使用温度高、抗折强度高,使用过程中不会过快干燥固化。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1
一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15份、氧化铝骨料(刚玉粉42份、α-Al2O330份)72份、二氧化硅12份、矾土13份、铝酸钙水泥4份、减水剂0.12份、硅灰8份、纳米氧化铝4份、镁砂3份、三聚磷酸钠0.2份、六偏磷酸钠0.3份。二氧化硅粒径为800nm,水玻璃模数为2.3,密度为1.36g/cm3
所得的产品体积密度达2.8-3.0g/cm3,在1110℃下使用3h的抗折强度为7.5-7.9MPa,耐压强度为75-78MPa。
实施例2
一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15-16份、氧化铝骨料(刚玉粉30份、α-Al2O353份)83份、二氧化硅16份、矾土17份、铝酸钙水泥7份、减水剂0.22份、硅灰12份、纳米氧化铝10份、镁砂7份、三聚磷酸钠0.3份、六偏磷酸钠0.5份。二氧化硅粒径为1200nm,水玻璃模数为3.0,密度为1.45g/cm3
所得的产品体积密度达2.9-3.1g/cm3,在1110℃下使用3h的抗折强度为8.0-8.3MPa,耐压强度为78-80MPa。
实施例3
一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15.5份、氧化铝骨料(刚玉粉40份、α-Al2O340份)80份、二氧化硅15份、矾土14份、铝酸钙水泥5份、减水剂0.2份、硅灰8-12份、纳米氧化铝8份、镁砂4份、三聚磷酸钠0.25份、六偏磷酸钠0.4份。二氧化硅粒径为1000nm,水玻璃模数为2.4,密度为1.4g/cm3
所得的产品体积密度达3.1-3.4g/cm3,在1110℃下使用3h的抗折强度为8.5-9.0MPa,耐压强度为90-92MPa。
本发明的浇注料具有良好的耐磨性和抗侵蚀能力,最大使用温度高、抗折强度高,使用过程中不会过快干燥固化。本发明使用过程简单,节约成本,所使用的原料价格低廉,在使用过程中不会发生过快固化,在高温和酸性条件下使用长久时间不会发生腐蚀。
本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施方式所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15-16份、氧化铝骨料72-83份、二氧化硅12-16份、矾土13-17份、铝酸钙水泥4-7份、减水剂0.12-0.22份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,按重量份计包含以下组分:水玻璃15.5份、氧化铝骨料80份、二氧化硅15份、矾土14份、铝酸钙水泥5份、减水剂0.2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,按重量份计还包括硅灰8-12份、纳米氧化铝4-10份、镁砂3-7份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,按重量份计还包括三聚磷酸钠0.2-0.3份、六偏磷酸钠0.3-0.5份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,所述氧化铝骨料按照重量份计包括刚玉粉30-42份、α-Al2O3 30-53份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,所述二氧化硅粒径为800-1200nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨抗侵蚀浇注料,其特征在于,所述水玻璃模数为2.3~3.0,密度为1.36~1.45g/cm3
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