CN109293357A - 一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109293357A
CN109293357A CN201811157430.9A CN201811157430A CN109293357A CN 109293357 A CN109293357 A CN 109293357A CN 201811157430 A CN201811157430 A CN 201811157430A CN 109293357 A CN109293357 A CN 109293357A
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蒲永平
师裕
张倩雯
王雯
李经纬
彭鑫
张磊
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷。本发明还公开了该陶瓷材料的制备方法:分别采用SrCO3、Bi2O3、Nb2O5和Fe2O3为原料制备;对粉体进行球磨,预烧,过筛和成型,最终在1000‑1050℃温度下烧结,得到了具有奥里维里斯结构单相的多铁性陶瓷材料。本发明所制备的SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷是通过固相法,将BiFeO3插入到SrBi2Nb2O9中,制备的材料工艺简单,生产成本低,在室温下,材料展现了优异的介电和多铁性能。

Description

一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷及其 制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于单相多铁性陶瓷材料领域,涉及一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
多铁性材料指的是材料的同一相中包含有两种以上(含两种)铁的基本性能的材料。这些铁的基本性能包括铁电性能、铁磁性能和铁弹性能。多铁性材料不但具备各种单一的铁性,而且通过铁性的耦合复合协同作用,可以通过磁场控制电极化或者通过电场控制磁极化。这些特定性能使得多铁性材料广泛运用于电容器、存储器、驱动器和探测器等诸多领域。鉴于实际应用中多铁性材料需要在居里温度以下具有磁电效应,因而铁电相变温度和磁相变温度都在室温之上的BiFeO3(铁酸铋)材料成为研究最多的多铁性陶瓷材料。然而,BiFeO3多铁性材料的氧空位缺陷导致材料存在漏电、矫顽场较大、低电阻率等问题。所以我们期望通过插入法将BiFeO3中的[FeO]6八面体引入到具有好的介电性能及低损耗的基体当中去,从而获得一种既有多铁特性,还具有高击穿强度和低损耗的单相多铁性材料。
奥里维里斯化合物由二维的钙钛矿和(Bi2O2)2+层按一定规则共生排列而成。它的化学通式为(Bi2O2)2+(Am-1BmO3m+1)2-,其中,A为Pb2+、Ba2+、Sr2+、Ca2+、Na+、K+、La3+、Y3+等适合12配位的+1、+2、+3、+4价离子或由它们组成的复合离子, B为Co3+、Cr3+、Zr4+、Ti4+、Nb5+、Ta5+、Mo6+等适合于八面体配位的离子或由它们组成的复合离子,m为整数,称为层数,即钙钛矿层的层数,其值可为1-5。在目前的研究中,奥里维里斯化合物由于其结构中存在钙钛矿层,而BiFeO3也是一种扭曲的钙钛矿结构,这就让奥里维里斯化合物成为了一种优秀的基体。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷及其制备方法,在具有优异铁电性能和低介电损耗的SrBi2Nb2O9材料中,通过插入法将BiFeO3插入到基体材料的结构当中,再通过高温的烧结,获得一种单相的三层奥里维里斯多铁化合物SrBi3Nb2FeO12
为达成上述所提到的性能,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照化学式SrBi3Nb2FeO12将分析纯的SrCO3,Bi2O3,Nb2O5和Fe2O3配制后通过机械球磨混合均匀,然后烘干,过筛,再经预烧,得到块状固体。
(2)将块状固体粉碎后,再次进行球磨,得到产品过筛得到尺寸均匀的SrBi3Nb2FeO12粉体。
(3)将得到的SrBi3Nb2FeO12粉体,以每份质量0.4g进行称量,然后倒入模具当中,施加500-700N竖直方向上的力,将成型好的圆片进行脱模,得到形状完好的样品。
(4)将圆片放置于胶套当中,利用抽真空设备将胶套的空气排出,密封胶套口,放入冷等静压成型。
(5)将得到的样品从胶套中取出后于箱式炉中烧结成瓷,得到具有奥里维里斯结构的SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷材料样品。
(6)打磨、清洗步骤(5)中一次烧结好的式样后,在式样的正反两面均匀涂覆银电极浆料,进行热处理,得到具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷。
所述步骤(1)、步骤(2)中球磨时间均为4~6小时。
所述步骤(1)、步骤(2)中混合氧化物与锆球石及去离子水混合、球磨、烘干后形成干料。
所述步骤(1)中预烧条件为:以5℃/min升温至750-800℃,保温2-4小时,之后,以5℃/min降温至500℃,随炉冷却到室温。
所述步骤(2)中,将块体粉碎后过200-300目筛得到尺寸均匀的粉体。
所述步骤(4)中,冷等静压成型是,在压机中施加200-250MPa的压力,保压时间为180-300s。
所述步骤(5)中烧结条件为:以2℃/min升温至200℃,再以5℃/min升到1000-1050℃,保温3-5小时,之后,以5℃/min降温至500℃,随炉冷却到室温。
所述步骤(6)中热处理的温度为800-850℃,保温时间为15-20min。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的有益效果:在之前很多的探讨中,人们选择奥里维里斯化合物作为基体,通过一系列的过渡金属元素单掺和共掺,加多铁性引入了材料体系当中。本发明将单相的多铁BiFeO3通过固相法插入到了具有低损耗的奥里维里斯化合物SrBi2Nb2O9中,形成了一种新型的具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷。通过以上两种方法的对比发现,本发明制备的材料具有更小的介电损耗,并且生成的相也更加纯。这是因为此发明是将铁氧八面体完整的引入到基体的结构中,只是增加了钙钛矿的层数,而不是去取代原有钛氧八面体的位置,可以避免引入缺陷化学所产生的载流子数量。本实验的样品的制备过程当中,采用了更加先进的冷等静压成型技术,避免了样品的浪费和粘结剂的加入,节省了制作的成本,加快了生产周期并且避免了粘结剂对样品的污染。除此之外,由于冷等静压成型技术是利用液体进行压力的传递,与传统单项加压的压制相比,冷等静压成型会让样品从各个方向受到压力,并且压力相比较更大,制备的生坯更加的致密,为下一步优异实验结果奠定了基础。
附图说明
图1为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的合成过程示意图;
图2为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的XRD图谱;
图3为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的拉曼图谱;
图4为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的扫描图片(左:抛光热腐蚀/右:抛光酸腐蚀);
图5为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的介电常数随频率变化的图谱;
图6为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的电滞回线;
图7为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的磁滞回线;
图8为SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明进行详细说明,但是本发明不局限于以下实施例。
一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照化学式SrBi3Nb2FeO12将分析纯的SrCO3,Bi2O3,Nb2O5和Fe2O3配制后通过机械球磨混合均匀,然后烘干,过筛,再经800oC预烧4小时,得到块状固体。
(2)将块状固体粉碎后,再次进行球磨,得到产品过筛得到尺寸均匀的SrBi3Nb2FeO12粉体。
(3)将得到的SrBi3Nb2FeO12粉体,以每份质量0.4g进行称量,然后倒入模具当中,施加600N竖直方向上的力,将成型好的圆片进行脱模,得到形状完好的样品。
(4)将圆片放置于胶套当中,利用抽真空设备将胶套的空气排出,密封胶套口,放入冷等静压成型,在200 Mpa的压力下保压300s。
(5)将得到的样品从胶套中取出后于箱式炉中1030oC烧结2小时成瓷,得到具有奥里维里斯结构的SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷材料样品。
(6)打磨、清洗步骤(5)中一次烧结好的式样后,在式样的正反两面均匀涂覆银电极浆料,进行850oC热处理15min,得到具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷。
参照图1,图2为SrBi3Nb2FeO12合成过程示意图,具有奥里维里斯结构的SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷通过BiFeO3引入到SrBi2Nb2O9合成。
参照图2,图2为SrBi3Nb2FeO12的XRD图谱,可以看出合成了纯相的SrBi3Nb2FeO12
参照图3,图3为SrBi3Nb2FeO12的拉曼图谱,可以看到样品呈现了三层的奥里维里斯化合物结构。
参照图4,图4为SrBi3Nb2FeO12的SEM图谱,从图中可以看出材料的晶粒呈现圆片形状;
参照图5,图5为SrBi3Nb2FeO12的介电常数随频率变化图谱。
参照图6,图6为SrBi3Nb2FeO12的电滞回线图谱,可以看到一个典型的电滞回线,说明了材料的铁电性。
参照图7,图7为SrBi3Nb2FeO12的磁滞回线图谱,可以看到一较细的磁滞回线,说明了材料的弱反铁磁特性。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷,其特征在于,化学式为SrBi3Nb2FeO12,具有三层奥里维里斯结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于采用固相法,具体步骤包括:
1)按照化学式SrBi3Nb2FeO12将分析纯的SrCO3、Bi2O3、Nb2O5、及Fe2O3配制后通过球磨混合均匀,然后烘干、过筛,再经预烧,得到块状固体;
2)将块状固体粉碎后,再次进行球磨,产品过筛得到尺寸均匀的SrBi3Nb2FeO12粉体;
3)将得到的SrBi3Nb2FeO12粉体倒入模具当中压制成型,将成型好的坯体进行脱模,得到形状完好的坯体;
4)将步骤3)制备的坯体冷等静压成型;
5)将步骤4)得到的坯体烧结成瓷,得到具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1)、步骤2)中的混合氧化物与锆球石及去离子水混合、球磨、烘干后形成干料,球磨时间均为5~7小时。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1)中预烧条件为:以5℃/min升温750~850℃,保温2-4小时,之后,以5℃/min降温至500℃,随炉冷却到室温。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤4)中,冷等静压成型是在压机中施加200-250MPa的压力,保压时间为180-300s。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤5)中,烧结条件为以5℃/min升到1000-1050℃,保温3-5小时,之后,以5℃/min降温至500℃,随炉冷却到室温。
7.对权利要求1所述的一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷进行表面处理的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:打磨、清洗具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷,在陶瓷的正反两面均匀涂覆银电极浆料,进行热处理,得到具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷测试样品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种对具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷表面处理的方法,其特征在于热处理的温度为800-850℃,保温时间为15-20min。
9.权利要求1-9任一项所制备的具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷。
CN201811157430.9A 2018-09-30 2018-09-30 一种具有奥里维里斯结构单相SrBi3Nb2FeO12多铁性陶瓷及其制备方法 Pending CN109293357A (zh)

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