CN109275487A - A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation - Google Patents
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109275487A CN109275487A CN201811049979.6A CN201811049979A CN109275487A CN 109275487 A CN109275487 A CN 109275487A CN 201811049979 A CN201811049979 A CN 201811049979A CN 109275487 A CN109275487 A CN 109275487A
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- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- grape
- seedling stage
- rain shelter
- spacing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, the present invention is planted in wine-growing seedling stage by the method for frame rain shelter cultivation, it proposes take shelter from rain by scaffolding, reinforce seedling stage fertilizer and water management, and use frame rain shelter cultivation, setting fruit position is high from the ground, it divulges information, can prevent or reduce pathogen transmission, be not easy to fall ill；It can control humidity in soil moisture and garden simultaneously, promote to bear fruit, reduce physiological fallen fruit, facilitate growth balance, be conducive to produce high-quality big fruit grape, with dust-proof anti-bird pest and pollution by pesticides can be reduced, allow grape early fruiting and high yield, promote the development of south grape industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wine-growing technical field more particularly to a kind of methods of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation.
Background technique
Grape is the perennial fallen leaves bejuco of Vitaceae Vitis, moves in warm temperate zone and subtropical climate item
Part is one of maximum fruit tree type of cultivation history longest, yield in the world.China is vitis spp germplasm resource in the world
The most abundant country originates in type up to 38 kinds.Grape likes dry and comfortable weather, sufficient sunlight, and southern heat is abundant, rainwater
Plentifully, it is conducive to grape high-yield, but southern area high temperature and humidity, outdoor cropping grape disease is heavier, seriously constrains grape industry
Development.The rain shelter cultivation of grape is, to prevent rainwater from directly washing away grape branches and leaves, plastic film to be covered in its season of growth
In simple, the effective cultivation mode of one kind of steelframe or bamboo arching shape ceiling portion.The cultivation mode can effectively improve grape growth
Subenvironment, reduce physiological fallen fruit, reduce the disease incidence of anthracnose, the diseases such as powdery mildew, reduce the disease pests such as red spider, chafer
Harmful generation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to remedy the disadvantages of known techniques, provides a kind of side of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation
Method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, comprising the following specific steps
(1) fertile soil is selected, illumination is sufficient, and level of ground water is low, it has abundant water resources and pollution-free, irrigation and drainage and the water having a good transport service
Field uses sufficient and ploughs deeply after base fertilizer 0.3-0.5 meters cultivated, smashes clod, and when making ridge uniformly spreads appropriate compound fertilizer again and mixes in ridge face with soil,
With south-north direction ridging, width, the depth of row spacing, height, the width in gutter and kind planting ditch are controlled, one layer of stalk is spread in bottom of trench, covers
One layer of mellow soil of lid, repaves one layer of farmyard manure, finally covers one layer of soil again；
(2) selected the posture of lew for Y type according to the area on wine-growing ground and the line-spacing of plant, awning both sides every
It founds a concrete stake and costs galvanized steel from the different orientation of awning on the concrete stake stood in the place of one section of fixed range
Pipe makes ceiling form an arc and covers film above, in awning basic construction respectively as canopy eaves, canopy arch and central sill
After the completion, rolling rod is installed so as to the control to awning on awning side；
(3) spring is planted before grape seedling rudiment according to certain line-spacing, spacing in the rows, when seedling it is long to certain phase when into
Row transplanting, adds carbendazim that liquid medicine is made before transplanting with root-inducing powder, and transplanting is into ridge after liquid medicine is dipped in root, and blinding is compacted, control
It 8-10 centimetres of planting depth, allows graft union to expose native face, irrigates root water, with black covering with ground sheeting ridge face, unregistered land film is stabbed out small
Hole, allows seedling limb to expose, and tapping is compact with soil；
(4) it carries out disinfection processing after epiphragma to seedling, the bud picking in seedling lamina, every plant is stayed 2 full strong buds, erases it
Remaining bud uprightly draws tie up in time when seedling grows 5-7 leaf, is pinched several times according to the growing state of seedling, when limb
When through semi-lignified, by 4 branches, southeastward the direction of northwest 4 is horizontal is tied on steel wire, is handled according to optimal diameter of fruit branch
Wouldn't pinching sublateral shoot, stay 6-8 leaf pinching, 2 leaf of terminal bud stayed to pluck after plucking repeatedly；
(5) seedling stage needs moisture more, and ridge soil humidity will be maintained at 60% or so, after seedling field planting covers unregistered land film, carries out full garden
It pours water, while to fill 1 water before rudiment, while when shoot grows 8-10 leaf, when tip of a branch blade is light green shinny, according to different situations
Carry out top dressing.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, step use sufficient base fertilizer described in (1), refer to and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields per acre
2000 kilograms of decomposed manures, 25 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 50 kilograms of calcium and magnesium phosphorus.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, control row spacing, height described in step (1), gutter width
And width, the depth of kind planting ditch, refer to 1.9 meters of row spacing of control, wide 1 meter, depth 0.4 of planting ditch are planted in 0.3 meter high, 0.6 meter of gutter
Rice.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, the frame frame high 1.8-1.9m of awning described in step (2) are wide
2.2-2.3m, crossbeam to the high about 0.4m of steel strand rope, setting fruit position are above the ground level about 1m.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, step are planted described in (3) according to certain line-spacing, spacing in the rows
It plants, refers to according to line-spacing 2.5m, spacing in the rows 1.5m, about plant 176 plants per acre.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation carries out disinfection processing to seedling described in step (4), specially
Seedling limbs are sprayed using with 5 ° of Be lime sulfur liquid baths, carry out pasteurised completely, before seedling bud eye starts rudiment to lamina, after
3 ° of Be lime sulfur liquid disinfectants of continuous spray.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, step (4) if described according to the growing state of seedling carry out
Dry topping carries out the 1st topping, 4 pairs is stayed above and below the 1st steel wire specially when major branch exceeds the 1st steel wire 20cm
Tip vertical growth, as the fruitful branch in next year, remaining sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching or all erases, and nutrient is made to focus on 4 sublateral shoots
Fast-growth；The 2nd topping is carried out when 4 tips left grow to 10-2 leaf (when long 1-1.2m), each young sprout top stays 1
Sublateral shoot continued growth, remaining sublateral shoot wouldn't pinching.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation carries out top dressing according to different situations described in step (5),
Specifically: when 10 leaf of seedling lamina or so, 30kg water is converted by 30mL methane liquid or other Liquid Fertilizers and is made into liquid fertilizer, directly from seedling
Base portion pours, and interval is applied for 15 days again with method, continuously applies 2-3 time, can increase concentration later, with 30kg water add 40mL Liquid Fertilizer with
30g urea, interval are continuously applied 2-3 times for 25 days or so.
The invention has the advantages that the present invention is planted in wine-growing seedling stage by the method for frame rain shelter cultivation, mention
It taken shelter from rain out by scaffolding, reinforce seedling stage fertilizer and water management, and use frame rain shelter cultivation, setting fruit position is high from the ground, it divulges information,
It can prevent or reduce pathogen transmission, be not easy to fall ill；It can control humidity in soil moisture and garden simultaneously, promote to bear fruit, reduce life
Shedding is managed, growth balance is facilitated, is conducive to produce high-quality big fruit grape, with dust-proof anti-bird pest and pollution by pesticides can be reduced, allowed
Grape early fruiting and high yield promotes the development of south grape industry.
Specific embodiment
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, comprising the following specific steps
(1) fertile soil is selected, illumination is sufficient, and level of ground water is low, it has abundant water resources and pollution-free, irrigation and drainage and the water having a good transport service
2000 kilograms of decomposed manures, 25 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 50 kilograms of calcium and magnesium phosphorus are uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields as deep after base fertilizer in field per acre
0.3 meter is turned over, smashes clod, when making ridge uniformly spreads appropriate compound fertilizer again and mix in ridge face with soil, with south-north direction ridging, controls
1.9 meters of row spacing, 0.3 meter high, 0.6 meter of gutter, wide 1 meter, deeply 0.4 meter for planting planting ditch spreads one layer of stalk in bottom of trench, covers one layer
Mellow soil, repaves one layer of farmyard manure, finally covers one layer of soil again；
(2) selected the posture of lew for Y type according to the area on wine-growing ground and the line-spacing of plant, the frame frame of awning is high
1.8m, wide 2.2m, crossbeam to the high about 0.4m of steel strand rope, setting fruit position are above the ground level about 1m, on awning both sides every one section of fixation
It founds a concrete stake and costs coating steel pipe on the concrete stake stood from the different orientation of awning, make respectively in the place of distance
For canopy eaves, canopy arch and central sill, so that ceiling is formed an arc and cover film above, after the completion of awning basic construction,
Rolling rod is installed so as to the control to awning in awning side；
(3) spring according to line-spacing 2.5m, spacing in the rows 1.5m before grape seedling rudiment, about plants 176 plants per acre and is planted, work as seedling
It is transplanted when length to certain phase, adds carbendazim that liquid medicine is made with root-inducing powder before transplanting, transplanted after liquid medicine is dipped in root to ridge
In, blinding, compacting controls 8 centimetres of planting depth, and it allows graft union to expose native face, irrigates root water, with black covering with ground sheeting ridge face,
Unregistered land film is stabbed out duck eye, seedling limb is allowed to expose, tapping is compact with soil；
(4) seedling limbs are sprayed using with 5 ° of Be lime sulfur liquid baths after epiphragma, carries out pasteurised completely, starts to sprout in seedling bud eye
Before bud to lamina, continue to spray 3 ° of Be lime sulfur liquid disinfectants, the bud picking in seedling lamina, every plant is stayed 2 full strong buds, is smeared
It goes remaining bud, when seedling grows 5 leaf, uprightly draw tie up in time, is pinched several times according to the growing state of seedling, work as limb
When semi-lignified, by 4 branches, southeastward the direction of northwest 4 is horizontal is tied on steel wire, is located according to optimal diameter of fruit branch
Reason wouldn't pinching sublateral shoot, stay 6 leaf pinching, 2 leaf of terminal bud stayed to pluck after plucking repeatedly；
(5) seedling stage needs moisture more, and ridge soil humidity will be maintained at 60% or so, after seedling field planting covers unregistered land film, carries out full garden
It pours water, while to fill 1 water before rudiment, while when shoot grows 8 leaves, when tip of a branch blade is light green shinny, 10 leaf of seedling lamina is left
When right, 30kg water is converted by 30mL methane liquid or other Liquid Fertilizers and is made into liquid fertilizer, directly poured from seedling base portion, be spaced 15 days same methods
It applies again, continuously applies 2 times, concentration can be increased later, add 40mL Liquid Fertilizer and 30g urea with 30kg water, be spaced 25 days or so continuously
It applies 2 times.
A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, step (4) if described according to the growing state of seedling carry out
Dry topping carries out the 1st topping, 4 pairs is stayed above and below the 1st steel wire specially when major branch exceeds the 1st steel wire 20cm
Tip vertical growth, as the fruitful branch in next year, remaining sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching or all erases, and nutrient is made to focus on 4 sublateral shoots
Fast-growth；Carried out when 4 tips left grow to 10 leaves (when long 1m) the 2nd time topping, each young sprout top stay 1 sublateral shoot after
Continuous growth, remaining sublateral shoot wouldn't pinching.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation, which is characterized in that comprising the following specific steps
(1) fertile soil is selected, illumination is sufficient, and level of ground water is low, it has abundant water resources and pollution-free, irrigation and drainage and the water having a good transport service
Field uses sufficient and ploughs deeply after base fertilizer 0.3-0.5 meters cultivated, smashes clod, and when making ridge uniformly spreads appropriate compound fertilizer again and mixes in ridge face with soil,
With south-north direction ridging, width, the depth of row spacing, height, the width in gutter and kind planting ditch are controlled, one layer of stalk is spread in bottom of trench, covers
One layer of mellow soil of lid, repaves one layer of farmyard manure, finally covers one layer of soil again；
(2) selected the posture of lew for Y type according to the area on wine-growing ground and the line-spacing of plant, awning both sides every
It founds a concrete stake and costs galvanized steel from the different orientation of awning on the concrete stake stood in the place of one section of fixed range
Pipe makes ceiling form an arc and covers film above, in awning basic construction respectively as canopy eaves, canopy arch and central sill
After the completion, rolling rod is installed so as to the control to awning on awning side；
(3) spring is planted before grape seedling rudiment according to certain line-spacing, spacing in the rows, when seedling it is long to certain phase when into
Row transplanting, adds carbendazim that liquid medicine is made before transplanting with root-inducing powder, and transplanting is into ridge after liquid medicine is dipped in root, and blinding is compacted, control
It 8-10 centimetres of planting depth, allows graft union to expose native face, irrigates root water, with black covering with ground sheeting ridge face, unregistered land film is stabbed out small
Hole, allows seedling limb to expose, and tapping is compact with soil；
(4) it carries out disinfection processing after epiphragma to seedling, the bud picking in seedling lamina, every plant is stayed 2 full strong buds, erases it
Remaining bud uprightly draws tie up in time when seedling grows 5-7 leaf, is pinched several times according to the growing state of seedling, when limb
When through semi-lignified, by 4 branches, southeastward the direction of northwest 4 is horizontal is tied on steel wire, is handled according to optimal diameter of fruit branch
Wouldn't pinching sublateral shoot, stay 6-8 leaf pinching, 2 leaf of terminal bud stayed to pluck after plucking repeatedly；
(5) seedling stage needs moisture more, and ridge soil humidity will be maintained at 60% or so, after seedling field planting covers unregistered land film, carries out full garden
It pours water, while to fill 1 water before rudiment, while when shoot grows 8-10 leaf, when tip of a branch blade is light green shinny, according to different situations
Carry out top dressing.
2. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) institute
That states uses sufficient base fertilizer, refers to and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields 2000 kilograms of decomposed manures, 25 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 50 kilograms of calcium and magnesiums per acre
Phosphorus.
3. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) institute
Width, the depth of control row spacing, height, the width in gutter and the kind planting ditch stated, refer to 1.9 meters of row spacing of control, 0.3 meter high, draining
0.6 meter of ditch, wide 1 meter, deeply 0.4 meter for planting planting ditch.
4. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) institute
The frame frame high 1.8-1.9m for the awning stated, wide 2.2-2.3m, crossbeam are above the ground level about to the high about 0.4m of steel strand rope, setting fruit position
1m。
5. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) institute
That states is planted according to certain line-spacing, spacing in the rows, is referred to according to line-spacing 2.5m, spacing in the rows 1.5m, about plants 176 plants per acre.
6. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) institute
That states carries out disinfection processing to seedling, specially using with 5 ° of Be lime sulfur liquid bath spray seedling limbs, progress pasteurised completely,
Before seedling bud eye starts rudiment to lamina, continue to spray 3 ° of Be lime sulfur liquid disinfectants.
7. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) institute
The growing state according to seedling stated is pinched several times, specially when major branch exceeds the 1st steel wire 20cm, carries out the 1st
4 sublateral shoot vertical growths are stayed in secondary topping above and below the 1st steel wire, and as the fruitful branch in next year, remaining sublateral shoot stays 1 leaf pinching
Or all erase, so that nutrient is focused on 4 sublateral shoot fast-growths；When 4 tips left grow to 10-2 leaf (when long 1-1.2m)
The 2nd topping is carried out, 1 sublateral shoot continued growth is stayed on each young sprout top, remaining sublateral shoot wouldn't pinching.
8. a kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) institute
That states carries out top dressing according to different situations, specifically: when 10 leaf of seedling lamina or so, by 30mL methane liquid or other liquid
Fertilizer converts 30kg water and is made into liquid fertilizer, directly pours from seedling base portion, and interval is applied for 15 days again with method, continuously applies 2-3 times, can increase later
Concentration adds 40mL Liquid Fertilizer and 30g urea with 30kg water, and interval is continuously applied 2-3 times for 25 days or so.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811049979.6A CN109275487A (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811049979.6A CN109275487A (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation |
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| CN109275487A true CN109275487A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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| CN201811049979.6A Pending CN109275487A (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | A kind of method of grape seedling stage frame rain shelter cultivation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766278A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for inhibiting grape powdery mildew by using reflective ground fabric |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444486A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-18 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Rain-shielding greenhouse fence frame type planting method for minicure finger |
| CN106472237A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 都安南方水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Vitis viniferae |
| KR20170001250U (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2017-04-11 | 최석재 | A support apparatus for rain shielding facility |
| CN107466792A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 叶集试验区富民高新葡萄种植专业合作社 | A kind of grape culture underglass implantation methods |
-
2018
- 2018-09-10 CN CN201811049979.6A patent/CN109275487A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103444486A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-18 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Rain-shielding greenhouse fence frame type planting method for minicure finger |
| KR20170001250U (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2017-04-11 | 최석재 | A support apparatus for rain shielding facility |
| CN106472237A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 都安南方水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Vitis viniferae |
| CN107466792A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 叶集试验区富民高新葡萄种植专业合作社 | A kind of grape culture underglass implantation methods |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 凌媛平: "南方葡萄棚架避雨栽培技术", 《现代园艺》 * |
| 杨中成: "葡萄避雨栽培控病技术要点", 《南方农业》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766278A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for inhibiting grape powdery mildew by using reflective ground fabric |
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Application publication date: 20190129 |