CN109275435B - Method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on municipal sludge - Google Patents
Method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109275435B CN109275435B CN201811291128.2A CN201811291128A CN109275435B CN 109275435 B CN109275435 B CN 109275435B CN 201811291128 A CN201811291128 A CN 201811291128A CN 109275435 B CN109275435 B CN 109275435B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on municipal sludge. Firstly, horizontally pressing stems of naturally-growing pennisetum hydridum on sludge, and covering tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum with the sludge; after the tillering joints root and sprout, the connection between the stalks and the parent body is cut off. The invention enhances the tolerance of pennisetum hydridum to harmful substances in sludge, realizes the rapid growth of pennisetum hydridum directly on toxic sludge, greatly improves the survival rate of pennisetum hydridum in sludge, can realize 100 percent survival, and accelerates the propagation and growth speed of pennisetum hydridum. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the pennisetum hydridum for drying the sludge is remarkably improved, and the biomass of the pennisetum hydridum is greatly improved. The invention does not need to raise seedlings in advance and has low cost; the plant treatment does not need energy consumption, so that the sludge is thoroughly decomposed, the nutrient substances are less lost, the treated sludge can be continuously used as a fertilizer or be incinerated and buried, the selectivity is high, the application and popularization are easy, and the prospect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the crossing field of waste treatment and utilization and plant cultivation technologies, and particularly relates to a method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on municipal sludge.
Background
The municipal sewage treatment plants in China are more, the sludge yield is high, and the safe utilization ratio is lower. And the fine sand content is large and the organic matter content is low on the whole, which causes the heat value of the sludge to be low and is not beneficial to incineration treatment. The cost is high by adopting the existing heating drying method. Therefore, it is necessary to use an environment-friendly ecological method to dry and stabilize municipal sludge.
Fresh sludge of urban sewage treatment plants generally contains about 80% of water, has phytotoxicity and influences seed germination and plant growth. The inventor finds that the survival rate of pennisetum hydridum is 0 when pennisetum hydridum stems are directly planted on fresh toxic sludge; after the pennisetum hydridum seedlings with roots are cultured on a peat substrate for a period of time, transplanting is carried out on the pennisetum hydridum seedlings with roots, and the survival rate of pennisetum hydridum on fresh sludge is 16.7 percent; and if the pennisetum hydridum seedlings cultured on the peat substrate are transplanted on fresh sludge together with the substrate, the survival rate of the pennisetum hydridum is 95.5 percent. This is probably because the fresh sludge produces toxic organic acids through anaerobic fermentation, thereby damaging the growth of pennisetum hydridum root system and further influencing the growth of pennisetum hydridum.
Therefore, the pennisetum hydridum seedlings with culture mediums are needed to be used for transplanting pennisetum hydridum on fresh sludge. However, the culture of the seedlings is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and if the pennisetum hydridum can be directly grown on toxic sludge without culture, the time and labor cost required by the whole process of drying the sludge plants can be greatly saved. Therefore, the problem of rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on toxic sludge needs to be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on toxic sludge.
The method successfully solves the technical problem that pennisetum hydridum can not directly and rapidly grow on toxic sludge in the prior art; meanwhile, under the planting mode, the biomass of pennisetum hydridum is greatly improved, and the sludge drying speed is accelerated. The method is characterized in that the planting mode of the pennisetum hydridum is changed, the tillering node of pennisetum hydridum branches grows on sludge by utilizing the strong tillering capacity of the pennisetum hydridum on the premise that the main root still grows in the soil, and the adventitious root and the tillering bud are tillered continuously under the support of a matrix, so that the tolerance capacity of the pennisetum hydridum to harmful substances in the sludge is enhanced, the condition that the pennisetum hydridum is used for drying the sludge and growing seedlings in advance is avoided, the sludge drying speed of the pennisetum hydridum is accelerated, and the sludge drying process of the pennis.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) horizontally pressing the stems of the naturally grown pennisetum hydridum on the sludge, and covering tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum with the sludge;
(2) after the tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum root and sprout, the connection between pennisetum hydridum stems and the matrix is cut off.
The pennisetum hydridum in the step (1) is preferably pennisetum hydridum with tillering joints; more preferably pennisetum hydridum having at least two tiller joints.
The pennisetum hydridum in the step (1) is preferably pennisetum hydridum with good growth vigor.
The sludge in the step (1) is preferably municipal sludge; further preferred is a municipal sludge having phytotoxicity.
The sludge in the step (1) is preferably sludge with water content of more than 60%.
Each pennisetum hydridum in the step (1) is preferably planted in the sludge with the weight of less than 6 kg.
The sludge in the step (1) is preferably filled in a nutrition bag.
The nutrition bag is preferably 28cm high and 30cm in diameter.
The time for cutting off the connection between the pennisetum hydridum stalks and the matrix in the step (2) is preferably at least one week of pennisetum hydridum growth; more preferably, the pennisetum hydridum is grown for at least two weeks.
The mechanism of the invention is as follows:
the pennisetum hydridum has strong tillering capacity, each tillering node can grow adventitious roots and tillering buds, so that the tillering can sprout and root on the sludge under the condition of lodging and covering the sludge, the main root of the pennisetum hydridum is still planted in the soil, the tillering nodes are communicated with a plant matrix, nutrients can be provided for the growth of new roots and new buds, the resistance of the pennisetum hydridum to harmful substances is increased, the growth speed of the new buds and the new roots is increased, and the purposes of quick growth of the pennisetum hydridum on toxic sludge and quick sludge drying are finally achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. in the prior art, researches and reports are provided through plant dried sludge, and general plants are difficult to directly grow on the sludge. By the method, the tolerance of pennisetum hydridum to harmful substances in the sludge is enhanced, pennisetum hydridum directly and rapidly grows on the toxic sludge, the survival rate of pennisetum hydridum in the sludge is greatly improved, 100% survival rate can be realized, and the propagation and growth speed of pennisetum hydridum is accelerated; meanwhile, the efficiency of the pennisetum hydridum for drying the sludge is remarkably improved, and the biomass of the pennisetum hydridum is greatly improved.
2. The method of the invention has simple operation, low cost and easy application and popularization, and utilizes the pennisetum hydridum to dry the sludge without raising seedlings in advance.
3. Compared with other sludge drying methods, the plant treatment of the invention does not need energy consumption, the sludge is decomposed, the loss of nutrient substances is less, and the treated sludge can be continuously used as fertilizer or be incinerated and buried, and the selectivity is large.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of the change trend of the water content of the sludge in example 1, the data are mean value ± standard deviation, n is 3, the variance analysis is carried out by using SPSS 21, and the difference between treatments is obvious according to the Duncan's test (p < 0.05).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention is a pot culture experiment carried out in outdoor fields, sludge is taken from a sludge composting plant in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, and the sludge is in an anaerobic state after being stacked for half a year, has black color and stink odor and has high toxicity to plants.
(1) The sludge is filled into black nutrition bags with the specification of 28mm multiplied by 30mm, and 6kg of sludge is contained in each nutrition bag, and the following three treatments (three times for each treatment) are carried out.
Processing one: blank processing (CK), not planting pennisetum hydridum;
and (5) processing: seedling transplanting treatment, namely planting and culturing pennisetum hydridum seedlings for one month in nutrient bags with about 0.25kg of matrix, wherein the seedlings are required to have two tillering joints, two pennisetum hydridum plants with good growth vigor are planted in each nutrient bag, and transplanting and planting are carried out with the matrix;
and (3) treatment III: conjoined branch pressing improvement treatment (YH), placing the nutrition bag beside a naturally growing pennisetum hydridum clump, selecting pennisetum hydridum with tillering joints and good growth vigor, horizontally pressing the pennisetum hydridum on sludge in the nutrition bag, covering two tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum plant with the sludge, and cutting off the connection between the pennisetum hydridum and a parent body when the pennisetum hydridum grows for two weeks.
(2) All three treatments are put on soil covered by a black net, the experimental place is an ecological experimental farm of southern China agriculture university in Tianheyuan of Guangzhou city, Guangdong province, the experimental date is between 9 and 22 days in 2017 and 11 and 4 days in 2017, and the duration is 6 weeks. And after sampling in the 5 th week, the pennisetum hydridum roots grow into the soil through the nutrition bag, and all treatments are transferred to indoor cement ground in order to prevent the pennisetum hydridum roots from absorbing water in the soil to influence the sludge drying rate.
(3) The experiment takes a sample once a week, the water content of the sludge is measured by the sample once a week, the seed germination index of the sludge is measured once every two weeks, the survival rate of various pennisetum hydridum treatments is recorded, branches and leaves of pennisetum hydridum grown during the experiment are picked off at the end of the experiment, the drying is heavy, and the yield of dry substances is recorded.
(4) The analysis method of the water content is a drying and weighing method.
The basic physicochemical properties of the sludge used in the experiment are shown in table 1. Wherein the water content of the sludge is 82.19%, and the germination index of the seeds is 0. Heavy metal Cd exceeds the A-grade sludge standard in sludge disposal-agricultural argillaceous standard of urban sewage treatment plant (CJ/T309-2009), Pb, Cu and Zn are in the A-grade standard range, the content of organic matters is more than 200g/kg, and N + P2O5+K2O is more than 30 g/kg.
TABLE 1 main physicochemical Properties of the sludge tested
Note: data are mean ± sd, n is 3; and the sludge represents grade A sludge and grade B sludge in sludge disposal-agricultural sludge standard of urban sewage treatment plant CJ/T309-2009.
In the experiment, the survival rate of 6 pennisetum hydridum in the seedling transplanting treatment (treatment II) is only 50%, and half of the seedlings can not adapt to the toxicity of sludge and can not grow. The survival rate of pennisetum hydridum in the conjoined branch pressing treatment (treatment III) is 100 percent, and all tillering nodes covering the sludge take roots and germinate, so that new pennisetum hydridum branches and developed root systems grow. Compared with the seedling transplantation treatment, the pennisetum hydridum is pressed on the sludge to grow, so that the capability of the pennisetum hydridum for resisting harmful substances can be enhanced, and the survival rate of the pennisetum hydridum is increased.
In this experiment, the change in the water content of the sludge is shown in FIG. 1. And variance analysis is carried out on the data, and the fact that the conjoined layering treatment (treatment III) is obviously different from the CK treatment (treatment I) and the seedling transplanting treatment (treatment III) in the third week is found, and the sludge drying capacity of the conjoined layering treatment is obviously higher than that of the seedling transplanting treatment. In the following experiments, the conjoined layering treatment continued to be significantly different from the other two treatments. The moisture content of the conjoined layering treatment is reduced to below 60 percent from the fourth week, the moisture content is 53.98 percent, the requirement of sludge disposal-agricultural argillaceous standard (CJ/T309-2009) of urban sewage treatment plants is met, and the seedling transplanting treatment needs to wait until the sixth week to reach the standard, namely 51.65 percent. In the experiment, a large rainfall exists between the fourth week and the fifth week, the moisture content of CK and the seedling transplantation treatment is seen to rise in the fifth week, but the conjoined layering treatment is not influenced by rainfall, the moisture content does not rise and inversely falls, and falls from 53.98% to 35.21%, so that the effect of the conjoined layering treatment on dried sludge is obvious, and the effect can be reduced to about 10% after the conjoined layering treatment is placed indoors for 1 week.
When the experiment is finished, the yield of the dry matter of the pennisetum hydridum in the seedling transplantation treatment is 16.62 +/-3.04 g/pot, and the yield of the dry matter of the pennisetum hydridum in the conjoined layering treatment is 30.03 +/-2.97 g/pot, which is 1.8 times of that in the seedling transplantation treatment, which shows that the pennisetum hydridum grows more rapidly and the biomass yield is more under the conjoined layering treatment.
The experimental results of the seedling transplantation treatment and the conjoined layering treatment were compared as shown in table 2. The pennisetum hydridum subjected to conjoined layering treatment has great advantages in the aspects of growth and development, harmful substance resistance, sludge drying, biomass production and the like. Therefore, the conjoined layering treatment is adopted, namely pennisetum hydridum branches are pressed on toxic sludge, the pennisetum hydridum branches are communicated with a matrix to enhance the capability of resisting harmful substances, the tillering nodes rapidly take roots and germinate, and the method is a more efficient method for rapidly propagating and growing pennisetum hydridum on the toxic sludge and accelerating sludge reduction.
TABLE 2 comparison of the effects of transplanting seedlings and conjoined layering
Example 2
In order to further study the necessity of pennisetum hydridum conjoined in conjoined layering treatment, further study of the embodiment was carried out.
Cutting off pennisetum hydridum which grows well and has tillering joints at a position of 10-20 cm on the ground, horizontally placing the pennisetum hydridum on a nutrition bag filled with 6kg of sludge, covering the tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum with the sludge, arranging three parallel pennisetum hydridum, and observing whether the pennisetum hydridum can survive or not. Meanwhile, blank treatment is set, namely 6kg of sludge is bagged by using nutrition, pennisetum hydridum is not planted, and three parallels are set to compare the effect of the treatment on sludge drying.
The experimental result shows that when the pennisetum hydridum is cut off, the whole pennisetum hydridum is horizontally placed and planted on the sludge, the pennisetum hydridum cannot survive, all tillering joints do not take root and sprout, the pennisetum hydridum completely withers in the third week of the experiment, and the experiment is stopped. In the three-week experiment, the water content of the pennisetum hydridum treated sludge in each week is not significantly different from that of the blank treated sludge, and the specific data are shown in table 3, which indicates that the embodiment fails. Therefore, the communicated parent is an essential condition for tillering and growing the pennisetum hydridum branches on toxic sludge.
TABLE 3 change of water content (%) -in treatment of sludge by Un-conjoined pennisetum hydridum
Note: data are mean ± standard deviation, according to Duncan's test (p <0.05), the same letter in the same row indicates no significant difference between treatments, n is 3.
The embodiment 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) horizontally pressing the stems of the naturally grown pennisetum hydridum on the sludge, and covering tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum with the sludge;
(2) after the tillering joints of the pennisetum hydridum root and sprout, cutting off the connection between pennisetum hydridum stems and the parent body;
the pennisetum hydridum in the step (1) is pennisetum hydridum with tillering joints;
the sludge in the step (1) is municipal sludge.
2. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the pennisetum hydridum in the step (1) is pennisetum hydridum with at least two tillering joints.
3. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the connection time of the pennisetum hydridum stalks and the matrix in the step (2) is at least one week when the pennisetum hydridum grows.
4. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the connection time of the pennisetum hydridum stalks and the matrix in the step (2) is at least two weeks when the pennisetum hydridum grows.
5. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the sludge in the step (1) is municipal sludge with phytotoxicity;
the sludge in the step (1) has a water content of more than 60%.
6. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the pennisetum hydridum in the step (1) is pennisetum hydridum with good growth vigor.
7. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
filling the sludge in the step (1) into a nutrition bag;
and (2) planting pennisetum hydridum in the sludge with the weight of less than 6kg in each plant in the step (1).
8. The method for rapid propagation and growth of pennisetum hydridum on sludge as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the nutrition bag is 28cm high and 30cm diameter.
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| GB2377152B (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2004-12-08 | Seymour Cemoun Daniels | Cuttings made easy |
| KR20180075828A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 구민규 | Greening method using vegetation soil for induction of early greening and natural vegetation in non-land and barren environment |
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| CN101790928B (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2012-12-19 | 秦少闻 | Method for rapidly propagating big camphor trees by layering high stems |
| CN103385097B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-08-19 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid giant napier that utilizes transforms the method that municipal sludge is plant product |
| CN103493659B (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2015-07-08 | 华南农业大学 | Method for quick breeding and seedling growing of pennisetum hydridum |
| CN104969748B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2018-05-18 | 重庆赐康果蔬有限公司 | A kind of tomato layer propagation method |
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| GB2377152B (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2004-12-08 | Seymour Cemoun Daniels | Cuttings made easy |
| KR20180075828A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 구민규 | Greening method using vegetation soil for induction of early greening and natural vegetation in non-land and barren environment |
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