CN109275410B - Peanut picking machine and method falling in field - Google Patents
Peanut picking machine and method falling in field Download PDFInfo
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- CN109275410B CN109275410B CN201811335576.8A CN201811335576A CN109275410B CN 109275410 B CN109275410 B CN 109275410B CN 201811335576 A CN201811335576 A CN 201811335576A CN 109275410 B CN109275410 B CN 109275410B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D29/00—Harvesters for peanuts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine and a method for picking up fallen peanuts in a field, and the machine comprises a base, a push rod arranged at the rear part of the base, a plurality of idler wheels arranged on the base, a vertical suction pipe arranged in front of the base, a conveying pipeline connected with the vertical suction pipe, a stand column arranged on the base and respectively connected with the vertical suction pipe and the conveying pipeline, a first power device arranged on the base and used for driving the stand column to rotate, a support column arranged on the base, a vibrating net cage arranged at the upper end opening of the upper part of the support column, a box body arranged on the base, an auxiliary box body connected with the box body and a; the vibration net cage is positioned below the outlet of the conveying pipeline, the lower part of the upright post is connected with the vertical suction pipe through the cross rod, and the upper end of the upright post is connected with the conveying pipeline. The peanut picking device has the characteristics of avoiding peanut waste and saving picking cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a peanut picking machine and a method for picking falling peanuts in a field, which have the advantages of high automation degree and low cost and can effectively reduce the peanut falling loss.
Background
At present, the peanuts are harvested by a combine harvester, but the peanuts fall a lot, the peanut planting area of a general farmer in a peanut producing area is large, the peanut planting area of some farmer can reach a million public inclination, but the peanuts are too tired due to the fact that the picked peanuts need to be stooped down, people cannot be found to pick the peanuts, and a large amount of peanuts are abandoned in a field.
Sometimes, when peanuts are just ploughed out and the like are picked by a peanut picking machine, the peanut stalks are not dried in the sun and then encounter continuous rainy days, the peanuts directly sprout on the stalks, at the moment, half of the peanuts directly fall into a field, the loss is serious, the peanuts obtained by painstaking planting are too expensive in labor cost, no method is available for picking, and the peanuts are lost in white and white, so that the peanuts are very painful.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the picking cost of dropped peanuts is high and the peanuts can only be rotten in the field, and provides the picking machine and the picking method for dropped peanuts in the field, which have the advantages of high automation degree and low cost and can effectively reduce the dropping loss of the peanuts.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a peanut picking machine falling off in a field comprises a base, a push rod arranged at the rear part of the base, a plurality of idler wheels arranged on the base, a vertical suction pipe arranged in front of the base, a conveying pipeline connected with the vertical suction pipe, a stand column arranged on the base and respectively connected with the vertical suction pipe and the conveying pipeline, a first power device arranged on the base and used for driving the stand column to rotate, a support column arranged on the base, a vibrating net cage arranged at the upper part of the support column and provided with an opening at the upper end, a box body arranged on the base, an auxiliary box body connected with the box body and a; the vibrating net cage is positioned below an outlet of the conveying pipeline, the lower part of the upright post is connected with the vertical suction pipe through a cross rod, the upper end of the upright post is connected with the conveying pipeline, a camera for shooting an image of a ground area below the vertical suction pipe is arranged on the cross rod, an air suction pump is arranged on the conveying pipeline, a sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the vertical suction pipe, an annular air bag capable of vertically extending is arranged between the vertical suction pipe and the sleeve, the annular air bag is connected with the air suction pump, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged; the supporting column is provided with a second power device for driving the vibrating net cage to move up and down; 1 side net plate of the vibrating net cage is rotationally connected with the vibrating net cage, and one end of a bottom net plate of the vibrating net cage is higher than the other end of the bottom plate; the base is also provided with a blowing device for blowing out light impurities in the vibrating net box; the water tank is provided with a water inlet pipe, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is positioned above the tank body, the side walls of the tank body and the auxiliary tank body are provided with notches, the notches are provided with baffles, the auxiliary tank body is provided with a filtering structure near the notches, the auxiliary tank body is provided with a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe is provided with a water pump, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water tank; the camera, the electromagnetic valve, the first power device, the second power device, the inflator pump, the air suction pump, the water pump and the air blowing device are all electrically connected with the controller.
The vibration net cage comprises 4 side net plates and 1 bottom net plate, wherein the bottom net plate and each side net plate comprise a plurality of staggered meshes.
The peanut cleaning machine can suck and collect peanut particles falling on the surface in a field, impurities mixed in peanuts can be automatically filtered and removed, waste of the peanuts is avoided, the picking cost is saved, the trouble of removing the impurities in the later period is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, and the obtained peanuts are high in cleaning degree.
Preferably, the lower part of the box body is provided with a funnel-shaped bottom plate with a large opening at the upper end, the lower part of the funnel-shaped bottom plate is provided with a leakage pipe, the lower end of the leakage pipe is provided with a pipe cover, the upper part of the leakage pipe is provided with an on-off valve, and the funnel-shaped bottom plate is made of transparent materials.
Preferably, the first power device comprises an annular rack arranged at the lower end of the upright post, a first motor arranged in the base and a gear connected with the first motor; the gear is meshed with the annular rack;
the second power device comprises a cam arranged on the supporting column and a second motor connected with the cam; the supporting column is provided with a vertical sliding chute, and the other side of the vibrating net cage is connected with the vertical sliding chute through at least 1 sliding block;
the air blowing device comprises a vertical rod arranged on the base and an air outlet arranged on the vertical rod, the air outlet is connected with the air blower through an air duct, and the first motor, the second motor and the air blower are all electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the filtering structure comprises a frame with a rectangular cross section and a plastic net arranged on the frame, the upper end of the plastic net is provided with an opening, and the frame is clamped with the auxiliary box body; the base is provided with an opening at the position corresponding to the vibration net box.
A method of picking up peanuts in a field, comprising the steps of:
(5-1) an operator pushes the push rod to enable each roller to move forwards, the first power device drives the stand column to rotate left and right repeatedly, and the camera swings left and right to scan the ground below the vertical suction pipe in the process of moving forwards along with the base;
(5-2) analyzing the image shot by the camera by the controller, controlling the first power device to stop working by the controller after the image is found to be peanut-growing, controlling the inflator pump to inflate the annular air bag to enable the annular air bag to stretch to the ground, enabling the annular air bag to cover the peanut, and controlling the air suction pump to suck air so as to suck the peanut into the conveying pipeline, wherein soil, gravel and grass blades are sucked into the conveying pipeline;
the electromagnetic valve is closed in the initial state, after peanuts in one area are collected, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened, the annular air bag is deflated, the annular air bag is contracted, the dropped peanuts are searched in the above steps, after the dropped peanuts are found, the electromagnetic valve is closed firstly, and then air suction is continued to collect the peanuts.
(5-3) the peanuts, the soil, the gravels and the grass leaves which leave the conveying pipeline enter the vibrating net cage, the controller controls the second power device to drive the vibrating net cage to vibrate up and down, and the soil, the gravels and the grass leaves of which the sizes are smaller than the mesh diameter of the vibrating net cage fall down from the vibrating net cage;
meanwhile, the air blowing device is controlled to blow out impurities with lighter weight in the vibrating net cage;
(5-4) when the peanut quantity stored in the vibrating net cage reaches 5-10 kilograms, an operator controls the first power device, the second power device, the inflator pump, the air suction pump and the air blowing device to stop working, the net plate is turned down, the peanuts fall into the box body along the inclined bottom plate, and then the net plate and the vibrating net cage are fixed;
(5-5) the peanuts and the gravel and the soil blocks with the size larger than the mesh diameter of the vibrating net cage enter the box body, an operator controls a valve of the water inlet pipe to open, water is added into the box body, the peanuts float on the water surface, the soil blocks become soft mud, and the gravel falls onto the bottom surface of the box body;
(5-6) under the impact of water flow, the peanuts on the water surface flow into the auxiliary tank body together with water, the peanuts are intercepted by the filtering structure, and the filtered water is pumped into the water tank again by the water pump;
(5-7) when the peanuts in the filtering structure are more, an operator controls the valve of the water inlet pipe to be closed, the water pump stops pumping water, the baffle is installed on the notch, after the peanuts in the filtering structure are collected in the storage box, the valve of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be opened again, and the water pump continues pumping water.
Preferably, the lower part of the box body is provided with a funnel-shaped bottom plate with a large opening at the upper end, the lower part of the funnel-shaped bottom plate is provided with a leakage pipe, the lower end of the leakage pipe is provided with a pipe cover, the upper part of the leakage pipe is provided with an on-off valve, and the funnel-shaped bottom plate is made of transparent materials; also comprises the following steps:
after grit and soft mud get into the box, under the effect of gravity, grit and soft mud get into along the infundibulate bottom plate and reveal in the pipe, the operator observes the impurity amount of revealing accumulation in the pipe, when impurity accumulation volume is more, the operator rotates the baffle of on-off valve to the level, make reveal and break off UNICOM between pipe and the infundibulate bottom plate, open the tube cap, the impurity that will reveal in the pipe is put, then cover the tube cap, rotate the baffle of on-off valve to vertical, make and reveal and resume UNICOM between pipe and the infundibulate bottom plate.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: not only avoids the waste of peanuts, but also saves the picking cost, reduces the trouble of clearing impurities in the later period, reduces the labor intensity and ensures that the obtained peanuts have high cleaning degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the tank, auxiliary tank and water tank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the case of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a push rod 11, a roller 12, a vertical suction pipe 13, a stand column 14, a first power device 15, a support column 16, a box body 17, an auxiliary box body 18, a water tank 19, a blower device 20, a conveying pipeline 131, an inflator pump 132, an electromagnetic valve 133, a sleeve 134, a cross rod 141, a camera 142, an annular rack 151, a first motor 152, a gear 153, a vibrating net cage 161, a second power device 162, a notch 171, a funnel-shaped bottom plate 173, a leakage pipe 174, a pipe cover 175, an on-off valve 176, a filtering structure 181, a water pump 182, a vertical rod 201, an air outlet 202, a controller 203, an air suction pump 1311, a cam 1621 and a second motor 1622.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Example 1
The embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2 is a peanut picking machine dropped in a field, and the peanut picking machine comprises a base 1, a push rod 11 arranged at the rear part of the base, 3 rollers 12 arranged on the base, a vertical suction pipe 13 arranged in front of the base, a conveying pipeline 131 connected with the vertical suction pipe, a stand column 14 arranged on the base and respectively connected with the vertical suction pipe and the conveying pipeline, a first power device 15 arranged on the base and used for driving the stand column to rotate, a support column 16 arranged on the base, a vibrating net cage 161 arranged at the upper end opening of the upper part of the support column, a box body 17 arranged on the base, an auxiliary box body 18 connected with the box body and a water tank 19; the vibrating net cage is positioned below an outlet of the conveying pipeline, the lower part of the upright post is connected with the vertical suction pipe through a cross rod 141, the upper end of the upright post is connected with the conveying pipeline, a camera 142 for shooting an image of a ground area below the vertical suction pipe is arranged on the cross rod, a suction pump 1311 is arranged on the conveying pipeline, a sleeve 134 is arranged outside the vertical suction pipe, an annular air bag capable of vertically extending is arranged between the vertical suction pipe and the sleeve, the annular air bag is connected with an inflator pump 132, and an electromagnetic valve 133 is arranged on the annular air bag; the supporting column is provided with a second power device 162 for driving the vibrating net cage to move up and down; 1 side net plate of the vibrating net cage is rotationally connected with the vibrating net cage, and one end of a bottom net plate of the vibrating net cage is higher than the other end of the bottom net plate; the base is also provided with a blowing device 20 for blowing out light impurities in the vibration net box; as shown in fig. 2, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water tank, a water outlet of the water inlet pipe is positioned above the tank body, a notch 171 is arranged on the side wall of the tank body and the auxiliary tank body, a baffle is arranged on the notch, a filtering structure 181 is arranged at the position of the auxiliary tank body close to the notch, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the auxiliary tank body, a water pump 182 is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet; as shown in fig. 4, the camera, the electromagnetic valve, the first power device, the second power device, the inflator, the getter pump, the water pump, and the blower are all electrically connected to the controller 203.
As shown in fig. 1, the first power device includes an annular rack 151 disposed at the lower end of the upright, a first motor 152 disposed in the base, and a gear 153 connected to the first motor; the gear is meshed with the annular rack;
the second power device comprises a cam 1621 arranged on the support column and a second motor 1622 connected with the cam; the supporting column is provided with a vertical sliding chute, and the other side of the vibrating net cage is connected with the vertical sliding chute through at least 1 sliding block;
the air blowing device comprises a vertical rod 201 arranged on the base and an air outlet 202 arranged on the vertical rod, the air outlet is connected with the air blower through an air duct, and as shown in figure 4, the first motor, the second motor and the air blower are all electrically connected with the controller.
The filtering structure comprises a frame with a rectangular cross section and a plastic net arranged on the frame, the upper end of the plastic net is open, and the frame is clamped with the auxiliary box body; the base is provided with an opening at the position corresponding to the vibration net cage, and the opening is convenient for filtering out soil, gravel and grass leaves and returning to the field again.
A method of picking up peanuts in a field, comprising the steps of:
(5-1) an operator pushes the push rod to enable each roller to move forwards, the first power device drives the stand column to rotate left and right repeatedly, and the camera swings left and right to scan the ground below the vertical suction pipe in the process of moving forwards along with the base;
(5-2) analyzing the image shot by the camera by the controller, controlling the first power device to stop working by the controller after the image is found to be peanut-growing, controlling the inflator pump to inflate the annular air bag to enable the annular air bag to stretch to the ground, enabling the annular air bag to cover the peanut, and controlling the air suction pump to suck air so as to suck the peanut into the conveying pipeline, wherein soil, gravel and grass blades are sucked into the conveying pipeline;
(5-3) the peanuts, the soil, the gravels and the grass leaves which leave the conveying pipeline enter the vibrating net cage, the controller controls the second power device to drive the vibrating net cage to vibrate up and down, and the soil, the gravels and the grass leaves of which the sizes are smaller than the mesh diameter of the vibrating net cage fall down from the vibrating net cage;
meanwhile, the air blowing device is controlled to blow out impurities with lighter weight in the vibrating net cage;
(5-4) when an operator observes that the amount of peanuts stored in the vibrating net box reaches 5 kilograms, the operator controls the first power device, the second power device, the inflator pump, the air suction pump and the air blowing device to stop working, the side net plates are turned down, the peanuts fall into the box body along the inclined bottom net plate, and then the side net plates and the vibrating net box are fixed;
(5-5) the peanuts and the gravel and the soil blocks with the size larger than the mesh diameter of the vibrating net cage enter the box body, an operator controls a valve of the water inlet pipe to open, water is added into the box body, the peanuts float on the water surface, the soil blocks become soft mud, and the gravel falls onto the bottom surface of the box body;
(5-6) under the impact of water flow, the peanuts on the water surface flow into the auxiliary tank body together with water, the peanuts are intercepted by the filtering structure, and the filtered water is pumped into the water tank again by the water pump;
(5-7) when the peanuts in the filtering structure are more, an operator controls the valve of the water inlet pipe to be closed, the water pump stops pumping water, the baffle is installed on the notch, after the peanuts in the filtering structure are collected in the storage box, the valve of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be opened again, and the water pump continues pumping water.
Example 2
Example 2 includes all the structure and method parts of example 1, as shown in fig. 3, the lower part of the box body of example 2 is provided with a funnel-shaped bottom plate 173 with a large opening at the upper end, the lower part of the funnel-shaped bottom plate is provided with a leakage pipe 174, the lower end of the leakage pipe is provided with a pipe cover 175, the upper part of the leakage pipe is provided with an on-off valve 176, and the funnel-shaped bottom plate is made of transparent material. Also comprises the following steps:
after grit and soft mud get into the box, under the effect of gravity, grit and soft mud get into along the infundibulate bottom plate and reveal in the pipe, the operator observes the impurity amount of revealing accumulation in the pipe, when impurity accumulation volume is more, the operator rotates the baffle of on-off valve to the level, make reveal and break off UNICOM between pipe and the infundibulate bottom plate, open the tube cap, the impurity that will reveal in the pipe is put, then cover the tube cap, rotate the baffle of on-off valve to vertical, make and reveal and resume UNICOM between pipe and the infundibulate bottom plate.
It should be understood that this example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A picking method of a peanut picking machine dropped in a field is characterized by comprising a base (1), a push rod (11) arranged at the rear part of the base, a plurality of rollers (12) arranged on the base, a vertical suction pipe (13) arranged in front of the base, a conveying pipeline (131) connected with the vertical suction pipe, a stand column (14) arranged on the base and respectively connected with the vertical suction pipe and the conveying pipeline, a first power device (15) arranged on the base and used for driving the stand column to rotate, a support column (16) arranged on the base, a vibrating net cage (161) arranged at the upper end of the upper part of the support column and provided with an opening, a box body (17) arranged on the base, an auxiliary box body (18) connected with the box body and a; the vibrating net cage is positioned below an outlet of the conveying pipeline, the lower part of the upright post is connected with the vertical suction pipe through a cross rod (141), the upper end of the upright post is connected with the conveying pipeline, a camera (142) used for shooting an image of a ground area below the vertical suction pipe is arranged on the cross rod, a suction pump (1311) is arranged on the conveying pipeline, a sleeve (134) is arranged on the outer side of the vertical suction pipe, an annular air bag capable of vertically extending is arranged between the vertical suction pipe and the sleeve, the annular air bag is connected with an inflator pump (132), and an electromagnetic valve (133) is; a second power device (162) for driving the vibrating net cage to move up and down is arranged on the supporting column; 1 side net plate of the vibrating net cage is rotationally connected with the vibrating net cage, and one end of a bottom net plate of the vibrating net cage is higher than the other end of the bottom net plate; the base is also provided with a blast device (20) for blowing out light impurities in the vibration net box; a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water tank, a water outlet of the water inlet pipe is positioned above the tank body, a notch (171) is arranged on the side wall of the tank body and the auxiliary tank body, a baffle is arranged on the notch, a filtering structure (181) is arranged at the position, close to the notch, of the auxiliary tank body, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the auxiliary tank body, a water pump (182) is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and; the camera, the electromagnetic valve, the first power device, the second power device, the inflator pump, the suction pump, the water pump and the blower device are all electrically connected with the controller (203); the picking method comprises the following steps:
(1-1) an operator pushes a push rod to enable each roller to move forwards, and a first power device drives the stand column to rotate left and right repeatedly, so that the camera swings left and right to scan the ground below the vertical suction pipe in the process of moving forwards along with the base;
(1-2) analyzing the image shot by the camera by the controller, controlling the first power device to stop working by the controller after the image is found to be peanut-growing, controlling the inflator pump to inflate the annular air bag to enable the annular air bag to stretch to the ground, enabling the annular air bag to cover the peanut, and controlling the air suction pump to suck air so as to suck the peanut into the conveying pipeline, wherein soil, gravel and grass blades are sucked into the conveying pipeline;
(1-3) the peanuts, soil, gravels and grass leaves leaving the conveying pipeline enter the vibrating net cage, the controller controls the second power device to drive the vibrating net cage to vibrate up and down, and the soil, the gravels and the grass leaves with the size smaller than the diameter of the meshes of the vibrating net cage fall down from the vibrating net cage;
meanwhile, the air blowing device is controlled to blow out impurities with lighter weight in the vibrating net cage;
(1-4) when the amount of peanuts stored in the vibrating net box reaches 5-10 kilograms, an operator controls the first power device, the second power device, the inflator pump, the air suction pump and the air blowing device to stop working, the side net plates are turned down, the peanuts fall into the box body along the inclined bottom net plate, and then the side net plates and the vibrating net box are fixed;
(1-5) the peanuts, gravel and soil blocks with the size larger than the diameter of the mesh of the vibrating net cage enter the box body, an operator controls a valve of the water inlet pipe to open, water is added into the box body, the peanuts float on the water surface, the soil blocks become soft mud, and the gravel falls onto the bottom surface of the box body;
(1-6) under the impact of water flow, peanuts on the water surface flow into the auxiliary tank body together with water, the peanuts are intercepted by the filtering structure, and the filtered water is pumped into the water tank again by the water pump;
(1-7) when the peanuts in the filter structure are more, an operator controls the valve of the water inlet pipe to be closed, the water pump stops pumping water, the baffle is installed on the notch, after the peanuts in the filter structure are collected in the storage box, the valve of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be opened again, and the water pump continues pumping water.
2. A method for picking up dropped peanuts in a field as claimed in claim 1, wherein a funnel-shaped bottom plate (173) with a large opening at the upper end is provided at the lower part of the box body, a leakage pipe (174) is provided at the lower part of the funnel-shaped bottom plate, a pipe cover (175) is provided at the lower end of the leakage pipe, an on-off valve (176) is provided at the upper part of the leakage pipe, and the funnel-shaped bottom plate is made of transparent material; also comprises the following steps:
after grit and soft mud get into the box, under the effect of gravity, grit and soft mud get into along the infundibulate bottom plate and reveal in the pipe, the operator observes the impurity amount of revealing accumulation in the pipe, when impurity accumulation volume is more, the operator rotates the baffle of on-off valve to the level, make reveal and break off UNICOM between pipe and the infundibulate bottom plate, open the tube cap, the impurity that will reveal in the pipe is put, then cover the tube cap, rotate the baffle of on-off valve to vertical, make and reveal and resume UNICOM between pipe and the infundibulate bottom plate.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first power means comprises an annular rack (151) disposed at the lower end of said upright, a first motor (152) disposed in said base, and a gear (153) connected to said first motor; the gear is meshed with the annular rack;
the second power device comprises a cam (1621) arranged on the support column and a second motor (1622) connected with the cam; the supporting column is provided with a vertical sliding chute, and the other side of the vibrating net cage is connected with the vertical sliding chute through at least 1 sliding block;
the air blowing device comprises a vertical rod (201) arranged on the base and an air outlet (202) arranged on the vertical rod, the air outlet is connected with the air blower through an air duct, and the first motor, the second motor and the air blower are all electrically connected with the controller.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter structure comprises a frame having a rectangular cross-section and a plastic mesh disposed on the frame, the plastic mesh having an open top end, the frame being snap-fitted to the auxiliary housing; the base is provided with an opening at the position corresponding to the vibration net box.
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| CN201811335576.8A CN109275410B (en) | 2018-11-11 | 2018-11-11 | Peanut picking machine and method falling in field |
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| CN112470710A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 西安科技大学 | Air-suction type landing red date picking system, control method and application |
| CN115067079B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-03-12 | 西藏民族大学 | Automatic pick up mobile device |
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| BRPI0800043B1 (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2012-03-20 | grain picker or fallen fruit | |
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| CN104429368B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-05-24 | 福建省永春鑫山农林专业合作社 | Chinese date picking machine for separating impurities successively |
| CN107172951B (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2020-01-14 | 温州顶香食品有限公司 | Self-propelled peanut combine harvester |
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