CN109266128A - 一种钢结构表面用防火涂料 - Google Patents
一种钢结构表面用防火涂料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109266128A CN109266128A CN201811078623.5A CN201811078623A CN109266128A CN 109266128 A CN109266128 A CN 109266128A CN 201811078623 A CN201811078623 A CN 201811078623A CN 109266128 A CN109266128 A CN 109266128A
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- Prior art keywords
- parts
- steel structure
- structure surface
- oil
- fireproof coating
- Prior art date
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
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- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 XFZRQAZGUOTJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/16—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/28—Halides of elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
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- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
- D06M16/003—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic with enzymes or microorganisms
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，属于建筑材料技术领域。本发明将椰壳纤维，二沉池污泥，葡萄糖溶液，水混合发酵，接着加入氯化铝溶液，随后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节pH，过滤，干燥，炭化，即得改性添加料；将大豆油，甲酸，双氧水恒温搅拌反应，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入蒸馏水和氯化钠水溶液，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；将丙烯酸树脂，磷酸三聚氰胺，改性添加料，弱氧化剂，干性油，改性大豆油，有机酸，焦油和亚油酸搅拌混合，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。本发明技术方案制备的钢结构表面用防火涂料具有优异的耐火性能和力学性能的特点，在建筑材料技术行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，属于建筑材料技术领域。
背景技术
钢结构是主要建筑结构之一，因其强度高、自重轻、制造简便、施工速度快、塑韧性好等特点，在工业、民用建筑中广泛采用。但是，钢结构材料虽然属于不燃烧材料，但它极易导热，高温下会迅速受热失去强度而变形。当受热温度达到250℃以上时强度下降很快，当受热达到600℃时，强度仅剩下1/3，而一般火场温度可高达700℃以上。作为建筑材料，钢材的耐火极限仅为15min，因而在火灾高温作用下，钢结构很快会因达到其耐火极限而丧失承载能力而失效，导致建筑物一部分或全部垮塌毁坏。因此，必须采取措施，对钢结构进行防火保护，在实际工程中应用最广泛且最经济有效的方法是涂装钢结构防火涂料。钢结构防火保护的目的在于将钢结构的耐火极限由0.25h升高到防火设计规范规定的耐火极限，防止钢结构在火灾中迅速升温产生变形以至倒塌，从而为灭火和人员安全疏散赢得宝贵时间，避免或减少火灾损失。钢结构防火涂料可以按不同的方法进行分类。目前，普遍按使用厚度分类的方法将钢结构防火涂料分为厚型、薄型和超薄型。钢结构防火涂料产品的研制缺乏突破性的进展，优良品种不多，更新换代较慢；生产工艺和涂装工艺效率较低，且多不注重环境保护；在性能上，不少产品都还或多或少地存在一些问题，比如施工不方便、耐候、耐老化差等。
而传统钢结构表面用防火涂料还存在阻燃性能和力学性能无法进一步提高的问题。因此，如何改善传统钢结构表面用防火涂料的缺点，以获取更高综合性能的提升，是其推广与应用于更广阔的领域，满足工业生产需求亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是：针对传统钢结构表面用防火涂料存在阻燃性能和力学性能无法进一步提高的问题，提供了一种钢结构表面用防火涂料。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，是由以下重量份数的原料组成：
丙烯酸树脂 60～80份
磷酸三聚氰胺 5～8份
改性添加料 20～30份
弱氧化剂 5～8份
干性油 3～5份
改性大豆油 10～20份
有机酸 5～8份
焦油 3～5份
亚油酸 3～5份
所述钢结构表面用防火涂料的制备过程为：按原料组成称量各原料，将丙烯酸树脂，磷酸三聚氰胺，改性添加料，弱氧化剂，干性油，改性大豆油，有机酸，焦油和亚油酸搅拌混合，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。
所述改性添加料的制备过程为：按重量份数计，将30～40份椰壳纤维，3～4份二沉池污泥，3～5份葡萄糖溶液，40～60份水混合发酵，接着加入氯化铝溶液，随后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.6～8.9，过滤，干燥，炭化，即得改性添加料。
所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁，氯化铜或硫酸铜中的任意一种。
所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油，梓油或桐油中的任意一种。
所述改性大豆油的制备过程为：按重量份数计，将50～80份大豆油，20～30份甲酸，10～20份双氧水恒温搅拌反应，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.5～0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.1～0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油。
所述有机酸为酒石酸，草酸，苹果酸，枸椽酸或抗坏血酸中的任意一种。
所述焦油为低温煤焦油或中温煤焦油中的任意一种。
本发明的有益效果是：
（1）本发明通过添加改性添加料，亚油酸和干性油，在制备过程中，利用微生物产生的酶活化椰壳纤维，使得椰壳纤维的吸附性能得到改善，使得后期加入的氯化铁更易渗透到纤维中，再通过添加氢氧化钠溶液调节pH，使得铝离子沉淀，生成的氢氧化铝沉积在纤维中，在炭化过程中，氢氧化铝失水生成氧化铝，同时，产生焦油，在使用过程中，首先，改性填料中的焦油受热渗透出来，有效改善改性填料与基体树脂间的界面结合，使得体系的力学性能得到提升，其次，由于干性油的脂肪族长链结构，使得体系中的力学性能得到提升，同时，与干性油相比，同质量的亚油酸可提供更多的双键，体系中的不饱和键比例增多，使其交联点增多，使得改性填料牢固的固定在体系中，避免在使用过程中发生流失，从而使阻燃效果得以长期有效保持；
（2）本发明通过添加改性大豆油，在使用过程中，由于大豆经过环氧化改性，环氧基团的极性较强，与极性强的金属相容性好，增加了产品的粘度，使得产生涂层力学性能得到提升。
具体实施方式
按重量份数计，将30～40份椰壳纤维，3～4份二沉池污泥，3～5份质量分数为0.3～0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，40～60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为28～32℃，转速为300～500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵3～5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为10～20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20～30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.6～8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为105～110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以60～90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为650～750℃条件下，炭化2～3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将50～80份大豆油，20～30份甲酸，10～20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为70～80℃，转速为300～500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应1～2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.5～0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.1～0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将60～80份丙烯酸树脂，5～8份磷酸三聚氰胺，20～30份改性添加料，5～8份弱氧化剂，3～5份干性油，10～20份改性大豆油，5～8份有机酸，3～5份焦油和3～5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为600～800r/min条件下，搅拌混合40～60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁，氯化铜或硫酸铜中的任意一种。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油，梓油或桐油中的任意一种。所述有机酸为酒石酸，草酸，苹果酸，枸椽酸或抗坏血酸中的任意一种。所述焦油为低温煤焦油或中温煤焦油中的任意一种。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，8份弱氧化剂，5份干性油，20份改性大豆油，8份有机酸，5份焦油和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述有机酸为酒石酸。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，8份弱氧化剂，5份干性油，20份改性大豆油，8份有机酸，5份焦油和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述有机酸为酒石酸。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，5份干性油，20份改性大豆油，8份有机酸，5份焦油和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述有机酸为酒石酸。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，8份弱氧化剂，20份改性大豆油，8份有机酸，5份焦油和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述有机酸为酒石酸。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，8份弱氧化剂，5份干性油，8份有机酸，5份焦油和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述有机酸为酒石酸。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，8份弱氧化剂，5份干性油，20份改性大豆油，5份焦油和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，8份弱氧化剂，5份干性油，20份改性大豆油，8份有机酸和5份亚油酸置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述有机酸为酒石酸。
按重量份数计，将40份椰壳纤维，4份二沉池污泥，5份质量分数为0.5%的葡萄糖溶液，60份水置于发酵釜中，于温度为32℃，转速为500r/min条件下，搅拌混合发酵5天，接着向发酵釜中加入质量分数为20%的氯化铝溶液，随后向发酵釜中加入质量分数为30%的氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.9，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min的速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为750℃条件下，炭化3h，即得改性添加料；按重量份数计，将80份大豆油，30份甲酸，20份双氧水置于三口烧瓶中，并将三口烧瓶置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80℃，转速为500r/min条件下，恒温搅拌反应2h后，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液后，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油；按重量份数计，将80份丙烯酸树脂，8份磷酸三聚氰胺，30份改性添加料，8份弱氧化剂，5份干性油，20份改性大豆油，8份有机酸，5份焦油置于混料机中，于转速为800r/min条件下，搅拌混合60min，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁。所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油。所述有机酸为酒石酸。所述焦油为低温煤焦油。
对比例：佛山某材料生产有限公司生产的钢结构表面用防火涂料。
将实例1至实例8所得的钢结构表面用防火涂料及对比例产品进行性能检测，具体检测方法如下：
制作尺寸为200mm×200mm×20mm的试件，检测耐火极限；
根据GB/T1732（《漆膜耐冲击测定法》）国家标准，采用重型冲击器进行抗冲击性能测试。首先将涂层涂覆在Q235钢板上，厚度控制在3mm，待其固化完全后，用2kg重锤在不同高度上垂直下落冲击涂层，进行涂层冲击通过不通过测试，考察涂层的抗冲击性，进行5次平行试验。
具体检测结果如表1所示：
表1钢结构表面用防火涂料具体检测结果
| 检测项目 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 | 实例4 | 实例5 | 对比例 |
| 耐火极限/h | 2.17 | 1.93 | 1.25 | 0.83 | 0.54 | 0.31 |
| 冲击强度/kJ/m<sup>2</sup> | 73.2 | 68.4 | 61.3 | 46.7 | 43.1 | 22.2 |
由表1检测结果可知，本发明技术方案制备的钢结构表面用防火涂料具有优异的耐火性能和力学性能的特点，在建筑材料技术行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。
Claims (7)
1.一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：是由以下重量份数的原料组成：
丙烯酸树脂 60～80份
磷酸三聚氰胺 5～8份
改性添加料 20～30份
弱氧化剂 5～8份
干性油 3～5份
改性大豆油 10～20份
有机酸 5～8份
焦油 3～5份
亚油酸 3～5份
所述钢结构表面用防火涂料的制备过程为：按原料组成称量各原料，将丙烯酸树脂，磷酸三聚氰胺，改性添加料，弱氧化剂，干性油，改性大豆油，有机酸，焦油和亚油酸搅拌混合，即得钢结构表面用防火涂料。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：所述改性添加料的制备过程为：按重量份数计，将30～40份椰壳纤维，3～4份二沉池污泥，3～5份葡萄糖溶液，40～60份水混合发酵，接着加入氯化铝溶液，随后加入氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8.6～8.9，过滤，干燥，炭化，即得改性添加料。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：所述弱氧化剂为三氯化铁，氯化铜或硫酸铜中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：所述干性油为干性油为亚麻油，梓油或桐油中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：所述改性大豆油的制备过程为：按重量份数计，将50～80份大豆油，20～30份甲酸，10～20份双氧水恒温搅拌反应，离心分层，取上层液，接着向上层液中加入大豆油体积0.5～0.8倍的蒸馏水和大豆油体积0.1～0.2倍的氯化钠水溶液，离心分离，脱去下层水分，即得改性大豆油。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：所述有机酸为酒石酸，草酸，苹果酸，枸椽酸或抗坏血酸中的任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种钢结构表面用防火涂料，其特征在于：所述焦油为低温煤焦油或中温煤焦油中的任意一种。
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