CN109258938A - A kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method - Google Patents
A kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109258938A CN109258938A CN201811356617.1A CN201811356617A CN109258938A CN 109258938 A CN109258938 A CN 109258938A CN 201811356617 A CN201811356617 A CN 201811356617A CN 109258938 A CN109258938 A CN 109258938A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stevia rebaudiana
- ensiling
- additives
- stalk
- blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 244000228451 Stevia rebaudiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 235000006092 Stevia rebaudiana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000057717 Streptococcus lactis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014897 Streptococcus lactis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N Stevioside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940013618 stevioside Drugs 0.000 description 5
- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 description 4
- NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N Nisin Chemical compound N1C(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(=C)NC(=O)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C(=C/C)/NC(=O)[C@H](N)[C@H](C)CC)CSC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(NCC(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]2C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]2C(N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](C(N[C@H](CC=4NC=NC=4)C(=O)N[C@H](CS[C@@H]3C)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(=C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(O)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]2C)=O)=O)CS[C@@H]1C NVNLLIYOARQCIX-MSHCCFNRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010053775 Nisin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004309 nisin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010297 nisin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 4
- OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-phenylquinoline Chemical compound C=12C=CC=CC2=NC(Cl)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004383 Steviol glycoside Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019411 steviol glycoside Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930182488 steviol glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000008144 steviol glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001202 Inulin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N inulin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)OC[C@]1(OC[C@]2(OC[C@]3(OC[C@]4(OC[C@]5(OC[C@]6(OC[C@]7(OC[C@]8(OC[C@]9(OC[C@]%10(OC[C@]%11(OC[C@]%12(OC[C@]%13(OC[C@]%14(OC[C@]%15(OC[C@]%16(OC[C@]%17(OC[C@]%18(OC[C@]%19(OC[C@]%20(OC[C@]%21(OC[C@]%22(OC[C@]%23(OC[C@]%24(OC[C@]%25(OC[C@]%26(OC[C@]%27(OC[C@]%28(OC[C@]%29(OC[C@]%30(OC[C@]%31(OC[C@]%32(OC[C@]%33(OC[C@]%34(OC[C@]%35(OC[C@]%36(O[C@@H]%37[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%37)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%36)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%35)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%34)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%33)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%32)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%31)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%30)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%29)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%28)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%27)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%26)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%25)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%24)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%23)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%22)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%21)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%20)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%19)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%18)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%17)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%16)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%15)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%14)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%13)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%12)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%11)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%10)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O9)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O8)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O7)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940029339 inulin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000234609 Portulaca oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/21—Streptococcus, lactococcus
- A23V2400/231—Lactis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method, belongs to crop and harvest and store field.After this method harvests STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade, stalk and root, cuts 0.2-5.0cm sections or be crushed to 0.1-3.0cm3Size or directly use, spray cellulase, molasses, lactobacillus suspension, mix, production ensiling stock, and packet will be wrapped up in after ensiling stock briquetting or winding up and is sealed or is directly compacted be stored in the sealing containers such as cellar, pond, bottle.Method that the present invention provides one kind securely and reliably, the STEVIA REBAUDIANA of economical and efficient is harvested and stored; effectively substitute existing method for drying and storing; realize that STEVIA REBAUDIANA such as is harvested and stored, extracts at the clean manufacturings of links, the development and utilization of promotion STEVIA REBAUDIANA large-scale planting and each position useful compound.
Description
Technical field
It harvests and store field the invention belongs to crop, and in particular to a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method.
Background technique
STEVIA REBAUDIANA is the New resource plants for originating in South America, and blade is rich in high sweetener stevioside low in calories, quilt
It is described as " third place in the world sugar source ", the synanthrin for being known as " intestinal health bodyguard " is rich in root, being rich in stalk can be used as high-quality feeding
Protein, neutrality and the acid detergent fiber of material.Since the later half introducing China of last century the seventies, China has developed into sweet tea
Leaf chrysanthemum cultivated area extracts processing and the maximum country of stevioside export volume.
Currently, the main harvesting part of STEVIA REBAUDIANA plantation is blade, due to being cured leaf sale, after STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade harvests
Immediately dry that stevia rebaudianum sugared content in blade is influenced greatly.The method that link uses currently, STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade is harvested and stored mainly has two
Kind: a kind of method is that, in drought areas such as Xinjiang, Inner Mongols, after the harvesting of STEVIA REBAUDIANA plant, sunning is dry under field conditions (factors)
Disleave is packaged again afterwards；Another method is: in areas of heavy rainfull such as Anhui, Jiangsu, in harvesting or after harvesting, in time using by hand
Or mechanical progress bar leaf separation, it is packaged after blade is dried.Since the stevia rebaudianum sugared content in STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade is by plant breeding time
It influences greatly, it is higher with stevia rebaudianum sugared content of the squaring period into blade early period of blooming, to ensure harvest in due course, by drying condition system
About, it is difficult to realize large-scale planting.In addition, on Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongol, northeast and other places, being received as northern China rainwater increases
The dry problem of blade for obtaining link, which is increasingly becoming, restricts an important factor for these large-scale planting regions are further developed.This
Outside, existing cured leaf harvests and store mode in disleave, branches and leaves separation, packaging and links of unpacking etc. before extracting there are labo r usages more, behaviour
Make the deficiencies of environment dust pollution is big.
The Sativa Silage Technology widely used in feed storage in recent years is expected to substitute and crack the dry of STEVIA REBAUDIANA harvest link
Dry and pollution problem.Ensiling, which refers to, buries fermentation greenfeed, and principle is the feed and air exclusion of ensiling making lactic acid
(facultative) anaerobe such as bacterium generates organic acid, and aerobic spoilage organisms is inhibited to grow, and reduces nutrient loss, ensures that feed is prolonged not
It is bad.According to textual criticism, Sativa Silage Technology originates from ancient Egypt, and 18 end of the centurys were passed to the U.S. by Northern Europe.In China, before more than 700 years
Yuan Dynasty's " Wang Zhennong book " and Qing Dynasty's " deep and remote wind broad sense " in just have the records of the fermentation process such as clover, purslane.In modern age, northwest
Agricultural college professor Wang Dong is equal to nineteen forty-four and is reported for the first time with " corn cellar storage ensilage preparation test " for topic in " northwest agricultural "
Road band stick corn cellar storage greenfeed experiment.Sativa Silage Technology experienced from high-moisture ensiling to low moisture ensiling again to additive
The development process of ensiling.To currently, a kind of effective ways that ensiling has become modulation, stores greenfeed.
Ensiling operates mechanization degree height, operation is cleaned, occupied area is small.If existing Sativa Silage Technology can be improved, sweet tea is realized
The greenery ensiling of leaf chrysanthemum blade, on the basis of ensuring that blade stevia rebaudianum sugared content is unaffected, utilizing works bacterium promotes variety classes
It is effectively converted between stevioside, improves STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade and extract added value, stevioside raw material supply side will effectively be pushed to reform, promote
Into the upgrading for the entire plant extract industry for being extracted as representing with STEVIA REBAUDIANA.
In addition, rich in compounds such as synanthrin in STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk and root, although not opening at present this part resource also
Hair application, but it is contemplated that in the near future, this part resource will be taken seriously and be developed and used by people.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to harvest and store the above problem present in system for existing STEVIA REBAUDIANA, provide a kind of economical high
Effect, easy to operate, safe and reliable, mechanization degree is high, the STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of clean and environmental protection.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method, method includes the following steps: by STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade and/or STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk and/
Or after stevia rebaudiana harvest, directly sprinkling addition additives for ensiling, or the sprinkling addition additives for ensiling after dissection, crushing is mixed
Ensiling stock briquetting or winding up are excluded air, then wrap up in packet and be sealed by even production ensiling stock, or ensiling stock is directly pressed
It is stored in the sealing containers such as cellar, pond or bottle in fact.
In technical solution of the present invention: after STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade, stalk and root harvest, stalk and root staple fiber ppd are 0.2-
5.0cm, stalk and the smashed size of root are 0.1~3.0cm3, blade pulverized size be 0.1~3.0cm2, or without dissection
Or pulverization process is directly applied.
In technical solution of the present invention: the method for excluding air in ensiling stock includes: to wrap up in packet sealing after briquetting or winding up to protect
It deposits or is directly compacted be stored in the sealing containers such as cellar, pond, bottle.
In technical solution of the present invention: additives for ensiling group is divided into cellulase 0.01-10.0g/kg, molasses 0.01-10mL/
Kg, lactobacillus suspension 0.01-30mL/kg.
In technical solution of the present invention: the group of lactic acid bacteria becomes streptococcus lactis and plant cream bar in STEVIA REBAUDIANA additives for ensiling
The ratio of bacterium, streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:0.1~10.0；The concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 108Cfu~
1.0×1010cfu。
According to STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of the invention, the links such as sunning are to artificial in the current drying storage practice that can forgo
Demand, improve that STEVIA REBAUDIANA production mechanization is horizontal and efficiency of crop.
Dried according to STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of the invention, in the current drying storage practice that can forgo link to place and
The demand of weather effectively facilitates the scale large area plantation of STEVIA REBAUDIANA.
According to STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of the invention, the timely harvest and storage of STEVIA REBAUDIANA material may be implemented, avoid rain
The influences of the weathers to STEVIA REBAUDIANA materials quality such as snow.
According to STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of the invention, it can thoroughly eliminate STEVIA REBAUDIANA material and the powder of links such as harvest and store, process
Dustiness dye, realizes clean manufacturing, effective surfaceman's health.
According to STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of the invention, it can protect STEVIA REBAUDIANA material and include the chemical combination such as pigment, synanthrin, polyphenol
Object improves the comprehensive utilization value of STEVIA REBAUDIANA material.
It according to STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method of the invention, solves the problems, such as harvesting and storing for STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade, stalk and root, is sweetleaf
The development and utilization of chrysanthemum useful compound provide the foundation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention breaks through the STEVIA REBAUDIANA siccative that is limited by weather of tradition and harvests and store mode, provides a kind of Silaging method, is to include
Other extract harvesting and storing for class raw material and provide new direction including STEVIA REBAUDIANA；It can forgo and dry link in current drying storage practice
Demand to artificial improves STEVIA REBAUDIANA production mechanization level and efficiency of crop；It can forgo and dry in the air in current drying storage practice
Demand of the link to place and weather is shone, the plantation of STEVIA REBAUDIANA scale large area is effectively facilitated；It can be realized STEVIA REBAUDIANA material
Harvest and storage in time, avoid influence of the weathers such as sleet to STEVIA REBAUDIANA materials quality, improve STEVIA REBAUDIANA and harvest link reliability；
It more can thoroughly eliminate STEVIA REBAUDIANA material to harvest and store and the dust pollution of processing link, realize that STEVIA REBAUDIANA such as is harvested and stored, extracts at the rings
The clean manufacturing of section, effective surfaceman's health；Can effective protection STEVIA REBAUDIANA material include pigment, synanthrin, polyphenol etc.
Compound, the development and utilization for useful compound in stevia rebaudiana, stalk and blade provide the foundation, and effectively improve STEVIA REBAUDIANA object
The comprehensive utilization value of material；Related scientific research achievement and agricultural machinery can be preferably pushed to harvest and store in link in STEVIA REBAUDIANA material
Using；Effect of the STEVIA REBAUDIANA product in terms of improving human health can be preferably played, STEVIA REBAUDIANA industry is conducive to
Sustainable and healthy development.
The superiority for modernizing method of harvesting and storing based on STEVIA REBAUDIANA material of the invention is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1) by the ensiling to STEVIA REBAUDIANA material, application of the existing feed ensiling machinery in STEVIA REBAUDIANA is harvested and stored is realized,
Sweetleaf production mechanization level is improved, reduces the artificial investment of STEVIA REBAUDIANA production, is increasingly dilute in China's human resources
Lack the effective scheme and inevitable direction of STEVIA REBAUDIANA production cost-saving synergistic under background.
2) it by the ensiling to STEVIA REBAUDIANA material, obviates STEVIA REBAUDIANA and harvests and store dependence of the link to sunning place and weather,
STEVIA REBAUDIANA production is improved in the reliability of link of harvesting and storing, possibility is provided for STEVIA REBAUDIANA large-scale planting, promotes including sweet tea
Supply side reform including synanthrin production leaf material etc..
3) by the ensiling to STEVIA REBAUDIANA material, the steady of compounds such as polyphenol, pigment, synanthrin in STEVIA REBAUDIANA material is improved
It is qualitative, possibility is provided for the development and utilization of these compounds, promotes the comprehensive development and utilization of STEVIA REBAUDIANA material, is effectively promoted
STEVIA REBAUDIANA processing and utilization value.
4) by the ensiling to STEVIA REBAUDIANA material, on the basis of ensuring that the compounds such as stevioside are unaffected, to utilize work
Journey bacterium improves Stevia rebaudiana starting material extraction added value and provides condition and possibility, effectively facilitates the plant extract using STEVIA REBAUDIANA as representative
The upgrading of raw material.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described, and but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:
Embodiment 1
A kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade Silaging method, material used be sweet tea you No. 1, include the following steps:
1) manually STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade is individually harvested.
2) pack seals indoor preservation after mixing the STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade sprinkling additives for ensiling of harvest.The ensiling of sprinkling adds
Agent group is added to be divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, molasses 5mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (wherein streptococcus lactis and plant cream bar
The ratio of bacterium is 1:5；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 5.0 × 109cfu)。
3) after ensiling 2 months, the steviol glycoside content of sample detection sweetleaf blade.
Comparative example 1-1
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (wherein nisin with the difference of embodiment 1
The ratio of bacterium and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:5；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 5.0 × 109Cfu), remaining operation and 1 phase of embodiment
Together.
Comparative example 1-2
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg with the difference of embodiment 1, remaining operation and reality
It is identical to apply example 1.
Comparative example 1-3
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into molasses 5mL/kg with the difference of embodiment 1, remaining operation and embodiment 1
It is identical.
Comparative example 1-4
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, molasses 5mL/kg with the difference of embodiment 1,
Remaining operation is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 1-5
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/ with the difference of embodiment 1
(wherein the ratio of streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:5 to kg；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 5.0 × 109Cfu), remaining
It operates same as Example 1.
Comparative example 1-6
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into molasses 5mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (its with the difference of embodiment 1
The ratio of middle streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:5；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 5.0 × 109Cfu), remaining operation with
Embodiment 1 is identical.
Comparative example 1-7
It is not spray additives for ensiling with the difference of embodiment 1, remaining operation is same as Example 1.
Control group dries the blade of preservation.
Following table is blade steviol glycoside content obtained by each method, as can be seen from the results, the sweet tea carried out according to the present invention
The ensiling of leaf chrysanthemum blade can preferably save the steviol glycoside in STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade.
Embodiment 2
A kind of stevia rebaudiana Silaging method, material used be sweet tea you No. 1, include the following steps:
1) manually stevia rebaudiana is individually harvested.
2) pack after additives for ensiling mixes is sprayed after the stevia rebaudiana of harvest being cut 2cm sections seals indoor preservation.Sprinkling
Additives for ensiling group be divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, molasses 5mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (wherein streptococcus lactis with
The ratio of lactobacillus plantarum is 1:2.5；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 109cfu)。
3) after ensiling 2 months, sample detection stevia rebaudiana inulin concentration.
Comparative example 2-1
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (wherein nisin with the difference of embodiment 2
The ratio of bacterium and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:2.5；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 109Cfu), remaining operation and embodiment 2
It is identical.
Comparative example 2-2
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg with the difference of embodiment 2, remaining operation and reality
It is identical to apply example 2.
Comparative example 2-3
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into molasses 5mL/kg with the difference of embodiment 2, remaining operation and embodiment 2
It is identical.
Comparative example 2-4
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, molasses 5mL/kg with the difference of embodiment 2,
Remaining operation is same as Example 2.
Comparative example 2-5
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/ with the difference of embodiment 2
(wherein the ratio of streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:2.5 to kg；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 109Cfu),
Remaining operation is same as Example 2.
Comparative example 2-6
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into molasses 5mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (its with the difference of embodiment 2
The ratio of middle streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:2.5；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 109Cfu), remaining is operated
It is same as Example 2.
Comparative example 2-7
It is not spray additives for ensiling with the difference of embodiment 2, remaining operation is same as Example 2.
Control group dries the root of preservation.
Following table is inulin concentration in root obtained by each method, as can be seen from the results, the STEVIA REBAUDIANA carried out according to the present invention
Root ensiling can preferably save the synanthrin in stevia rebaudiana.
Embodiment 3
A kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk Silaging method, material used be sweet tea you No. 1, include the following steps:
1) manually STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk is individually harvested.
2) pack after additives for ensiling mixes is sprayed after the STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk of harvest being cut 3-4cm sections seals indoor preservation.
The additives for ensiling group of sprinkling is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, molasses 5mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (wherein nisin
The ratio of bacterium and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:10；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 1010cfu)。
3) after ensiling 2 months, sample detection STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.
Comparative example 3-1
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (wherein nisin with the difference of embodiment 3
The ratio of bacterium and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:10；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 1010Cfu), remaining operation and 3 phase of embodiment
Together.
Comparative example 3-2
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg with the difference of embodiment 3, remaining operation and reality
It is identical to apply example 3.
Comparative example 3-3
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into molasses 5mL/kg with the difference of embodiment 3, remaining operation and embodiment 3
It is identical.
Comparative example 3-4
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, molasses 5mL/kg with the difference of embodiment 3,
Remaining operation is same as Example 3.
Comparative example 3-5
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into cellulase 2.0g/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/ with the difference of embodiment 3
(wherein the ratio of streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:10 to kg；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 1010Cfu), remaining
It operates same as Example 3.
Comparative example 3-6
It is that the additives for ensiling group sprayed is divided into molasses 5mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 5mL/kg (its with the difference of embodiment 3
The ratio of middle streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:10；The total concentration of lactobacillus suspension is 1.0 × 1010Cfu), remaining is operated
It is same as Example 3.
Comparative example 3-7
It is not spray additives for ensiling with the difference of embodiment 3, remaining operation is same as Example 3.
Control group dries the stalk of preservation.
Following table is neutral fibre and acid fiber content in stalk obtained by each method, as can be seen from the results, according to this
The STEVIA REBAUDIANA stalk ensiling that invention carries out can preferably save neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in stalk.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method, it is characterised in that: method includes the following steps: by STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade and/or sweetleaf
After chrysanthemum stalk and/or stevia rebaudiana harvest, directly sprinkling addition additives for ensiling, or the sprinkling addition ensiling after dissection, crushing
Additive mixes production ensiling stock, stock up briquetting or winding up of ensiling is excluded air, then wrap up in packet and be sealed, or by ensiling
Stock directly compacting is stored in the sealing containers such as cellar, pond or bottle.
2. STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: harvest STEVIA REBAUDIANA blade, stalk and root
Afterwards, stalk and root staple fiber ppd are 0.2-5.0cm, stalk and the smashed size of root are 0.1-3.0cm3, the crushing of blade it is big
Small is 0.1-3.0cm2, or directly apply without dissection or pulverization process.
3. STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: exclude the method packet of air in ensiling stock
It includes: wrapping up in packet after briquetting or winding up and be sealed or be directly compacted be stored in the sealing containers such as cellar, pond or bottle.
4. STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: additives for ensiling group be divided into cellulase,
Molasses and lactobacillus suspension.
5. STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: additives for ensiling group is divided into cellulase
0.01-10.0g/kg, molasses 0.01-10mL/kg, lactobacillus suspension 0.01-30mL/kg.
6. STEVIA REBAUDIANA Silaging method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the group of lactic acid bacteria becomes in additives for ensiling
The ratio of streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum, streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus plantarum is 1:0.1~10.0；Lactobacillus suspension it is dense
Degree is 1.0 × 108Cfu~1.0 × 1010cfu。
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