CN105146073A - Alfalfa quality improving drying method - Google Patents
Alfalfa quality improving drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105146073A CN105146073A CN201510455396.3A CN201510455396A CN105146073A CN 105146073 A CN105146073 A CN 105146073A CN 201510455396 A CN201510455396 A CN 201510455396A CN 105146073 A CN105146073 A CN 105146073A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an alfalfa quality improving drying method which comprises the following steps: 1) harvesting and flattening; 2) a first turn-over; 3) a second turn-over; 4) bundling; and 5) natural air-drying or desiccant drying. The alfalfa production drying methods are different in rain or shine weather, high or low latitudes, and specific time of turn-over and turning sun-drying. According to wet and dry, and different rainfall amount in different regions, and different drying methods, the solar thermal power and wind energy in the nature are maximumly taken advantages of and thus the drying quality is ensured at the same time. By harvesting and flattening, turn-over and ventilation, bundling, and sun-drying, green drying is achieved. The produced alfalfa bundle is emerald green, has a leaf containing rate of 62-65%, is high in cellulose, protein, and carotene content, and is good in palatability and commodity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to herbage manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of drying means improving alfalfa quality.
Background technology
More than 20 hundred million, the whole nation (only) Herbivores lacks high quality forage more than 200,000,000 tons every year, is the important leverage of the adjustment structure of agricultural production, development save-grain animal husbandry.Forage grass industry is basis and the guarantee of safeguarding food security in China, ecological safety, Homeland Security, is the prerequisite promoting modern grassland animal husbandry.
Clover is the common name that clover belongs to (Medicago) plant, is commonly called as " clover " (clover also can claim other clover race plants).It is a kind of perennial flowering plant.Wherein foremost is alfalfa (Medicagosativa) as herbage.Clover is animal feeding-stuff.Annual or herbaceos perennial; Pinniform 3 leaflet, leaflet is little, and have little tooth, vein stretches into increment; Stipule and petiole symphysis; Spend little, the short racemes that composition armpit is raw or capitulum; Calyx tooth is closely equal; Corolla is yellow or purple, vexil obovate or Long Circle, and base portion is gradually narrow, nearly stockless, and fossil fragments are blunt, shorter than ala; Stamen 10, disome (9+1); Ovary has ovule most, and style is short, flat or taper; Pod circumvolution, normal is conchoidal or curved falciform, does not ftracture, and level and smooth or spinosity, has seed 1 to several.The crude protein content extracted from the herbages such as clover in leaf protein can reach more than 55%, can be widely used in people's livestock products; The quality of alfalfa hay is determined by dry processing technology.Current clover drying means has the following disadvantages: 1, blade and bud come off in a large number, poor quality; 2, be difficult to meet cattle and sheep to feed nutritional need.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the present invention is directed to above-mentioned prior art Problems existing and make improvement, namely the invention discloses a kind of economical rationality, simple, effectively can improve the drying means of alfalfa quality.
Technical scheme: a kind of drying means improving alfalfa quality, comprises the following steps:
1) harvesting is flattened;
Clover within 1/10 blooms, clover moisture content 78 ~ 80% time, by harvester or hand harvest flatten distance ground more than 5cm alfalfa plants, field of directly tiling;
2) turn-over;
The clover in tiling field, after 12 ~ 14 hours, is carried out a turn-over by fine day airing 9 ~ 11 hours or cloudy airing;
3) secondary turn-over;
Behind fine day airing 32 ~ 34 hours or cloudy airing to 35 ~ 37 hour, the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over;
4) bundling;
When the clover moisture content in airing to 48 hour, tiling field is 65 ~ 70%, during the cloudy day, early 7:00 ~ 11:00 carries out bundling; During fine day, north latitude more than 36 ° area 7:00 ~ 10:30 in morning carries out bundling; During fine day, north latitude 30 ~ 36 ° 6:30 ~ 10:00 in regional morning carries out bundling; Institute beat the grass bundle diameter be all no more than 30 centimetres;
5) naturally dry or drier dry;
For annual rainfall 200 ~ 300mm, the warm regions of at least 150 days frost-free periods, the clover after bundling is stacked from bottom to top, and inwardly, stem stalk end is piled up outwardly, and direct airing is 18% ~ 19% to the moisture content of clover on the top of clover bundle;
The region that residue rainfall is many, frost-free period is short: first chemical drier is sprayed to the clover of bundling, then be 18% ~ 19% by drying machine drying to clover moisture content.
As a kind of preferred version improving the drying means of alfalfa quality a kind of in the present invention: step 5) in chemical drier be the mixed powder of potash and LCFA starch ester, wherein the mass ratio of potash and LCFA starch ester is 2:1.
As a kind of preferred version improving the drying means of alfalfa quality a kind of in the present invention: step 5) in chemical drier be potassium hydroxide and and the mixed powder of LCFA starch ester, wherein the mass ratio of potassium hydroxide and LCFA starch ester is 2:1.
Beneficial effect: the invention discloses a kind of drying means improving alfalfa quality, it has following beneficial effect:
ALFALFA PRODUCTION drying means of the present invention, second fine day gas, latitude height, turn-over is different with the concrete time tedded; By dry wet, rainfall how many regions difference, dry method difference (natural drying and desiccant dryness), natural solar thermal energy and wind energy is utilized to carry out drying to greatest extent, guarantee drying quality simultaneously, by harvesting flattening, turn-over ventilation, bundling, airing, realize green drying.The clover bale produced is emerald green, 62-65% (60% of clover nutritional labeling, 70% of crude protein, 90% the existing in blade and bud of vitamin) is reached, cellulose and protein content is high, carotene carotene content is high, good palatability, commodity are good containing leaf rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of drying means process chart improving alfalfa quality of disclosure of the invention;
Fig. 2 be natural drying clover bale pile up schematic diagram;
Wherein:
1-clover bundle top, 2-clover bundle stem stalk end
Detailed description of the invention:
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Specific embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of drying means improving alfalfa quality, comprises the following steps:
1) harvesting is flattened;
Clover within 1/10 blooms, clover moisture content 78 ~ 80% time, by harvester or hand harvest flatten distance ground more than 5cm alfalfa plants, field of directly tiling;
2) turn-over;
The clover in tiling field, after 9 hours, is carried out a turn-over by fine day airing;
3) secondary turn-over;
The clover in tiling field, after 32 hours, is carried out secondary turn-over by fine day airing;
4) bundling;
When the clover moisture content in airing to 48 hour, tiling field is 65 ~ 70%, during the cloudy day, early 7:00 ~ 11:00 carries out bundling, and institute's bundle diameter of beating the grass all is no more than 30 centimetres;
5) naturally dry or drier dry;
For annual rainfall 200 ~ 300mm, the warm regions of at least 150 days frost-free periods, the clover after bundling is stacked from bottom to top, and the top of clover bundle is inwardly, stem stalk end is piled up (as shown in Figure 2) outwardly, and direct airing is 18% ~ 19% to the moisture content of clover.
Specific embodiment 2
Roughly the same with specific embodiment, difference is only:
1, fine day airing is after 11 hours, and the clover in tiling field is carried out a turn-over;
2, fine day airing is after 34 hours, and the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over.
Specific embodiment 3
Improve a drying means for alfalfa quality, comprise the following steps:
1) harvesting is flattened;
Clover within 1/10 blooms, clover moisture content 78 ~ 80% time, by harvester or hand harvest flatten distance ground more than 5cm alfalfa plants, field of directly tiling;
2) turn-over;
The clover in tiling field, after 12 hours, is carried out a turn-over by cloudy day airing;
3) secondary turn-over;
After cloudy day airing to 35 hour, the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over;
4) bundling;
When the clover moisture content in airing to 48 hour, tiling field is 65 ~ 70%, during fine day, north latitude more than 36 ° area 7:00 ~ 10:30 in morning carries out bundling, and institute's bundle diameter of beating the grass all is no more than 30 centimetres;
5) naturally dry or drier dry;
The region that rainfall is many, frost-free period is short (being less than 150 days): first chemical drier is sprayed to the clover of bundling, then be 18% ~ 19% by drying machine drying to clover moisture content.
In the present embodiment, step 5) in chemical drier be the mixed powder of potash and LCFA starch ester, wherein the mass ratio of potash and LCFA starch ester is 2:1.
Specific embodiment 4
Roughly the same with specific embodiment 3, difference is only
1, cloudy airing is after 14 hours, and the clover in tiling field is carried out a turn-over;
2, after cloudy airing to 37 hour, the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over.
Specific embodiment 5
Improve a drying means for alfalfa quality, comprise the following steps:
1) harvesting is flattened;
Clover within 1/10 blooms, clover moisture content 78 ~ 80% time, by harvester or hand harvest flatten distance ground more than 5cm alfalfa plants, field of directly tiling;
2) turn-over;
The clover in tiling field, after 12 hours, is carried out a turn-over by cloudy day airing;
3) secondary turn-over;
After cloudy day airing to 35 hour, the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over;
4) bundling;
During fine day, north latitude 30 ~ 36 ° 6:30 ~ 10:00 in regional morning carries out bundling; Institute beat the grass bundle diameter be all no more than 30 centimetres;
5) naturally dry or drier dry;
The region that rainfall is many, frost-free period is short (being less than 150 days): first chemical drier is sprayed to the clover of bundling, then be 18% ~ 19% by drying machine drying to clover moisture content.
In the present embodiment, step 5) in chemical drier be potassium hydroxide and and the mixed powder of LCFA starch ester, wherein the mass ratio of potassium hydroxide and LCFA starch ester is 2:1.
Specific embodiment 6
Roughly the same with specific embodiment 5, difference is only:
1, cloudy airing is after 12 ~ 14 hours, and the clover in tiling field is carried out a turn-over;
2, behind cloudy airing to 35 ~ 37 hour, the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over.
Above embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that art those of ordinary skill possesses, can also make a variety of changes under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. improve a drying means for alfalfa quality, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) harvesting is flattened;
Clover within 1/10 blooms, clover moisture content 78 ~ 80% time, by harvester or hand harvest flatten distance ground more than 5cm alfalfa plants, field of directly tiling;
2) turn-over;
The clover in tiling field, after 12 ~ 14 hours, is carried out a turn-over by fine day airing 9 ~ 11 hours or cloudy airing;
3) secondary turn-over;
Behind fine day airing 32 ~ 34 hours or cloudy airing to 35 ~ 37 hour, the clover in tiling field is carried out secondary turn-over;
4) bundling;
When the clover moisture content in airing to 48 hour, tiling field is 65 ~ 70%, during the cloudy day, early 7:00 ~ 11:00 carries out bundling; During fine day, north latitude more than 36 ° area 7:00 ~ 10:30 in morning carries out bundling; During fine day, north latitude 30 ~ 36 ° 6:30 ~ 10:00 in regional morning carries out bundling; Institute beat the grass bundle diameter be all no more than 30 centimetres;
5) naturally dry or drier dry;
For annual rainfall 200 ~ 300mm, the warm regions of at least 150 days frost-free periods, the clover after bundling is stacked from bottom to top, and inwardly, stem stalk end is piled up outwardly, and direct airing is 18% ~ 19% to the moisture content of clover on the top of clover bundle;
The region that residue rainfall is many, frost-free period is short: first chemical drier is sprayed to the clover of bundling, then be 18% ~ 19% by drying machine drying to clover moisture content.
2. a kind of drying means improving alfalfa quality according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5) in chemical drier be the mixed powder of potash and LCFA starch ester, wherein the mass ratio of potash and LCFA starch ester is 2:1.
3. a kind of drying means improving alfalfa quality according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 5) in chemical drier be potassium hydroxide and and the mixed powder of LCFA starch ester, wherein the mass ratio of potassium hydroxide and LCFA starch ester is 2:1.
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| CN201510455396.3A CN105146073A (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | Alfalfa quality improving drying method |
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| CN201510455396.3A CN105146073A (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2015-07-29 | Alfalfa quality improving drying method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109938176A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-28 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | A kind of method of clover high-quality ensiling |
| CN110558426A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-12-13 | 甘肃大业草产品研究所有限责任公司 | Large-scale low-loss alfalfa hay production and modulation method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102415515A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-04-18 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Quick field drying method for alfalfa hay blending |
| CN102487655A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-13 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院呼和浩特分院 | Harvesting and processing technology for producing edible alfalfa powder |
-
2015
- 2015-07-29 CN CN201510455396.3A patent/CN105146073A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102487655A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-13 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院呼和浩特分院 | Harvesting and processing technology for producing edible alfalfa powder |
| CN102415515A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-04-18 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Quick field drying method for alfalfa hay blending |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王德萍，等: ""优质苜蓿干草制作关键技术"", 《新疆农垦科技》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109938176A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-28 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | A kind of method of clover high-quality ensiling |
| CN110558426A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-12-13 | 甘肃大业草产品研究所有限责任公司 | Large-scale low-loss alfalfa hay production and modulation method |
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