CN109251839A - Utilize the device and method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism - Google Patents

Utilize the device and method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109251839A
CN109251839A CN201710576267.9A CN201710576267A CN109251839A CN 109251839 A CN109251839 A CN 109251839A CN 201710576267 A CN201710576267 A CN 201710576267A CN 109251839 A CN109251839 A CN 109251839A
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culture
breeding spaces
closing
photosynthetic microorganism
closing breeding
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CN109251839B (en
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荣峻峰
黄绪耕
周旭华
朱俊英
程琳
纪洪波
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
    • C12M23/14—Bags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/48—Holding appliances; Racks; Supports
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/18—External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/26—Conditioning fluids entering or exiting the reaction vessel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/26—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of devices using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, it include: the closing breeding spaces that (1) is made of flexible transparent film bag, the small space that the closing breeding spaces are longitudinally separated into 10mm~200mm wide and vertically extend, these spaces extended are interconnected at the top and bottom of it, and the width for being located at the small space lower part of two sides is greater than the width on top；(2) entrance of several conveyings for gases and liquids；(3) it is located at the aerator of the closing breeding spaces bottom；(4) for fixing and/or supporting the bracket of the closing breeding spaces.The invention further relates to the method for using the device culture photosynthetic microorganism and production biomass, the method for bioenergy.Apparatus and method of the present invention be more suitable for it is extensive, expeditiously cultivate photosynthetic microorganism.

Description

Utilize the device and method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism
Technical field
It the present invention relates to the use of the device and method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, in particular to trained on a large scale using sunlight Support the device and method of photosynthetic microorganism.
Background technique
Photosynthetic microorganism is that one kind can carry out photosynthetic biology, such as photosynthetic bacteria and microalgae using light.Microalgae It is a kind of many kinds of and extremely extensive rudimentary plant of distribution grown in water, it is the cell factory driven by sunlight, By the efficient photosynthesis of microalgae cell, CO is absorbed2, convert light energy into the chemistry of the carbohydrate such as fat or starch Can, and release O2.It is expected to reach substitution fossil energy simultaneously using microalgae production bioenergy and chemicals, reduces CO2Discharge etc. Purpose.Since microalgae has high production efficiency, so obtaining the extensive concern of people in recent years.Another feature of microalgae It is many microalgae types, such as chlorella, scenedesmus, single needle algae, spirulina etc., not only can use photoautotrophy culture, may be used also To carry out chemoheterotrophy culture using organic carbon source such as glucose, photoautotrophy can also be carried out simultaneously and the simultaneous of chemoheterotrophy is supported Culture.When microalgae carries out heterotrophism or its efficiency is much higher than autotrophy culture when mixotrophic cultivation, especially for the mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae, The chemical energy that luminous energy and organic carbon can be utilized simultaneously, efficiently produce specific microalgae biomass, such as grease, protein, more Sugar etc., has a very important significance.
The light source of autotrophy or mixotrophic cultivation can be sunlight, be also possible to artificial light source.Using sunlight outside scenery can To reduce production cost, but influenced by natural conditions big, especially intensity of illumination is unstable, it is difficult to control, in illumination deficiency When production efficiency it is low；The light intensity of artificial light source can be set as needed, but energy consumption is larger, be typically only used for laboratory research or Small-scale production is not suitable for production bioenergy.
Photosynthetic microorganism is generally cultivated in bioreactor (or device).Bioreactor mainly has at present Open and closed two types.
Most typically raceway pond in Race-way photobioreactor, it is the dress for the culture microalgae being widely used at present Set, structure is the shallow pond of racetrack with paddle wheel, the algae solution of cultivation is held in pond, in pond the thickness of algae solution be generally 15cm~ 30cm, algae solution needs rapidly flow in raceway pond, and the linear velocity of algae solution flowing is generally 30cm/s~200cm/s, algae solution It is flowed under the driving of paddle wheel along raceway pond, receives sunlight and mushroom out.The advantages of open pond be structure it is simple, it is at low cost, It is easy to amplify, the disadvantage is that the efficiency of micro algae growth is lower, algae solution concentration is low (OD value of final algae solution is generally less than 2), and Due to open reason, the invasion of harmful organisms are subject in incubation, the growth conditions of microalgae is unable to accurately control, moisture It evaporates big etc..Open pond reactor is not available heterotrophism or simultaneous feeding method cultivating microalgae, because this mode is unable to control Microbial contamination in algae solution.
Closed photo bioreactor has a various forms, basic feature be by culture solution " closing " a light transmission sky Between in, avoid the substance of external environment from entering culture systems, for example avoid the invasion of harmful organisms, while can accurately control each Kind of condition of culture, from obtaining better culture effect.The geometry and design structure of closed photo bioreactor are to influence The key factor of its performance, in the prior art the design form of closed photo bioreactor mainly include duct type, it is flat, Three kinds of pillar (or hanging bag type).Duct type bioreactor is widely used in early stage people, its advantage is that specific surface area is larger, But the problems such as that there are oxygen parsings is difficult, be difficult to clean, mechanical force damage, simultaneously amplifies difficulty, cost is higher, is not suitable for advising greatly Mould cultivating microalgae.Pillar bioreactor solves the problems, such as that oxygen parsing is difficult, but asks in the presence of illumination is insufficient when amplifying Topic.The basic configuration and structure of flat plate photobioreactor be usually use various forms support and connect two pieces vertically The culture space of light-transmitting plate folder has many advantages, such as that large specific surface area, uniformly mixed, oxygen parsing are easy, such as It is designed disclosed in CN100587054C, CN101709264B and WO2005/006838.
Flat plate photobioreactor can be horizontal, vertical or be obliquely installed, and is generally vertically arranged.It is flat in order to make Microalgae illumination is more abundant in bioreactor, and people have also been devised various forms of spoilers and are placed on flat photo-biological Strengthen the turbulating effect of algae solution in reactor.Chinese patent application CN102260629A discloses a kind of board-like optical-biological reaction Device, including at least one runner, wherein each runner includes: at least 2 pieces of overhead gages, is set on the inner wall of plane of illumination；At least 2 pieces of lower baffle plates, are set on the inner wall of dull surface；Wherein, the length direction of overhead gage and lower baffle plate and culture solution flow direction Angle be 20 °~70 °, and angle is contrary.The plate-type reactor has specific internal structure, can be realized frustule It in movement is shuttled between the light area of bioreactor and dark space, the rapid alternation of frustule is realized, to improve microalgae Culture efficiency.But it needs to circulate whole culture solutions by bioreactor when program operation Baffle, significantly increase operation energy consumption.
CN105219616A further improves the structure of flat plate photobioreactor, and is dropped using fexible film structure Low cost.It has been known that there is many using scheme of the fexible film as bioreactor material, such as: CN102373151B, CN101868530B.Preferable lighting effect in order to obtain, the thickness of flexible film pouch must be controlled must be in range, example Such as < 200mm, but unlike that expensive hard transparent board-like bioreactor, if fexible film is not subject to special limit System, then it can be strutted into cylindrical type by algae solution naturally under gravity, therefore must to control the thickness of flexible film pouch Flexible film pouch must be limited using certain means.Flexible film pouch can be separated into using the method for heat-sealing smaller Space, in this way its be packed into algae solution after algae solution be just constrained to the thin layer for specific thicknesses.However, in actual use process In, the limitation of this heat-sealing is easy to that flexible film pouch is made to generate many folds and dead angle in the presence of hydraulic pressure, seriously affects The effect of microdisk electrode.
Aeration is a very important factor in both culturing microalgae.Aeration bubbles diameter is smaller, and the mass transfer between gas-liquid is got over It is good, but aeration bubbles diameter is too small, can generate a large amount of foams, seriously affects the normal cultivation of microalgae, actually utilizes foam gas Floating is a kind of method that microalgae is separated from algae solution, such as CN102127509A.Aeration is unevenly likely to become large-scale cultivation A serious technical problem in microalgae, it is especially true when needing to be uniformly controlled multiple aerators.
Culture-liquid temp is an important factor for influencing photosynthetic microorganism growth.During the broiling summer, culture solution is enclosed in In plate-type reactor, culture-liquid temp can not be easy to cause sharply to increase by moisture evaporative heat loss, culture is caused to fail, because This, heat transfer problem is the critical issue that must be solved in plate-type reactor scale application.However, plate-type reactor thickness compared with It is small, it should not exchange heat inside it, if exchanged heat inside the lesser board-like culture space of thickness by pipeline or lamella, no It only greatly reduces volume of culture and influences illumination, and be easy to cause adherency and accumulation of the microalgae on heat exchange pipeline, to training It is unfavorable to support.The prior art is generally sprayed water in plate-type reactor plane of illumination, is cooled down by the evaporation of moisture, and meeting after moisture evaporation The hard scale of difficult cleaning is formed on plane of illumination.For the plate-type reactor of software film material, also easily to film when clearing up hard scale It damages.Heat exchange will also result in the increase of material consumption and energy consumption, also not be merely ideal solution by heat exchange temperature control, When large-scale cultivation microalgae, need to find more reasonable solution.
The prior art is when solving to pass optical issue, primary concern is that photosynthetic microorganism is made to receive more fully illumination, it is main The means wanted are to increase area-volume ratio (the ratio between light-receiving area and volume of culture) and intensified education liquid turbulence.However, increasing face The limitation of product volume ratio, and the inevitable more consumption energy of intensified education liquid turbulence.In the prior art, no matter which kind of form used Bioreactor, be required to by algae solution stir, algae solution movement linear velocity generally in the model of 30cm/s~200cm/s In enclosing, and the energy consumption for stirring a large amount of algae solutions be in microdisk electrode it is very huge, for the microalgae for the purpose of bioenergy For culture, energy consumption is even unacceptable.
Also have and disclosed on a small quantity on how to the document efficiently using sunlight, such as CN105385563A, CN102408980A, Method disclosed in these documents is avoided on light leakage to ground to cover ground as much as possible.
Although the existing largely document about chemical process mass transfer, the mass transfer and chemical industry mistake of photosynthetic microorganism incubation The mass transfer of journey is different, and related research is deep not enough.On the one hand, when large-scale culture, especially to obtain bioenergy as mesh When, the energy consumption problem of mass transport process can not be ignored；On the other hand, there is also chemical processes in the incubation of photosynthetic microorganism Unexistent problem, such as mechanical force (or shearing force) damage, biography light etc..
For the mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae, what the prior art mainly solved is still " microalgae how to be made to receive more abundant illumination " Problem.Such as CN103131638A promotes 1.5 by convex lens or concave mirror sunlight device, by sunlight intensity It~10 times, is irradiated for light area container, this build-in components significantly increase reactor manufacturing cost and operating cost.
Scale for the purpose of the energy support algae require it is a large amount of, efficiently accumulate grease, inevitably by a large amount of nitrogen Source, which synchronizes, is converted into protein.A large amount of consumption conventional nitrogen sources are expensive for cultivating microalgae, if can be from industrial a large amount of rows The NOx put obtains handy nitrogen source, so that it may solve scale and support the nitrogenous fertilizer source problem of algae, but do so and need to make to support algae Nitrogen source wear rate matches with exhaust gas denitration rate.
In conclusion the prior art can't comprehensively solve pass light, mass transfer, transmission, cleaning and the problem of microbial contamination, Perhaps energy consumption is high, at high cost or excessively complicated, cumbersome, therefore all cannot on a large scale, expeditiously cultivate photosynthetic micro- life Object.In order to realize this purpose, need to research and develop new device and technology, the aforementioned problem of comprehensively solve.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of device and method using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, which is more suitable for On a large scale, photosynthetic microorganism (such as microalgae) expeditiously is cultivated, especially to obtain bioenergy and/or consumption reduction emission reduction as mesh Incubation.
Main contents of the invention are as follows.
1. a kind of device using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, comprising: (1) closing being made of flexible transparent film bag Breeding spaces, the small space that the closing breeding spaces are longitudinally separated into 10mm~200mm wide and vertically extend, this The space extended a bit is interconnected at the top and bottom of it, and the width for being located at the small space lower part of two sides is greater than the width on top Degree；(2) entrance of several conveyings for gases and liquids；(3) it is located at the aerator of the closing breeding spaces bottom；With (4) for fixing and/or supporting the bracket of the closing breeding spaces.
2. according to device described in 1, which is characterized in that it is described closing breeding spaces with a thickness of 10mm~200mm, preferably For 20mm~100mm；And/or
The length of the closing breeding spaces is 200mm~2000mm, preferably 600mm~1200mm；And/or
The separation of the closing breeding spaces is to be formed by hot-sealing line along the rectangular flexible transparent film bag of straight line separated, Intermediate hot-sealing line is parallel to the side of the rectangular flexible transparent film bag.
3. according to aforementioned any device, which is characterized in that the aerator of multiple closing breeding spaces is unified Control, and only in aerator air pressure inside P >=1.2P0When be just aerated, P0It is supported for the closing breeding spaces in design The hydraulic pressure of bottommost under the amount of growing；And/or
Multiple closing breeding spaces are interconnected in cultivation liquid level below by way of pipeline；And/or
It is provided with the culture liquid cycle subsystem that driving culture solution recycles between multiple closing breeding spaces.
4. according to aforementioned any device, which is characterized in that the closing breeding spaces be longitudinally separated into 100mm~ The small space of 200mm wide vertically extended.
5. according to aforementioned any device, which is characterized in that the bracket is arranged by two supporting surfaces in Λ shape；Institute The angle for stating supporting surface and horizontal plane is θ, and θ is greater than 30 ° to less than 90 °, preferably 60 ° to 87 °, and more preferably 70 ° extremely 85 °, the supporting surface is used to support the closing breeding spaces；And/or
When the closing breeding spaces be it is multiple (such as > 20, > 100, > 500, > 1000 or > 2000 It is a) when, each bracket is adjacently positioned, and substantially or entirely covers ground.
6. a kind of system using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, comprising: any device in (1) 1~5；(2) it trains That supports base matches subsystem；(3) medium pH value Monitor And Control Subsystem；(4) culture-liquid temp Monitor And Control Subsystem；(5) gas is inputted Purifying subsystem；(6) culture solution output and harvesting subsystem.
7. a kind of method using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, which is characterized in that using the dress any in 1~5 It sets or systematic cultivation photosynthetic microorganism described in 6.
8. according to method described in 7, which is characterized in that using device described in 5；Wherein, the supporting surface and horizontal plane Intersection and the angle in north-south be φ, φ is 0 °~15 °, preferably 0 °；And/or
Imax > 40000lux, preferably greater than > 60000lux, more preferable > 80000lux, further preferred > 100000lux。
9. according to method described in 7 or 8, which is characterized in that driving culture solution multiple closing breeding spaces it Between recycle, internal circulating load < 10V/h, V be close breeding spaces volume.
10. according to 7~9 any methods, which is characterized in that the photosynthetic microorganism is microalgae；And/or
Breeding way is mixotrophic cultivation；And/or
Aeration quantity is 0.5L/ (Lmin)~6L/ (Lmin), preferably 0.8L/ (Lmin)~4L/ (Lh).
11. a kind of integrated processes using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism and industrial waste gas denitration, which is characterized in that recruitment Industry exhaust gas denitration obtain NOx fixture be 6~10 in it is any described in method nitrogen source is provided.
12. a kind of method for producing biomass, including fluid composition, protein, carbon aquation are extracted from photosynthetic microorganism The step of closing one of object, nucleic acid, pigment, vitamin, growth factor or any combination thereof；Wherein, the photosynthetic microorganism by Any method of 6-11 obtains.
13. a kind of method for producing bioenergy, which is characterized in that raw material method as described in 12 obtains.
The present invention mainly achieves technical effect below.
First, photosynthetic microorganism is cultivated using cheap flexible transparent film bag, special design avoids through the invention Flexible film pouch generates serious fold and dead angle when in use.Low flow velocity, high density, large-scale culture can be achieved, no It reduced by only transmission energy consumption, and improve the productivity of photosynthetic microorganism.
Second, it solves the technical issues of being uniformly controlled multiple aerators in large-scale cultivation, especially solves The non-uniform technical problem of aeration of multiple bioreactors under special designing (being divided into multiple small spaces).Using this hair Bright aeration mode avoids the non-uniform problem of aeration, improves both culturing microalgae efficiency.
Third, the present invention using " closing, thin layer " training method, by the reasonable placements of fexible film breeding spaces and Combination dispersion solar illumination intensity and algae solution external circulation heat exchanging, it is high that synthesis solves light intensity, temperature control, cleaning and heat exchange energy consumption Problem, make it is extensive, expeditiously cultivate photosynthetic microorganism, especially and feeding microalgae, be possibly realized.
4th, the device of the invention structure is simple, construction cost is low, easy to operate, more adaptable.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in specific embodiment part.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a closing breeding spaces and its schematic diagram of cross section in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the bracket of closing breeding spaces is used to support in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that there are two the schematic diagrames of the device of closing breeding spaces in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for having the device of eight closing breeding spaces in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of China and foreign countries' circulation heat exchanger of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the micro algae growth curve of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1,2.
Fig. 7 is the micro algae growth curve of embodiment 2,3 and comparative example 3,4.
Fig. 8 is the micro algae growth curve of embodiment 4,5 and comparative example 5,6.
Fig. 9 is the micro algae growth curve of embodiment 6,7 and comparative example 7.
Description of symbols:
In Fig. 1,100 be aeration pipeline, and 101 be air inlet, and 102 be gas outlet, and 103 be inlet, and 104 be liquid outlet, 105 be hot-sealing line.
In Fig. 2, θ is the angle of supporting surface and horizontal plane, and N indicates that north orientation, Φ are intersection and the south of supporting surface and horizontal plane The angle of north orientation.
In Fig. 3, A1 and A2 are two closing breeding spaces.
In Fig. 5,111 be culture liquid flow inlet, and 112 be culture fluid outlet, and 113 be heat transferring medium inflow entrance, and 114 be to change Thermal medium outflux.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but it should be recognized that protection scope of the present invention is not by this The limitation that a little specific embodiments or principle are explained, but determined by claims.
In the present invention, other than the content clearly stated, any matters or item that do not mention are directly applicable in ability Without carrying out any change those of known to domain.Moreover, any embodiment described herein can with it is described herein One or more other embodiments freely combine, and the technical solution or technical idea being consequently formed are accordingly to be regarded as the original public affairs of the present invention It opens or a part of original description, and is not considered as the new content for not disclosing or being expected herein, unless this field skill Art personnel think that the combination is obvious unreasonable.
All features disclosed in this invention can in any combination, these combinations should be understood presently disclosed or note The content of load, unless those skilled in the art think that the combination is obviously unreasonable.Numerical point disclosed in this specification, is not only wrapped Specifically disclosed numerical point in embodiment is included, further includes the endpoint of each numberical range in specification, any group of these numerical points institute The range of conjunction is regarded as the range that the present invention is disclosed or recorded.
Technical and scientific term in the present invention, provide definition be subject to its definition, do not provide definition then by ability The common meaning in domain understands.
In the present invention, the terms such as upper and lower or height are for gravity direction.
In the present invention, " closing " refers to, other than cultivating substance required for photosynthetic microorganism and the culture solution of circulation, Substance in external environment cannot be introduced into culture space.
In the present invention, " north-south " refers to, the straight line extended in the horizontal plane to due south and direct north.
In the present invention, " plane of illumination " refers to, the surface of sunlight direct irradiation.
In the present invention, in one day, maximum intensity of illumination I of the sunlight in perpendicular planemaxIt indicates.
(1) device of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism is utilized
The present invention provides a kind of devices using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, comprising: (1) thin by rectangular flexible and transparent The closing breeding spaces that film bag is constituted, the closing breeding spaces are longitudinally separated into 10mm~200mm wide along the vertical direction The small space extended, these spaces extended are interconnected at the top and bottom of it, and are located at the width of the small space lower part of two sides Degree is greater than the width on top；(2) entrance of several conveyings for gases and liquids；(3) it is located at the closing breeding spaces bottom The aerator in portion；(4) for fixing and/or supporting the bracket of the closing breeding spaces.
The apparatus according to the invention, any suitable transparent membrane is all available, as long as having enough intensity and light transmission Rate is able to achieve structure design and purpose of the invention, such as polypropylene film or polypropylene/Nylon laminated film.
The apparatus according to the invention, it is described closing breeding spaces culture when with a thickness of 10mm~200mm, preferably 20mm ~100mm.In order to realize thickness indication when flexible film pouch culture microalgae, it is necessary to which flexible film pouch is separated limitation. According to the present invention it is possible to using partition member (such as method using heat-sealing, hot-sealing line, that is, partition member) that flexible and transparent is thin Film bag is longitudinally separated into the small space that 10mm~200mm wide is vertically extended.When with a thickness of 10mm~200mm, separate Width range be generally 20mm~400mm；With a thickness of 20mm~100mm, the width range of separation be generally 40mm~ 200mm.It should be appreciated that the separation limitation is separated to guarantee thickness indication when flexible film pouch culture microalgae Component can limit or not limit the mass exchange of its two sides.According to the present invention, the space that these extend is at the top and bottom of it Be interconnected, both achieved the purpose that control flexible film pouch culturing liquid thickness in this way, at the same uniformly mix convenient for algae solution and Aeration is uniform.Inventor is in practice, it has been found that if conventionally longitudinal along straight line parallel equal part by flexible film pouch Divide (divided small space upper and lower part of same size), then when pouring into culture solution flexible film pouch two sides can because This separation is limited in lower part and forms serious fold dead angle, and such structure can greatly influence the cultivation of microalgae, it is necessary to add To solve.Inventor has found by repetition test, when being longitudinally separated along straight line to flexible film pouch, if being located at two sides Hot-sealing line it is tilted in lower direction bag, make the width of the width of the small space lower part of outermost separated greatly to its upper, then may be used Preferably to solve above-mentioned fold and Dead Core Problems.One Preferable scheme is that, in the small space in the two sides separated, Ld >= 1.2Lu,LdFor the width of the small space lowest part in two sides, LuFor the width of the small space topmost in two sides.
The length of the apparatus according to the invention, the closing breeding spaces is generally 200mm~2000mm, preferably 600mm~1200mm；Width is generally higher than 200mm, preferably greater than 600mm, can be 600mm~1200mm.
The apparatus according to the invention, the separation of the closing breeding spaces are rectangular flexible saturating along straight line separated by hot-sealing line Bright bag film and formed, intermediate hot-sealing line is parallel to the side of the rectangular flexible transparent film bag；Positioned at two of two sides Hot-sealing line from top to bottom (thus makes the width for being greater than top positioned at the width of the small space lower part of two sides to intermediate hot-sealing line inclination Degree).
The apparatus according to the invention, the length in the small space of longitudinal subdivision should make the closing breeding spaces full on the whole Foot thickness indication of the invention.Generally, the length in the small space is close breeding spaces length 3/4~9/10.
The apparatus according to the invention, the closing breeding spaces are equipped with the entrance of several conveyings for gases and liquids, For inputting, delivery air and/or carbon dioxide, input culture solution and nutriment, the algae solution of output harvest of supplement etc..
Microalgae is cultivated using flexible film pouch, it is necessary to which preferable support could be obtained by carrying out uniform aeration to algae solution Effect is grown, it is especially even more so in the case where the flexible film pouch is separated into longitudinal small space.Biggish solarization air cap Biggish bubble can be exposed, it is highly beneficial for the mixing of algae solution in this way, and do not allow to be also easy to produce excessive foam.However, for Biggish solarization air cap must make all aeration hole site levels that could realize the equal of all solarization air caps under normal aeration quantity Even aeration.In fact, aeration tube is difficult to place to obtain abswolute level due to installing operation.More seriously, in scale In cultivation, between different flexible film pouch, mounting height, aeration tube relative position can not almost be mounted so as to it is completely the same. These factors will lead to be located at shallowly locate solarization air cap aeration, and be located at depths solarization air cap be not aerated, this aeration it is uneven Property can adversely affect the culture efficiency of microalgae.One solution is individually to control each aeration tube, even each Solarization air cap, so that all solarization air cap uniform aerations, but this can greatly increase workload for cultivating on a large scale, actually It is difficult to receive.The present invention is by repeatedly the study found that can make the exposure by the material and/or structure for controlling aeration tube Tracheae is only in aeration tube air pressure inside P >=1.2P0When just occur aeration (P0It is the closing breeding spaces in design cultivation amount Under bottommost hydraulic pressure).Thus uniform aeration can be realized in solarization air cap when subsurface depth is inconsistent, solve Problem above-mentioned.To achieve the goals above, according to it is described closing breeding spaces structure and size and design cultivation amount, Aeration tube must select certain thickness elastomeric material, and being aerated gap must be certain size, aforementioned religion according to the present invention It leads and simple experiment, those skilled in the art is readily able to select.
For cultivation in large-scale, high-efficiency, the closing breeding spaces be necessarily it is multiple (such as >=20, >=100 A, >=500, >=1000 or >=2000), preferably it is adjacently positioned.The apparatus according to the invention is having multiple envelopes When closing breeding spaces, all or part of closing breeding spaces are interconnected below by way of pipeline (preferably in institute in cultivation liquid level State the bottom connection of closing breeding spaces), so that the whole of each culture space or grouping be linked together by pipeline；It is preferred that Ground, described device are additionally provided with the culture fluid circulation that driving culture solution recycles between the closing breeding spaces.Closing Breeding spaces inventor recognizes by repeatedly practising: the whole of each culture space or grouping being interconnected, and algae solution is made to exist Circulation can significantly improve whole culture efficiency between culture space.Because when actually using sunlight culture microalgae, due to one Lighting angle of sunlight is different from orientation within it, so illumination and heat that each culture space receives are different, necessarily leads Cause some culture space illumination of a certain moment strong, temperature is higher, and other culture space illumination are insufficient, and temperature is lower, such as Fruit takes no action to, then may cause part microalgae because temperature is excessively high or illumination is too strong and dead, while another part Microalgae then causes breeding efficiency undesirable because illumination is insufficient, temperature is lower；On the other hand, when practical operation, when using multiple When closing breeding spaces cultivating microalgae, needs for each closing breeding spaces to be connected under liquid level, on the one hand be convenient in this way Charging and harvesting, while the liquid level of each bioreactor can also be made to be consistent, obtain preferable culture efficiency.
The apparatus according to the invention, the bracket are arranged by two supporting surfaces in Λ shape.The supporting surface, both may be used To be the supporting surface formed by continuous level, such as the supporting surface that stainless steel plate is formed；It is also possible to rigid plane frame to be formed Supporting surface, such as the supporting surface formed by steel bar framework.
The apparatus according to the invention is fixedly connected or is rotatablely connected between two supporting surfaces.
The angle of the apparatus according to the invention, the supporting surface and horizontal plane is the θ (plane of illumination of the closing breeding spaces θ is also essentially with the angle of horizontal plane), 30 ° of 90 ° of < θ <.The angle theta of two supporting surfaces and horizontal plane, can be equal or not Deng being taken respectively from 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 70 °, 75 °, 80 °, 83 °, 85 °, 86 °, 87 °, 88 ° and 89 ° composed by any the two Range.It is preferred that it is equal with the angle theta of horizontal plane with the plane of illumination of two closing breeding spaces of group, and it is greater than 75 °.With horizontal plane Angle theta it is bigger, the culture space that unit occupied area is put is more, such to design effectively " dilution " inclination culture sky Between the upper sunlight and heat received.It should be appreciated that due to apparatus of the present invention structure design, arranged direction and with horizontal plane it Between " dilution " compared with mitre to sunlight, be subject to recycle algae solution between each culture space by the algae solution circulatory system, effectively Ground alleviates heat transfer problem.Therefore, even if can also be controlled the temperature of culture solution with the driving culture solution heat exchange of lower speed In reasonable range.
The apparatus according to the invention, in order to reduce occupied area in large-scale production, when bracket is multiple, each bracket It is adjacently positioned, substantially or entirely covers ground.
Cultivation temperature be both influence photosynthetic microorganism growth principal element, and influence incubation in mass transfer because Element.For closed photo bioreactor, since culture solution is closed in the space of light transmission, it is easy to cause culture-liquid temp It increases, especially in the culture of summer open air, the temperature that strong sunlight will cause culture solution quickly soars to the journey for being difficult to receive Degree, it is necessary to be resolved.Although in the prior art, there is the heat transfer technology for being largely used to physics, chemical process, these skills Art is unsuitable for the large-scale culture process in photosynthetic microorganism, the incubation especially for the purpose of obtaining bioenergy, The temperature control of culture solution has become the critical problem for restricting large-scale culture photosynthetic microorganism.
In the prior art, general using the cooling method sprayed water to plane of illumination, on the one hand significantly increase water consume, another party Face is easy to form salt crust on the plane of illumination of bioreactor, not only influence pass light, but also clean get up very it is difficult and Trouble；This problem is more prominent in mixotrophic cultivation microalgae, it is necessary to find more preferably solution.
Reality can be effectively relieved by the control of culture space tilt angle and culture solution circulation in the apparatus according to the invention Climate control issues in the incubation of border.The apparatus according to the invention, a preferred scheme further includes in the culture solution On the circulation loop of the circulatory system, equipped with the heat exchanger to exchange heat with culture solution.When the temperature of culture solution exceeds preference temperature, lead to It crosses in the heat exchanger that culture solution is recycled to outside culture apparatus, culture-liquid temp can be controlled in preference temperature scope, be realized Reliable and stable culture, to avoid causing to shut out the light, depositing microalgae because of heat-exchanger rig is arranged inside culture space And reduce effective volume of culture, also avoid using outer spray system and after causing moisture to evaporate salt crust generation, shielding light Line hinders normal culture.The heat exchanger can use any known, mature industrial heat exchange device.
The angle of the apparatus according to the invention, the intersection and north-south of the supporting surface and horizontal plane is φ, and φ is preferably 0 °~15 °, more preferably 0 °.This setup of the invention is markedly different from the prior art, and due to this set side Formula, on the one hand, in the summer that illumination is most sufficient, intensity of illumination of the sunlight on plane of illumination is made to be quite suitable for photosynthetic microorganism Fast-growth；On the other hand, when illumination is most strong, effectively make to make temperature control in sunlight " dilution " to bigger culture area Be more easier, material consumption and/or energy consumption are lower, therefore be conducive to it is extensive, expeditiously cultivate photosynthetic microorganism.
The apparatus according to the invention, in ImaxMore advantage, preferably I when > 40000luxmax> 60000lux, more preferably Imax> 80000lux, further preferred Imax> 100000lux.
The value of the apparatus according to the invention, θ and φ can make sunlight " uniformly dilution " to more greatly when most desirable Culture area on, when solar illumination is most strong, be distributed in sunlight more reasonably in culture area, avoid under part culture face Microalgae damaged because illumination is too strong, also avoid slow growth due to illumination is insufficient of the microalgae under the culture area of part, To improve the culture effect of photosynthetic microorganism.
The apparatus according to the invention, in the incubation of photosynthetic microorganism, θ and φ are definite value.Especially sunlight most (such as summer), θ and the φ value preferably in preferred scope above-mentioned in the sufficient period.Existing document discloses " according to sun The direction of light adjusts the setting direction of bioreactor ", the purpose of these documents is to keep bioreactor receiving more sufficient Illumination, the not purpose of " dilution light ".In addition, manual or automaticization frequently adjusts light for large-scale cultivation microalgae The setting direction of bioreactor perhaps brings extremely cumbersome operation or greatly increases operation energy consumption, and hardly possible is industrialized Production is received.
The apparatus according to the invention, when driving photosynthetic microorganism movement, the movement linear velocity of photosynthetic microorganism (microalgae) Less than 30cm/s, preferably smaller than 20cm/s.In the prior art, when the concentration of photosynthetic microorganism (especially microalgae) is higher or illumination When too strong, in order to guarantee that photosynthetic microorganism does not block mutually, the photosynthetic efficiency of group is improved, or avoid strong light injury, palpus Culture solution is set quickly to flow, it, can if the flowing velocity of culture solution is lower (the linear velocity < 30cm/s of algae solution movement) The culture efficiency of photosynthetic microorganism is reduced significantly, and higher flowing velocity to be maintained then to necessarily increase energy consumption.In order to improve The effect of culture solution turbulence usually there is provision of various forms of flow-disturbing components, do so and not only improve cost of manufacture, but also into one Step increases operation energy consumption.And method of the invention is used, due to reasonably " having controlled " sunlight in closing breeding spaces illumination The thickness of intensity of illumination and closing breeding spaces on face can also obtain even if photosynthetic microorganism is moved with extremely low speed Culture effect.
The apparatus according to the invention is not particularly limited the mode of driving photosynthetic microorganism movement, existing suitable Mode can be for used in the present invention, such as using shearing force is small or the diaphragm pump or peristaltic pump of zero shearing force.
The apparatus according to the invention only can be such that photosynthetic microorganism disturbs by aeration.
The Culture liquid measure that the design cultivation amount will pour into when being culture into each closing breeding spaces.It should be understood that It arrives, the Culture liquid measure actually poured into each closing breeding spaces is slightly different each other.
(2) system of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism is utilized
The present invention provides a kind of systems using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, comprising: (1) aforementioned any device； (2) culture medium match subsystem；(3) medium pH value Monitor And Control Subsystem；(4) culture-liquid temp Monitor And Control Subsystem；(5) it inputs Gas purification subsystem；(6) culture solution output and harvesting subsystem.
The system according to the present invention, the device is for cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, such as microalgae.
The system according to the present invention, the culture medium is used to prepare photosynthetic microorganism, such as microalgae with subsystem, raw Long required culture medium.
The system according to the present invention, the medium pH value Monitor And Control Subsystem include pH value measuring instrumentss, signal feedback Device and CO2Control valve.When pH is higher than setting value, is fed back by signal, make CO2Control valve is opened, and is passed through to culture solution CO2Making the pH value of culture solution reduces；When the pH of culture solution is lower than setting value, is fed back by signal, make CO2It controls valve closing. In this way, by pH value measurement, signal feedback and valve control, it can be achieved that the automatic control to medium pH value.Of the invention is In system, however not excluded that the setting of " using other pH adjusting agents ".
The system according to the present invention, the culture-liquid temp Monitor And Control Subsystem include temperature measuring instrument, signal feedback Device and temperature control equipment (circulating pump or water spray system) are fed back by signal when temperature is higher than setting value, make to recycle Culture solution is recycled in the heat exchanger outside culture apparatus by pump startup, carries out heat exchange cooling, to realize steady to culture-liquid temp Fixed reliable control；Or it when temperature is higher than setting value, is fed back by signal, starts water spray system, to the closing The lower surface of breeding spaces is sprayed water, to realize the control reliable and stable to culture-liquid temp.
The system according to the present invention, the culture solution output and harvesting subsystem are used to terminate when photosynthetic microorganism culture When, it is conveyed out the closing breeding spaces and by photosynthetic microorganism, such as microalgae recovery.
It, according to actual needs, can be in addition, in order to preferably observe the growth conditions of condition of culture and photosynthetic microorganism It is dense that dissolved oxygen probes, hygrosensor, Light-Intensity Detector, conductivity detector, photosynthetic microorganism are set in culture apparatus The various instruments for being used to observe condition of culture and photosynthetic microorganism growth conditions known to those skilled in the art such as degree detector One of or it is a variety of, to observe and monitor parameters in real time.
By above-mentioned system, realize the stability contorting to condition of culture with can be convenient, thus efficiently, reliably, it is low at Local culture photosynthetic microorganism.
(3) method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism is utilized
The present invention provides a kind of methods using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, wherein uses aforementioned any device Or aforementioned any system.
According to the method for the present invention, in the device preferably used, the bracket by two supporting surfaces in Λ shape arrange and At the angle of the intersection and north-south of the supporting surface and horizontal plane is φ, and φ is 0 °~15 ° (preferably 0 °)；And it is described Bracket is multiple (such as > 20 or > 100 or > 500 or > 1000), and each bracket is adjacently positioned, basic or complete All standing ground.According to the method for the present invention, both be different from it is existing covering ground to avoid light leakage method, also different from Sunniness direction changes and the method that frequently adjusts bioreactor arranged direction, and the present invention is using the design of specific device And arranged direction, appropriateness " adjusting " sunlight irradiate most strong period dispersion dilution intensity of illumination in sunlight, and in other periods By direct light and scattering optical culture, more preferably culture effect can be not only obtained；And more convenient control cultivation temperature, it saves The material consumption and/or energy consumption of incubation.
Preferred embodiment according to the method for the present invention had both been different from raceway pond driving culture solution " high speed " movement, also not It is same as plate-type reactor and generally leans on pneumatic mixed-culture medium, be more different from the prior art and be only mixed in single reactor The mode of liquid；Under special designing of the invention, drive culture solution to recycle between the closing breeding spaces compared with low velocity, The whole culture effect of photosynthetic microorganism can be significantly improved.Preferred embodiment according to the method for the present invention, driving culture solution exist It is recycled between the closing breeding spaces, internal circulating load < 10V/h (can be 2V/h~5V/h or 5V/h~9V/h), V are closing The volume of breeding spaces.
According to the method for the present invention, the photosynthetic microorganism is photosynthetic bacteria or microalgae.
According to the method for the present invention, the microalgae is selected from Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Cyanophyta, Pyrrhophyta, Euglena One of door, Cryptophyta and Xanthophyta.Preferably, the microalgae is selected from one of Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta.
According to the method for the present invention, the microalgae is preferably green alga or cyanobacteria, such as chlorella, scenedesmus, single needle algae, Micractinium pusillum Or spirulina etc..
Micro algae growth needs necessary condition, such as suitable temperature, sufficient illumination, enough water, CO2And nitrogen The nutriments such as fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, regulate and control that dissolved oxygen in algae solution, pH value is in suitable range etc..Although for different microalgaes, These conditions are not quite similar, but these are all known in the art.
In general, cultivation temperature is 15~40 DEG C, preferably 25~35 DEG C；Medium pH value is 5~11, preferably 7 ~9.
According to the method for the present invention, the carbon source used is inorganic carbon source and optional organic carbon source.
According to the method for the present invention, when training method is photoautotrophy or mixotrophic cultivation, the inorganic carbon source used is preferably Containing CO2Gas, such as air.
According to the method for the present invention, aeration quantity is generally 0.5L/ (Lmin)~6L/ (Lmin), preferably 0.8L/ (Lmin)~4L/ (Lh).Wherein, L/ (Lmin) refers to the aeration quantity per minute for every liter of culture solution, is aerated volume Based on standard state.
According to the method for the present invention, when training method is mixotrophic cultivation, organic carbon source used can be selected from carbohydrate, organic Acid, acylate, alcohol, cellulose hydrolysate and one or more of with glucidtemns；For example it can be selected from glucose, fruit One or more of sugar, acetic acid, sodium acetate, lactic acid, ethyl alcohol, methanol, cellulose hydrolysate and cellulose hydrolysate, preferably Selection is glucose.
According to the method for the present invention, when training method is mixotrophic cultivation, sterilization treatment first should be carried out to culture apparatus, then Aseptic culture medium could be accessed and sterile algae is carried out and supported.The present invention is not particularly limited disinfecting action, any known Suitable method can be for used in the present invention, such as high-temp steam sterilizing or ultraviolet light sterilizing etc..Since the present invention adopts With with flexible film pouch, it is possible to easily by all flexible film pouch as sterilizing in steam sterilizing equipment, then It is used further to cultivate.
According to the method for the present invention, for culture solution, those skilled in the art can select suitable training according to specific algae Nutrient solution.Culture solution commonly used in the art can be for used in the present invention, such as BG11 or Zarrouk.
According to the Expenditure Levels of nutriment in the growth pattern of photosynthetic microorganism (such as microalgae) biomass and culture solution, Need to be replenished in time insufficient nutriment.According to the present invention, any mode for adding nutriment is all available, for example is divided Section is added or is continuously added, as long as controlling the amount of nutriment in suitable range.
According to the method for the present invention, when the pH value of culture solution grows permitted range beyond photosynthetic microorganism (such as microalgae) When, preferably pass through control CO2Aeration quantity controls the pH value of algae solution in suitable range, but the present invention can be used or not Use pH adjusting agent.
According to the method for the present invention, when training method is mixotrophic cultivation, the concentration of organic carbon source used is controlled in 1g/L algae Liquid~30g/L algae solution.Than advantageous in such a way that stream adds, the growth of microalgae cell can be inhibited to avoid sugared excessive concentration.
(4) integrated processes of photosynthetic microorganism and industrial waste gas denitration are cultivated
The present invention provides a kind of integrated processes using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism and industrial waste gas denitration, especially Utilize the integrated processes of sunlight culture microalgae and industrial waste gas denitration；In this method, fixed with the NOx that industrial exhaust gas denitration obtains Object provides nitrogen source for aforementioned any cultural method.
In the method (especially and method of feeding microalgae) of culture photosynthetic microorganism of the invention, nitrogen source is by photosynthetic microorganism It rapidly depletes, matches the wear rate of nitrogen source more with the rate of industrial waste gas denitration, to make cultural method of the invention more It is suitble to combine with the method for industrial waste gas denitration.
(5) method of biomass and the method for production bioenergy are produced
The present invention provides a kind of methods for producing biomass, including fluid composition, albumen are extracted from photosynthetic microorganism The step of one of matter, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, pigment, vitamin, growth factor or any combination thereof；Wherein, described photosynthetic Microorganism is obtained by aforementioned any method.
The fluid composition is mainly made of hydrocarbon and/or grease (fatty glyceride), can be by successive or same When broken wall is carried out to oil-producing microalgae, extracting obtains.Existing technological means can be used to complete for the broken wall, for example utilize One of heat, mechanical force, alkali, acid, enzyme or their combination carry out broken wall.The extracting can using organic solvent such as oneself Alkane is stripped, or uses CO2Carry out supercritical extraction.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for producing bioenergy, raw material is obtained by the method for aforementioned production biomass ?.
Below in conjunction with the common segment in the Detailed description of the invention present invention and embodiment.
In embodiment, closing breeding spaces are made of transparent polypropylene/nylon composite film bag；As shown in Figure 1, long up and down 100cm, the thickness about 8cm for controlling width 50cm, thickness；Be heat-sealed inside it line be separated into 4 vertically extend it is small The upper and lower part in space, these small spaces is interconnected；It is 13cm positioned at its lowest part width of the small space in outside, topmost is wide Degree is 10cm；The bottom of the closing breeding spaces is provided with aeration tube 100, aeration tube 100 is 10mm, thickness of pipe wall by pipe outside diameter Degree is made of the rubber tube of 1mm, and the aeration that length is 1mm is provided on aeration tube and is stitched.
In embodiment, bracket is frame made of reinforcing bar；As shown in Fig. 2, bracket is arranged in Λ shape, upward two sides Frame constitutes supporting surface, and each supporting surface respectively supports a closing breeding spaces；As shown in Fig. 2, the folder of supporting surface and horizontal plane Angle is equal, is θ, the angle of the intersection and north-south of supporting surface and horizontal plane is φ.In actual production, each supporting surface can also To support multiple closing breeding spaces.
In embodiment, the device of one group of (two) closing breeding spaces of installation is as shown in figure 3, two are closed breeding spaces Bottom is interconnected (being not drawn into figure) by communicating pipe.
In embodiment, the device of four groups of (eight) closing breeding spaces of installation is as shown in figure 4, this eight closing breeding spaces Bottom by communicating pipe be interconnected (being not drawn into figure), and be provided with outer circulation pump driving culture solution cultivated in eight closings It is recycled between space；Each group is closed breeding spaces and (in the present invention, is supported closing in a row in a row, close arrangement adjacent to each other The concentration for growing space layout is known as closeness).In actual production, closing breeding spaces can be hundreds and thousands of groups, in more Row, close arrangement adjacent to each other.
In embodiment, during the cultivation process, by the temperature of temperature detection galvanic couple real-time monitoring culture solution, when temperature is higher than When setting value, culture solution is recycled in heat exchanger shown in fig. 5, carries out heat exchange cooling, or under closing breeding spaces Surface spray cooling, thus realize the control reliable and stable to culture-liquid temp, it in this way will culture by detection and signal feedback Liquid temperature controls in suitable range.
In embodiment, before cultivating photosynthetic microorganism, sterilization treatment is carried out to culture systems first；Then culture solution is prepared And sterilization treatment is carried out to it；The culture solution after sterilizing is delivered in closing breeding spaces with delivery pump；Open air compression Machine is passed through air into closing breeding spaces, and the air capacity being passed through is 0.5L/ (Lmin)~6L/ (Lmin)；Then it accesses Photosynthetic microorganism starts to cultivate.
In embodiment, during the cultivation process, by the pH value of pH detector real-time monitoring algae solution, when pH value is higher than setting value When, it is fed back by signal and opens CO2Gas control valve is sent into CO into culture solution2；When medium pH value is lower than setting value, It is fed back by signal and closes CO2Gas control valve is in this way controlled the pH value of culture solution suitable by detection and signal feedback In the range of.
In embodiment, at the end of culture, culture solution is delivered to centrifuge with pump, it is photosynthetic micro- by being centrifugally separating to obtain Biology.
Algae solution OD value (OD value) measurement: OD value spectrophotometric determination is compared with distilled water, measures algae Light absorption value of the liquid in certain wave strong point, index as microalgae concentration.
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using device culture spirulina shown in Fig. 3.In incubation, φ is 0 °, and θ is 80 °；ImaxAbout 60000lux ~160000lux.
Using Zarrouk culture solution, and the 30min that sterilizes that carries out disinfection at 120 DEG C, it is spare after cooling.To each culture Culture solution is inputted in space, opens air compressor, sky is passed through by the ventilatory capacity of 0.7L/Lmin (gas volume is based on standard state) Gas.The static pressure for closing breeding spaces bottommost is about 7.5KPa, and solarization air cap starts to expose when the pressure in aeration tube is 9.75KPa Gas.Access spirulina is cultivated.Pass through CO when algae solution pH value is greater than 10.52, stop being passed through when algae solution pH value is less than 8.5 CO2.Cultivation temperature is controlled between 26 DEG C~35 DEG C by way of in closing breeding spaces lower surface water spray.
At the end of culture, the OD value of two closing breeding spaces is respectively 8.96,9.28, one of closing breeding spaces Growth of spirulina platensis curve it is as shown in Figure 6.
Comparative example 1
Using method and condition same as Example 1, identical spirulina is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 1 the difference is that only: flexible transparent film bag same as Example 1 be divided into 4 vertically extend it is small Space.After pouring into culture solution, which generates many folds and dead angle.
At the end of culture, the OD value of two closing breeding spaces is respectively 7.21,7.35, one of closing breeding spaces Spirulina growth curve it is as shown in Figure 6.As seen from Figure 6, it since there is folds and dead angle for closing breeding spaces, supports It is poor to grow effect.
Comparative example 2
Using method and condition same as Example 1, identical spirulina is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 1 the difference is that only: aerator is the plastic conduit for the solarization air cap for aperture being 1mm.Close breeding spaces most The static pressure of bottom is about 7.5KPa, and when the air pressure in aeration tube is 8.25KPa, part solarization air cap starts to be aerated, but simultaneously There is part solarization air cap not to be aerated.
At the end of culture, the OD value of two closing breeding spaces is respectively 7.11,7.21, one of closing breeding spaces Spirulina growth curve it is as shown in Figure 6.As seen from Figure 6, it since the aeration of aeration tube in breeding process is uneven, supports It is poor to grow effect.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using method and condition same as Example 1, identical spirulina is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 1 the difference is that only: use device shown in Fig. 4.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 8.95,9.35,9.29,9.18,9.83,9.25, 9.80 9.04；Wherein the growth of spirulina platensis curve of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 7.
Comparative example 3
Using method and condition same as Example 2, identical spirulina is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 2 the difference is that only: in incubation, eight closing breeding spaces are parallel to each other, perpendicular to the ground and plane of illumination face south Side's arrangement (i.e. θ is 90 °, and φ is 90 °), eight closing breeding spaces are with closeness interval same as Example 2.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 6.01,6.25,6.21,6.78,6.61,5.97, 6.29 6.08；Wherein the growth curve of the spirulina of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 7.
Comparative example 4
Using method and condition same as Example 2, identical spirulina is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 2 the difference is that only: in incubation, eight closing breeding spaces are parallel to each other, perpendicular to the ground and plane of illumination face south Side's arrangement (i.e. θ is 90 °, and φ is 0 °), eight closing breeding spaces are with closeness interval same as Example 2.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 6.89,7.59,6.95,7.02,7.35,7.24, 7.69 7.09；Wherein the growth curve of the spirulina of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using device same as Example 2, method and condition, identical spirulina is cultivated on the identical date, it is different Place is only that: starting circulating pump, and driving culture solution recycles between eight closing breeding spaces, and culture solution internal circulating load is 1.5L/min。
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is 10.65, the spirulina of one of closing breeding spaces Growth curve is as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using device culture chlorella shown in Fig. 4.In incubation, φ is 0 °, and θ is 80 °；ImaxAbout 60000lux ~160000lux.
Using BG11 culture solution, and the 30min that sterilizes that carries out disinfection at 120 DEG C, it is spare after cooling.To each culture space Middle input culture solution opens air compressor, is passed through air by the ventilatory capacity of 0.7L/Lmin (gas volume is based on standard state). Access chlorella is cultivated.The static pressure for closing breeding spaces bottommost is 7.5KPa (for the innermost static pressure of culture solution), Pressure in aeration tube is that 9.75KPa (for 1.3 times of closing breeding spaces bottommost static pressure) access spirulina is cultivated.When Algae solution pH value passes through CO when being greater than 9.52, stop being passed through CO when algae solution pH value is less than 7.52.By in closing breeding spaces following table The mode of face water spray will cultivate temperature and control between 26 DEG C~35 DEG C.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 10.02,10.15,10.78,11.56,10.87, 10.05,11.21,10.94；Wherein the chlorella growth curve of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 8.
Comparative example 5
Using method and condition same as Example 4, identical chlorella is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 4 the difference is that only: in incubation, in incubation, eight closing breeding spaces are parallel to each other, perpendicular to the ground and light Face of showing up south arrangement (i.e. θ is 90 °, and φ is 90 °), eight closing breeding spaces are between closeness same as Example 2 Every.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 7.85,8.42,8.55,8.18,8.89,8.13, 8.57 8.81；Wherein the growth curve of the chlorella of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 8.
Comparative example 6
Using method and condition same as Example 4, identical chlorella is cultivated within the identical date, with embodiment 3 the difference is that only: in incubation, eight closing breeding spaces are parallel to each other, perpendicular to the ground and plane of illumination face south Side's arrangement (i.e. θ is 90 °, and φ is 0 °), eight closing breeding spaces are with closeness interval same as Example 2.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 8.04,8.55,8.28,8.58,8.89,8.97, 8.61 8.07；Wherein the growth curve of the chlorella of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using device same as Example 4, method and condition, identical chlorella is cultivated on the identical date, it is different Place is only that: starting circulating pump, and driving culture solution recycles between eight closing breeding spaces, and culture solution internal circulating load is 2L/ min。
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is 13.18, the chlorella of one of closing breeding spaces Growth curve is as shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using device same as Example 5, method and condition, chlorella is cultivated on the identical date, difference is only It is: uses the mixotrophic cultivation base culture of sterilizing, and the glucose that sterilizing is added adds glucose 10g/L, often as carbon source daily Its supplement BG11 nutritive salt, additional amount make 2 times of the nutrient concentration BG11 in culture solution.
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is respectively 50.70, and 55.57,54.41,57.44, 59.21,53.25,55.78,51.44；Wherein the chlorella growth curve of the one closing breeding spaces in middle part is as shown in Figure 9.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the effect of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Using device same as Example 6, method and condition, identical chlorella is cultivated on the identical date, it is different Place is only that: φ is 90 °, starts circulating pump, and driving culture solution is recycled in 8 closing breeding spaces, and culture solution internal circulating load is 3L/min。
At the end of culture, the OD value of eight closing breeding spaces is 60.72；The chlorella of one of closing breeding spaces Growth curve is as shown in Figure 9.
Comparative example 7
Using device same as Example 5, method and condition, in the identical chlorella of identical date mixotrophic cultivation, The difference is that only: φ is 90 °, and θ is 20 °；Only with a closing breeding spaces culture, sunlight is in the light of closing breeding spaces Maximum intensity of illumination on showing up reaches 160000lux.
Chlorella growth curve is as shown in Figure 9.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of device using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, comprising: (1) the closing cultivation being made of flexible transparent film bag Space, the small space that the closing breeding spaces are longitudinally separated into 10mm~200mm wide and vertically extend, these prolong The space stretched is interconnected at the top and bottom of it, and the width for being located at the small space lower part of two sides is greater than the width on top；(2) The entrance of several conveyings for gases and liquids；(3) it is located at the aerator of the closing breeding spaces bottom；(4) it uses In the bracket for fixing and/or supporting the closing breeding spaces.
2. device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the closing breeding spaces with a thickness of 10mm~200mm, Preferably 20mm~100mm；And/or
The length of the closing breeding spaces is 200mm~2000mm, preferably 600mm~1200mm；And/or
The separation of the closing breeding spaces is to be formed by hot-sealing line along the rectangular flexible transparent film bag of straight line separated, intermediate Hot-sealing line be parallel to the side of the rectangular flexible transparent film bag.
3. device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the aerator of multiple closing breeding spaces is unified Control, and only in aerator air pressure inside P >=1.2P0When be just aerated, P0It is supported for the closing breeding spaces in design The hydraulic pressure of bottommost under the amount of growing；And/or
Multiple closing breeding spaces are interconnected in cultivation liquid level below by way of pipeline；And/or
It is provided with the culture liquid cycle subsystem that driving culture solution recycles between multiple closing breeding spaces.
4. device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the bracket is arranged by two supporting surfaces in Λ shape； The angle of the supporting surface and horizontal plane is θ, and θ is greater than 30 ° to less than 90 °, preferably 70 ° to 85 °, and the supporting surface is used In the support closing breeding spaces；With
When the closing breeding spaces are multiple (such as > 20), each bracket is adjacently positioned, and substantially or entirely covers ground.
5. a kind of system using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, comprising: (1) any device in Claims 1 to 4； (2) culture medium match subsystem；(3) medium pH value Monitor And Control Subsystem；(4) culture-liquid temp Monitor And Control Subsystem；(5) it inputs Gas purification subsystem；(6) culture solution output and harvesting subsystem.
6. a kind of method using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism, which is characterized in that using any described in Claims 1 to 4 Device or claim 5 described in systematic cultivation photosynthetic microorganism.
7. according to the method for claim 6, which is characterized in that use device as claimed in claim 4；Wherein, the branch The angle of the intersection and north-south of support face and horizontal plane is φ, and φ is 0 °~15 °；And/or
Imax > 40000lux, preferably greater than > 60000lux, more preferable > 80000lux, further preferred > 100000lux.
8. according to the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that driving culture solution multiple closing breeding spaces it Between recycle, internal circulating load < 10V/h, V be close breeding spaces volume.
9. according to the method for claim 6, which is characterized in that the photosynthetic microorganism is microalgae；And/or
Breeding way is mixotrophic cultivation；And/or
Aeration quantity is 0.5L/ (Lmin)~6L/ (Lmin), preferably 0.8L/ (Lmin)~4L/ (Lh).
10. a kind of integrated processes using sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism and industrial waste gas denitration, which is characterized in that use Industry Waste The NOx fixture that qi exhaustion nitre obtains provides nitrogen source for method for claim 6.
11. a kind of method for producing biomass, including extract from photosynthetic microorganism fluid composition, protein, carbohydrate, The step of one of nucleic acid, pigment, vitamin, growth factor or any combination thereof；Wherein, the photosynthetic microorganism is wanted by right The method for asking 6 or 10 obtains.
12. a kind of method for producing bioenergy, which is characterized in that raw material method as described in claim 11 obtains.
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