CN105779272A - Overflow tilting novel microalgae culture system - Google Patents
Overflow tilting novel microalgae culture system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105779272A CN105779272A CN201410820319.9A CN201410820319A CN105779272A CN 105779272 A CN105779272 A CN 105779272A CN 201410820319 A CN201410820319 A CN 201410820319A CN 105779272 A CN105779272 A CN 105779272A
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Abstract
The invention provides an overflow tilting novel microalgae culture system. The culture system comprises an inclined plate subsystem and a microalgae solution circulation subsystem. The inclined plate subsystem contains an inclined plate for supporting a microalgae solution thin-layer, a support frame for supporting the inclined plate and an overflow device used for receiving a microalgae solution and supplying the microalgae solution to the inclined plate. The microalgae solution circulating subsystem contains a device used for conveying the microalgae solution to the overflow device and a collecting unit used for collecting the microalgae solution flowing off from the inclined plate device. The invention also relates to a microalgae culture method. According to the culture method, a microalgae solution is conveyed into an overflow groove through a microalgae solution conveying power source, and the microalgae solution overflows along the inclined plate into a microalgae accumulating groove under the effect of gravity, so as to realize microalgae culture. The culture system of the invention has a simple structure, is low-cost, is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and is simple to operate. What is more crucial is that the culture system has large unit-volume microalgae solution sunlight area and good sunlight illuminating angle so as to effectively enhance light use efficiency of microalgae cells and microalgae cell growth rate. Thus, low-cost, large-scale, high-density and efficient culture of microalgae is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of microalga biology, relate to a kind of overflow tilting Novel microalgae culture system and the method adopting this system to carry out microdisk electrode.
Background technology
The multiple high added value materials such as microalgae rich in proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acid and carotenoid, microalgae has absorbed nitrogen/phosphorus simultaneously, and accumulates the ability of oils and fats in incubation.Therefore, microalgae has a wide range of applications in all many-sides such as food, bait, feedstuff, environmental protection and bioenergies.Particularly in recent years in bioenergy, microalgae is considered as raw material prepared by the bio-fuels such as the biodiesel of most application prospect；Additionally, microalgae carbon sequestration and microalgae process also very huge rich in the potentiality of nitrogen/phosphorus waste water.
Bioreactor is the core apparatus that microalgae light autotrophy is cultivated.The bioreactor being presently used for the cultivation of microalgae light autotrophy has open type and closed two kinds.
The advantages such as open type microalgae culture system (raceway pond and circle pond) also exists simple in construction, it is easy, easy to operate to build and operating cost is low.But, open type pond also exists more shortcoming, as slow in frustule growth, algae cell density relatively low (usual algae cell density < 1.0g/L), it is subject to the impact of external environmental condition, condition of culture is difficult to control to, it is easy to be subject to the pollution of the harmful organisms such as protozoacide.Meanwhile, relatively low algae cell density can cause higher cost of gathering.Compared with open type microalgae culture system, closed photo bioreactor has condition of culture and stablizes controlled, frustule growth rate is fast and algae cell density advantages of higher, but closed photo bioreactor also exists investment, runs and the problem such as maintenance cost height and amplification difficulty so that they are difficult to large-scale application at present and cultivate in the light autotrophy of non-high added value microalgae (energy microalgae).Therefore, closed photo bioreactor is currently mainly applied to the algal species cultivation of microalgae and the cultivation of high added value microalgae (such as Haematocoocus Pluvialls).
The light path of bioreactor and unit volume illuminating area are the key factors affecting reactor performance.It is said that in general, light path is more short and the illuminating area of unit volume algae solution is more big, the performance of bioreactor is more excellent, and the growth rate of frustule is more fast, and algae cell density is more high.At present, in open type pond, the algae solution degree of depth is generally about 15～30cm, and can fully accept the region of illumination only on the top layer of algae solution, only about several centimetres, most frustule is in dark space (the minimum light intensity that light intensity is required lower than frustule growth), illumination cannot be accepted fully, cause that frustule cannot be carried out photosynthesis and fast-growth effectively.Closed photo bioreactor, such as tubular type bioreactor, the light path of pillar bioreactor and flat plate photobioreactor is typically in about 5cm～20cm.Compared with open type culture systems, the light path of closed photo bioreactor is relatively small, bigger than illuminating area.Although, frustule can obtain higher density in closed photo bioreactor, but the equipment investment of enclosed bioreactor is very big, it is difficult to scale is applied to the cultivation of general low value microalgae.Meanwhile, under higher algae cell density, light attenuation degree in algae solution increases, and is generally only capable of penetrating algae solution layer about 1-2cm.Therefore, the light path of closed photo bioreactor is still excessive, and under higher algae cell density, major part frustule is subject to light restriction still in dark space.
Light receiving surface in order to increase microalgae culture system amasss, and improves the luminous energy that single algae cell obtains, and some researcheres are taken measures on customs clearance and microalgae culture system has been transformed.
The patent of " low head for large-scale culturing micro-algae opens pond and using method thereof and purposes " (CN101948740A) of the application such as Cong Wei provides the open pond of low head that a kind of microalgae shallow-layer is cultivated, and the degree of depth of algae solution is only 1-10cm.
Flat with closed for open raceway pond or pillar bioreactor are connected and are formed coupled system by " a kind of device for microalgae mass cultivation and cultural method " (CN102206570A) of the medium application of Liu Tian, improve growth rate and the algae cell density of frustule in open raceway pond to a certain extent.
Zhang Chengwu etc. propose " a kind of raceway pond bioreactor " (CN202246641U) and " a kind of raceway pond bioreactor realizing micro-algae large-scale cultivation " (CN102304462A), and " algae solution spraying technique " and " refrigeration technique " etc. is applied to raceway pond.Applicant claims this combination type raceway pond to improve the photosynthetic efficiency of frustule, solves the problems such as culture fluid cooling, it may be achieved the high density of microalgae and pilot scale culture.
Zhang Chengwu etc. also proposed one " a kind of photo-bioreactor system realizing oil-producing microalgae pilot scale culture " (CN102296024A), and this device utilizes the dual function of gas lift power and gravity that algae solution is circulated between flat plate photobioreactor and tilting thin layer open pond.This thin layer tilts the algae solution degree of depth in open pond less than 1cm, and its angle of inclination with horizontal plane is only 1 °-3 °.
The strong group of fault proposes " continuous multi-layer formula solid microalgae culture system and method " (CN103255047A), multiple open type microdisk electrode containers arrange in spatial vertical, being delivered in the highest microdisk electrode container by pump equal power device by algae solution, then algae solution relies on action of gravity to sequentially pass through multiple microdisk electrode vessel back to tank.This micro algae culturing device can realize microalgae and utilize spatial light to shine into row growth, improves the frustule yield in unit occupied area.The microalgae culture system of the studies above person's design or exploitation; improve the light receiving surface of unit algae solution in culture systems to a certain extent to amass; but the long-pending raising degree of unit algae solution light receiving surface, make full use of space light levels, low cost is built and equal Shortcomings in scale application etc., it is difficult to meet the requirement that microalgae low cost, high density and high efficiency are cultivated.
In order to make full use of spatial light photograph to a greater degree, improve the frustule realize micro-algae large-scale, high density and high efficiency to the utilization ratio of luminous energy, low cost and cultivate.Therefore, this area need nonetheless remain for a kind of simple, low cost and has the bigger Novel microalgae culture system than illuminating area.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that reduce algae solution thickness (light path) in microalgae light autotrophy incubation, increase algae solution light-receiving area, make frustule energy fully receiving space illumination, to realize the low cost of microalgae, high density and high efficiency cultivation.
Specifically, a kind of system for microdisk electrode of the present invention, described system includes:
(1) swash plate subsystem, including supporting the swash plate of algae solution thin layer, supporting the bracing frame of swash plate and for receiving algae solution and algae solution being supplied to the overflow mechanism of swash plate；With
(2) algae solution recirculation subsystem, including the device for algae solution is transported to overflow mechanism, and collects the collection device of the algae solution flowed down from sloping plate unit.
In a specific embodiment, the material of bracing frame is selected from metal, plastics, timber and concrete.
In a specific embodiment, there is chimb the both sides of swash plate, and the material of plate is selected from transparent or opaque plastic film, lucite, glass, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate and concrete.
In a specific embodiment, swash plate is provided with constricted flow member, to strengthen algae solution time by illumination on swash plate, simultaneously can so that algae solution distribution on swash plate be more uniform.
In a specific embodiment, swash plate is provided with interval striped or constricted flow member so that frustule experiences area of illumination and dark space in swash plate flooding process, it is achieved the Dark-light cycle of frustule.
In a specific embodiment, the angle of inclination of swash plate is fixed, or scalable；Thickness and the algae solution holdup time on swash plate of algae solution layer can be changed by regulating the angle of inclination of swash plate.
In a specific embodiment, swash plate being coated with clear layer, the material of clear layer includes but not limited to overlay, lucite and glass；Forming the cavity body of closing between clear layer and swash plate, algae solution flows in cavity body；The cavity bottom formed between the two at swash plate and transparent membrane passes into pure CO2Or CO2With the mixing gas of air, gas and algae solution form adverse current in cavity body, improve gas-liquid mass transfer and strengthen the mixing of algae solution；
In a specific embodiment, swash plate surface-coated or lay reflective liner, for instance the reflective liner of white, reflective absorbs for frustule to increase；
In a specific embodiment, culture systems also includes the device of storage algae solution.
In a specific embodiment, the device for algae solution is transported to overflow mechanism includes: algae solution transmitting power source such as pump, and algae solution conveyance conduit or groove；
In a specific embodiment, collection device for collecting the algae solution flowed down from sloping plate unit includes: for collecting long-pending algae groove or the pipeline of the algae solution flowed down from each swash plate, and is used for collecting the algae solution collecting tank from each long-pending algae groove or the algae solution of pipeline outflow or pipeline.
In a specific embodiment, the device flowing back to storage algae solution from the algae solution of each long-pending algae groove or pipeline via algae solution collecting tank or pipeline is collected.
In a specific embodiment, the algae solution of the device flowing back to storage algae solution can be circulated to swash plate again.
In a specific embodiment, storage tank and various groove or pipeline are made up of transparent or transparent materials, selected from glass, lucite, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate and concrete.
In a specific embodiment, algae solution collecting tank or pipeline and long-pending algae groove or pipeline can be the forms such as water channel, ditch, water channel；
In a specific embodiment, algae solution collecting tank or pipeline are provided with the filter elements such as drainage screen, filter cloth, sieve volume, to realize effectively concentrating or gathering microalgae cell；
In a specific embodiment, the device of algae solution collecting tank or pipeline, long-pending algae groove or pipeline and storage algae solution can be an overall pond, includes but not limited to raceway pond, circle pond etc..
In a specific embodiment, described microalgae culture system forms coupling cultivation system with raceway pond, circle pond, pillar bioreactor or flat plate photobioreactor.
In a specific embodiment, described sloping plate unit and algae solution circulation device vertically and horizontally arrange or vertical riser arrangement, form the culture systems of scale.
In a specific embodiment; the culture systems of described scale generally includes the cultivation subsystem (regulating the flow velocity of algae solution and the thickness of algae solution layer according to illumination, temperature, water temperature condition) for microalgae normal growth; and the cultivation subsystem (control operating parameter and realize the high flow velocity of algae solution and low algae solution layer thickness) for microalgae high-concentration culturing or concentration; the culture systems of the present invention can be not only used for the cultivation of microalgae normal growth, it is also possible in high-concentration culturing or the concentration of microalgae.
In a detailed description of the invention, the culture systems of the present invention is cultivated for the light autotrophy of microalgae.
In a detailed description of the invention, the invention provides a kind of culture systems for microdisk electrode, described culture systems includes:
As supporting the sloping plate unit of algae solution thin layer, storage tank, overflow launder, algae solution conveying pipe (groove), long-pending algae groove, algae solution collecting tank, pump or the various algae solution transmitting power sources such as gas lift (Air-lift) formula and other algae solution mode of movement, and optional intelligent regulating system.
In one embodiment, described swash plate main body is made up of bracing frame and plate.
In one embodiment, support frame as described above is used for gripper shoe, and the material of bracing frame includes but not limited to metal, plastics, timber, concrete etc..
In one embodiment, described plate is used for supporting algae solution thin layer, and there is chimb the both sides of swash plate, and the material of plate includes but not limited to transparent or opaque plastic film, lucite, glass, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..
In one embodiment, swash plate is provided with constricted flow member, to strengthen algae solution time by illumination on swash plate, simultaneously can so that algae solution distribution on swash plate be more uniform.
In one embodiment, swash plate is arranged above interval striped or constricted flow member so that frustule experiences area of illumination and dark space in swash plate flooding process, it is achieved the Dark-light cycle of frustule.
In one embodiment, the angle of swash plate is fixing maybe can be adjusted, and regulates swash plate angle to change thickness and the algae solution holdup time on swash plate of algae solution layer.
In one embodiment, can being coated with clear layer above swash plate, the material of clear layer includes but not limited to overlay, lucite and glass etc..Clear layer forms, with swash plate, the cavity body closed, and algae solution flows in cavity body, the pure CO of bottom ventilation at swash plate Yu transparent membrane2Or CO2With the mixing gas of air, gas and algae solution form adverse current in cavity body, significantly increase gas-liquid mass transfer system and strengthen the mixing of algae solution.
In one embodiment, swash plate surface can be coated with or lay white or other reflective liners, reflective for frustule absorption to increase.
In one embodiment, overflow launder, storage tank, algae solution collecting tank, long-pending algae groove, algae solution conveying pipe (groove) are made up of transparent or transparent materials, include but not limited to glass, lucite, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..
In one embodiment, algae solution collecting tank and long-pending algae groove can be the forms such as conventional water channel, ditch, water channel.
In one embodiment, algae solution collecting tank can be provided with the filter elements such as drainage screen, filter cloth, sieve volume, it is achieved effectively gathering to some microalgae cell.
In one embodiment, algae solution collecting tank, long-pending algae groove and storage tank can be overall ponds, include but not limited to raceway pond, circle pond etc..
In one embodiment, this microalgae culture system can form coupling cultivation system with raceway pond, circle pond, pillar bioreactor or flat plate photobioreactor.
In one embodiment, multiple overflow tilting microdisk electrode unit carry out vertically and horizontally arrangement or vertical riser arrangement, it is possible to form the culture systems of scale.
In one embodiment; the culture systems of scale by the cultivation subsystem (relying on the flow velocity of adjustment algae solution and the thickness of algae solution layer according to illumination, temperature, water temperature condition) for microalgae normal growth, and can be used for cultivation subsystem (regulate operating parameter and control algae solution high flow rate and the low algae solution layer thickness) composition of microalgae high-concentration culturing or concentration.
In one embodiment, this culture systems can utilize the natural land system such as hillside fields, terraced fields and condition, saves construction cost.
The invention provides a kind of corresponding microalgae culture method, described method includes:
By pump or gas lift (Air-lift) system or other algae solution mode of movement, the algae solution in storage tank is delivered in overflow launder through piping or channel, algae solution is under gravity, it flow in the long-pending algae groove of algae solution along swash plate overflow, then flow in algae solution storage tank through algae solution collecting tank, so circulate.
In one embodiment, manually control pump and valve to regulate algae solution flow, maybe can also automatically control pump and valve to regulate algae solution flow by intelligence system according to intensity of illumination, temperature, frustule concentration, and it is consistent to control, in conjunction with the angular adjustment of swash plate, the optimal conditions that under algae solution thickness on swash plate and flow velocity irradiate with sunlight, frustule growth is required.So can realizing according to many factors complex optimums such as illumination condition, algae solution layer thickness (light path), temperature and water temperature, frustule concentration, frustule growth stages, reaching maximum frustule Biomass increases.
In one embodiment, at cultivation stage, timing supplements fresh culture medium or water in storage tank, to make up the water yield of evaporation on daytime.When frustule reaches certain density, it is in when harvest stages, stops supplementing fresh water in microalgae culture system, utilize the irradiation of sunlight, rely on the evaporation of moisture that frustule is concentrated, to realize gathering of frustule.
In one embodiment; when frustule is cultivated in pilot scale culture system; first cultivate in the culture systems for frustule normal growth, after frustule reaches finite concentration, transfer to and the culture systems for microalgae high-concentration culturing or concentration carries out cultivate or concentrate.
In the present invention, the overflow launder on swash plate top is made up of the various materials with certain mechanical strength, and the size of overflow launder, shape and structure are not limit.
In one embodiment, swash plate is coated with layer of transparent layer, between transparent cover layer and swash plate, forms the cavity body for algae solution flowing.Cover layer is possible not only to form closed system so that the cultivation of microalgae, reduce external environment (dust storm, rainwater, assorted algae etc.) to frustule cultivate adverse effect (pollution etc. of harmful organisms), reduce evaporation of water amount, and pure CO can be passed in the bottom that swash plate and clear layer form cavity2Or CO2In cavity body, form reverse flow with the mixing gas of air, the gas of floating and the algae solution of flow down, significantly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and strengthen the mixing of algae solution.
In the present invention, algae solution conveying equipment is the device (such as gas-lifting type system) of various types of pump or other lifting liquid.The conveying pipe of algae solution can be the pipeline of various material and caliber.The upper installation valve of pipeline is to regulate algae solution flow.
The overflow tilting Novel microalgae culture system of present invention design, spatial light can be utilized fully to shine, increase the light-receiving area of algae solution significantly, there is the light path (only 1-5cm) of relatively low algae solution so that frustule is in light district to realize the growth of high density high efficiency.Additionally, easy structure, shirtsleeve operation mode, and the making of low cost and operating cost so that it is can apply to extensive, the low cost of microalgae and high efficiency is cultivated.
The present invention and above-mentioned each invention also exist significant difference.
" low head for large-scale culturing micro-algae opens pond and using method thereof and purposes " (CN101948740A) of the application such as above-mentioned Cong Wei, only improve the light-receiving area of unit algae solution reducing the algae solution degree of depth in raceway pond, the liquid amount sacrificing raceway pond is cost, the frustule that can realize higher density is cultivated, but cannot realize the raising of frustule productivity in unit occupied area.Meanwhile, this application is not involved with utilizing spatial light according to the light-receiving area improving microalgae culture system.
Open raceway pond is connected with closed photo bioreactor and is formed coupled system by " a kind of device for microalgae mass cultivation and cultural method " (CN102206570A) of the medium proposition of above-mentioned Liu Tian, only the respective advantage with closed photo bioreactor in unlimited pond is carried out complementation, although adds somewhat to the light-receiving area of algae solution, but its increasing degree being limited.Additionally, this device also cannot utilize the illumination in space, improve the light-receiving area of culture systems.Meanwhile, closed photo bioreactor investment, operation and maintenance cost are high, it is difficult to carry out the low cost of microalgae, high efficiency and pilot scale culture.
Algae solution in raceway pond is delivered in shower by pump or gas-lifting type system by " algae solution spraying technique " of adopting in " a kind of raceway pond bioreactor " (CN202246641U) and " a kind of raceway pond bioreactor realizing micro-algae large-scale cultivation " (CN102304462A) of above-mentioned Zhang Chengwu etc.; then pass through shower and spread to space, to improve light transmission efficiency in algae solution.Although this invention utilizes spatial light according to adding algae solution light-receiving area, but 1) algae solution is directly spread down by shower or is flowed down with waterfall form by this invention, does not rely on the supporting members such as swash plate；Such algae solution time of staying in space is extremely short, and algae solution flows down with drop or vertical waterfall form, and the developed area of algae solution is limited, it is difficult to make algae solution utilize spatial light to shine fully；2) this invention all have employed transparent plastic film under any condition the algae solution flowed down from shower to be kept apart, to prevent algae solution splash and to reduce the wind impact on spray, but transparent plastic foil can affect algae solution fully accepts illumination, is unfavorable for micro algae growth.
Above-mentioned Zhang Chengwu etc. also proposed one " a kind of photo-bioreactor system realizing oil-producing microalgae pilot scale culture " (CN102296024A), and this device utilizes the dual function of gas lift power and gravity that algae solution is circulated between flat plate photobioreactor and tilting thin layer open pond.Although this invention have employed the thin layer open pond of tilting and cultivates to realize shallow-layer frustule, but there is bigger difference with the present invention: 1) this application is based on the angle that closed photo bioreactor couples with open type culture systems and is designed, it does not have relate to and utilize spatial light to shine into the cultivation of row frustule；2) this invention adopts the power providing algae solution to circulate between flat plate photobioreactor and tilting thin layer open pond only with gas-lifting type system, it is difficult to meet the circulating load of extensive algae solution, it is difficult to realizes scale and amplifies；3) angle of inclination with horizontal plane in the open pond of thin layer inclination is only 1 °-3 °, and angle of inclination is too small, and the floor space causing culture systems is excessive, and then the one side floor space productivity of frustule is less, causes land resource to waste.
The strong group of above-mentioned fault proposes " continuous multi-layer formula solid microalgae culture system and method " (CN103255047A), spatial light is utilized to shine although this micro algae culturing device can realize microalgae, but, open type microdisk electrode container is only arranged by this device in spatial vertical direction, add the number of microdisk electrode container in unit occupied area, but its trainers remains the culture vessel of open type, and the algae solution degree of depth is thicker, it is difficult to realize the High Density Cultivation of frustule；Secondly, multiple microdisk electrode containers are placed in the vertical direction so that the microdisk electrode container of middle lower floor is blocked by the container on upper strata, it is difficult to be subject to sufficient illumination.Additionally, need to make the metal supporting frames of high intensity in the arrangement of spatial vertical direction for supporting multiple microdisk electrode container, input cost is high.
Present invention is significantly different from above-mentioned each application, the concrete feature of the present invention and advantage are as follows:
1) there is bigger illumination advantage
I) when sun altitude is bigger (near noon), now the condition such as light intensity and temperature is all substantially the strongest.Algae solution layer on the swash plate that inclination angle is bigger has bigger light-receiving area (see Fig. 1) in unit occupied area.For under non-direct projection illumination condition (such as the cloudy day), tilted-putted cultivation unit also all can increase light-receiving area.Therefore, this Novel microalgae culture system has less land seizure rate, it is possible to what substantially reduce soil makes consumption.
Ii) according to day ground moving law, cultivate cell surface and should place towards equator (azimuth is 0), i.e. region on the Northern Hemisphere, the surface of cultivation unit should towards due south；In the Southern Hemisphere, the surface cultivating unit should towards Zheng Bei.On the Northern Hemisphere, the sun is mainly in south half the sky dry run, as cultivated cell surface south dip, it is clear that can increase the solar radiation quantity of annual acceptance.
Iii) each month can be changed and every day in each moment cultivates the solar irradiation distribution that cell surface receives.On the Northern Hemisphere, summer the sun main overhead running over, elevation angle is big；The sun is then partial to south operating in the winter time, and angle angle is little.Therefore, unit will be cultivated to tilt, it is possible to make in the winter time to cultivate the irradiation increase that unit receives, the high light direct projection intensity at high noon can be weakened in summer, to avoid the Xanthophyll cycle that frustule is produced, be conducive to the growth of microalgae.
2) more thin and stable on hang plate algae solution layer thickness
I) advantage of open type culture systems (such as raceway pond) is simple in construction, and investment and operating cost are low, easy to operate.But effective photoreaction layer of algae solution (the algae solution layer that sunlight can penetrate) only 1-5cm, most frustule is in dark space.If the algae solution degree of depth in reduction pond, then the flow resistance of culture fluid increases, and the energy consumption of unit volume algae solution rises rapidly, and when pond is longer, then the run-off of algae solution is by extremely unstable；Meanwhile, not only reduce the liquid amount in open type pond, and the surface area of unit volume algae solution increases so that cooling difficulty.In open type culture systems, algae solution flow velocity is generally individually relatively low simultaneously, and production efficiency is relatively low.
Ii) closed photo bioreactor (such as tubular type, pillar and flat etc.) is adopted, then invest huge, and under higher algae cell density, completely by the thickness of the algae solution layer of sunlight penetration still far less than the light path (such as thickness or diameter etc.) of bioreactor.If reducing the corresponding size (such as thickness or diameter) of bioreactor, then investment increases further, and energy consumption rises；Microalgae easily tends to be attached on reactor wall, hinders the transmission of light further, reduces the absorbance of light, and increases the difficulty that reactor is cleaned.
Iii) overflow tilting microalgae novel culture system provided by the present invention, has cost investment little, and apparatus structure is simple, and energy consumption is little, production efficiency advantages of higher.Meanwhile, this system can be optimized adjustment in real time according to multiple state parameters (including algae solution concentration, light intensity, temperature and water temperature).
3) intelligent regulating system can real-time regulation system parameter with adapt to change weather condition
Set up the functional relationship of microalgae unit interval biology value added Δ X/ Δ t and operational factor:
Δ X/ Δ t=f (a1,a2,a3….ai,b,c,d)
Wherein aiFor objective status parameter, the latitude as residing for system, time, frustule concentration, the such as light intensity of light characteristic at that time, including the temperature (water temperature) etc. of the intensity of scattering light Yu direct light, temperature and algae solution；B, c, d are operating parameter, represent the angle of inclination etc. of algae solution flow velocity, the run-off of algae solution and culture systems respectively.
The parameters such as the angle of pump, valve and swash plate will be adjusted in real time according to state parameter by intelligent regulating system according to above-mentioned functional relationship, runs under the optimal condition realizing culture systems.
4) comprehensive advantage is realized according to frustule physiological growth metabolism necessary requirement
Frustule physiological metabolism research shows, the light autotrophy of microalgae is cultivated should solve emphatically problems with:
I) photosynthetic efficiency is improved.The present invention is by reducing algae solution layer thickness so that the basic consistency of thickness penetrated with luminous energy of the thickness of algae solution layer, it is provided that preferably effective photoreaction algae solution layer.
Ii) growth rate of microalgae is improved.The present invention is according to external condition, such as parameters such as light intensity, temperature, frustule concentration, in real time or the operating parameter of the adjustment system of interval, such as the angle of inclination etc. of algae solution flow velocity on swash plate, the flow of algae solution and swash plate, the mode of operation to obtain system optimal realizes the fast-growth of frustule.
Iii) temperature that algae solution is suitable is maintained.The present invention is flowed by the shallow-layer of algae solution, if summer is by the temperature of evaporation reduction algae solution under hot weather, it is possible to cooling or the refrigeration expense of microdisk electrode are greatly lowered, it is achieved the low cost of microalgae is cultivated.
Iv) weaken Xanthophyll cycle effect and realize Dark-light cycle.The tilt plate system of the present invention can reduce noon and the direct projection of neighbouring sunlight, weakens the Xanthophyll cycle effect that frustule is produced by high-intensity illumination.Additionally, research shows that suitable Dark-light cycle is conducive to the growth of frustule, the present invention can be provided above some intervals slice (plastic strip such as interval) at swash plate；Or set up interval striped at clear layer, it is achieved swash plate has light and dark region；Or utilize the effect that is in the light of constricted flow member；So when algae solution flows through swash plate, frustule will experience Dark-light cycle, be conducive to the growth of frustule, can also weaken Xanthophyll cycle effect (such as noon) under high light intensity simultaneously.
In sum, the present invention is compared with above-mentioned application, and in design concept, structure, the aspect such as cost consideration and actual scale application angle all also exists marked difference.The culture systems simple in construction of the present invention, make full use of spatial light photograph, and cost is low, it is possible to achieve the low cost of microalgae, high density, high efficiency and pilot scale culture.Additionally, the available especially natural land system such as hillside fields, terraced fields of the culture systems of the present invention and condition, greatly save construction cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of a kind of overflow tilting microalgae culture system.
What Fig. 2 showed overflow tilting microalgae culture system is embodied as one of type (long-pending algae groove, algae solution collecting tank are that water channel is formed).
Fig. 3 shows two (raceway ponds that long-pending algae groove, algae solution collecting tank and storage tank are integrated) being embodied as type of overflow tilting microalgae culture system.
Fig. 4 shows the pilot scale culture system schematic that multiple tilting microdisk electrode unit forms.
Fig. 5 shows the coupled system schematic diagram of overflow tilting microalgae culture system and other types bioreactor composition.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention devises a kind of novel culture system for microdisk electrode.Should be understood that " system " or " culture systems " used by the present invention refers to a kind of product, i.e. device or equipment.Described Novel microalgae culture system is based on space multistory member unit tilting swash plate, by pump or the method for fluid delivery such as gas lift (Air-lift) or other algae solution mode of movement, the algae solution in storage tank is delivered to the overflow launder on swash plate top, algae solution by action of gravity from overflow launder along swash plate overflow to long-pending algae groove in, algae solution is back in storage tank again by algae solution collecting tank.
When algae solution flows along swash plate, it is possible to make full use of the sunlight being irradiated on swash plate, frustule can accept illumination fully.The unit volume light-receiving area (S/V) being considered as when designing from bioreactor, algae solution layer relatively thin on swash plate, not only significantly reduce the light path of algae solution, and considerably improve the light-receiving area of algae solution unit algae solution.This can be effectively improved the optical energy utilization efficiency of frustule, frustule growth rate and algae cell density.
nullMicroalgae suitable in microalgae culture system of the present invention and method includes but not limited to the various microalgae that this area uses，Include but not limited to: the Chlorella pyrenoidesa (Chlorellapyrenoidosa) in Chlorophyta Chlorella，Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorellavulgaris)，Chlorella ellipsoidea (Chlorellaellipsoidea)，Chlorellaemersonii，Chlorellasorokiniana，Chlorellasaccharophila，Chlorellaregularis，Chlorellaminutissima，Chlorellaprotothecoides，Chlorellazofingiensis，And the Wild Vitis species (Botryococcus) in Chlorophyta，Brachiomonassubmarina，Chlamydobonasreinhardtii，Chlamydomonasacidophila，Haematococcuspluvialis，Haematococcuslacustris，Scenedesmusobliquus，Spongiococcumexetriccium，Tetraselmissuecica，Tetraselmischuii，Tetraselmistetrathele，Tetraselmisverrucosa，Micractiniumpusillum；Cylindrothecafusiformis, Nitzschialaevis, Nitzschiaalba, Nitzschiafonticola, Naviculaincerta, the Naviculapelliculosa of Bacillariophyta；The Anabaenavariabilis of Cyanophyta；The Poterioochromonasmalhamensis of Chrysophyta；Amphidiniumcarterae, the Crypthecodiniumcohnii of Pyrrhophyta；The Euglenagricilis of Euglenophyta；Galdieriasulphuraria with Rhodophyta.
The microalgae culture system of the present invention can be not only used for the light autotrophy of microalgae and cultivates, it is also possible to for the photoinduction (for accumulating the process of high nutrition and high added value component in frustule, as Haematocoocus Pluvialls accumulates the photoinduction of astaxanthin) of microalgae.Microalgae light autotrophy is cultivated, and is generally inoculated in culture systems by the frustule being in exponential phase of growth, adds microalgae light autotrophy culture medium in algae solution.It is generally adopted the growth that natural lighting (sunlight) is frustule and light source is provided.Adopting the growth that following both modes are frustule to provide carbon source, one is to pass into pure CO in storage tank2Or CO2Mixing gas with air；Another kind is to be separated by swash plate and transparent cover film to form the pure CO of bottom ventilation of cavity2Or CO2Mixing gas with air.General 3～10 days of microalgae light autotrophy incubation time, at cultivation stage, timing supplements fresh culture medium or water in storage tank, to make up the water yield of evaporation on daytime.Reach certain density at frustule, be in when harvest stages, stop supplementing fresh water, the irradiation of available sunlight in microalgae culture system, rely on the evaporation of moisture that frustule is concentrated, to realize gathering of frustule.When frustule is cultivated in pilot scale culture system, first cultivate in the culture systems for frustule normal growth, after frustule reaches finite concentration, transfer to and the culture systems for microalgae high-concentration culturing or concentration carries out cultivate or concentrate.When microalgae photoinduction is cultivated, generally the high density algae solution of Heterotrophic culture in fermentation tank is accessed in culture systems after dilution, culture fluid adds the photoinduction culture medium containing inorganic salt.It is generally adopted natural lighting, after cultivating 1-10 days, the high added value material accumulation that the quality of frustule reaches in requirement or frustule reaches maximum (during such as Haematocoocus Pluvialls photoinduction, in frustule, content astaxanthin reaches 3～5%) and namely can gather afterwards.
Hereinafter never Tongfang mask body illustrates culture systems and the cultural method of the present invention.
I, culture systems
The culture systems of the present invention can include swash plate subsystem, algae solution recirculation subsystem and optional Intelligent adjustment subsystem.
1) swash plate subsystem
Swash plate subsystem includes supporting the swash plate of algae solution thin layer, supporting the bracing frame of swash plate and for receiving algae solution and algae solution being supplied to the overflow mechanism of swash plate.Swash plate is typically secured on bracing frame.Swash plate subsystem is dismountable.
The material of bracing frame includes but not limited to metal, plastics, timber etc..In a preferred embodiment, the metal material selecting lightweight makes and supports shelf.Being fixed on the swash plate on bracing frame can adopt the material of various conventional suitable microdisk electrode to make, and these materials include but not limited to: plastic film, lucite, glass, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..In a preferred embodiment, transparent plastic film is selected to make swash plate.
Overflow mechanism is generally the form of groove, is placed in the top of swash plate.One side of overflow mechanism is lower than another side so that algae solution is overflowed from the edge of relatively downside and flow to swash plate.The material of overflow mechanism, size, shape and structure are not limit.In a preferred embodiment, overflow mechanism be shaped as semicircle cast.
The angle of inclination of swash plate can be adjusted, and swash plate angle of inclination is between 0 °～90 °, for instance, be 10 °～80 °, 15 °～80 °, 20 °～70 °, 20 °～60 °, 20 °～50 °, 30 °～50 °, 30 °～70 ° not etc..In a preferred embodiment, the angle of inclination of swash plate is 30 °～60 °.
Swash plate can be provided with the constricted flow member vertical with fluid flow direction, it can strengthen algae solution time by illumination on swash plate, can so that algae solution distribution on swash plate is more uniform, and algae solution be had in swash plate overflow process save the disturbance and mixing gathered simultaneously.Constricted flow member is mainly strip or sheet-shaped flow-stopping plate.The material of constricted flow member is selected from plastics, metal, glass and lucite etc..On swash plate, the quantity of constricted flow member is determined according to the length of swash plate, the spacing range 0.01～1m between constricted flow member and component, for instance, for 0.05m～0.9m, 0.1m～0.8m, 0.2m～0.6m not etc..
In preferred embodiment, swash plate is arranged above interval striped or constricted flow member so that frustule experiences area of illumination and dark space in swash plate flooding process, it is achieved the Dark-light cycle of frustule.Interval striped on swash plate is opaque lamellar plate, and material is selected from plastics, metal etc..Interval striped interval be arranged on swash plate, the distance from swash plate is 0.1～10cm, and the spacing of interval striped is 0.01～10cm.
Swash plate can be coated with layer of transparent layer.The material of clear layer includes but not limited to overlay, lucite and glass etc..The cavity body for algae solution flowing is formed between clear layer and swash plate.Clear layer (cover layer) is possible not only to form closed system so that the cultivation of microalgae, reduce external environment (dust storm, rainwater, assorted algae etc.) to frustule cultivate adverse effect (pollution etc. of harmful organisms), reduce evaporation of water amount, and pure CO can be passed in the bottom that swash plate and clear layer form cavity2Or CO2In cavity body, form reverse flow with the mixing gas of air, the gas of floating and the algae solution of flow down, significantly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and strengthen the mixing of algae solution.
Algae solution layer thickness on swash plate is adjusted by the feed flow at angle of inclination and algae solution by regulating swash plate, making when the different cultivation stages that frustule is cultivated, different weather and different algae cell density, the algae solution layer thickness on swash plate is in optimal conditions.
Swash plate can rotate according to the operating of the sun so that the algae solution on swash plate is subject to the vertical irradiation of sunlight all the time.
In one microalgae culture system, the quantitative range of swash plate subsystem is 1～100000, for instance 10～10000,100～1000 are not etc., distance between sloping plate unit or be spaced apart 0.1m～10m, for instance 0.1m～8m, 0.2m～6m, 0.3～5m, 0.5～3m.The height of sloping plate unit is 0.1～10m, for instance 0.1m～8m, 0.2m～6m, 0.3m～5m, 0.5m～3m, 0.8m～2m.
2) algae solution recirculation subsystem
Algae solution recirculation subsystem can include conveying arrangement, power set and storage device.Specifically, algae solution recirculation subsystem can include the device for algae solution is transported to overflow mechanism, collects the collection device of the algae solution flowed down from sloping plate unit, the device of storage algae solution, drive the power set of algae solution flowing and the storage device (such as storage tank) of storage algae solution.
Pump or the method for liquid transfer such as gas lift (Air-lift) system or other algae solution mode of movement can be relied on to drive algae solution to circulate between storage tank and swash plate.
Storage device (such as storage tank) carries out transition storage when algae solution circulates on swash plate, and its material includes but not limited to transparent glass, lucite and opaque stainless steel metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..In a preferred embodiment, storage device is the cylindrical tank that transparent material is made.Reservoir bottom is provided with breather, for pure CO2Gas or CO2With the input of the mixing gas of air, the growth with the pH controlling culture fluid and for frustule provides carbon source.In microdisk electrode process, supplementary fresh culture medium or the water in storage device of interval, to make up the water evaporation quantity in microdisk electrode process.
The type of pump includes but not limited to diaphragm pump, axial-flow pump, sine pump, centrifugal pump etc..Pump can be frequency control, it is also possible to be without frequency-adjustable speed-adjustable.More preferably, select the low shear pump of frequency control, be so possible not only to regulate the feed flow of algae solution, and the shearing force to frustule can be reduced and injure.
The collection device collecting the algae solution flowed down from sloping plate unit comprises the steps that the long-pending algae groove for collecting the algae solution flowed down from each swash plate or pipeline, and is used for collecting the algae solution collecting tank from each long-pending algae groove or the algae solution of pipeline outflow or pipeline.
Algae solution collecting tank and long-pending algae groove (pipeline) can be the forms such as the water channel of routine, ditch, water channel.This form is built simple, with low cost, and frustule still may be grown in algae solution course of conveying.
Algae solution collecting tank (pipeline), long-pending algae groove (pipeline) and storage device (storage tank) can be overall ponds, include but not limited to raceway pond, circle pond etc..Swash plate subsystem may be located at the surface of raceway pond, as on the partition wall at raceway pond center.Swash plate subsystem can also be positioned at the outside of raceway pond, but the downside edge of swash plate is positioned at above raceway pond, and the algae solution flowed down from swash plate just can enter raceway pond.So, bracing frame and swash plate can be avoided producing to block to the light of algae solution in raceway pond.Especially, raceway pond can be half runner (dual channel that need not be traditional).This is equivalent to raceway pond is algae solution collecting tank and storage tank, and take turns without web, raceway pond has certain angle of inclination, enters the algae solution lower by gravity natural flow to pond in pond, again being delivered in swash plate system by pump, so all of power supply can only rely on pump and provide.
The material of algae solution conveying pipe (groove) includes but not limited to plastics, metal, lucite, glass, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..More preferably, algae solution conveying pipe (groove) is lucite pipe so that algae solution still can carry out photosynthesis in course of conveying.In one preferably embodiment, in the upper installation of algae solution conveying pipe (groove) by valve and fluid flowmeter, to regulate and to control the feed flow of algae solution.
By Flow-rate adjustment, algae solution thickness on swash plate can be controlled so that the algae solution consistency of thickness that algae solution thickness and sunlight can penetrate.The thickness of algae solution thin layer calculates according to the optical attenuation curve of frustule and obtains.Algae solution thickness of thin layer is relevant with outdoor intensity of illumination and algae cell density.Algae solution thickness of thin layer general control is between 0.1～10cm, for instance, 0.1～6cm, 0.1～5cm, 0.5～5cm, 1～5cm are not etc.；More preferably, the thickness of algae solution thin layer is 0.1～2cm.The algae solution so flow through on swash plate can accept illumination fully, can avoid forming dark space (frustule cannot receive illumination fully) because excessive algae solution produces thicker algae solution layer, light utilization efficiency not only can be made to reach the highest but also the required energy consumption of algae solution circulation can be made minimum.
Algae solution collecting tank can be provided with the filter elements such as drainage screen, filter cloth, sieve volume, it is achieved effectively gathering or concentrating some microalgae cell (spirulina as bigger in individuality).
3) Intelligent adjustment subsystem
The culture systems of the present invention also optionally includes Intelligent adjustment subsystem.Intelligent regulating system can automatically control pump and valve to regulate algae solution flow according to intensity of illumination, temperature, frustule concentration, and it is consistent to control, in conjunction with the angular adjustment of swash plate, the optimal conditions that under algae solution thickness on swash plate and flow velocity irradiate, frustule growth is required with sunlight.So can realizing according to many factors complex optimums such as illumination condition, algae solution layer thickness (light path), temperature and water temperature, frustule concentration, frustule growth stages, reaching maximum frustule Biomass increases.
The automatic valves etc. such as intelligent regulating system includes temperature, pH and DO probe, controls system (control unit, communication module), electromagnetic valve.
II, cultural method
The cultural method of the present invention includes being delivered in overflow mechanism by power set such as pump by algae solution, makes algae solution under gravity, in along swash plate overflow to long-pending algae groove (pipeline), thus realizing microdisk electrode.
The angle of inclination of swash plate can be adjusted, and swash plate angle of inclination is between 0 °～90 °, for instance, be 10 °～80 °, 15 °～80 °, 20 °～70 °, 20 °～60 °, 20 °～50 °, 30 °～50 °, 30 °～70 ° not etc..In a preferred embodiment, the angle of inclination of swash plate is 30 °～60 °.
Swash plate can be provided with the constricted flow member vertical with fluid flow direction, it can strengthen algae solution time by illumination on swash plate, can so that algae solution distribution on swash plate is more uniform, and algae solution be had in swash plate overflow process save the disturbance and mixing gathered simultaneously.Constricted flow member is mainly strip or sheet-shaped flow-stopping plate.The material of constricted flow member is selected from plastics, metal, glass and lucite etc..On swash plate, the quantity of constricted flow member is determined according to the length of swash plate, the spacing range 0.01～1m between constricted flow member and component, for instance, for 0.05m～0.9m, 0.1m～0.8m, 0.2m～0.6m not etc..
Swash plate can be provided with interval striped or constricted flow member so that frustule experiences area of illumination and dark space in swash plate flooding process, it is achieved the Dark-light cycle of frustule.Interval striped on swash plate is opaque lamellar plate, and material is selected from plastics, metal etc..Interval striped interval be arranged on swash plate, the distance from swash plate is 0.1～10cm, and the spacing of interval striped is 0.01～10cm.
Swash plate can be coated with layer of transparent layer.The material of clear layer includes but not limited to overlay, lucite and glass etc..The cavity body for algae solution flowing is formed between clear layer and swash plate.Clear layer (cover layer) is possible not only to form closed system so that the cultivation of microalgae, reduce external environment (dust storm, rainwater, assorted algae etc.) to frustule cultivate adverse effect (pollution etc. of harmful organisms), reduce evaporation of water amount, and pure CO can be passed in the bottom that swash plate and clear layer form cavity2Or CO2In cavity body, form reverse flow with the mixing gas of air, the gas of floating and the algae solution of flow down, significantly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and strengthen the mixing of algae solution.
Algae solution layer thickness on swash plate is adjusted by the feed flow at angle of inclination and algae solution by regulating swash plate, making when the different cultivation stages that frustule is cultivated, different weather and different algae cell density, the algae solution layer thickness on swash plate is in optimal conditions.
Swash plate can rotate according to the operating of the sun so that the algae solution on swash plate is subject to the vertical irradiation of sunlight all the time.
The quantitative range of swash plate, 1～100000, is not 10～10000,100～1000 not etc., distance between sloping plate unit or be spaced apart 0.1m～10m, for 0.1m～8m, 0.2m～6m, 0.3～5m, 0.5～3m.The height of sloping plate unit is 0.1～10m, for 0.1m～8m, 0.2m～6m, 0.3m～5m, 0.5m～3m, 0.8m～2m.
Swash plate is typically secured on bracing frame.The material of bracing frame includes but not limited to metal, plastics, timber etc..In a preferred embodiment, the metal material selecting lightweight makes and supports shelf.Being fixed on the swash plate on bracing frame can adopt the material of various conventional suitable microdisk electrode to make, and these materials include but not limited to: plastic film, lucite, glass, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..In a preferred embodiment, transparent plastic film is selected to make swash plate.
Overflow mechanism is generally the form of groove, is placed in the top of swash plate.One side of overflow mechanism is lower than another side so that algae solution is overflowed from the edge of relatively downside and flow to swash plate.The material of overflow mechanism, size, shape and structure are not limit.In a preferred embodiment, overflow mechanism be shaped as semicircle cast.
The algae solution flowing upwardly to long-pending algae groove (pipeline) from each swash plate can be collected to algae solution collecting tank or pipeline.It is collected to the algae solution in algae solution collecting tank or pipeline and can flow to the device such as storage tank of storage algae solution.
Storage device (such as storage tank) carries out transition storage when algae solution circulates on swash plate, and its material includes but not limited to transparent glass, lucite and opaque stainless steel metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate, concrete etc..In a preferred embodiment, storage device is the cylindrical tank that transparent material is made.Reservoir bottom is provided with breather, for pure CO2Gas or CO2With the input of the mixing gas of air, the growth with the pH controlling culture fluid and for frustule provides carbon source.In microdisk electrode process, supplementary fresh culture medium or the water in storage device of interval, to make up the water evaporation quantity in microdisk electrode process.
In a detailed description of the invention, using the culture systems of the present invention to implement said method, each assembly of culture systems and feature thereof are as described in part i above.
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that technical scheme, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of overflow tilting microalgae culture system.Algae solution carries pipe (groove) 1 that the algae solution in storage tank 5 is delivered to the overflow launder 15 at the swash plate top fixed by bracing frame 14 by pump 6 and algae solution.Algae solution flows out from overflow launder 15, flows downward equably along swash plate 2, forms algae solution thin layer, is subject to illumination fully, and then algae solution flow in long-pending algae groove 3, collects channel (groove) 4 by algae solution and is again back in storage tank 5, so circulates.Swash plate 2 can be provided with constricted flow member 10, to extend algae solution time by illumination on swash plate 2, simultaneously can so that algae solution distribution on swash plate be more uniform.Swash plate 2 can be provided with interval striped 16, it is achieved frustule realizes Dark-light cycle in flooding process.Swash plate 2 can be provided with transparent clear layer (cover layer or film) 9, the cultivation making microalgae forms closed system, reduce external environment (dust storm, rainwater, assorted algae etc.) to frustule cultivate adverse effect (pollution etc. such as harmful organisms), reduce evaporation of water amount.Also can there be chimb 8 both sides of swash plate 2.Furthermore, it is possible to form the bottom of cavity at swash plate 2 and clear layer 9 to pass into pure CO by breather 112Or CO2In cavity body, form reverse flow with the mixing gas of air, the gas of floating and the algae solution of flow down, significantly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and strengthen the mixing of algae solution, promote frustule growth.Each breather 11 can pass through vent stack 12 and connects or provide gas.Simultaneously, it is possible to rely on intelligent regulating system 13 to operating parameter according to weather condition and frustule growth conditions, as algae solution flow, algae solution flow velocity etc. are adjusted, the optimal state to realize culture systems operates.When algae solution is concentrated, it is possible to increasing filter element 17 on hydrops groove 3, further realization is effectively gathered.
Fig. 2 shows that a kind of overflow tilting microalgae culture system is embodied as one of type (long-pending algae groove, algae solution collecting tank are that water channel is formed).Algae solution carries pipe (groove) 1 to be delivered in tilting microalgae culture system by the algae solution in storage tank 5 on swash plate 2 by pump 6 and algae solution.Algae solution flows in long-pending algae channel (groove) 3 after flowing through culture systems unit, then passes through algae solution and collects in channel (groove) 4 backflow road storage tank 5 again, so circulates.
Fig. 3 shows that a kind of overflow tilting microalgae culture system is embodied as one of type (raceway pond that long-pending algae groove, algae solution collecting tank and storage tank are integrated).Algae solution carries pipe (groove) 1 to be delivered on the swash plate in tilting microalgae culture system by the algae solution in raceway pond 18 2 by pump 6 and algae solution.Algae solution back flows back in raceway pond 18 after flowing through culture systems unit, so circulates.The inclined position that raceway pond is slightly placed to pump.Algae solution relies on flow by gravity to the position near pump in raceway pond.The combination of tilting microdisk electrode unit and raceway pond, it is possible to make the frustule in pond utilize spatial light photograph, improve the growth rate of microalgae.
Fig. 4 shows the pilot scale culture system that multiple tilting microdisk electrode unit forms.Multiple tilting microalgae culture system unit 19 arrange in the direction parallel with algae solution conveying pipe (groove) 1, shape transversely arranged microalgae culture system in a row, between each two microalgae unit, there is suitable distance, cultivate the illumination of unit to prevent previous cultivation unit from sheltering from later.In the direction vertical with algae solution conveying pipe (groove) 1, multiple rows of horizontal tilting microalgae culture system combination forms the large-scale microalgae culture system of longitudinal arrangement.This large-scale microalgae culture system shares 5, pump 6 of a storage tank and 1 set algae solution collecting tank 3.
Fig. 5 is shown that the coupled system schematic diagram of overflow tilting microalgae culture system and other types bioreactor composition.Overflow tilting microalgae culture system can form coupling cultivation system with raceway pond, circle pond, pillar, tubular type and flat plate photobioreactor.This schematic diagram represents the coupled system of overflow tilting microalgae culture system and raceway pond and pillar or tubular reactor formation, frustule enters raceway pond through overflow tilting microalgae culture system, then pass through transport pump to pillar or tubular reactor, and then enter another raceway pond system and be back to inclined microalgae culture system, so circulate.
In order to describe the advantage place of overflow tilting microalgae culture system of the present invention in detail, it is specifically described with an example below:
The performance of three different microalgae culture systems (the algae solution overflow tilting microalgae culture system of 50L, 50L column reactor and 50L open type basin) contrasts.
50L overflow tilting microalgae culture system, respectively by 3 swash plate area 0.0625m2The tilting microdisk electrode unit transverse of (0.5m × 0.5m) rearranges, 50L white plastic bucket (liquid amount 40L) is as storage tank, internal diameter 25mmPVC pipe is as algae solution conveying pipe, and the PVC semi-circular tube of internal diameter 80mm, as algae solution collecting pipe, adopts 1.5m3The membrane pump conveying algae solution of/h is circulated flowing.Plastic Drum passes into containing 3%CO2Air Mixture regulate culture fluid pH maintain about 7.0.
50L column reactor reactor (liquid amount 40L), internal diameter 20cm, height 1.6m, ventilation 0.2vvm, containing 3%CO in ventilation2, pH maintains about 7.0.
50L open type plastic tub, liquid level 12cm, adopt ventilation mixing, ventilation 0.2vvm, containing 3%CO2, pH maintains about 7.0.
Above-mentioned microalgae culture system three kinds different adopts natural lighting to carry out contrast experiment out of doors, initial inoculation algae cell density is 0.3g/L, through the cultivation of 6 days, in 50L algae solution overflow tilting microalgae culture system, the most high density of frustule reaches 1.8g/L, is in 50L column reactor in the highest algae cell density (1.2g/L) and 50L open type basin 1.2 times and 3.25 times of the highest algae cell density (0.8g/L) respectively.
As can be seen here, compared with traditional closed photo bioreactor and open type bioreactor, the performance of algae solution overflow tilting microalgae culture system is substantially more excellent, its growth rate that can increase substantially frustule and the highest algae cell density.
Claims (10)
1. the system for microdisk electrode, it is characterised in that described culture systems includes:
(1) swash plate subsystem, including supporting the swash plate of algae solution thin layer, supporting the bracing frame of swash plate and for receiving algae solution and algae solution being supplied to the overflow mechanism of swash plate；With
(2) algae solution recirculation subsystem, including the device for algae solution is transported to overflow mechanism, and collects the collection device of the algae solution flowed down from sloping plate unit.
2. culture systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described culture systems also includes following one or more feature:
(1) material of bracing frame is selected from metal, plastics, timber, concrete etc.；
(2) there is chimb the both sides of swash plate, and the material of plate is selected from transparent or opaque plastic film, lucite, glass, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate and concrete etc.；
(3) swash plate is provided with constricted flow member, to strengthen algae solution time by illumination on swash plate, simultaneously can so that algae solution distribution on swash plate be more uniform；
(4) swash plate is provided with interval striped or constricted flow member so that frustule experiences area of illumination and dark space in swash plate flooding process, it is achieved the Dark-light cycle of frustule；
(5) angle of swash plate is fixing maybe can also be adjusted, and regulates swash plate angle to change thickness and the algae solution holdup time on swash plate of algae solution layer；
(6) being coated with clear layer on swash plate, the material of clear layer includes but not limited to overlay, lucite and glass etc.；Forming the cavity body of closing between clear layer and swash plate, algae solution flows in cavity body；The cavity bottom formed between the two at swash plate and transparent membrane passes into pure CO2Or CO2With the mixing gas of air, gas and algae solution form adverse current in cavity body, improve gas-liquid mass transfer and strengthen the mixing of algae solution；
(7) swash plate surface-coated or lay reflective liner, reflective absorbs for frustule to increase；
(8) described culture systems also includes the device of storage algae solution；
(9) the described device for algae solution is transported to overflow mechanism includes: algae solution transmitting power source, such as pump, gas-lifting type system and other algae solution mode of movement, and algae solution conveyance conduit or groove；
(10) the described collection device for collecting the algae solution flowed down from sloping plate unit includes the long-pending algae groove for collecting the algae solution flowed down from each swash plate or pipeline and for collecting algae solution collecting tank from each long-pending algae groove or the algae solution of pipeline outflow or pipeline；
(11) algae solution collecting each long-pending algae groove or pipeline flows back to the device of storage algae solution via algae solution collecting tank or pipeline；
(12) algae solution of the device flowing back to storage algae solution can be circulated to swash plate again；
(13) described storage tank and various groove or pipeline are made up of transparent or transparent materials, selected from glass, lucite, metal, plastics, glass-fiber-plate and concrete etc.；
(14) algae solution collecting tank or pipeline and long-pending algae groove or pipeline can be the forms such as water channel, ditch, water channel；
(15) algae solution collecting tank or pipeline are provided with the filter elements such as drainage screen, filter cloth, sieve volume, to realize effectively concentrating or gathering microalgae cell；With
(16) device of algae solution collecting tank or pipeline, long-pending algae groove or pipeline and storage algae solution can be an overall pond, includes but not limited to raceway pond, circle pond etc..
3. the culture systems as according to any one of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that described microalgae culture system forms coupling cultivation system with raceway pond, circle pond, pillar bioreactor or flat plate photobioreactor.
4. the culture systems as according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described sloping plate unit and algae solution circulation device vertically and horizontally arrange or vertical riser arrangement, form the culture systems of scale.
5. culture systems as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the culture systems of described scale is for microalgae normal growth or for microalgae high-concentration culturing or concentration.
6. a microalgae culture method, it is characterised in that described method includes:
By algae solution transmitting power source, algae solution is delivered in overflow launder, makes algae solution under gravity, in along swash plate overflow to long-pending algae groove, thus realizing microdisk electrode.
7. microalgae culture method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described method includes: manually or intelligent regulating system be automatically adjusted algae solution flow, in conjunction with thickness on swash plate of the Angle ambiguity algae solution of swash plate and flow velocity so that it is the optimal conditions irradiating lower frustule growth with sunlight required is consistent.
8. the microalgae culture method as according to any one of claim 6-7, it is characterised in that at cultivation stage, timing supplements fresh culture medium or water in storage tank, to make up the water yield of evaporation on daytime；Reach certain density at frustule, be in when harvest stages, stop supplementing fresh water in microalgae culture system, utilize the irradiation of sunlight, rely on the evaporation of moisture that frustule is concentrated, to realize gathering of frustule.
9. the microalgae culture method as according to any one of claim 6-8; it is characterized in that; when frustule is cultivated in pilot scale culture system; first cultivate in the culture systems for frustule normal growth; after frustule reaches finite concentration, transfer to and the culture systems for microalgae high-concentration culturing or concentration carries out cultivate or concentrate.
10. the microalgae culture method as according to any one of claim 6-9, it is characterised in that described method adopts the culture systems according to any one of claim 1-5 to carry out.
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| CN201410820319.9A CN105779272A (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Overflow tilting novel microalgae culture system |
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| CN106281970A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-04 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of open microdisk electrode pond |
| CN107012072A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-04 | 南昌大学 | A kind of photo-biological membrane reactor and the application in sewage disposal, carbon sequestration and microalgae recovery |
| CN109251839A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Utilize the device and method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism |
| CN110903947A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳泰利能源有限公司 | Open type photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation |
| CN113735275A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆大学 | Light intensity self-adaptive microalgae biofilm reactor for treating wastewater |
| CN114276922A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-04-05 | 浙江清华长三角研究院 | Shallow liquid layer quasi-static microalgae culture system and use method |
| CN114736805A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-07-12 | 华东理工大学 | Method for improving microalgae yield by adjusting external illumination based on average single cell receiving light quantum number |
| CN114989949A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-02 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Reverse V-shaped microalgae multi-surface wall-mounted culture reactor and culture method |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN106281970A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-04 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of open microdisk electrode pond |
| CN107012072A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-04 | 南昌大学 | A kind of photo-biological membrane reactor and the application in sewage disposal, carbon sequestration and microalgae recovery |
| CN107012072B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2023-10-31 | 南昌大学 | Optical biomembrane reactor and application thereof in sewage treatment, carbon fixation and microalgae collection |
| CN109251839A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Utilize the device and method of sunlight culture photosynthetic microorganism |
| CN109251839B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2021-08-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for culturing photosynthetic microorganisms by using sunlight |
| CN110903947A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-24 | 深圳泰利能源有限公司 | Open type photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation |
| CN113735275A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆大学 | Light intensity self-adaptive microalgae biofilm reactor for treating wastewater |
| CN114276922A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-04-05 | 浙江清华长三角研究院 | Shallow liquid layer quasi-static microalgae culture system and use method |
| CN114736805A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-07-12 | 华东理工大学 | Method for improving microalgae yield by adjusting external illumination based on average single cell receiving light quantum number |
| CN114736805B (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-12-22 | 华东理工大学 | Method for improving microalgae yield by adjusting external illumination based on average single-cell received light quantum number |
| CN114989949A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-02 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Reverse V-shaped microalgae multi-surface wall-mounted culture reactor and culture method |
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