CN104928172B - Ventilation temperature control system and algal culture system for algal culture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to an aeration and temperature control system and an algae cultivation system for algae cultivation. The ventilation temperature control system includes a thermal insulation pool, a hot water generation unit, a cold water supply unit, a controller and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is placed in the thermal insulation pool to monitor the water temperature in the thermal insulation pool in real time. The gas-liquid heat exchanger is immersed in the thermal insulation pool. One end of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected to the ventilation equipment, and the other end is connected to the photobioreactor. The heat preservation pool maintains an appropriate water temperature and then performs heat exchange with the gas-liquid heat exchanger, and transfers heat to the gas in the gas-liquid heat exchanger. The gas-liquid heat exchanger communicates with the photobioreactor, and the air or carbon dioxide gas that passes into the photobioreactor can have a temperature that is conducive to the growth of microalgae. After passing into the photobioreactor, it can provide a suitable environment for the growth of microalgae .

Description

Ventilation and temperature control system for algae cultivation and algae cultivation system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to a ventilation and temperature control system and an algae cultivation system for algae cultivation.

Background technique

Microalgae are a type of phytoplankton that grow in a wide variety of water bodies and are widely distributed, and the individual is generally smaller than 2mm. Their cells are like sunlight-driven organic matter factories. Through their efficient photosynthesis, they use light energy to absorb CO ₂ and H ₂ O, convert them into chemical energy such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, etc., and release O ₂ .

At present, "microalgae high-efficiency large-scale cultivation technology" is one of the cores of microalgae biotechnology. Usually, the algal liquid is located in the photobioreactor, and air or carbon dioxide is fed into the photobioreactor through the aeration device, and there is an aeration pipe between the photobioreactor and the aeration device. Existing photobioreactors include closed photobioreactors, that is, closed culture systems, which are bioreactors built with transparent materials. In addition to the ability to harvest light energy, this bioreactor has many similarities with traditional microbial fermentation bioreactors in many other aspects. The closed photobioreactor can realize the cultivation of single species and pure species of microalgae, and the culture conditions are easy to control, the culture density is high, and it is easy to harvest, so the efficiency is higher, but the construction and operation costs are also increased.

For example, Chinese patent ZL02134235.0 discloses a tubular photobioreactor for automatic continuous production. Its reaction vessel is a cylindrical connecting pipe of transparent light-transmitting material, with an inlet port and an outlet port, and is connected to a mixing tank. It is a three-dimensional pipeline formed by cross-overlapping multi-layer "U"-shaped connecting pipes, and the light source is located in the "#"-shaped three-dimensional space formed by cross-overlapping connecting pipes. Although this microalgae breeding method and equipment overcome the shortcomings of extensive open ponds, the structure is complex, large-scale devices are difficult to realize, the construction cost is high, and it is difficult to make full use of natural sunlight, so it is not suitable for low-cost and large-scale cultivation of microalgae.

Chinese patent ZL03128138.9 discloses a closed tube photobioreactor, which consists of three-dimensional double-row flat spiral pipes and a unique U-shaped connecting elbow, double towers, zero-shear force infusion pump, carbon dioxide gas injection device, cooling heat exchanger etc. The oxygen exhaust reaction tower in the double tower is equipped with a negative pressure jet pump, which can effectively remove the accumulated oxygen in the culture solution, and the control tower can adjust the hydraulic pressure and automatically transport the culture solution to the reaction pipeline with negative pressure. The reactor overcomes the disadvantages of large occupied area and low efficiency of conventional reactors, and can realize large-scale production, but the structure is complex and the manufacturing cost is high. Moreover, if the reactor is placed upright, the culture solution and algae solution need a lot of energy to be transported from the bottom to the top, which will greatly increase the shear force on the algae filaments and increase the cost of microalgae cultivation.

Chinese patent CN1721523A discloses a photobioreactor for large-scale cultivation of microalgae, including a transparent pipeline, a gas analysis device, an auxiliary pipeline system, and cultivation parameter sensing and control facilities. The problem of gas exchange in closed-pipe photobioreactors is solved by adopting a large-scale gas analysis device and connecting transparent pipes arranged in parallel in parallel, but there are also problems of high manufacturing and operating costs.

Chinese patent ZL96216364.3 discloses a closed-type circulating latent layer spirulina cultivation device, which is composed of an overflow injector, an overflow plate photobioreactor, a liquid storage tank, and a circulating pump, which are made of light-transmitting materials. The overflow plate photobioreactor is equipped with multiple layers of support plates with baffles placed horizontally and the overflow outlets of the upper and lower layers are distributed crosswise. Although the reactor has high efficiency, the structure of the multi-layer pallet is very complicated, which is not conducive to large-scale scale-up production.

Moreover, the following problems still exist in the existing track-type cultivation technology: 1. The temperature of the algae liquid and the light intensity cannot be controlled, the utilization rate of light energy is low, and the growth environment of the algae is poor, resulting in low yield and unstable quality; 2. Open cultivation, Susceptible to other biological pollution, poor sanitation conditions, affecting the quality of algae powder; 3. The track-type aquaculture mixing system consumes a lot of energy, and the 1500-watt motor undertakes the mixing task of two greenhouses. The 110-meter-long greenhouse is insufficiently stirred, resulting in low production and The quality is not stable; 4. It is difficult to realize the automatic control of the elements of the traditional runway breeding, and the breeding production efficiency is low.

Therefore, in view of the above deficiencies, it is necessary to provide a photobioreactor for algae cultivation with superior growth environment conditions, energy saving and low carbon, full use of natural resources, high production efficiency of microalgae, low cost, and suitable for large-scale cultivation.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and temperature control system and an algae cultivation system for algae cultivation, on the one hand to solve the problems in the existing algae cultivation technology that the growth temperature and light of the algae liquid cannot be controlled, and the growth environment is poor; on the other hand On the one hand, it solves the problems of high energy consumption, low production efficiency and high cost in the existing algae cultivation technology.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a ventilation temperature control system for algae cultivation, which includes a heat preservation pool, a hot water generation unit, a cold water supply unit, a gas-liquid heat exchanger and a controller, a cold water supply unit, a heat The water generating unit and the heat preservation pool are connected in sequence; the gas-liquid heat exchanger is immersed in the heat preservation water pool, one end of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected with the ventilation equipment, and the other end is connected with the photobioreactor; the controller is connected with the cold water supply unit and the hot water generation The units are connected to control the supply of cold water in the cold water supply unit and the generation of hot water in the hot water generation unit.

Wherein, the hot water generating unit is a solar water heater, the installation position of the solar water heater is higher than the heat preservation pool, a microporous gas diffuser is arranged at the bottom of the photobioreactor, and the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected with the microporous gas diffuser.

Wherein, the cold water supply unit includes a cold water source and a cold water pump, the cold water source communicates with the solar water heater through the cold water pump, and the cold water pump is connected with the controller.

Wherein, a temperature sensor is arranged in the heat preservation water pool, and the temperature sensor is connected with the controller.

Wherein, the heat preservation water pool and the cold water pool are in the shape of back, the cold water pool is located outside the heat preservation water pool, and the height of the cold water pool is lower than that of the heat preservation water pool, and the top of the heat preservation water pool is provided with an overflow channel connecting the heat preservation water pool and the cold water pool.

Wherein, the ventilation equipment includes a connected wind compressor and a compressed gas storage tank, and the compressed gas storage tank is connected with a gas-liquid heat exchanger.

Another aspect of the present invention provides an algae culture system, which includes a photobioreactor, aeration equipment, and the above-mentioned ventilation pipeline temperature control system, and the photobioreactor and the aeration equipment exchange gas-liquid heat by being immersed in an insulated water pool device connection.

Wherein, the photobioreactor comprises a reactor main body, a partition unit and ventilation equipment, and the reactor main body is a bottom-covered tubular transparent body; the partition unit is located inside the reactor main body, and the reactor main body Divided into left and right spaces, the top and bottom of the separation unit are left with channels for communication between the left and right spaces; the gas-liquid heat exchanger and the bottom of any space of the reactor main body connected.

Wherein, the separation unit is a transparent pipe structure formed by connecting a row of vertical pipes in sequence, the upper and lower ends of each vertical pipe are sealed, and a light source is arranged in the vertical pipe near the middle position; an ultrasonic cleaning rod is arranged in the main body of the reactor, and the ultrasonic cleaning rod Connect with the controller.

Among them, it also includes a liquid inlet pipe network, a liquid outlet pipe network and a plurality of photobioreactors, the liquid inlet of each photobioreactor is connected with the liquid inlet pipe network, the liquid outlet of each photobioreactor is connected with the liquid outlet pipe network connection.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: under the control of the controller, the cold water supply unit supplies water source for the hot water generation unit, and the hot water generation unit leads to the heat preservation pool after the hot water is generated, and the temperature sensor is placed in the heat preservation water pool for real-time Monitor the water temperature in the heat preservation pool, maintain the appropriate water temperature in the heat preservation pool, and then conduct heat exchange with the gas-liquid heat exchanger, transfer the heat to the gas of the gas-liquid heat exchanger, and the gas-liquid heat exchanger communicates with the photobioreactor and passes into The air or carbon dioxide gas in the photobioreactor can have a temperature that is conducive to the growth of microalgae. After passing into the photobioreactor, it can provide a favorable environment for the growth of microalgae; the temperature sensor transmits the water temperature information of the heat preservation pool to the controller, and the controller Judging and controlling the hot water generating unit and the cold water supply unit to work, thereby ensuring that the water temperature in the thermal insulation pool is in a proper state.

In addition, in the ventilation and temperature control system and the algae cultivation system provided by the present invention, the heat preservation water pool and the cold water pool are designed to be adjacent or back-shaped, and this design serves multiple purposes: 1. In this way, the heat preservation pool can be corrected 2. Transfer excess heat to the cold water pool in time, reduce heat loss, increase the water temperature of the cold water pool, shorten the heating time of the water heater, and save energy; 3. The installation position of the solar water heater is higher than the heat preservation pool, and the solar energy The height difference between the water heater and the heat preservation pool and the height difference between the heat preservation pool and the cold water pool realize self-flow and overflow, energy saving and high efficiency; 4. The design is ingenious and simple, and it is easy to realize large-scale. In the present invention, the compressed air with a set temperature (which can also be mixed with a certain concentration of _CO2 gas) is passed into the photobioreactor to achieve multiple results in one fell swoop, that is, to realize the sufficient mixing of the algae liquid, and to realize the gas exchange and oxygen discharge of living cells at any time , It also realizes the control of the temperature of the algae liquid, and can also provide a carbon source for the microalgae. The heat energy here comes from solar energy, the compressed air energy comes from wind energy, and the CO ₂ gas comes from the exhaust gas discharged from the pretreated factory. Therefore, this system makes full use of natural resources to provide a suitable environment for microalgae, which can be described as the entire culture. The system uses clean energy, is low-carbon, green, and environmentally friendly, and is easy to realize automatic control; the invention adopts the design of connecting each photobioreactor with the liquid inlet pipe network and the liquid outlet pipe network, with simple structure and flexible assembly, which can make algae culture Realize controllable conditions, clean and low-carbon, environment-friendly, stable quality and high yield, low-cost operation and large-scale production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an algae cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1: photobioreactor; 2: heat preservation pool; 3: gas-liquid heat exchanger; 4: cold water supply unit; 5: hot water generation unit; 6: temperature sensor; 7: controller; 8: ventilation equipment ; 101: ultrasonic rod; 102: transparent tube structure; 401: cold water pool; 402: cold water pump; 801: compressed air storage tank; 802: wind air compressor.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of ventilation temperature control system for algae culture, and it comprises insulation pool 2, hot water generation unit 5, cold water supply unit 4, gas-liquid heat exchanger, controller 7 and temperature The sensor 6, the cold water supply unit 4, the hot water generating unit 5 and the heat preservation pool 2 are connected in sequence; one end of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected to the ventilation equipment, and the other end is connected to the photobioreactor. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 between them is submerged in the heat preservation pool 2 to balance the gas-liquid heat exchange. The temperature sensor 6 is arranged in the heat preservation pool 2 and connected to the controller 7. The hot water generation unit 5 and the cold water supply unit 4 are connected with the The controller 7 is electrically connected, and is controlled by the controller to work respectively.

In the above embodiment, under the control of the controller, the cold water supply unit supplies water to the hot water generating unit, and the hot water generating unit generates hot water and leads to the heat preservation pool. The temperature sensor 6 is placed in the heat preservation pool 2 to monitor the heat preservation pool in real time. 2, the heat preservation pool 2 maintains an appropriate water temperature and then performs heat exchange with the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3, and transfers the heat to the gas in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3, and the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 communicates with the photobioreactor. The air or carbon dioxide gas that passes into the photobioreactor can have a temperature that is beneficial to the growth of microalgae. After passing through the photobioreactor 1, it can provide a favorable environment for the growth of microalgae; the temperature sensor 6 transmits the water temperature information of the heat preservation pool 2 to The controller 7, the controller 7 judges and controls the hot water generating unit 5 and the cold water supply unit 4 to work, thereby ensuring that the water temperature in the heat preservation pool 2 is in an appropriate state.

Wherein, the ventilation equipment includes a connected wind compressor and a compressed gas storage tank, and the compressed gas storage tank is connected with a gas-liquid heat exchanger.

Specifically, the hot water generating unit 5 is a solar water heater, and the solar water heater communicates with the thermal insulation pool 2 to provide hot water to the thermal insulation pool 2; The gas disperser is connected, and the air or carbon dioxide passed into the photobioreactor is dispersed through the microporous gas disperser, and can be evenly passed into the algae liquid, which is conducive to the full mixing with the algae liquid and the growth of microalgae; specifically, The cold water supply unit 4 includes a cold water source and a cold water pump 402 , the cold water source is specifically a cold water pool 401 , and the cold water pool 401 communicates with the solar water heater through the cold water pump 402 .

The cold water source (pool) is connected with the water inlet pipe of the solar water heater through the cold water pump, and the controller and the temperature sensor monitor the change of the water temperature in the water heater. When the set temperature is reached, the cold water pump starts to replace the hot water at the set temperature to Insulation pool, at this time, the water heater is filled with cold water that needs to be heated, so that it will continue to provide hot water at a set temperature for the insulation pool over and over again, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the water temperature, and also control the temperature in the heat exchanger. The temperature of the compressed air controls the temperature of the photobioreactor; the hot water source is provided by the solar water heater, and the clean energy of the solar energy is used, which is low-carbon and environmentally friendly.

Preferably, the heat preservation pool 2 and the cold water pool 401 are designed to be adjacent or back-shaped, with the heat preservation pool inside and the cold water pool around. Generally, the height of the cold water pool is lower than that of the heat preservation pool, and the top of the heat preservation pool is provided with The overflow channel (overflow port) connecting the heat preservation pool and the cold water pool, when the hot water exceeds the volume of the heat preservation pool, the hot water will automatically flow into the cold water pool through the overflow port. This design minimizes heat loss and heat preservation of the heat preservation pool, making the temperature control of the heat preservation pool more convenient.

Another aspect of the present invention provides an algae breeding system comprising a photobioreactor 1, aeration equipment 8 and the above-mentioned ventilation pipeline temperature control system, and the photobioreactor 1 and aeration equipment 8 pass through a gas-liquid heat exchanger submerged in a heat preservation pool 2 3 connections. Ventilation equipment 8 is preferably connected with wind-force air compressor 802 and compressed air storage tank 801, and compressed-air storage tank 801 is connected with gas-liquid heat exchanger 3, while realizing gas source supply like this, by wind-force air compressor 802 can effectively Use wind energy, low carbon and environmental protection.

Specifically, the photobioreactor 1 comprises a reactor main body, a separation unit and an aeration device 8, and the reactor main body is a bottom-covered tubular transparent body; the separation unit is located inside the reactor main body, and the reactor main body is divided into left and right two Space, the top and bottom of the separation unit are left with channels for communication between the left and right spaces; the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 communicates with the bottom of any space of the reactor main body.

The above separation unit divides the main body of the reactor into two spaces, and the bottom of one space is connected with a ventilation device 8 to ventilate upwards, and the proportion of the algae liquid in this space increases due to the gas introduced, so that the algae liquid in the two spaces forms a specific gravity. The difference is that the algae liquid in the aerated space runs to the top through the channels left on the top of the two spaces, runs down into the non-ventilated space with the downward liquid flow, and then runs to the bottom through the channels left at the bottom of the two spaces. The liquid flow enters the aeration space, and the four-dimensional circulation and mixing of the algae liquid formed in this way is different from the traditional air-lift mixing, which increases the mixing efficiency, increases the aeration function, and reduces the consumption of air volume.

Further, the separation unit is a transparent pipe structure 102 formed by connecting a row of vertical pipes in sequence. The upper and lower ends of each vertical pipe are sealed, and a light source is arranged in the vertical pipe near the middle position. The setting of the light source can improve the internal temperature of the photobioreactor 1. The light conditions are conducive to the growth of microalgae; the main body of the reactor is provided with an ultrasonic cleaning rod, which is connected to the controller 7, and the ultrasonic cleaning rod is controlled by the controller 7, and the reactor is filled with clean water and put into the ultrasonic rod 101. Realize ultrasonic automatic washing.

Further, the algae breeding system includes a liquid inlet pipe network, a liquid outlet pipe network and a plurality of photobioreactors 1, the liquid inlet of each photobioreactor 1 is connected with the liquid inlet pipe network, and the outlet of each photobioreactor 1 The liquid port is connected to the liquid outlet pipe network, so that the large-scale cultivation of microalgae can be improved through the arrangement of the liquid inlet pipe network, the liquid outlet pipe network and a plurality of photobioreactors 1 .

In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, solar energy and wind energy are integrated into the algae breeding system, which realizes energy utilization and clean energy (95-99% energy can be provided) in the microalgae breeding process, and realizes green and low-carbon farming; The cultivation conditions can be controlled by the controller 7 (generally a computer), so as to achieve the goal of high and stable production; the cultivation conditions can also be controlled to achieve the purpose of microalgae cells accumulating some or some biologically active substances.

To sum up, in the ventilation and temperature control system for algae cultivation and the algae cultivation system provided by the present invention, the use of compressed air or carbon dioxide gas with a predetermined temperature to pass into the photobioreactor 1 not only enables the algae cells to mix, but also has The effect of regulating the temperature of the algae liquid; the central part of the photobioreactor 1 is provided with a transparent pipe structure 102, and the light source is arranged in the vertical pipe near the middle position, which can not only make the algae liquid circulate smoothly (four-dimensional circulation mixing), but also can Fill light inside, isolate the lighting body from the algae liquid, and provide good lighting conditions; use solar water heaters and wind-powered air compressors 802 to introduce light energy and wind energy into the photobioreactor system and algae cultivation system, so that microalgae cultivation consumes energy Minimized, green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly; through the arrangement of the liquid inlet pipe network, the liquid outlet pipe network and multiple photobioreactors 1, the production scale of the algae cultivation system of the present invention can be expanded, the production efficiency can be improved, and the production cost can be reduced.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of 1. ventilation temperature control system for algal culture, it is characterised in that：It include be incubated pond, hot water generation unit, Cold feed unit, gas-liquid heat exchanger and controller, cold feed unit, hot water generation unit and insulation pond connect successively Connect；Gas-liquid heat exchanger is immersed in insulation pond, and gas-liquid heat exchanger one end connects with aeration equipment, the other end and photo-biological Reactor connects；Controller is connected with cold feed unit and hot water generation unit, to control the confession of cold feed unit cold water Should and hot water generation unit hot water generation；The cold feed unit includes cold water source and water supply pump, and the cold water source passes through Water supply pump is connected with hot water generation unit, and the water supply pump is connected with controller；The cold water source is water cooling pond, the insulation water Pond is in three-back-shaped with water cooling pond, and water cooling pond is positioned at the outside in insulation pond, and the height of water cooling pond is less than the height in insulation pond, The overflow ducts of connection insulation pond and water cooling pond are provided with the top of insulation pond.
2. 2. the ventilation temperature control system according to claim 1 for algal culture, it is characterised in that：The hot water produces single Member is solar water heater, and the installation site of solar water heater is set higher than insulation pond, the bioreactor bottom There is micropore gas disperser, gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected with micropore gas disperser.
3. 3. the ventilation temperature control system according to claim 1 for algal culture, it is characterised in that：In the insulation pond Temperature sensor is provided with, temperature sensor is connected with controller.
4. 4. the ventilation temperature control system according to claim 1 for algal culture, it is characterised in that：The aeration equipment bag The revolution speed control mechanism for revolutable being connected and compressed gas holding vessel are included, compressed gas holding vessel is connected with gas-liquid heat exchanger.
5. A kind of 5. algal culture system, it is characterised in that：It includes bioreactor, aeration equipment and claim 1-4 and appointed Breather line temperature control system described in one, the bioreactor is with aeration equipment by being immersed in gas-liquid in insulation pond Heat exchanger connects.
6. 6. algal culture system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The bioreactor includes reactor master Body, separating element and aeration equipment, the reactor body are the transparent body of back cover tubulose；The separating element is positioned at described anti- The inside of device main body is answered, the reactor body is divided into left and right two spaces, the top and bottom of the separating element are stayed There is the passage for the connection of left and right two spaces；The gas-liquid heat exchanger and the bottom in any space of the reactor body Connection.
7. 7. algal culture system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The separating element is that row's vertical tube connects successively Connect the transparent calandria structure to be formed, each vertical tube upper and lower end sealing, by setting light source in the vertical tube in centre position；Reactor body Ultrasonic cleaning rod is inside provided with, is cleaned by ultrasonic rod and is connected with controller.
8. 8. algal culture system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Its also include feed liquor pipe network, drain pipe net and Multiple bioreactors, the inlet of each bioreactor are connected with feed liquor pipe network, the liquid outlet of each bioreactor It is connected with drain pipe net.