CN109244165B - 高寿命的太阳能电池板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高寿命的太阳能电池板,包括由多个太阳能电池片矩阵排列的电池片组件,电池片组件从上至下依次包括抗老化层、钢化玻璃层、第一胶黏剂层、电池层、第二胶黏剂层、背板层和支撑层;电池层包括电池片、互联条和汇流条;互联条用于串联电池片;汇流条与互联条电连接;背板层背面设置接线盒;接线盒与汇流条电连接。本发明的高寿命的太阳能电池板通过对胶黏剂层进行改性,提高了其使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能光伏发电配件技术领域,特别涉及一种高寿命的太阳能电池板。
背景技术
太阳能作为一种新兴能源,与传统的化石燃料相比,具有取之不尽用之不竭、清洁环保等各方面的优势。目前主要的一种太阳能利用方式是通过太阳能电池组件将接收的光能转化为电能输出,其可以是由若干太阳能电池(或称光伏电池)串联后进行封装并按方阵排列形成的大面积电池组件。其中,太阳能电池吸收光能,电池两端出现异号电荷的积累,即产生“光生电压”,这就是“光生伏特效应”,在光生伏特效应的作用下,太阳能电池的两端产生电动势,从而将光能转换成电能。在太阳能电池板中,发电主体是晶体硅电池片,其结构为钢化玻璃层、胶黏剂层、电池片、胶黏剂层和背板层,在现有技术中,主要采用EVA树脂作为胶黏剂层,但EVA暴露在空气中易老化发黄,会影响透光率,从而影响发电效率,并且,长期暴露于空气中时,EVA与钢化玻璃、电池片的粘结强度也会大大下降,从而影响光伏板组件寿命。
发明内容
针对上述现有的太阳能电池板寿命低的问题,本发明提供一种高寿命的太阳能电池板。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中:包括由多个太阳能电池片矩阵排列的电池片组件,所述电池片组件从上至下依次包括抗老化层、钢化玻璃层、第一胶黏剂层、电池层、第二胶黏剂层、背板层和支撑层;所述电池层包括电池片、互联条和汇流条;所述互联条用于串联电池片;所述汇流条与互联条电连接;所述背板层背面设置接线盒;所述接线盒与汇流条电连接;
其中,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层均主要由以下重量份的材料组成:
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括2~4重量份的CrAlC。
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括2~4重量份的聚乙烯醇。
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括0.5~1重量份的四甲基苯醌。
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述抗老化层为聚三氟氯乙烯层,厚度为10~50um。
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中,六氟丙烯含量为8~12wt%,乙烯含量为30~40wt%,其余为醋酸乙烯酯。
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量为4500~4800g/mol。
优选的是,所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中,所述聚三氟氯乙烯的的数均分子量为2000~2400g/mol。
有益效果:
本发明的高寿命的太阳能电池板通过对胶黏剂层进行改性,提高其使用寿命。通过EVA中引入六氟丙烯分子,提高其与其它层之间的粘结强度,并提高其抗老化和耐热能力;通过加入聚三氟氯乙烯提高胶黏剂层的透光性能和粘结稳定性;聚癸二酸酐作为交联剂,提高胶黏剂层的粘结强度和耐热性能。TiAlC2和氟化钾作为填料,提升胶黏剂的耐老化性和耐高温性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明中高寿命的太阳能电池板的电池片组件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是,对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
参照图1,本发明提供一种高寿命的太阳能电池板,其中:包括由多个太阳能电池片矩阵排列的电池片组件,电池片组件从上至下依次包括抗老化层7、钢化玻璃层6、第一胶黏剂层5、电池层4、第二胶黏剂层3、背板层2和支撑层1;电池层4包括电池片、互联条和汇流条;互联条用于串联电池片;汇流条与互联条电连接;背板层背面设置接线盒;接线盒与汇流条电连接;
其中,第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层均主要由以下重量份的材料组成:
本案对EVA进行了改性,在EVA中引入六氟丙烯分子,提高其与其它层之间的粘结强度,并提高其抗老化和耐热能力;通过加入聚三氟氯乙烯提高胶黏剂层的透光性能和粘结稳定性;有机硅改性聚氨酯树脂与六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物结合后可以阻止胶黏剂在被紫外照射后发硬发黄,以保持较好的结构韧性和透光度,从而保证电池片组件的发电效率;聚癸二酸酐作为交联剂,在线型的分子之间产生化学键,使线型分子相互连在一起,形成网状结构,提高胶黏剂层的粘结强度和耐热性能,六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚三氟氯乙烯、有机硅改性聚氨酯树脂在聚癸二酸酐作用下自身产生交联反应并与高分子树脂产生接枝反应,形成的网络结构将高分子树脂和分散在树脂中的填料包裹其中,防止胶黏剂产生相分离,提供胶黏剂优异的耐拉伸抗断裂性能和耐热防水能力。TiAlC2和氟化钾作为填料,提升胶黏剂的耐老化性和耐高温性能。
作为本案另一实施例,其中,第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括2~4重量份的CrAlC。
作为本案又一实施例,其中,第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括2~4重量份的聚乙烯醇。聚乙烯醇可以明显改善胶黏剂内部的韧性。
作为本案又一实施例,其中,第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括0.5~1重量份的四甲基苯醌。四甲基苯醌能够将油分子束缚于交联的网状结构内,使胶黏剂处于比较稳定的状态,增强胶浆粘滞性。
作为本案又一实施例,其中,抗老化层为聚三氟氯乙烯层,厚度为10~50um。
作为本案又一实施例,其中,六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中,六氟丙烯含量为8~12wt%,乙烯含量为30~40wt%,其余为醋酸乙烯酯。研究发现,当对六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中六氟乙烯、乙烯及醋酸乙烯酯的配比进行限定后,可获得更优的抗老化性能、粘结性能和耐热性能。
作为本案又一实施例,其中,六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量为4500~4800g/mol。研究也发现,六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量也应被限制,当超出该优选的范围后,胶黏剂的性能将偏离最佳值。
作为本案又一实施例,其中,聚三氟氯乙烯的的数均分子量为2000~2400g/mol。研究发现,当对聚三氟氯乙烯的数均分子量进行限定后,可获得更优的透光性能和粘结稳定性能。
下面列出一些具体的实施例和对比例以及性能测试结果:
附:EVA树脂的初始粘结强度/20℃为3.46MPa,户外暴露100天后的粘结强度/20℃为2.74MPa,极限耐受紫外照射时间/25W,20℃为100h。
以上结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下,对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,仍落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于:包括由多个太阳能电池片矩阵排列的电池片组件,所述电池片组件从上至下依次包括抗老化层、钢化玻璃层、第一胶黏剂层、电池层、第二胶黏剂层、背板层和支撑层;所述电池层包括电池片、互联条和汇流条;所述互联条用于串联电池片;所述汇流条与互联条电连接;所述背板层背面设置接线盒;所述接线盒与汇流条电连接;
其中,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层均主要由以下重量份的材料组成:
2.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括2~4重量份的CrAlC。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括2~4重量份的聚乙烯醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述第一胶黏剂层和第二胶黏剂层还包括0.5~1重量份的四甲基苯醌。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述抗老化层为聚三氟氯乙烯层,厚度为10~50um。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中,六氟丙烯含量为8~12wt%,乙烯含量为30~40wt%,其余为醋酸乙烯酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述六氟丙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量为4500~4800g/mol。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高寿命的太阳能电池板,其特征在于,所述聚三氟氯乙烯的数均分子量为2000~2400g/mol。
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