CN109235810A - 一种聚酯纤维吸音板 - Google Patents
一种聚酯纤维吸音板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109235810A CN109235810A CN201811004382.XA CN201811004382A CN109235810A CN 109235810 A CN109235810 A CN 109235810A CN 201811004382 A CN201811004382 A CN 201811004382A CN 109235810 A CN109235810 A CN 109235810A
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种聚酯纤维吸音板,包括聚酯纤维板和吸音膜,还包括空腔板;所述空腔板包括纸质矩形框架,框架厚度方向的两个面上粘贴有若干聚酯纤维纱布层;所述聚酯纤维纱布层为粘接在一起的至少3层聚酯纤维布;所述聚酯纤维吸音板在厚度方向上由聚酯纤维板、空腔板、吸音膜、空腔板、聚酯纤维板复合而成;所述聚酯纤维布是由石墨烯聚酯纤维纺织得到,所述石墨烯聚酯纤维是以聚酯切片、石墨烯聚酯母粒熔融混纺制备得到的。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及建筑装饰材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种聚酯纤维吸音板。
背景技术
聚酯纤维吸音板是一种理想的吸声装饰材料,具有环保、阻燃、隔热、保温、防潮、防霉变、易除尘、易切割、可拼花、施工简便、性价比优等特点,有多种花纹和颜色可供选择,可满足不同风格和层次的装修要求。聚脂纤维吸音板在国内装饰材料和声学工程领域,应用非常广泛,得到众多国内著名声学专家的肯定与赞扬,并深受各界室内设计师、声学设计师之信赖和选用,成为国内大部份城市的建筑声学、工业降噪、产品降噪等工程的材料首选。在建筑装饰中被大量使用;然而,现有技术中,聚酯纤维吸音板效果有待提高。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种聚酯纤维吸音板,以解决上述提出问题。
本发明的实施例中提供了一种聚酯纤维吸音板,包括聚酯纤维板(1)和吸音膜(3),还包括空腔板(2);所述空腔板包括纸质矩形框架(21),框架厚度方向的两个面上粘贴有若干聚酯纤维纱布层(22);所述聚酯纤维纱布层(22)为粘接在一起的至少3层聚酯纤维布;所述聚酯纤维吸音板在厚度方向上由聚酯纤维板、空腔板、吸音膜、空腔板、聚酯纤维板复合而成;所述聚酯纤维布是由石墨烯聚酯纤维纺织得到,所述石墨烯聚酯纤维是以聚酯切片、石墨烯聚酯母粒熔融混纺制备得到的。
优选地,所述石墨烯聚酯母粒是将石墨烯粒子与聚酯粉料混合、造粒得到的,其中,石墨烯粒子的质量含量为15%;所述石墨烯粒子是这样得到的:石墨烯经过表面磺酸基团功能化处理,将石墨烯与表面活性剂按照2:1的质量比混合,经搅拌、分散得到石墨烯粒子。
优选地,所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇;所述石墨烯粒子粒径为200nm;石墨烯粒子中,所述石墨烯负载有Co和Ni,负载量分别为2%、5%。
本发明的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果:
本发明的吸音板质量更轻,具有更好的吸音效果,还兼具阻燃效果。
本申请附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本申请的实践了解到。应当理解的是,以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的,并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
利用附图对本发明作进一步说明,但附图中的实施例不构成对本发明的任何限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据以下附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本发明的结构示意图,
图2空腔板的结构示意图。
其中:1聚酯纤维板,2空腔板,3吸音膜,21纸质矩形框架,22聚酯纤维纱布层。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明,其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时,除非另有表示,不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本发明相一致的所有实施方式。相反,它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本发明的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
本申请的实施例涉及一种聚酯纤维吸音板,包括聚酯纤维板和吸音膜,还包括空腔板;所述空腔板包括纸质矩形框架,框架厚度方向的两个面上粘贴有若干聚酯纤维纱布层;所述聚酯纤维纱布层为粘接在一起的至少3层聚酯纤维布;所述聚酯纤维吸音板在厚度方向上由聚酯纤维板、空腔板、吸音膜、空腔板、聚酯纤维板复合而成。
本技术方案在吸音板内外两个表层采用的是聚酯纤维板,使产品保持外观平整,内部则设计为两片空腔板,空腔板中间夹有吸音膜,在厚度方向上构成了聚酯纤维板、空腔板、吸音膜、空腔板、聚酯纤维板的结构。空腔板是纸质矩形框架,厚度方向的两个面上均粘贴有聚酯纤维纱布层,聚酯纤维纱布层则由至少3层聚酯纤维布粘接而成。这样的设计,在厚度上使用空腔板替代了部分聚酯纤维板,减少了重量,使用聚酯纤维纱布层同样可以弥补减少的聚酯纤维板厚度所实现的吸音效果,而且由于两纸质矩形框架之间设有吸音膜,对生活中最常见的低频噪音具有更优异的吸收效果。复合工艺可选粘接、热固等。
作为优选,所述聚酯纤维板朝外的面上设有凹凸的纹路。这些凹凸的纹路可以对噪音进行漫反射,部分噪音可以在漫反射中互相干扰而抵消,有助于吸音效果。同时,这些凹凸的纹路可以进行适当的美学设计,帮助提升环境美感。
作为优选,所述吸音膜为聚氨酯材质。聚氨酯材质吸音膜,具有吸收、降解低频噪音的功能,其吸声机理是根据此合成材料具有比表面积大,弹性大的特点,通过材料内部大量微小的连通孔隙,当声波沿着这些孔隙深入材料内部时,就会与材料发生一系列阻尼、反射、摩擦作用,将声能转化成热能消耗掉,从而达到吸音的功效。且结合了微穿孔技术,根据厂商提供的参数,穿孔直径可达0.2mm,吸声频率可达3-4Oct,吸声系数最高可达0.89。
作为优选,所述吸音膜的厚度小于0.5mm。较薄的吸音膜更易变形,受到声波压力后变形的效果更好,吸音的效果也更好。
作为优选,所述纸质矩形框架由硬纸板切割而成,厚度为1~2mm。纸质矩形框架不但需要较薄的厚度,也需要一定的强度,因此本方案选取了足够厚的硬纸板整体切割而成,厚度保持在1~2mm。
作为优选,所述纸质矩形框架内部在长宽面积方向上被硬纸板分隔为至少4个独立空间。纸质空间内部设计了至少4个独立空间,每个独立空间都形成一个小的消音空间,相邻空间之间的格挡对外部粘贴的聚酯纤维纱布层起到支撑作用,也对纸质矩形框架的整体强度起到支撑作用。
作为优选,所述聚酯纤维布中平行的两束纤维的间距至少5倍于纤维直径。本方案中选用的聚酯纤维布的相邻平行线的间距宜稀不宜密,经纬线交叉形成的孔宜大不宜小。较大的孔隙可以允许更多的噪音音波进入而被消除。
作为优选,所述聚酯纤维板为阻燃型聚酯纤维板。为了提高防火阻燃效果,本方案选用了阻燃型聚酯纤维板。
作为优选,所述聚酯纤维布是由石墨烯聚酯纤维纺织得到,本技术方案通过改善填料,使得石墨烯聚酯纤维的吸音和力学性能取得平衡。
作为优选,该石墨烯聚酯纤维是以聚酯切片、石墨烯聚酯母粒熔融混纺制备得到的;所述石墨烯聚酯纤维中,石墨烯聚酯母粒的质量占比为4-9%,余量为聚酯。现有技术中,通常是通过在聚酯纤维制备过程中添加功能性粉料,以使得聚酯纤维具有相应的功能;本公开技术方案中,通过将聚酯切片、石墨烯聚酯母粒熔融混纺,在保持聚酯纤维力学性能的前提下,增强聚酯纤维的吸音功效,取得了意料不到的有益效果。
优选地,所述石墨烯聚酯纤维中,石墨烯聚酯母粒的质量占比为6%,余量为聚酯。
具体的,该石墨烯聚酯母粒是将石墨烯粒子与聚酯粉料混合、造粒得到的,其中,石墨烯粒子的质量含量为15%。该石墨烯粒子是这样得到的:石墨烯经过表面磺酸基团功能化处理,将石墨烯与表面活性剂按照2:1的质量比混合,经搅拌、分散得到石墨烯粒子。石墨烯是一种由一系列单层sp2杂化的碳原子以六边形紧密堆积成的二维碳质新型纳米材料,其结构与蜂窝类似,由于其厚度最薄可以达到一个碳原子的厚度,导致石墨烯具有很多优异的性能,包括高模量、高比表面积、高导电性等,这些促进了石墨烯在电子元件、能量储存等领域的应用;本公开实施方式中,将石墨烯与聚酯粉料造粒得到石墨烯聚酯母粒,其能够有效提高聚酯纤维的力学性能。
优选地,所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇;所述石墨烯粒子粒径为200nm;石墨烯粒子中,所述石墨烯负载有Co和Ni,负载量分别为2%、5%。
作为优选,所述石墨烯粒子外面设有一层由SnO2纳米颗粒构成的壳结构;所述SnO2纳米颗粒粒径为20-50nm。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做出进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例中,一种石墨烯聚酯纤维,该聚酯纤维是以聚酯切片、石墨烯聚酯母粒熔融混纺制备得到的;其中,石墨烯聚酯母粒的质量占比分别为6%;
该石墨烯聚酯母粒是将石墨烯粒子与聚酯粉料混合、造粒得到的,其中,石墨烯粒子的质量含量为15%;石墨烯粒子中,所述石墨烯负载有Co和Ni,负载量分别为2%、5%;该石墨烯粒子是这样得到的:将负载石墨烯与表面活性剂按照2:1的质量比混合,经搅拌、分散得到石墨烯粒子;所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇;所述石墨烯粒子粒径为200nm;
如下为本实施例石墨烯聚酯纤维的制备方法:
步骤1、制备石墨烯聚酯母粒
在50ml去离子水中加入1g硝酸钴和2.5g硝酸镍,完全溶解,然后将溶解有硝酸钴和硝酸镍的去离子水溶液加入到200ml的乙二醇中,得到混合液,将混合液与氧化石墨烯悬浮液加入到四口瓶中,于50℃恒温水浴环境下,强力搅拌3h,得到反应溶液;再取400ml去离子水,向其中加入氢氧化钠,使溶液pH为10,然后加入硼氢化钠,制得0.1mol/L的硼氢化钠水溶液,并将其慢慢加入到反应溶液中,添加回流装置,在120℃下加热回流2h,过滤得到反应产物,将反应产物用去离子水清洗,然后干燥,粉碎,得到负载石墨烯粉末;将负载石墨烯与聚乙烯醇按照2:1的质量比混合,经搅拌、分散得到石墨烯粒子;将石墨烯粒子加入到聚酯粉料中,采用双螺杆造粒工艺制得石墨烯聚酯母粒;
步骤2、制备聚酯纤维
称取石墨烯聚酯母粒与聚酯切片进行混合干燥;干燥在真空转鼓干燥机中进行,借助真空系统将水分随空气一起抽除,干燥温度为130℃;干燥后的原料在螺杆挤出机作用下熔融后的熔体经熔体泵送至均质除杂搅拌器中进行均一化除杂处理,熔体在均质除杂搅拌器的停留时间为30min~90min;均质除杂后的聚酯熔体经熔体泵送至二级过滤器,过滤后的熔体经设置在管道上的混合熔体后进入纺丝箱体,纺丝箱温度控制在250~280℃;将纺丝后的纤维进行牵伸加工,即得所述石墨烯聚酯纤维。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的力学性能:其中,单丝纤度为1.5dtex,断裂强度为3.8cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为31%。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的负离子性能:采用大气离子浓度相对标准测量装置进行检测,将本申请得到的聚酯纤维和普通聚酯纤维分别剪裁成10×10cm2大小,距离上述检测装置6.5cm2的吸风口2mm左右,测量空气中负离子浓度,得到本申请的聚酯纤维负离子发射个数为4831个负离子/cm3,而普通聚酯纤维的负离子浓度基本为零,说明本申请的聚酯纤维具有良好的负离子发射性能。
实施例2
本实施例在实施例1基础上,不同之处在于,石墨烯聚酯纤维中,石墨烯聚酯母粒的质量占比为4%。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的力学性能:其中,单丝纤度为1.4dtex,断裂强度为3.5cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为26%。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的负离子性能:采用大气离子浓度相对标准测量装置进行检测,将本申请得到的聚酯纤维和普通聚酯纤维分别剪裁成10×10cm2大小,距离上述检测装置6.5cm2的吸风口2mm左右,测量空气中负离子浓度,得到本申请的聚酯纤维负离子发射个数为4542个负离子/cm3,而普通聚酯纤维的负离子浓度基本为零,说明本申请的聚酯纤维具有良好的负离子发射性能。
实施例3
本实施例在实施例1基础上,不同之处在于,石墨烯聚酯纤维中,石墨烯聚酯母粒的质量占比为9%。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的力学性能:其中,单丝纤度为1.5dtex,断裂强度为3.2cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为25%。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的负离子性能:采用大气离子浓度相对标准测量装置进行检测,将本申请得到的聚酯纤维和普通聚酯纤维分别剪裁成10×10cm2大小,距离上述检测装置6.5cm2的吸风口2mm左右,测量空气中负离子浓度,得到本申请的聚酯纤维负离子发射个数为3685个负离子/cm3,而普通聚酯纤维的负离子浓度基本为零,说明本申请的聚酯纤维具有良好的负离子发射性能。
实施例4
本实施例在实施例1基础上,不同之处在于,所述石墨烯粒子外面设有一层由SnO2纳米颗粒构成的壳结构,所述SnO2纳米颗粒粒径为20-50nm;
所述壳结构的制备过程为:
配置80ml含有0.08mol/L的SnCl2·2H2O和0.19mol/L的C6H5Na3O7·2H2O的水溶液,混合搅拌均匀,然后向其中加入石墨烯粒子和负离子复合粉体,继续搅拌情况下,再加入1.1g的SnSO4,搅拌均匀后,将混合溶液转入微波水热反应仪内胆中,维持反应温度为195℃,在该温度下反应6h,待反应结束后自然冷却,离心分离出反应生成物,并用去离子水和乙醇离心清洗,干燥,得到具有壳结构的石墨烯粒子和负离子复合粉体。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的力学性能:其中,单丝纤度为1.4dtex,断裂强度为3.5cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为34%。
测定本实施例中聚酯纤维的负离子性能:采用大气离子浓度相对标准测量装置进行检测,将本申请得到的聚酯纤维和普通聚酯纤维分别剪裁成10×10cm2大小,距离上述检测装置6.5cm2的吸风口2mm左右,测量空气中负离子浓度,得到本申请的聚酯纤维负离子发射个数为4981个负离子/cm3,而普通聚酯纤维的负离子浓度基本为零,说明本申请的聚酯纤维具有良好的负离子发射性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳方式,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种聚酯纤维吸音板,包括聚酯纤维板(1)和吸音膜(3),其特征在于,还包括空腔板(2);所述空腔板包括纸质矩形框架(21),框架厚度方向的两个面上粘贴有若干聚酯纤维纱布层(22);所述聚酯纤维纱布层(22)为粘接在一起的至少3层聚酯纤维布;所述聚酯纤维吸音板在厚度方向上由聚酯纤维板、空腔板、吸音膜、空腔板、聚酯纤维板复合而成;所述聚酯纤维布是由石墨烯聚酯纤维纺织得到,所述石墨烯聚酯纤维是以聚酯切片、石墨烯聚酯母粒熔融混纺制备得到的。
2.根权利要求1所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述聚酯纤维板朝外的面上设有凹凸的纹路。
3.根权利要求1所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述吸音膜为聚氨酯材质。
4.根权利要求1所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述吸音膜的厚度小于0.5mm。
5.根权利要求1所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述纸质矩形框架由硬纸板切割而成,厚度为1~2mm;所述纸质矩形框架内部在长宽面积方向上被硬纸板分隔为至少4个独立空间。
6.根权利要求1所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述聚酯纤维布中平行的两束纤维的间距至少5倍于纤维直径;所述聚酯纤维板为阻燃型聚酯纤维板。
7.根权利要求1所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述石墨烯聚酯母粒是将石墨烯粒子与聚酯粉料混合、造粒得到的,其中,石墨烯粒子的质量含量为15%;所述石墨烯粒子是这样得到的:石墨烯经过表面磺酸基团功能化处理,将石墨烯与表面活性剂按照2:1的质量比混合,经搅拌、分散得到石墨烯粒子。
8.根权利要求7所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为聚乙烯醇;所述石墨烯粒子粒径为200nm;石墨烯粒子中,所述石墨烯负载有Co和Ni,负载量分别为2%、5%。
9.根权利要求8所述的一种聚酯纤维吸音板,其特征在于,所述石墨烯聚酯纤维的制备方法:
步骤1、制备石墨烯聚酯母粒
在50ml去离子水中加入1g硝酸钴和2.5g硝酸镍,完全溶解,然后将溶解有硝酸钴和硝酸镍的去离子水溶液加入到200ml的乙二醇中,得到混合液,将混合液与氧化石墨烯悬浮液加入到四口瓶中,于50℃恒温水浴环境下,强力搅拌3h,得到反应溶液;再取400ml去离子水,向其中加入氢氧化钠,使溶液pH为10,然后加入硼氢化钠,制得0.1mol/L的硼氢化钠水溶液,并将其慢慢加入到反应溶液中,添加回流装置,在120℃下加热回流2h,过滤得到反应产物,将反应产物用去离子水清洗,然后干燥,粉碎,得到负载石墨烯粉末;将负载石墨烯与聚乙烯醇按照2:1的质量比混合,经搅拌、分散得到石墨烯粒子;将石墨烯粒子加入到聚酯粉料中,采用双螺杆造粒工艺制得石墨烯聚酯母粒;
步骤2、制备聚酯纤维
称取石墨烯聚酯母粒与聚酯切片进行混合干燥;干燥在真空转鼓干燥机中进行,借助真空系统将水分随空气一起抽除,干燥温度为130℃;干燥后的原料在螺杆挤出机作用下熔融后的熔体经熔体泵送至均质除杂搅拌器中进行均一化除杂处理,熔体在均质除杂搅拌器的停留时间为30min~90min;均质除杂后的聚酯熔体经熔体泵送至二级过滤器,过滤后的熔体经设置在管道上的混合熔体后进入纺丝箱体,纺丝箱温度控制在250~280℃;将纺丝后的纤维进行牵伸加工,即得所述石墨烯聚酯纤维。
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