CN109234255B - 一种α-葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因与应用 - Google Patents
一种α-葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109234255B CN109234255B CN201811457513.XA CN201811457513A CN109234255B CN 109234255 B CN109234255 B CN 109234255B CN 201811457513 A CN201811457513 A CN 201811457513A CN 109234255 B CN109234255 B CN 109234255B
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Abstract
本发明涉及α‑葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因与应用。本发明首次揭示了石蒜属植物忽地笑的α‑葡萄糖苷酶,其具有良好的转葡萄糖基活性,可以产生α‑葡萄糖苷物质。本发明还揭示了编码所述α‑葡萄糖苷酶的多核苷酸,表达所述α‑葡萄糖苷酶的载体与宿主细胞,以及生产α‑熊果苷的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术和植物生物学领域;更具体地,本发明涉及一种来源于石蒜科植物的α-葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因与应用。
背景技术
α-葡萄糖苷酶(α-glucosidase,alpha-glucosidase,EC 3.2.1.20)在植物体中具有重要的生理作用。淀粉的水解是植物种子萌发过程中最重要的事件之一,产生为胚芽生长提供能量的碳源物质—D-葡萄糖。在植物种子萌发过程中,α-葡萄糖苷酶作用于α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉酶和脱支酶水解淀粉产生的麦芽糖及麦芽寡糖,生成游离的D-葡萄糖。目前,研究者已对多种植物的α-葡萄糖苷酶编码基因进行了克隆和表达分析,发现不同来源的α-葡萄糖苷酶的底物特异性差异很大。荞麦和甜菜来源的α-葡萄糖苷酶具有长链麦芽寡糖的底物特异性,例如,二者对麦芽七糖的Kcat/Km值分别是其对麦芽糖的8倍和50倍;而大麦α-葡萄糖苷酶更倾向于催化短链底物。
α-葡萄糖苷酶不仅能够催化水解末端非还原性的α-1,4连接的葡萄糖苷键释放D-葡萄糖,还能够将从低聚糖类底物非还原末端释放的葡萄糖残基转移到另一糖类或苯酚类或蛋白质类底物的羟基形成α-1,6葡萄糖苷键,产生非发酵性的低聚异麦芽糖或糖苷、糖酯、糖肽等,在低聚异麦芽糖及一些非天然的α-葡萄糖苷等生产领域具有重要的应用。
忽地笑(Lycoris aurea)是多年生草本球根药用植物,属于石蒜科石蒜属,富含加兰他敏、石蒜碱、文殊兰碱等石蒜科植物所特有的生物碱(石蒜科生物碱)与其它生物碱、以及其它类型的植物天然产物(如α-葡萄糖苷等)。这些天然产物具有重要的生物活性和应用价值。例如,加兰他敏作为一种特定的、竞争性的、可逆的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,在临床上用于治疗阿尔茨海默病(老年痴呆症)。又例如,作为一种苯酚衍生物,α-熊果苷(对-羟基苯-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷)通过其糖苷键的水解缓慢释放活性组分氢醌(对-羟基苯酚,对苯二酚),能够抑制参与黑色素合成的关键酶酪氨酸酶的活性。相较于氢醌,α-熊果苷是一种安全、温和的用于治疗色素沉着过度失调症的试剂。此外,α-熊果苷还能保护肌肤免受自由基的侵害,亲水性佳,在化妆品工业具有巨大的市场潜力。这些天然产物具有广泛的应用和需求。在这些天然产物的生物合成过程中,α-葡萄糖苷酶其中。但是,石蒜属植物α-葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因尚未被分离与克隆。因此,本领域有必要开发石蒜属植物忽地笑的α-葡萄糖苷酶。该蛋白及其编码基因可通过植物转基因和异源表达的方式进行天然产物的生物转化与生物合成。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种石蒜科植物的α-葡萄糖苷酶,所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶选自:
(a)氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示的蛋白质;或
(b)将SEQ ID NO:1氨基酸序列经过一个或多个(如1─21个)氨基酸残基的取代、缺失或添加而形成的,且具有α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的由(a)衍生的蛋白质;或
(c)与SEQ ID NO:1氨基酸序列有至少80%序列相同性,且具有α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的由(a)衍生的蛋白质。
本发明SEQ ID NO:1所示的蛋白质是从忽地笑(Lycoris aurea)中分离得到的一种新的α-葡萄糖苷酶。为便于表述,将SEQ ID NO:1所示的蛋白质命名为α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl。
在一个优选例中,所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性是指利用麦芽糖为底物,产生D-葡萄糖。
在另一个优选例中,所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶活性是指以麦芽糖为糖基供体,催化转糖基反应合成α-葡萄糖苷产物。
在另一个优选例中,所述的序列(c)还包括:由(a)或(b)添加了标签序列、信号序列或分泌信号序列后所形成的融合蛋白。
本发明的另一目的在于提供分离的多核苷酸,该多核苷酸是编码所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的多核苷酸。
在一个优选例中,该多核苷酸的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
应理解,考虑到密码子的简并性以及不同物种密码子的偏好性,本领域技术人员可以根据需要使用合适特定物种表达的密码子。因而,本发明α-葡萄糖苷酶的多核苷酸还包括由SEQ ID NO:2所示核苷酸序列经取代、缺失和/或增加一个或几个核苷酸,得到的编码具有α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的核苷酸序列。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种载体,它含有所述的多核苷酸。所述的载体是将本发明的编码所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的多核苷酸与表达载体可操作地连接,得到能够表达本发明所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的重组表达载体或抑制本发明所述α-葡萄糖苷酶编码多核苷酸表达的基因沉默载体。
在一个优选例中,该载体是含有编码所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的SEQ ID NO:2所示序列的重组表达载体pET28a-LaAgl。
在另一个优选例中,该载体是含有编码所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的SEQ ID NO:2所示序列中第64-2613位多核苷酸的重组表达载体pET28a-LaAgl(ΔN21)。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种表达构建物。所述表达构建物包括以下酶的编码基因和/或基因表达盒:
所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶;和/或
糖基受体生物合成酶。
所述基因表达盒是酶在宿主细胞中表达与调控所需要的生物学元件,包括启动子、增强子、衰减子、核糖体结合位点、Kozak序列、内含子和/或转录终止子等;此外,还可包括标签编码序列和/或信号(肽)编码序列等。
在一个优选例中,所述的表达构建物还包括大肠杆菌启动子、大肠杆菌核糖体结合位点和/或大肠杆菌转录终止子。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种宿主细胞,它含有所述的载体或表达构建物或基因组中整合有所述的多核苷酸。所述的宿主细胞是原核细胞或真核细胞。常用的原核宿主细胞包括大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、运动假单胞菌和乳酸菌等;常用的真核宿主细胞包括真菌细胞、植物细胞、昆虫细胞和哺乳动物细胞等。所述的真菌细胞包括酵母细胞。将所述的重组表达载体或者基因沉默载体或者表达构建物导入所述的适当宿主细胞中,获得表达本发明所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的基因工程菌株、转基因细胞系、转基因愈伤、转基因组织、转基因植株或者基因工程植株。更佳地,所述的宿主细胞是内源存在糖基受体物质或其前体的细胞。
本发明的又一目的是提供所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶的用途,用于转葡萄糖基给糖基受体,产生α-葡萄糖苷产物。
在一个优选例中,所述的糖基受体是对苯二酚;或所述的产物是α-熊果苷。
本发明的又一目的是提供所述的表达构建物的用途,用于生产α-熊果苷。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种生产α-熊果苷的方法。所述方法包括:利用所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶,以麦芽糖为糖基供体,以对苯二酚为糖基受体,合成α-熊果苷。
在一个优选例中,所述方法包括:以所述的表达构建物转化宿主细胞,利用转化的宿主细胞催化对苯二酚和麦芽糖合成α-熊果苷;所述的宿主细胞是原核细胞或真核细胞。常用的原核宿主细胞包括大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、运动假单胞菌和乳酸菌等;常用的真核宿主细胞包括真菌细胞、植物细胞、昆虫细胞和哺乳动物细胞等。所述的真菌细胞包括酵母细胞。
本发明首次揭示了石蒜科植物忽地笑来源的α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl,其具有良好的转葡萄糖基产生α-葡萄糖苷的活性。本发明还揭示了编码所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的多核苷酸、表达所述α-葡萄糖苷酶的表达载体及宿主细胞。本发明应用石蒜科植物来源的α-葡萄糖苷酶,可以实现天然产物(例如但不限于α-熊果苷)的生物转化以及生物合成。
附图说明
图1是α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl和LaAgl(ΔN21)合成α-熊果苷的HPLC检测图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例并附图,进一步阐述本发明。
以下实施例进一步说明本发明的内容,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改或替换,均属于本发明的范围。
若未特别指明,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例1、α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl编码基因的克隆
合成两条引物分别具有序列表中SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4的核苷酸序列。
以从忽地笑中提取的RNA反转录获得的cDNA为模板,利用如上两条引物SEQ IDNO:3和SEQ ID NO:4进行PCR。DNA聚合酶选用南京诺唯赞生物科技有限公司的Super-Fidelity DNA聚合酶。PCR扩增程序为:95℃5min;94℃45s,56℃45s,72℃3min,共30个循环;72℃10min,降至10℃。PCR产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测。
在紫外灯照射下,切下目标DNA条带。然后采用多功能DNA纯化试剂盒(离心柱型)(北京百泰克生物技术有限公司)从琼脂糖凝胶中回收DNA即为扩增出的α-葡萄糖苷酶编码基因的DNA片段。利用宝生物工程(大连)有限公司(TaKaRa)的pMD19-T克隆试剂盒,将回收的PCR产物克隆到pMD19-T载体,所构建的载体命名为pMDT-LaAgl。经测序获得LaAgl的编码基因序列。
α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl编码基因具有序列表中SEQ ID NO:2的核苷酸序列。自SEQ IDNO:2的5’-端第1-2613位核苷酸为LaAgl编码基因的开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame,ORF),自SEQ ID NO:2的5’-端的第1-3位核苷酸为LaAgl编码基因的起始密码子ATG,自SEQID NO:2的5’-端的第2611-2613位核苷酸为LaAgl编码基因的终止密码子TAA。α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl编码基因编码一个含有870个氨基酸的蛋白质LaAgl,具有SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列,用软件预测到该蛋白质的理论分子量大小为96 751Da,等电点pI为5.29。
实施例2、α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl重组表达载体的构建
(1)合成分别具有序列表中SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:7核苷酸序列的两条引物。在合成的引物SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:7的5’-端分别设置NdeI和NotI两个酶切位点及其保护碱基序列,以忽地笑的cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增。PCR扩增程序同实施例1。PCR扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测、分离、切胶回收后经NdeI和NotI双酶切,利用宝生物工程(大连)有限公司(TaKaRa)的T4DNA连接酶连接同样经NdeI和NotI双酶切的pET28a载体(Novagen)中。连接产物转化大肠杆菌(E.coli)DH5α(购自南京诺唯赞生物科技有限公司)感受态细胞,并涂布于添加25μg/mL卡那霉素的LB平板上。通过菌落PCR验证获得阳性转化子。通过测序进一步验证重组质粒pET28a-NdeI-LaAgl-NotI构建成功,并在NdeI和NotI酶切位点之间含有SEQ ID NO:2的全长多核苷酸序列。所获得的重组质粒命名为pET28a-LaAgl。
(2)合成分别具有序列表中SEQ ID NO:6和SEQ ID NO:7核苷酸序列的两条引物。在合成的引物SEQ ID NO:6和SEQ ID NO:7的5’-端分别设置NdeI和NotI两个酶切位点及其保护碱基序列,以忽地笑的cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增。PCR扩增程序同实施例1。PCR扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测、分离、切胶回收后经NdeI和NotI双酶切,利用T4DNA连接酶(购自宝生物工程(大连)有限公司(TaKaRa))连接同样经NdeI和NotI双酶切的pET28a载体(Novagen)中。连接产物转化大肠杆菌(E.coli)DH5α(购自南京诺唯赞生物科技有限公司)感受态细胞,并涂布于添加卡那霉素(终浓度为25μg/mL)的LB平板上。通过菌落PCR验证获得阳性转化子。测序进一步验证重组质粒pET28a-NdeI-LaAgl(ΔN21)-NotI构建成功,并在NdeI和NotI酶切位点之间含有SEQ ID NO:2多核苷酸序列中64-2613位核苷酸。所获得的重组质粒命名为pET28a-LaAgl(ΔN21)。
实施例3、α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl和LaAgl(ΔN21)的表达
(1)将重组质粒pET28a-LaAgl利用热击法(42℃,90s)转化进入大肠杆菌Rosseta(DE3)感受态细胞中,获得重组大肠杆菌Rosseta(DE3)/pET28a-LaAgl。挑取单克隆过夜培养,再将菌液按100倍稀释于含卡那霉素(终浓度为25μg/mL)的LB培养基中培养。待菌液生长至600nm波长下吸光度为0.6-0.8时,加入诱导剂异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)(终浓度为0.1mmol/L)进行诱导培养,培养温度为25℃。
(2)将重组质粒pET28a-LaAgl(ΔN21)利用热击法(42℃,90s)转化进入大肠杆菌Rosseta(DE3)感受态细胞中,获得重组大肠杆菌Rosseta(DE3)/pET28a-LaAgl(ΔN21)。挑取单克隆过夜培养,再将菌液按100倍稀释于含卡那霉素(终浓度为25μg/mL)的LB培养基中培养。待菌液生长至600nm波长下吸光度为0.6-0.8时,加入诱导剂异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)(终浓度为0.1mmol/L)进行诱导培养,培养温度为25℃。
实施例4、α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl和LaAgl(ΔN21)合成α-熊果苷
(1)配制200mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH 7.2)。
(2)收集诱导12h的细菌培养液于8000rpm、4℃离心5min,弃上清后用0.85%NaCl溶液洗涤菌体1次。菌体用麦芽糖(1.5M)-磷酸钠缓冲液(pH 7.2,125mM)重悬后全部转移到250ml无菌三角瓶中,加入对苯二酚(购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司)母液至终浓度为100mM-250mM,混匀,于25℃-40℃、160rpm-250rpm震荡培养16h–24h。
(3)取生物转化液于沸水煮10min。室温下,12000rpm,离心5min。取上清用0.22μm孔径滤膜过滤,滤液上样高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)进行分析。分析条件为:采用LC-20A高效液相色谱仪(岛津,日本),InertSustain C18色谱柱(5μm,4.6mm×250mm),柱温30℃,二极管阵列检测器,波长282nm,进样量10μl,流动相为20%甲醇(v/v),流速0.8mL/min,等度洗脱。分析结果如图1,结果表明:α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl和LaAgl(ΔN21)均能够合成产物α-熊果苷;α-熊果苷含量达到20g/L-35g/L。可以理解为,α-葡萄糖苷酶LaAgl和LaAgl(ΔN21)均具有转葡萄糖基活性,可用于糖基受体的葡萄糖基化产生α-葡萄糖苷。
上述参照具体实施方式是对该一种α-葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因与应用所进行的详细描述,是说明性的而不是限定性的,可按照所限定范围列举出若干个实施例;因此,在阅读了本发明的上述内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修饰,在不脱离本发明总体构思下的变化和修改同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
序列表
<110> 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所
<120> 一种α-葡萄糖苷酶及其编码基因与应用
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Claims (12)
1.一种α-葡萄糖苷酶,其特征在于,所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶选自:
(a) 氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示的蛋白质;或
(b) 氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1的22-871位所示的多肽。
2.编码权利要求1所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶的多核苷酸;所述的多核苷酸包括分离的多核苷酸,其特征在于,该多核苷酸的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
3.一种载体,其特征在于,它含有权利要求2所述的多核苷酸。
4.权利要求3所述的载体的用途,其特征在于,表达权利要求1所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶。
5.一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,它含有权利要求3所述的载体或基因组中整合有权利要求2所述的多核苷酸。
6.权利要求1所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶的用途,其特征在于,转葡萄糖基给对苯二酚产生α-熊果苷。
7. 一种表达构建物,其特征在于,所述表达构建物包括以下酶的编码基因和基因表达盒:
(a) 权利要求1所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶;和
(b) 对苯二酚生物合成酶。
8.一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述的宿主细胞中含有权利要求7所述的表达构建物;所述的宿主细胞是原核细胞或真核细胞;所述的原核宿主细胞包括大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、运动假单胞菌和乳酸菌,所述的真核宿主细胞包括真菌细胞、植物细胞、昆虫细胞和哺乳动物细胞,所述的真菌细胞包括酵母细胞。
9.根据权利要求8所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述的宿主细胞是内源存在对苯二酚或其前体的细胞。
10.权利要求7所述的表达构建物或权利要求8-9任一项所述的宿主细胞的用途,其特征在于,生产α-熊果苷。
11.一种生产α-熊果苷的方法,其特征在于,利用权利要求1所述的α-葡萄糖苷酶生产α-熊果苷;所述的方法包括:以权利要求3所述的载体或权利要求7所述的表达构建物转化宿主细胞,培养转化的宿主细胞,合成α-熊果苷;所述的宿主细胞是原核细胞或真核细胞;所述的原核宿主细胞包括大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、运动假单胞菌和乳酸菌;所述的真核宿主细胞包括真菌细胞、植物细胞、昆虫细胞和哺乳动物细胞;所述的真菌细胞包括酵母细胞。
12.根据权利要求11所述的一种生产α-熊果苷的方法,其特征在于,所述的宿主细胞是内源存在对苯二酚或其前体的细胞。
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