CN109233853A - A kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent and its application - Google Patents
A kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109233853A CN109233853A CN201811158183.4A CN201811158183A CN109233853A CN 109233853 A CN109233853 A CN 109233853A CN 201811158183 A CN201811158183 A CN 201811158183A CN 109233853 A CN109233853 A CN 109233853A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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Abstract
A kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent and its application, group are divided into aluminum sulfate and polyacrylamide.The present invention is suitable for the improvement for the Cl-Na type salt-affected soil that soil salt content is 1 ~ 6 g/kg.The present invention can quickly improve soil physical and chemical property, significantly reduce the soil weight, improve soil permeability, inhibit capillary rising, soil water evaporation and the accumulation of salinity earth's surface, improve soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation and ventilatory function, promote plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alkaline land soil improvement with utilize technical field, be related to a kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent and its answer
With.
Background technique
Salinized soil is to be acted in soil by salt and alkali component, including all solonchak, alkaline earth and various different degrees of salinization and alkali
Change the general designation of soil.The common feature of various types of salinized soil is the salt and alkali component containing high level in soil, soil reason
It is poor to change property, causes most plants growth to be suppressed, cannot even survive under serious situation.When soluble organic fraction in soil
One or more of accumulation to a certain extent after, cause damages to plant growth, soil reforms into solonchak or alkaline earth.
Salinized soil is that the widely distributed soil types of one kind is present in the whole world throughout each continent (Antarctic Continent waits to investigate)
A countries and regions more than 100 are especially distributed in Arid&semi-arid area most wide.China's salinized soil integrated distribution North China, northwest,
Northeast and coastal, it be the main middle low yield soil types in China that area, which accounts for the whole nation, which can utilize the 4.88% of land area,.In people
Today of mouth demand and rapid economic development, salinized soil have become a kind of important reserve land resources.It is physically improved, chemical to change
Good, biological modification and hydraulic engineering measure are common improvement of salt and alkaline land methods and achieve research achievement and technology product abundant
It is tired.Physical control measure mainly include sand blinding, soil moved in improve the original improvement, deep ploughing dig, level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time,
Raise the measures such as landform.Chemical control methods Main way is the development and application of saline and alkaline transformation agent, including application solubility calcium
Salt, acids and at acids chemical substance etc..Biological control measure refers to halophytes of the plantation with economic value on salinized soil,
Modified utilization salinized soil can be reached simultaneously and obtain the dual purpose of good economic benefits, be conducive to the benign of ecological environment and follow
Ring and permanent construction；Mainly there is salt tolerant, inhale salt planting technology, increases green manure, organic fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer etc. and improve the soil skill
Art, straw-returning and biological cover technique etc..Hydraulic engineering measure mainly includes the methods of bright ditch, underdrain, drainage by shaft wells, lotus
Salt-soda soil is transformed with closed drainage engineering technology large area in the states such as orchid, Pakistan, in the transformation of seashore beach, shelterbelt construction
Etc. all achieve certain effect.Wherein, chemical improvement agent is since its is quick, advantage at low cost and obtained more
It is widely applied.Currently, many modifying agents are with gypsum, calcium superphosphate, calcium sulfate, quick lime, calcium hydroxide etc. for major ingredient,
The content of soil calcium ion is increased while replacing soil sodium ion, chronic administration be easy to cause alkalization of soils: such as Tianjin
A kind of 201710583439.5 " inorganic-organic hybrid improvement of salt and alkaline land agent " of urban construction university, Wei Feng nest
200710037644.8《Salination soil modifying agent composition and application thereof", the Shandong gardens Sheng Wei Science and Technology Ltd.
201610544109.0《A kind of salinized soil homogeneous modification method based on desulfurized gypsum".Some modifying agent types are excessively single:
It is only a kind of with aluminum sulfate such as Jilin Agriculture University CN200410010772.x " a kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner and modification method "
Material；The refined CN201310359499.0 of Zhao Ya " salt affected soil modification method " only uses a kind of microorganism of lactic acid bacteria, improved effect
Not comprehensively.The present invention selects aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and main component of the anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) as modifying agent,
To obtain the Optimum formulae of improvement salt-affected soil；Wherein aluminium ion can replace the sodium ion in soil, and PAM is common soil
Earth texture modifier and good water-retaining agent.
In field trials, the modifying agent of above-mentioned Optimum is combined, forms different improvement agent prescriptions, passes through
Measurement to the basic physicochemical character of soil, while the indexs such as soil porosity, water properties, nutrient are analyzed, study modifying agent
Different amounts are to the improved effect of salt-affected soil, so that it is determined that the suitable modifying agent of salt-affected soil is matched under the conditions of planting
Side.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of solution: the present invention is difficult with Amelioration of saline soil for arable land at present, improves at high cost, soil
A series of realistic problems such as the easy accumulation of salt in the surface soil, soil fertility condition difference provide salt-affected soil modifying agent and its application of a kind of high efficiency, low cost.
Technical solution: a kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent, modifying agent is by aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and anionic polypropylene
Amide (PAM) composition, quality proportioning 10:3.
Above-mentioned aluminum sulfate derives from commercial sulphuric acid aluminium, wherein Al2O3The pH of >=15.60wt.%, 1% aqueous solution is
3.21；The molecular weight of PAM is 3,000,000.
Application of the above-mentioned modifying agent in salt-affected soil improvement.
Above-mentioned salt-affected soil is Cl-Na type salt-affected soil.
Above-mentioned modifying agent is improving salt-affected soil structure, improves Soil Micro-environment and is enhancing answering in retention capacity of soil
With.
Above-mentioned application specific method is the soil for being 1~2g/kg for salt content, and modifying agent dosage is 940kg/hm2
~1050kg/hm2；The soil for being 2~4g/kg for salt content, modifying agent dosage are 1040kg/hm2~1170kg/hm2；
The soil for being 4~6g/kg for salt content, modifying agent dosage are 1120kg/hm2~1350kg/hm2。
The modifying agent of above-mentioned application be it is powdered, be uniformly spread on earth's surface with base manure, rotary tillage depth of soil is 20cm, rotary tillage 2
Time, it is ensured that modifying agent is evenly distributed in the soil, after application 3~5 days, carries out normal crop-planting.
(1) a kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent screening test of determination of modifying agent proportion carries out in Jiangsu Province strip mud reclamation area,
Using the form of field plot, plot area 4m*3m.9 processing, the application that each processing modifying agent uses is arranged in test altogether
It is as shown in the table for amount, using randomized complete-block design, in triplicate, totally 27 cells.Each cell applies 420kg/hm2N
Fertilizer and 280kg/hm2P2O5As base manure, wherein N fertilizer is provided by urea, P2O5It is provided by diammonium hydrogen phosphate.Planting plants are more
Year raw rye grass (Lolium perenne L.).Material is poured water after spreading fertilizer over the fields to field capacity, stands 1 day, then uniformly
Ryegrass seed is sowed, guarantees that each processing field management measure is consistent.
The processing of 1 screening test of table
Screening test is respectively handled to physical and chemical indexes such as soil conductivity (EC), pH value (pH), capillary porosity and bulk density
Influence it is as shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4.Processing 5 can reduce soil salt content well, improve soil acidity or alkalinity, increase soil
The content of air and moisture in gap, makes soil become loose.It is aluminum sulfate 840kg/hm that testing sieve, which selects suitable dosage,2Match
Apply PAM 252kg/hm2(the two mass ratio is 10:3, and every part of dosage is 84kg/hm2).It is 80~90kg/ according to every part of dosage
hm2, determine that the suitable modifying agent dosage of moderate salinization soil is 1040kg/hm2~1170kg/hm2。
(2) a kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent, group are divided into aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3, industrial) and anion pp acyl
Amine (PAM), each component content is Al in aluminum sulfate2O3>=15.60%, Fe≤0.70%, water-insoluble≤0.15%, pH
(1% aqueous solution) >=3.0；The molecular weight of PAM is 3,000,000.Modifying agent 10:3 in mass ratio is mixed, in soil moisture content good situations
Under, earth's surface is uniformly spread on base manure such as a certain amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, rotary tillage depth of soil is 20cm, rotary tillage 2 times, it is ensured that material
It is evenly distributed in the soil.After material is applied 3~5 days, normal crop-planting is carried out.
The utility model has the advantages that aluminum sulfate can dramatically increase the coarse aggregate of soil > 2mm and the thin macro aggregate of 0.25~2mm
Content, diameter of average weight (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) value of body；It dramatically increases soil porosity and saturation is led
Water rate is obviously improved the fresh weight and dry weight of Available phosphorus vigor, urase vigor and rye grass；To soil capillary pore
Degree, bulk density, hollow billet water content, the influence of saturation moisture content and field capacity be not significant.PAM can significantly reduce soil conductivity
Rate and pH value are obviously improved porosity, water properties and the alkaline phosphatase activities of soil.
Aluminum sulfate combination PAM can significantly reduce 0~60cm soil conductivity, reduce the pH value of 0~40cm soil, significantly
Improve R0.25 (ratio that > 0.25mm aggregate accounts for aggregate total amount), MWD and GMD value, and can dramatically increase capillary porosity,
Hollow billet water content, soil ammonium and increase rye grass fresh weight and dry weight.
Therefore, aluminum sulfate combination PAM is in terms of improving soil texture, improving Soil Micro-environment and enhancing retention capacity of soil
There is remarkable effect, is a kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent rapidly and efficiently.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the variation diagram of soil EC under screening test different disposal；
Fig. 2 is the variation diagram of soil pH under screening test different disposal；
Fig. 3 is the variation diagram of soil capillary porosity under screening test different disposal；
Fig. 4 is the variation diagram of the soil weight under screening test different disposal；
Fig. 5 is the influence diagram that modifying agent handles to different soil 5:1 soil ratio soil conductivity in case study on implementation 1；
Fig. 6 is the influence diagram that modifying agent handles to different soil 5:1 soil ratio soil pH in case study on implementation 1；
Fig. 7 is the response characteristic figure that 0~20cm soil layer soil porosity handles modifying agent in case study on implementation 1；
Fig. 8 is the influence diagram that modifying agent handles to 0~20cm soil layer soil weight in case study on implementation 1；
Fig. 9 is the response characteristic figure that 0~20cm soil layer soil moisture characteristic handles modifying agent in case study on implementation 1；
Figure 10 is the influence diagram that modifying agent handles to rye Herbage harvest in case study on implementation 1；
Figure 11 is the influence diagram that invention handles to 5:1 soil ratio soil conductivity in case study on implementation 2；
Figure 12 is the influence diagram that invention handles to 5:1 soil ratio soil pH in case study on implementation 2；
Figure 13 is the influence diagram that invention handles to the soil weight in case study on implementation 2；
Figure 14 is the response characteristic figure that soil porosity handles invention in case study on implementation 2；
Figure 15 is the response characteristic figure that soil moisture characteristic handles invention in case study on implementation 2；
Figure 16 is the influence diagram that invention handles to rye Herbage harvest in case study on implementation 2.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Applying dosage of the invention is aluminum sulfate 840kg/hm2, PAM 252kg/hm2.Enforcement place is that strip mud is cultivated
Area is located at the east side Dongtai City of Jiangsu Province Jianggang Gang Zhen, belongs to north subtropical monsoon climatic region, has apparent maritime monsoon climate
Feature makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, and temperature on average is 14.6 DEG C；Rainfall focused mostly in June to September, average precipitation 1051.0mm, frost-free period
220 days.The underground water buried depth of trial zone is integrally shallower, and mainly based on clay, 20~50cm of thickness is differed soil, and section 40~
It is usually the gley horizon that taupe, green brown is presented below 60cm depth.Chief crop is rice, corn, wheat, is managed substantially
Change property and is shown in Table 2.
2 physiochemical properties of soil of table
Experimental field soil is the sandy soil after retrogradation, and structural difference, retain water and nutrients ability is poor；Due to it
Do not pass through long-term cultivation, for soil not through overcuring, nutrient and the content of organic matter are lower.This test selects perennial rye
Grass is as studying object.Test process is as shown in table 3, and each processing repeats three times, amounts to 12 cells, plot area 20*
15=300m2.Other field management are consistent with locality.
3 test process of table
As a result and evaluate: in 0~60cm soil layer it can be seen from case study on implementation Fig. 5, compared with the control, all processing are equal
Conductivity can be reduced, wherein the treatment effect for singly applying aluminum sulfate is best.Same processing different soil soil salt shows first to rise
The variation tendency dropped afterwards.In 0~40cm soil layer, all processing can reduce soil pH value, wherein present invention processing is preferable.With it is right
Photograph ratio, respectively handling 40~60cm soil layer soil pH increased (Fig. 6).
Each processing can improve the soil weight (Fig. 8) and soil porosity (Fig. 7), wherein improvement of the invention is most
It is good；It singly applies aluminum sulfate and the present invention all has preferable effect in terms of promoting soil capillary pore；The present invention is improving soil
Hollow billet water content, saturation moisture content and saturated hydraulic conductivity etc. (Fig. 9) are significantly better than control and other processing；Overall effect
The present invention > mono- PAM > mono- of applying applies aluminum sulfate > CK.
Compared with the control, all to handle the fresh weight and dry weight (Figure 10) that can increase rye grass；The present invention is for rye grass
Effect of increasing production it is the most significant.
To sum up, singly applying aluminum sulfate or PAM has apparent excellent results to different soil physico-chemical properties is improved；Using this
After invention, soil physical and chemical property more singly applies aluminum sulfate or PAM is significantly improved, and yield is significantly improved.
Embodiment 2
Applying dosage of the invention is aluminum sulfate 985kg/hm2, PAM 295kg/hm2.Enforcement place is Jiangsu Province Nantong
City Qidong strand industry park, geographical location are east longitude 121 ° 50 ' 35.0 ", 31 ° 53 ' 48.3 of north latitude ", height above sea level 1.5m, away from seashore
Linear distance 1.7km.It is located in northSubtropical zoneMoist climate region, maritime monsoon climate feature is obvious, and 15 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, year
Precipitation is 1037.1mm, average relative humidity 81%, annual sunshine time 2073 hours；Frost-free period is 222 days.
Trial zone is original plot, and without man's activity, soil labile organic matter is as shown in table 4.Test process is this
Two kinds (CK) of invention and control, wherein CK does not apply any modifying agent, and in triplicate, totally 6 cells, each plot area are 10m*
15m.Other field management are consistent with locality.
The experimental field soil labile organic matter of table 4
As a result and evaluate: as shown in Figure 11,12,13, compared with the control, the present invention can be substantially reduced soil conductivity
(EC), pH and the soil weight.After the present invention, soil conductivity (5:1 soil ratio) drops to 1.63ds/ by 1.88ds/cm
cm；Surface soil alkalinity environment is eased；The soil weight is by 1.43g/cm3Drop to 1.35g/cm3, soil texture becomes loose；Soil
Strengthened (Figure 14) in earth gap, and water content therein increased (Figure 15).After improvement, the fresh weight and dry weight of rye grass
There is apparent increase.
To sum up, the present invention can reduce the soil salt content of severe salinized soil, improve soil texture, and it is empty to increase soil
Gap promotes the accumulation of its substance in vivo to be conducive to the growth of rye grass.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of salt-affected soil modifying agent, it is characterised in that modifying agent is by aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and anionic polyacrylamide
Amine (PAM) composition, quality proportioning 10:3.
2. salt-affected soil modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminum sulfate derives from commercial sulphuric acid aluminium, wherein
Al2O3>=15.60wt.%, the pH of 1% aqueous solution are 3.21；The molecular weight of PAM is 3,000,000.
3. application of the modifying agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in salt-affected soil improvement.
4. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the salt-affected soil is Cl-Na type salt-affected soil.
5. modifying agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is improving salt-affected soil structure, is improving Soil Micro-environment and enhancing soil water-retaining energy
Application in power.
6. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the soil for being 1 ~ 2g/kg for salt content, modifying agent are used
Amount is 940 kg/hm2~1050 kg/hm2；The soil for being 2 ~ 4g/kg for salt content, modifying agent dosage are 1040 kg/hm2
~1170 kg/hm2；The soil for being 4 ~ 6g/kg for salt content, modifying agent dosage are 1120 kg/hm2~1350 kg/hm2。
7. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that modifying agent be it is powdered, be uniformly spread on earth's surface with base manure, revolve
Plough depth of soil be 20cm, rotary tillage 2 times, it is ensured that modifying agent is evenly distributed in the soil, application 3 ~ 5 days after, carry out normal crop
Plantation.
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| CN103109615A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-22 | 北京天食和谷农业科技有限公司 | Improvement method for saline-alkali soil |
| CN104276903A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-14 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Chemical improvement conditioner suitable for coastal beach and strongly saline-alkaline land and application method thereof |
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| CN106518506A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-22 | 沈阳中科新型肥料有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil modifying agent with fertilizer synergia effect |
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2018
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| SU1237655A1 (en) * | 1983-10-20 | 1986-06-15 | Новочеркасский Ордена "Знак Почета" Инженерно-Мелиоративный Институт | Method of producing fertilizer-ameliorator for salines |
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| CN106518506A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-22 | 沈阳中科新型肥料有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil modifying agent with fertilizer synergia effect |
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