CN109220605A - A kind of vegetable cultivation technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to based on agricultural planting, prevention and treatment, biological control, physical control is taken to combine with artificial control, and in particular to a kind of vegetable cultivation technology.Scientifically and rationally to select efficient, less toxic, low-residual chemical pesticide, Determination of Pesticide Residues in Vegetable is made to be lower than the food sanitation standard of national regulation.Vegetables production technology reasonably adjusts sowing time, promotes the narrow compartment of zanjon, Efficient Cultivation, the rational application of fertilizer improves plant resistant to diseases and insects by selecting disease-resistant variety；By using biological pesticide, carries out trapping and manually slaughter to combine using the taxis of pest, produce high-quality pollution-free vegetable, meet daily life demand.

Description

A kind of vegetable cultivation technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to the production cultivation field of vegetables, specifically a kind of vegetable cultivation technology.

Background technique

For vegetables due to preventing and treating disease pest, it is more universal that pesticide abuses phenomenon at present, and Pesticide Residues in Vegetables is caused often to exceed The food sanitation standard of national regulation has seriously endangered the health of people.This planting technology takes a set of aggregate measures, ensure that High-quality, the low medicine of vegetables is residual, non-hazardous.

Summary of the invention

The technical scheme is that

1, based on cultural control, the environment for being unfavorable for pest and disease damage generation is created.

(1) disease-resistant variety is selected, seed treatment is advocated.Vegetables should select the excellent variety that growth cycle is short, premunition is strong, All kinds of seeds should carry out disinfection processing prior to seeding.It is such as impregnated 10-15 minutes with 55 degree of thermostatted waters, it is also possible to 0.3% thiram Or 1% dipped into formalin 10-15 minutes, it is sowed again after being rinsed well with clear water.

(2) sowing time is reasonably adjusted, certain pest and disease damages are circumvented.Autumn cucumber is such as arranged in sowing mid-July, can reduce disease Viral disease, Chinese cabbage can be sowed after the beginning of autumn to the Limit of Heat, and radish is preferably the sowing of White Dew to the Frost's Descent.

(3) the narrow compartment of zanjon, high baby's cultivation are promoted.Accomplish that compartment ditch, to enclose ditch mating, it is dry that rain stops ditch, mitigates disease.

(4) rational application of fertilizer improves plant resistant to diseases and insects.Accomplish that base fertilizer foot, top dressing are diligent, and pay attention to increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, no Shi Wei decomposed fertilizer.It is dense to the vegetables foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate such as solanaceous vegetables, beans, melon when combining prevention and treatment disease pest Degree is 0.2%-0.3%, crop disease-resistant worm ability not only can be improved, and have apparent effect of increasing production.

(5) rural area is cleared up in time, reduces germ.Rural area is cleared up in time after crop harvest.In field management, accomplish and Shi Dingmiao, it thinning, prunes, prune that it is climing to tie up with insert rack, extracing sick leaf, worm leaf, disease fruit, pull out diseased plant.Ground is ploughed deeply, crop rotation is carried out It changes crops.Front and back stubble arranges growing different crops as far as possible.

2, biological control, physical control are combined with artificial control.

(1) biological pesticide is widelyd popularize.To cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, melon open country snout moth's larva, bacillus thruingensis agent etc. can be used, after medication in case of Rain will be mended in time and be controlled.

(2) it is trapped and killed using the taxis of pest.From late February to mid-April, with sweet and sour wine liquid trapping black cutworm etc.. Sugar 3 parts, 3 parts of vinegar, 3 parts of wine, 10 parts of water be put into alms bowl, be put into a little washing powder or metrifonate, per acre 4-5 alms bowl.6-8 month branch Moth is lured, 4-5 handle, adheres to that late receipts are early put, eliminates prodenia litura, capsicum blueness worm etc. per acre.It can also be trapped and killed with trap lamp.

(3) it manually slaughters.It was found that cutworm, mole cricket etc. will take off native deinsectization in time.

3, pesticide is scientifically and rationally used.

(1) can with microbial pesticide just do not have to chemical pesticide, can with low dosage do not have to high dose, can spot film recuperate under medical treatment Not universal medication.

(2) vegetables for closing on harvest do not have to chemical pesticide.

(3) it promotes urea and detergent to prevent eliminating aphis, proportion is 1 part of urea, 0.2 part of washing powder, 100 parts of water.

(4) forbid using 1605,1059,666, the high poisons, persistent pesticide such as DDT.

Technical effect

The present invention takes biological control, physical control to combine with artificial control based on cultural control, scientific and reasonable The chemical pesticide of efficient, low toxicity, low-residual is selected on ground, guarantees that Determination of Pesticide Residues in Vegetable is lower than the food sanitation standard of national regulation, It takes the technology that can produce high-quality pollution-free vegetable, meets daily life demand.

Specific embodiment

It selects smooth flat, selects disease resistant cucumber kind " one series winding ", 1% dipped into formalin 15 of cucumber seeds is divided Clock, rubs the mucous membrane for removing kind of skin with the hands with sandy soil after being rinsed well with clear water, vernalization in packet wet cloth vernalization 3 days, is washed in a pan with clean warm water daily It washes seed 1 time, can be sowed when seed germ grows to 1 centimetre.

By consolidation compartment ditch, to enclose ditch mating, guarantees to drop down water after can raining so smooth.With the chicken manure pair of fermentation maturity Use sufficient base fertilizer to cucumber.

After planting, 1.6 centimetres of disease-free, weed free soil of drying are being spread above.Growth period maintains suitable wet Degree.When growing to 20 centimeter length, to foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, concentration 0.2% improves the resistant to diseases and insects of cucumber, and And there is apparent effect of increasing production.

In field management, accomplishes to extract sick leaf in time, worm leaf, disease fruit, pulls out diseased plant.It is wild to cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, melon Snout moth's larva, 0.07 hectare is with 100 grams of bacillus thruingensis agent, to cucumber spray disinfection.From late February to mid-April, with 3 parts of sugar, 3 parts of vinegar, 3 parts of wine, 10 parts of water are put into alms bowl, are put into a little metrifonate, and 5 alms bowl of 0.07 hectare traps and kills black cutworm.The 6-8 month lures moth with H. armigera, and per acre 5 , adhere to that late receipts are early and puts, elimination prodenia litura, capsicum blueness worm etc..It was found that aphid, is prevented and treated with urea and detergent, proportion is urea 1 Part, 0.2 part of washing powder, 100 parts of water, mix spraying desinsection thoroughly.It was found that cutworm, mole cricket etc. take off native deinsectization in time.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of vegetable cultivation technology, main feature are as follows:

(1) disease-resistant variety is selected, seed treatment is advocated.Vegetables should select the excellent variety that growth cycle is short, premunition is strong, all kinds of Seed should carry out disinfection processing prior to seeding.It is such as impregnated 10-15 minutes with 55 degree of thermostatted waters, it is also possible to 0.3% thiram or 1% It dipped into formalin 10-15 minutes, is sowed again after being rinsed well with clear water；

(2) sowing time is reasonably adjusted, certain pest and disease damages are circumvented.Autumn cucumber is such as arranged in sowing mid-July, can reduce virus Disease, Chinese cabbage can be sowed after the beginning of autumn to the Limit of Heat, and radish is preferably the sowing of White Dew to the Frost's Descent；

(3) the narrow compartment of zanjon, high baby's cultivation are promoted.Accomplish that compartment ditch, to enclose ditch mating, it is dry that rain stops ditch, mitigates disease；

(4) rational application of fertilizer improves plant resistant to diseases and insects.Accomplish that base fertilizer foot, top dressing are diligent, and pay attention to increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, does not apply not Decomposed fertilizer.When combining prevention and treatment disease pest, to the vegetables foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate such as solanaceous vegetables, beans, melon, concentration is 0.2%-0.3% not only can be improved crop disease-resistant worm ability, and have apparent effect of increasing production；

(5) rural area is cleared up in time, reduces germ.Rural area is cleared up in time after crop harvest.In field management, it is fixed in time to accomplish Seedling thinning, prunes, prunes that it is climing to tie up with insert rack, extracts sick leaf, worm leaf, disease fruit, pulls out diseased plant.Ground is ploughed deeply, crop rotation is carried out and changes Stubble.Front and back stubble arranges growing different crops as far as possible.

2. biological control, physical control are combined with artificial control.

(1) biological pesticide is widelyd popularize.To cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, melon open country snout moth's larva, bacillus thruingensis agent etc. can be used, in case of rain is wanted after medication It mends and controls in time；

(2) it is trapped and killed using the taxis of pest, from late February to mid-April, with sweet and sour wine liquid trapping black cutworm etc..Sugar 3 Part, 3 parts of vinegar, 3 parts of wine, 10 parts of water be put into alms bowl, be put into a little washing powder or metrifonate, per acre 4-5 alms bowl.6-8 month H. armigera Moth is lured, per acre 4-5 handle, adheres to that late receipts are early put, eliminate prodenia litura, capsicum blueness worm etc..It can also be trapped and killed with trap lamp.

3. scientifically and rationally using pesticide.

(1) can with microbial pesticide just do not have to chemical pesticide, can with low dosage do not have to high dose, can spot film recuperate under medical treatment it is not general All over medication；

(2) vegetables for closing on harvest do not have to chemical pesticide；

(3) it promotes urea and detergent to prevent eliminating aphis, proportion is 1 part of urea, 0.2 part of washing powder, 100 parts of water.