CN109220524B

CN109220524B - Schizophyllum commune strain and ultrashort period cultivation method of fruiting body thereof

Info

Publication number: CN109220524B
Application number: CN201811144813.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李荣春; 马布平
Original assignee: Yunnan Mushroom World Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yunnan Mushroom World Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-29
Filing date: 2018-09-29
Publication date: 2020-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-29
Also published as: CN109220524A

Abstract

A method for ultra-short period cultivation of Schizophyllum commune strain and its fruiting body, wherein the Schizophyllum commune strain is named Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9(Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9), and is preserved in preservation unit with name: the preservation date of China center for type culture, CCTCC for short, is 29 months 8 in 2018, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2018577. The invention develops a new Schizophyllum commune variety and provides an excellent parent strain for filling Schizophyllum commune germplasm resources. The cultivation period is long, the cultivated sporocarp is fertile in leaves, hypha grows fast and ages slowly, mushroom peaks are tidy, the yield is high, the quality is excellent, and the taste is unique.

Description

Schizophyllum commune strain and ultrashort period cultivation method of fruiting body thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungi, and particularly relates to a Schizophyllum commune strain and a cultivation method of fruiting bodies of the Schizophyllum commune strain.

Background

Schizophyllum commune belongs to the phylum Eumycophyta, Basidiomycetes (Basidiomycetes), Agaricales (Agaricales), Schizophyllaceae (Schizophyllaceae), Schizophyllum (Schizophyllum). The wild species are mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, inner Mongolia, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Gansu, Tibet, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places. The Schizophyllum commune fruiting body is edible when tender, has delicious taste, rich nutrition and high toughness, and has obvious effect of treating gynecological diseases such as abnormal leucorrhea of women. In addition, the Schizophyllum commune polysaccharide contained in Schizophyllum commune has been a research hotspot in recent years, and has important effects on resisting tumor, preventing aging and enhancing memory.

The selection and cultivation of Schizophyllum commune strains are still in the initial stage at present. The cultivation period of the existing schizophyllum commune strain is maintained at 25-40 days, the instability of the period has great influence on the supply and demand of the market, and in addition, the problem of nutrient waste of a fungus bag is prominent because the biological conversion rate of the schizophyllum commune is low and is usually between 20-30 percent, so that the selection of a strain with short period, stability and high yield is necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide an ultra-short period cultivation method of a schizophyllum commune strain and a sporocarp thereof so as to solve the problems that the current schizophyllum commune strain has a relatively long cultivation period, is unstable in yield and product quality and cannot meet market demands.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a Schizophyllum commune strain, designated Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9(Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9), deposited in a depository under the name: the preservation date of China center for type culture, CCTCC for short, is 29 months 8 in 2018, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2018577.

The morphological characteristics of the mycelium of the schizophyllum commune strain are as follows: white and hairy, developed aerial hyphae, dense and strong basal hyphae and regular edges of colonies.

A Schizophyllum commune mycelium is obtained by culturing Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9.

A Schizophyllum commune fruiting body is obtained by culturing Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9.

The ultrashort period cultivation method of the schizophyllum commune sporocarp comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a mother seed: activating Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 mother strain stored in refrigerator, inoculating into PDA for culturing, and culturing at 25 deg.C in dark for 7 d;

2) preparing a stock: mixing 48-52% of wheat grains, 28-32% of sawdust, 16-20% of wheat bran, 0.5-1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5-1.5% of gypsum according to mass percent to prepare a stock culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be 58%, bottling, sterilizing, inoculating an activated mother strain, and culturing in a dark place at 25 ℃ for 13-15 days until the bottle is full of mycelia;

3) preparing cultivars: mixing 46-50% of sawdust, 23-27% of wheat bran, 14-16% of cottonseed hulls, 7-9% of corn flour, 1-3% of rapeseed cakes, 0.5-1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5-1.5% of gypsum according to mass percentage to prepare a culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be 58%, bagging, sterilizing, cooling to normal temperature, punching, and inoculating the prepared stock seeds;

4) hypha culture: sealing the opening of the bag by using an adhesive tape after inoculation of the original seed, putting the bag into a culture room, culturing hyphae for 8 days in a dark place at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70%, and transferring the hyphae into a mushroom-out room when the hyphae grow to be full of the inoculation hole and the epitaxial radius is 6-7 cm;

5) and (3) fruiting management: after the hyphae are cultured for 8d, the fungus bags are moved into and out of the mushroom house, the sealing adhesive tapes are torn off, the fungus bags are placed on a mushroom outlet frame in order, and the inoculation surfaces face upwards; the fruiting temperature is 22 ℃, the relative air humidity in the primordium forming stage is 88-90%, the air humidity is 89-91%, the carbon dioxide concentration is 550-650 PPM, the illumination intensity is 350lx, the illumination is 10min/h, and the fruiting bodies are harvested when seven-eight parts of the fruiting bodies are mature and spores are not ejected.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:

1) according to the characteristics of the innovatively domesticated schizophyllum LZJ-9 and the combination of the unique stock culture medium and the cultivation culture medium suitable for cultivation, hyphae grow fast, age slowly and have strong activity, fruiting is early under the same conditions, 15 days are needed from inoculation to collection of the cultivation bag, the average cultivation period is shortened by 10-25 days, and the running efficiency of a fruiting room and a cultivation room is improved;

2) the fruit bodies are white in color, the flower types are basically consistent in size, the leaves are fertile, the mushroom peaks are tidy, the mushroom types are similar to chrysanthemum, the yield is high, the taste of the fruit bodies is unique, the wild flavor is thick and thick, the storage time is longer, the harvesting period is centralized, the market demand is better met, and the mechanical and automatic harvesting operation is facilitated;

3) the Schizophyllum commune strain has excellent characteristics, can be used as a parent to carry out hybridization breeding on more excellent strains, and enriches germplasm resources of the Schizophyllum commune.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a morphological diagram of Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 mycelium of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the fruiting stage of Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a photograph of a fruit body of Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

The invention firstly collects wild schizophyllum commune strains from the field, separates and purifies the strains, and then carries out domestication cultivation for many times until the characters and the yield of the strains are stable, and the strains are named as schizophyllum commune LZJ-9.

The Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9(Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9) of the invention is preserved in a preservation unit, and the name of the preservation unit is as follows: the preservation date of China center for type culture, CCTCC for short, is 29 months 8 in 2018, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2018577. The morphological characteristics of the mycelium of the schizophyllum commune strain are shown in figure 1, the schizophyllum commune strain is white and villous, aerial hyphae are developed, basal hyphae are thick and strong, the edges of colonies are neat, and the hypha growth rate is 4.71 mm/d. .

The Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 is adopted to culture to obtain the Schizophyllum commune mycelium. And the Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 is adopted to cultivate the Schizophyllum commune fruiting body.

The formula of each culture medium adopted by the method is as follows:

mother culture medium (PDA culture medium) comprises potato 200g, glucose 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium sulfate 1.5g, agar 18g, and water 1L.

Stock culture medium: the stock culture medium comprises, by weight, 48-52% of wheat grains, 28-32% of sawdust, 16-20% of wheat bran, 0.5-1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5-1.5% of gypsum.

Cultivation medium: the cultivation medium comprises, by weight, 46-50% of sawdust, 23-27% of wheat bran, 14-16% of cottonseed hulls, 7-9% of corn flour, 1-3% of rapeseed cakes, 0.5-1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5-1.5% of gypsum.

Example 1

The invention relates to an ultrashort period cultivation method of schizophyllum commune sporocarp, which comprises the following steps:

2) preparing a stock: mixing wheat 50%, wood flour 30%, wheat bran 18%, light calcium carbonate 1% and gypsum 1% by mass to prepare a stock culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, bottling (specification: 7cm × 10cm), sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to normal temperature for later use. Selecting a mother strain with white hyphae and good growth vigor, transferring the mother strain into a stock culture medium, inoculating the mother strain with the size of 1 multiplied by 1cm, and culturing the mother strain in the dark at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ for 13-15 days until the hyphae fill the bottle;

3) preparing cultivars: mixing 48% of wood chips, 25% of wheat bran, 15% of cottonseed hulls, 8% of corn flour, 2% of rapeseed cakes, 1% of light calcium carbonate and 1% of gypsum according to the mass percentage to prepare a culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, and then bagging, wherein the specification of the bag is as follows: 15cm × 55cm, each bag can be filled with 2.6kg of wet culture material, sterilized at 123 deg.C for 1.5 hr, cooled to normal temperature for use, perforated, and inoculating strong and white stock with strong hypha into the cultivation bag.

4) Hypha culture: sealing the opening of the bag by using an adhesive tape after inoculating the original seed, putting the bag into a culture room, culturing hyphae for 8 days in a dark place at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of 70 percent, and transferring the hyphae into a mushroom-growing room when the hyphae grow to be full of the inoculation holes and the epitaxial radius is 6-7 cm;

5) and (3) fruiting management: after the hyphae are cultured for 8d, the fungus bags are moved into and out of the mushroom house, the sealing adhesive tapes are torn off, the fungus bags are placed on a mushroom outlet frame in order, and the inoculation surfaces face upwards, as shown in fig. 2; the fruiting temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the relative air humidity in the primordium forming stage is 89%, the subsequent air humidity is 90%, the carbon dioxide concentration is 600PPM, the illumination intensity is 350lx 10min/h, the fruiting condition is observed in the period, and the pollution bag is timely treated. And harvesting when the sporocarps are mature for seven to eight times and spores are not ejected. The fresh mushrooms are sold in grades according to the flower type, the color and the weight. The collected waste fungus bags are composted and then can be used for cultivating edible fungi such as coprinus comatus, stropharia rugoso-annulata and the like.

Example 2

2) preparing a stock: mixing wheat grains 52%, sawdust 28%, wheat bran 18%, light calcium carbonate 0.5% and gypsum 1.5% by mass to prepare a stock culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, bottling, sterilizing, and cooling to normal temperature for later use. Selecting a mother strain with white hyphae and good growth vigor, transferring the mother strain into a stock culture medium, and culturing the mother strain in the dark at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ for 13-15 days until the hyphae fill the bottle;

3) preparing cultivars: mixing 46% of wood chips, 27% of wheat bran, 14% of cottonseed hulls, 9% of corn flour, 3% of rapeseed cakes, 0.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5% of gypsum according to the mass percentage to prepare a culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, then bagging, sterilizing, cooling to the normal temperature for later use, punching a fungus bag, and selecting a stock seed with strong hypha and white color to transfer into the culture bag;

4) hypha culture: sealing the opening of the bag by using an adhesive tape after inoculating the original seed, putting the bag into a culture room, culturing hyphae for 8 days in a dark place at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of 60 percent, and transferring the hyphae into a mushroom-growing room when the hyphae grow to be full of the inoculation holes and the epitaxial radius is 6-7 cm;

5) and (3) fruiting management: after the hyphae are cultured for 8d, the fungus bags are moved into and out of the mushroom house, the sealing adhesive tapes are torn off, the fungus bags are placed on a mushroom outlet frame in order, and the inoculation surfaces face upwards; the fruiting temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the relative air humidity is 90% in the primordium forming stage, the later air humidity is 91%, the carbon dioxide concentration is 550PPM, and the illumination intensity is 350lx 10 min/h. And harvesting when the sporocarps are mature for seven to eight times and spores are not ejected.

Example 3

2) preparing a stock: mixing 48% of wheat grains, 30% of sawdust, 20% of wheat bran, 1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5% of gypsum according to the mass percentage to prepare a stock culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, bottling, sterilizing and cooling to the normal temperature for later use. Selecting a mother strain with white hyphae and good growth vigor, transferring the mother strain into a stock culture medium, and culturing the mother strain in the dark at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ for 13-15 days until the hyphae fill the bottle;

3) preparing cultivars: mixing 50% of wood chips, 24% of wheat bran, 16% of cottonseed hulls, 7% of corn flour, 1% of rapeseed cakes, 1.5% of light calcium carbonate and 0.5% of gypsum according to the mass percentage to prepare a culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, then bagging, sterilizing, cooling to the normal temperature for later use, punching a fungus bag, and selecting a stock seed with strong hypha and white color to transfer into the culture bag;

4) hypha culture: sealing the opening of the bag by using an adhesive tape after inoculating the original seed, putting the bag into a culture room, culturing hyphae for 8 days in a dark place at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of 65 percent, and transferring the hyphae into a mushroom-growing room when the hyphae grow to be full of the inoculation holes and the epitaxial radius is 6-7 cm;

5) and (3) fruiting management: after the hyphae are cultured for 8d, the fungus bags are moved into and out of the mushroom house, the sealing adhesive tapes are torn off, the fungus bags are placed on a mushroom outlet frame in order, and the inoculation surfaces face upwards; the fruiting temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the relative air humidity is 88% in the primordium forming stage, the subsequent air humidity is 89%, the carbon dioxide concentration is 650PPM, and the illumination intensity is 350lx 10 min/h. And harvesting when the sporocarps are mature for seven to eight times and spores are not ejected.

Example 4

2) preparing a stock: mixing wheat 50%, wood flour 32%, wheat bran 16%, light calcium carbonate 0.5% and gypsum 1.5% by mass to prepare a stock culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, bottling, sterilizing, and cooling to normal temperature for later use. Selecting a mother strain with white hyphae and good growth vigor, transferring the mother strain into a stock culture medium, and culturing the mother strain in the dark at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃ for 13-15 days until the hyphae fill the bottle;

3) preparing cultivars: mixing 50% of wood chips, 23% of wheat bran, 15% of cottonseed hulls, 9% of corn flour, 1% of rapeseed cakes, 0.5% of light calcium carbonate and 1.5% of gypsum according to the mass percentage to prepare a culture medium, uniformly stirring, controlling the water content to be about 58%, then bagging, sterilizing, cooling to the normal temperature for later use, punching a fungus bag, and selecting a stock seed with strong hypha and white color to transfer into the culture bag;

5) and (3) fruiting management: after the hyphae are cultured for 8d, the fungus bags are moved into and out of the mushroom house, the sealing adhesive tapes are torn off, the fungus bags are placed on a mushroom outlet frame in order, and the inoculation surfaces face upwards; the fruiting temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the relative air humidity is 89% in the primordium forming stage, the subsequent air humidity is 90%, the carbon dioxide concentration is 600PPM, and the illumination intensity is 350lx 10 min/h. And harvesting when the sporocarps are mature for seven to eight times and spores are not ejected.

The Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 of the invention has stable characters and yield after multiple cultivation tests. The ejection amount of spores is large, and the color of spore print is light yellow. The fruiting body is shown in figure 3, the single piece is thick, the color is milky white, the shape is similar to chrysanthemum, the period from the time of inoculating the cultivation bag to the time of harvesting is 15 days, the fruiting period is centralized, and the mushroom peaks are regular.

Claims

1. A Schizophyllum commune strain, designated Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9(Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9), deposited in a depository under the name: the preservation date of China center for type culture, CCTCC for short, is 29 months 8 in 2018, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2018577.

2. A Schizophyllum commune strain according to claim 1, wherein the mycelial morphological characteristics of the Schizophyllum commune strain are as follows: white and villous, the aerial hyphae are developed, the basal hyphae are dense and strong, and the edges of the colonies are regular.

3. A Schizophyllum commune mycelium characterized by being a mycelium obtained by culturing the Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 of claim 1.

4. A fruit body of Schizophyllum commune, which is obtained by cultivating the Schizophyllum commune LZJ-9 of claim 1.

5. The method for ultrashort-cycle cultivation of Schizophyllum commune fruit bodies according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: