CN109206588A - 高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯及其制备方法 - Google Patents

高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109206588A
CN109206588A CN201810969437.4A CN201810969437A CN109206588A CN 109206588 A CN109206588 A CN 109206588A CN 201810969437 A CN201810969437 A CN 201810969437A CN 109206588 A CN109206588 A CN 109206588A
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李延科
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Luoyang Sheng Jiaxin Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯及其制备方法,由以下重量份数的原料组成:聚酯多元醇A和聚酯多元醇B的混合物120~200份,亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇5~30份,亲水二元醇5~10份,小分子二元醇扩链剂2~15份,稀释剂20~40份,二异氰酸酯60~120份,成盐剂1~6份,胺扩链剂6~15份,去离子水400~550份。

Description

高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯树脂领域,尤其是一种高固含量大粒径水性自消光聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法。
技术背景
很多工业制品的表面,要求具有黑面或者消光效果。为了达到消光效果,通常会在制品表面涂覆一层消光涂层材料。因为水性聚氨酯树脂具有水性环保、耐摩擦、附着力好及涂膜软硬度可调等优点,现在常作为树脂材料应用到各种水性消光涂层中。实现水性聚氨酯涂层的消光,一般有两种方法:一是通过添加消光粉实现消光,二是树脂自消光。在第一种方法中,专利文献CN103725178A公开了一种聚氨酯消光光油,其中加入了有机硅消光粉。因是外添加消光粉,整个涂层的耐刮擦、耐摩擦性能差。第二种方法又分为单组份树脂消光、混合树脂消光和树脂化学消光三种。专利文献CN105693983A公开了一种水性消光聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法,以大分子二元醇制备自消光水性聚氨酯树脂,属于单组分树脂消光类型。专利文献CN103740250A公开了自消光型水性聚氨酯涂饰剂的制备方法,由A、B两组分分别合成后再混配而成,树脂是按比重不同的原理达到消光,消光效果不尽理想。专利文献CN104193946A公开了自消光聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法,所述自消光聚氨酯树脂引入了可吸收光线的丙烯酸接枝类物质,属于化学消光法。无论单组分类型还是混合组分类型,其消光作用都是基于树脂成膜不规则表面对光漫反射产生的。在现有的单组分自消光树脂制备方法中,因都是采用一步合成的方法,因此不能形成足够差异化成膜的树脂,消光效果不尽理想,难以同添加消光粉的消光树脂相比。因此,研发出一种多步扩链、高固含量及大粒径的自消光水性聚氨酯树脂,在具备较好消光效果同时又避免后添加消光粉树脂的一些缺陷,因其综合优势而具有重要的实际应用价值。
发明内容
针对现有技术的缺点,本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,该树脂消光度高。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是提供一种该自消光水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
研究发现,不同树脂因成膜速度差异会形成不规则表面,其对光线漫反射而产生消光作用,消光效果较好;高固含量水性树脂在合成过程中更有利于形成不同成膜速度的分子和形成粒径的广泛分布。为解决第一个技术问题,本发明提供一种高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,由以下重量份数的原料组成:
聚酯多元醇A和聚酯多元醇B的混合物120~200份,亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇5~30份,亲水二元醇5~10份,小分子二元醇扩链剂2~15份,稀释剂20~40份,二异氰酸酯60~120份,成盐剂1~6份,胺扩链剂6~15份,去离子水400~550份。
所述的聚酯多元醇A和B混合物中,每种聚酯多元醇的分子量为1000~3000,其中聚酯多元醇A包括聚己二酸二元醇酯、聚癸二酸二元醇酯、聚碳酸酯及聚己内酯等及其混合物,聚酯多元醇B包括聚二聚油酸乙二醇酯二元醇、聚二聚油酸丁二醇酯二元醇或聚二油酸新戊二醇酯二元醇等。所述的聚酯多元醇A和B重量混合比为(10~90):(90:10)。
所述的亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇是指聚己二酸苯二甲酸磺酸钠乙二醇酯二元醇,分子量优选为500~2000。
所述的亲水二元醇包括二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸等及其混合物。优选6~9份。
所述的小分子二元醇扩链剂包括乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、新戊二醇、己二醇、乙基丁基丙二醇或环己烷二甲醇等及其混合物。
所述的稀释剂为甲基吡咯烷酮、丙酮、丁酮等中的一种或两种的混合物。
所述的二异氰酸酯包括异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)或二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)等及其混合物。
所述的胺扩链剂为二乙胺、异氟尔酮二胺或环己二甲胺等及其混合物。成盐剂为常规品种。
本发明所述的高固含大粒径水性自消光聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)预聚
依次将真空脱水的聚酯多元醇A、聚酯多元醇B、亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇、二异氰酸酯、亲水二元醇及稀释剂加入到反应器中,在搅拌下,温度80-100℃,反应4~4.5小时;
(2)预聚扩链
加入小分子二元醇扩链剂,在搅拌下,70-90℃下扩链反应2~4小时,每隔0.5-1h加入5份稀释剂控制粘度,待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束;
(3)成盐、分散及扩链
降温至35~45℃,加入成盐剂成盐反应10分钟,加入胺扩链剂分散扩链30~40分钟,得到白色水性聚氨酯分散液。分散方式和搅拌速度是本领域常规的;
(4)蒸馏
将得到的白色的水性聚氨酯分散液进行减压蒸馏,在40-60℃下蒸馏1-3h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏,即得所述水性自消光聚氨酯树脂分散液。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在以下几个方面:
本发明通过加入软硬聚酯多元醇组合、亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇及预聚时二次扩链得到高固含、大粒径的自消光水性聚氨酯分散液。通过软硬聚酯组合和预聚二次扩链,可形成足够多成膜速度差异化的树脂,保持足够的消光度。亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇的加入不仅可以提高分散液的固含量,而且有助于形成成膜速度差异化的树脂,从而提高了消光度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
在反应釜中投入90份聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇(MW, 2000)、60份聚二聚油酸新戊二醇酯二醇(MW, 3000),在100℃下真空脱水1h,然后依次加入20份亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇(MW,1000),二羟甲基丙酸7份,丁酮50份,异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯100份,在80℃下反应4小时,加入6份1,4-丁二醇反应2小时,然后降温到40℃,再加入5份三乙胺和丙酮成盐反应15~20分钟,高速搅拌下加入350份水,然后立即加入12份乙二胺和80份水的混合液,扩链反应30分钟,减压蒸出溶剂,得到白色聚氨酯分散液。分散液的固含量为40.6%,粘度为56mPa﹒s,粒径为750nm。
实施例2
反应釜中投入100份聚己内酯(MW, 2000)、55份聚二聚油酸乙二醇酯二醇(MW, 3000),在100℃下真空脱水1h,然后依次加入25份亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇(MW, 1000),二羟甲基丙酸8份,丁酮50份,异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯102份,在80℃下反应4小时,加入10份乙基丁基丙二醇反应2.5个小时,然后降温到40℃,再加入8份三乙胺和丙酮成盐反应15~20分钟,高速搅拌下加入320份水,然后立即加入12份乙二胺和80份水的混合液,扩链反应30分钟,减压蒸出溶剂,得到白色聚氨酯分散液。分散液的固含量为43.1%,粘度为48mPa﹒s,粒径为610nm。
实施例3
在反应釜中投入70份聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇(MW, 2000)、20份聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(MW, 2000)、60份聚二聚油酸新戊二醇酯二醇(MW, 3000),在100℃下真空脱水1h,然后依次加入20份亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇(MW, 1000),二羟甲基丙酸7份,丁酮50份,异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯100份,在80℃下反应4小时,加入6份1,4-丁二醇反应2个小时,然后降温到40℃,再加入5份三乙胺和丙酮成盐反应15~20分钟,高速搅拌下加入350份水,然后立即加入12份乙二胺和80份水的混合液,扩链反应30分钟,减压蒸出溶剂,得到白色聚氨酯分散液。分散液的固含量为40.6%,粘度为56mPa﹒s,粒径为710nm。
上述具体实施例只是用来解释说明本发明,而非是对本发明进行限制,在本发明的宗旨和权利要求的保护范围内,对本发明做出的任何不付出创造性劳动的替换和改变,皆落入本发明专利的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,由以下重量份数的原料组成:聚酯多元醇A和聚酯多元醇B的混合物120~200份,亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇5~30份,亲水二元醇5~10份,小分子二元醇扩链剂2~15份,稀释剂20~40份,二异氰酸酯60~120份,成盐剂1~6份,胺扩链剂6~15份,去离子水400~550份;
所述的聚酯多元醇A和B混合物中,每种聚酯多元醇的分子量为1000~3000,其中聚酯多元醇A是指聚己二酸二元醇酯、聚癸二酸二元醇酯、聚碳酸酯及聚己内酯及其混合物,聚酯多元醇B是指聚二聚油酸乙二醇酯二元醇、聚二聚油酸丁二醇酯二元醇或聚二油酸新戊二醇酯二元醇;所述的聚酯多元醇A和B重量混合比为(10~90):(90:10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇是指聚己二酸苯二甲酸磺酸钠乙二醇酯二元醇。
3.根据权利要求2所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇的分子量为500~2000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的亲水二元醇是指二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸及其混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的亲水二元醇的用量是6~9份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的小分子二元醇扩链剂是指乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、新戊二醇、己二醇、乙基丁基丙二醇或环己烷二甲醇及其混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的稀释剂为甲基吡咯烷酮、丙酮、丁酮中的一种或两种的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的二异氰酸酯是指异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)或二环已基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)及其混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯,所述的胺扩链剂为二乙胺、异氟尔酮二胺或环己二甲胺及其混合物。
10. 一种制备权利要求1~9之一所述的高固量含大粒径自消光水性聚氨酯的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)预聚
依次将真空脱水的聚酯多元醇A、聚酯多元醇B、亲水磺酸盐低聚物二元醇、二异氰酸酯、亲水二元醇及稀释剂加入到反应器中,在搅拌下,温度80-100℃,反应4~4.5小时;
(2)预聚扩链
加入小分子二元醇扩链剂,在搅拌下,70-90℃下扩链反应2~4小时,每隔0.5-1h加入5份稀释剂控制粘度,待反应生成的聚合体中异氰酸基团含量不变时,反应结束;
(3)成盐、分散及扩链
降温至35~45℃,加入成盐剂成盐反应10分钟,加入胺扩链剂分散扩链30~40分钟,得到白色水性聚氨酯分散液;
(4)蒸馏
将得到的白色的水性聚氨酯分散液进行减压蒸馏,在40-60℃下蒸馏1-3h,用折光仪测得的折光率为0时结束蒸馏,即得所述水性自消光聚氨酯树脂分散液。
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