CN109188493A - The device and method of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water - Google Patents

The device and method of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109188493A
CN109188493A CN201811376048.7A CN201811376048A CN109188493A CN 109188493 A CN109188493 A CN 109188493A CN 201811376048 A CN201811376048 A CN 201811376048A CN 109188493 A CN109188493 A CN 109188493A
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water sample
water
air pump
concentration
radon
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CN109188493B (en
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谭延亮
袁红志
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Hengyang Normal University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/167Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment

Abstract

The device and method of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water, in measuring device, air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe and puts on, the connection of the inlet end of escape pipe and air pump, the outlet side of air pump and the inlet end of three-way magnetic valve connect, first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve is connect with the inlet end of static collection emanometer, second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of static collection emanometer is connect with flowmeter.When measurement, measuring device equipped with water sample to be measured is placed in isoperibol, air pump enters air inlet pipe with certain flow rate control air and is bubbled, radon in water sample to be measured is carried out, enter air pump by escape pipe, gaseous state radon consistence is measured subsequently into static collection emanometer, calculates the radium concentration in water sample further according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the flow rate of air pump and static collection emanometer.

Description

The device and method of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear radiation detection technology, the device of radium concentration in especially a kind of open loop type rapid survey water And method.
Background technique
Radium (Ra-226) is a kind of extremely toxic close bone alpha activity nucleic, its a large amount of deposits in vivo can induce osteocarcinoma Or leukaemia, to be detrimental to health.Radium (Ra-226) is generally higher in underground water activity, than general surface water (river water, Lake water, seawater etc.) the high 1-2 order of magnitude of activity;The drinking water source in many areas is underground water, some areas underground in the world Naturally the radium element containing high concentration or the exploitation with different mineral products such as uranium mine etc. have a large amount of radium element activated in water Discharge into underground water so that there are biggish security risks when doing drinking water source using underground water by people, thus into The concentration to the radium element contained in local underground water is needed to carry out long-term monitoring when row drinking water source is chosen.The prior art The measuring device and measuring method of radium concentration of element are complicated in water and time of measuring is long, need in a kind of achievable rapid survey water The device and method of radium concentration.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the above-mentioned insufficient of the prior art and to provide radium in a kind of open loop type rapid survey water dense The device and method of degree can be obtained quickly accurately using the device of radium concentration in the open loop type rapid survey water by this method Radium concentration in water.
The technical scheme is that in open loop type rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample measure bottle, bottle Lid, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, air inlet pipe, escape pipe, air pump, static collection emanometer, flowmeter and three-way magnetic valve.
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in out On air pipe sleeve, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through hose and three-way magnetic valve First outlet side of inlet end connection, three-way magnetic valve is connect by hose with the inlet end of static collection emanometer, threeway Second outlet side of solenoid valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of static collection emanometer is connected by hose and flowmeter It connects.
The method that radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measurement process and calculating Process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water is placed on to the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, the second outlet side for opening three-way magnetic valve, closes the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve, and booster air pump controls air pump Flow rate be bubbled, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, passed through Escape pipe enters air pump and enters three-way magnetic valve, then enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve, due to gas The flow rate of pump is very big, after air pump starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, the second outlet side for closing three-way magnetic valve, opens the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve, is read by obtaining flowmeter Number turns flow rate down to control air pump, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while will be in water sample to be measured Radon is carried out, and is entered air pump by escape pipe and is entered three-way magnetic valve, is then entered from the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve After static collection emanometer, then atmospheric environment entered by flowmeter;When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps suitable In, so that static collection emanometer measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle of intracavitary radon consistence.
Two, calculating process
Water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the flow rate of air pump and static collection emanometer In radium concentration.
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water.If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is in water ARa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
(1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
(2)
In formulaIt is the decay coefficient of radon,It is the concentration of radon in open loop gas circuit water sample measurement bottle, L is the flow rate of air pump.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when radon and gaseous state radon balance in water sample, has:
(3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
(4)
The solution of formula (4) are as follows:
(5)
Since the flow rate of air pump is moderate, it can be seen that static collection emanometer measures in intracavitary radon consistence and water sample measurement bottle The synchronous variation of gaseous state radon consistence.According to the principle of static collection emanometer it is found that its change for measuring intracavitary Po-218 concentration Law are as follows:
(6)
C in formulaPo(t) intracavitary Po-218 concentration, λ are measured for static collection emanometerPoFor Po-218 decay coefficient.Electrostatic is received The initial value that collection method emanometer measures intracavitary radon consistence is 0, and the initial value for measuring intracavitary Po-218 concentration is also 0.
Formula (5) are substituted into formula (6) to obtain:
(7)
The solution of formula (7) are as follows:
(8)
Formula (8) is the changing rule of the intracavitary Po-218 concentration of measurement of static collection emanometer.
Measure N number of compared with short cycle, each of which period is 1-20 minutes, radon consistence sequence is obtained, by the measurement in N period Data, it is believed that be approximately the Po-218 concentration at each measurement period midpoint, it is quasi- then to carry out nonlinear data according to formula (8) Conjunction obtains radium concentration in water, and wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, the apparatus structure of radium concentration is simple in open loop type rapid survey water of the invention, and easy to operate, time of measuring is short.
2, simple by radium concentration calculation process in the method calculating water of radium concentration in the open loop type rapid survey water, it calculates As a result accurate, it can be formulated by carrying out monitoring, the analysis of long duration to radium concentration in the underground water water sample of somewhere to be national The drinking water standard of health, and foundation is provided for water pollution control, national disease prevention and treatment, farming and animal husbandry water etc., it is ensured that Groundwater environment and Drinking Water for Residents safety.
Detailed construction of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the device of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, in open loop type rapid survey water radium concentration device, including water sample measure bottle 1, bottle cap 2, air inlet pipe Set 3, outlet pipe sleeve 4, air inlet pipe 5, escape pipe 6, air pump 7, static collection emanometer 8, flowmeter 9 and three-way magnetic valve 10;
Air inlet pipe sleeve 3 and outlet pipe sleeve 4 are separately mounted on bottle cap 2, and air inlet pipe 5 is inserted on air inlet pipe sleeve 3, and escape pipe 6 is inserted in On outlet pipe sleeve 4, escape pipe 6 is connect by hose with the inlet end of air pump 7, and the outlet side of air pump 7 is powered by hose and three The inlet end of magnet valve 10 connects, and the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10 passes through the air inlet of hose and static collection emanometer 8 End connection, the second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10 are communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of static collection emanometer 8 passes through soft Pipe is connect with flowmeter 9.
The method that radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water is carried out using above-mentioned measuring device, including measurement process and calculating Process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water is placed on to the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle 1, and covers tightly bottle cap 2, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe 5 in water sample to be measured and is leaned on The bottom of bottle of nearly water sample measurement bottle 1, the air inlet of escape pipe 6 are located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, the second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10 is opened, the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10, booster air pump 7, control are closed The flow rate of air pump 7 processed is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried Out, air pump 7 is entered by escape pipe 6 and enters three-way magnetic valve 10, then entered from the second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10 Atmospheric environment, since the flow rate of air pump is very big, after air pump starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, the second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10 is closed, the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve 10 is opened, by obtaining flow 9 reading of meter to control air pump 7 turns flow rate down, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe 5, while by water to be measured Radon in sample is carried out, and is entered air pump 7 by escape pipe 6 and is entered three-way magnetic valve 10, then from the of three-way magnetic valve 10 After one outlet side enters static collection emanometer 8, then passes through flowmeter 9 and enter atmospheric environment;When turning 7 flow rate of air pump down, The flow rate of air pump 7 keeps moderate, so that static collection emanometer 8 measures the gas in intracavitary radon consistence and water sample measurement bottle 1 The synchronous variation of state radon consistence.
Two, calculating process
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle 1 from the decay of radium in water.If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is in water ARa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
(1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottle 1RnChanging rule are as follows:
(2)
In formulaIt is the decay coefficient of radon,It is the concentration of radon in open loop gas circuit water sample measurement bottle, L is the flow rate of air pump 7.
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when radon and gaseous state radon balance in water sample, has:
(3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
(4)
The solution of formula (4) are as follows:
(5)
Since the flow rate of air pump 7 is moderate, it can be seen that static collection emanometer 8, which measures intracavitary radon consistence and water sample, measures bottle The synchronous variation of interior gaseous state radon consistence.According to the principle of static collection emanometer 8 it is found that it measures intracavitary Po-218 concentration Changing rule are as follows:
(6)
C in formulaPo(t) intracavitary Po-218 concentration, λ are measured for static collection emanometer 8PoFor Po-218 decay coefficient.It is quiet The initial value that electric collecting method emanometer 8 measures intracavitary radon consistence is 0, and the initial value for measuring intracavitary Po-218 concentration is also 0.
Formula (5) are substituted into formula (6) to obtain:
(7)
The solution of formula (7) are as follows:
(8)
Formula (8) is the changing rule of the intracavitary Po-218 concentration of measurement of static collection emanometer 8.
Measure N number of compared with short cycle, each of which period is 1-20 minutes, radon consistence sequence is obtained, by the measurement in N period Data, it is believed that be approximately the Po-218 concentration at each measurement period midpoint, it is quasi- then to carry out nonlinear data according to formula (8) Conjunction obtains radium concentration in water, and wherein N is more than or equal to 2.

Claims (2)

1. the device of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water, including water sample measurement bottle, bottle cap, air inlet pipe sleeve, outlet pipe sleeve, into Tracheae, escape pipe, air pump, static collection emanometer, flowmeter and three-way magnetic valve;
Air inlet pipe sleeve and outlet pipe sleeve are separately mounted on bottle cap, and air inlet pipe is inserted in air inlet pipe and puts on, and escape pipe is inserted in escape pipe It puts on, escape pipe is connected by the inlet end of hose and air pump, and the outlet side of air pump passes through the air inlet of hose and three-way magnetic valve First outlet side of end connection, three-way magnetic valve is connect by hose with the inlet end of static collection emanometer, threeway electromagnetism Second outlet side of valve is communicated with atmospheric environment, and the outlet side of static collection emanometer is connect by hose with flowmeter.
2. the method for carrying out radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water using measuring device described in claim 1, characterized in that Including measurement process and calculating process, the specific steps of which are as follows:
One, measurement process
A, the device of radium concentration in open loop type rapid survey water is placed on to the environment of constant temperature, and measures environment temperature;
B, water sample to be measured is poured into water sample measurement bottle, and covers tightly bottle cap, the gas outlet of air inlet pipe is in water sample to be measured and close Water sample measures the bottom of bottle of bottle, and the air inlet of escape pipe is located on water sample liquid level to be measured;
C, the second outlet side for opening three-way magnetic valve, closes the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve, and booster air pump controls air pump Flow rate be bubbled, while the radon in water sample to be measured being carried out so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, passed through Escape pipe enters air pump and enters three-way magnetic valve, then enters atmospheric environment from the second outlet side of three-way magnetic valve, due to gas The flow rate of pump is very big, after air pump starts 5-30 minutes, it can be seen that the concentration of radon is 0 in gas circuit;
D, the second outlet side for closing three-way magnetic valve, opens the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve, is read by obtaining flowmeter Number turns flow rate down to control air pump, is bubbled so that air is entered in water sample to be measured by air inlet pipe, while will be in water sample to be measured Radon is carried out, and is entered air pump by escape pipe and is entered three-way magnetic valve, is then entered from the first outlet side of three-way magnetic valve After static collection emanometer, then atmospheric environment entered by flowmeter;When turning air pump flow rate down, the flow rate of air pump keeps suitable In, so that static collection emanometer measures the variation synchronous with the gaseous state radon consistence in water sample measurement bottle of intracavitary radon consistence;
Two, calculating process
Water sample is calculated according to the reading of environment temperature, the volume of water sample to be measured, the flow rate of air pump and static collection emanometer In radium concentration;
Water sample measures the radon in the water in bottle from the decay of radium in water;
If the volume of water sample is V, radium activity is A in waterRa, then radium concentration C in waterRaAre as follows:
(1)
Water sample measures radon consistence C ' in the water in bottleRnChanging rule are as follows:
(2)
In formulaIt is the decay coefficient of radon,It is the concentration of radon in open loop gas circuit water sample measurement bottle, L is the flow rate of air pump;
Temperature when according to measurement tables look-up to obtain concentration ratio X when radon and gaseous state radon balance in water sample, has:
(3)
Formula (3) are substituted into formula (2) to obtain:
(4)
The solution of formula (4) are as follows:
(5)
Since the flow rate of air pump is moderate, it can be seen that static collection emanometer measures in intracavitary radon consistence and water sample measurement bottle The synchronous variation of gaseous state radon consistence;According to the principle of static collection emanometer it is found that its change for measuring intracavitary Po-218 concentration Law are as follows:
(6)
C in formulaPo(t) intracavitary Po-218 concentration is measured for static collection emanometer;λPoFor Po-218 decay coefficient;Electrostatic is received The initial value that collection method emanometer measures intracavitary radon consistence is 0, and the initial value for measuring intracavitary Po-218 concentration is also 0;
Formula (5) are substituted into formula (6) to obtain:
(7)
The solution of formula (7) are as follows:
(8)
Formula (8) is the changing rule of the intracavitary Po-218 concentration of measurement of static collection emanometer;
Measure N number of compared with short cycle, each of which period is 1-20 minutes, radon consistence sequence is obtained, by the measurement number in N period According to, it is believed that it is approximately the Po-218 concentration at each measurement period midpoint, then carries out nonlinear data fitting according to formula (8) Radium concentration in water is obtained, wherein N is more than or equal to 2.
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CN109188496A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-01-11 衡阳师范学院 Open loop type static collection measures the device and method of radium concentration in Effective Decay Constant and water
CN109188494A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-01-11 衡阳师范学院 Open loop type static collection partial integration measures the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109212581A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-15 衡阳师范学院 The open loop type monocycle measures the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109212580A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-15 衡阳师范学院 Open loop type electrostatic collection two-stage method measures the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109324340A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-02-12 衡阳师范学院 Po-218, Po-214 tale open loop type measure the device and method of radium concentration in water

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CN109212581A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-15 衡阳师范学院 The open loop type monocycle measures the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109212580A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-01-15 衡阳师范学院 Open loop type electrostatic collection two-stage method measures the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109324340A (en) * 2018-11-19 2019-02-12 衡阳师范学院 Po-218, Po-214 tale open loop type measure the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109188496A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-01-11 衡阳师范学院 Open loop type static collection measures the device and method of radium concentration in Effective Decay Constant and water
CN109188494A (en) * 2018-11-21 2019-01-11 衡阳师范学院 Open loop type static collection partial integration measures the device and method of radium concentration in water
CN109188494B (en) * 2018-11-21 2022-06-21 衡阳师范学院 Method for partially integrating and measuring radium concentration in water by open-loop electrostatic collection method
CN109188496B (en) * 2018-11-21 2022-06-21 衡阳师范学院 Method for measuring effective decay constant and radium concentration in water by open-loop electrostatic collection method

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