CN109170885A - A method of extracting ginseng effective component - Google Patents
A method of extracting ginseng effective component Download PDFInfo
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- CN109170885A CN109170885A CN201811063542.8A CN201811063542A CN109170885A CN 109170885 A CN109170885 A CN 109170885A CN 201811063542 A CN201811063542 A CN 201811063542A CN 109170885 A CN109170885 A CN 109170885A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/09—Other cheese preparations; Mixtures of cheese with other foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for extracting ginseng effective component.This method mainly utilizes biological enzyme technology, on the basis of flooding, the macromolecular substances of poorly water-soluble in ginseng of being degraded by way of taking single enzymatic isolation method or conbined enzymolysis, to increase the leaching of effective component, the total yield for promoting water extract in ginseng helps to increase the output value.Meanwhile the ginseng residue after being extracted using this method and cheese tabletting are prepared Speciality Foods, improve the whole utilization value of ginseng resource the characteristics of both performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible-type Chinese medicines to develop and use field, and in particular to a kind of side for extracting ginseng effective component
Method.
Background technique
China's natural extract industry starting evening, but develop fast.In recent years, with the continuous expansion of plant extracts industry
Greatly, food safety, resource energy consumption and environmental issue become increasingly conspicuous, these factors limit the hair of the sector to a certain extent
Exhibition.Therefore, the extraction process of safe and reliable environmental protection, becomes industrial new trend.
Ginseng, Araliaceae also known as rhizoma polygonati, Goblin, god grass are known as " King of Herbs ".Ancient medicine book
First appeared in Shennong's Herbal in nationality, it is classified as top grade, part of being used as medicine is mainly the root and palpus of ginseng, now also by folium panacis japonici cum caule and people
Join bud as medicinal.Information, ginseng be China's tradition rare traditional Chinese medicine, have reinforce vital energy, veins takes off admittedly, tonifying spleen benefit
The functions such as lung, green blood, tranquilize the mind and promote the intelligence.Modern medicine also turns out that ginseng in preventing tumor, anti-aging, resists other than energy nourishing and fit keeping function
Arrhythmia cordis, inhibit Apoptosis, hypoglycemic, improve learning and memory, enhancing immune function and relieve the effect of alcohol etc. it is effective in cure,
Therefore ginseng increasingly has been favored by people in recent years.
Extensively, pharmacological action is unique, and saponins are main bioactive substances in ginseng, about for panax biological activity
More than 40 kinds, wherein predominantly ginsenosideR c、R d、R e、R f、 Deng.In ginseng fibrous root ginsenoside withR c, R d and R e are in the majority, and content accounts for about 8% left side
It is right.In addition to this, panaxan, panaxynol, volatile oil, low molecular peptide, amino acid, vitamin, organic acid are also contained in ginseng
With various trace elements etc..
The common extracting mode of ginseng is ethyl alcohol heating and refluxing extraction method and adds water to cook method.General ginsenoside extracting method
It is more, such as infusion process, reflux extraction, ultrasonic extraction, supercritical extraction and microwave method.In the extraction process of total saposins
In, extracting solvent for use has water, methanol, ethyl alcohol and n-butanol etc., but methanol has higher solubility to various substances, so that
Impurity is more in extracting solution, and especially fat-soluble pigment is more, causes prepared total saposins purity low, and appearance color is deep, and
And the solvent of the middle grades such as methanol and ethyl alcohol is lower to the recovery rate of the ginsenoside (polarity is larger) of malonyl series, uses
The two makees solvent, and the reduction of total saposins yield is made because that can lose a part of saponin(e (malonyl saponins).Therefore, one kind is developed
The new method for extracting ginseng effective component becomes the research being of great significance.
Currently, the research of some related fields makes some progress.The main extracting method including ginseng extract,
The many aspects such as application of the preparation process, ginseng extract of ginseng extract in terms of cosmetics and food.For example, patent Shen
Please number
201210223860.2, patent name is a kind of preparation method of ginseng extract, which sets ginseng crude drug
In the aqueous solution that ethyl alcohol percent by volume is 0~70%, dynamic outer circulating extracting is carried out, extracting solution is obtained.Number of patent application
201510988626.2, patent name is the preparation process of ginseng extract, which discards the dregs of a decoction after taking ginseng to extract, later
It is stirred, then is dried, be concentrated, dried to get finished product.Number of patent application 201710474906.0, patent name one
The preparation method of kind active full-component Ginseng extract and freeze-dried products, the patent is using fresh ginseng as primary raw material, using high pressure
Bubble method cleaning technique, portion of tissue shear wall breaking technology, the ginseng anaerobism endogenetic bacteria bioconversion-aerobic endogenetic fungus of ginseng
The compound transformation technology of bioconversion-ginseng itself saponin(e enzymatic conversion, centrifugal separation technology, ultrasonic sterilization technology, freeze-drying
The advanced technological means such as technology.There are also some similar patents, but generally use organic solvent as digestion agent, can destroy ginseng
Saponin constituent, recovery rate is not high, and some extracting modes are at high cost, is unfavorable for industrial production.It is related to a kind of by increasing in ginseng
The leaching of aqueous soluble active constituent, to improve effective component total yield in ginseng, increasing the method for the output value, there is not been reported.
Summary of the invention
In the research that ginseng extracts, water extraction is a kind of low threshold, low cost, the good extraction process of safety.This hair
Bright to provide a kind of new extraction of panax ginseng on the basis of traditional water mentions, this new extracting method increases ginseng and mentions
The leaching of liquid aqueous soluble active constituent is taken, to improve effective component total yield in ginseng, while still being maintained in extraction process
Its main saponin(e component, has carried out following process to ginseng residue after extraction, for producing high value added product, has substantially increased
Bioavilability.Process flow of the invention is as follows:
One, the pretreatment of ginseng:
The dry ginseng of certain mass is crushed with pulverizer, obtains samples of Ginseng of the particle size range at 300-5000 microns,
It is saved backup under sealing cryogenic conditions.
Two, a certain amount of samples of Ginseng is weighed, is extracted for the first time, the water of 15 times of its quality is added, 65 DEG C are extracted 90 minutes,
After the completion of extraction, Aqueous extracts are collected in filtering.8 times of filter residue quality of water is added in second of extraction, and 90 DEG C are extracted 60 minutes, mistake
Aqueous extracts are collected in filter.Third time is extracted, and 8 times of filter residue quality of water is added, and the additional amount of biological enzyme is slag liquid gross mass
0.5%-1% keeps the temperature 2-3 hours at 50-55 DEG C, decomposes the macromolecular substances in ginseng, and Aqueous extracts are collected in filtering.It closes
And Aqueous extracts, aqueous extract are concentrated under reduced pressure, temperature is controlled at 50-60 DEG C, finally by concentrate frozen drying.
Three, water is mentioned the ginseng residue after enzymolysis process extracts and is mixed with cheese with the different ratio of 0.2-2.0 (mass ratio)
Afterwards, a kind of combination product is obtained, solves the problems, such as the recycling of ginseng residue.The composite powder of different proportion is carried out with tablet press machine
Tabletting, film-making agent, low temperature seal save.
The invention has the characteristics that
(1) traditional water extract method is combined with enzymolysis process, extraction process is simple, while belonging to environmentally friendly.
(2) it improves ginseng effective component using bioanalysis to extract, enzyme can be by the macromolecular substances of poorly water-soluble in ginseng
Or glycoconjugate enzymatic hydrolysis improves the utility value of ginseng at the function small molecule of good water solubility.
(3) enzyme used in the present invention is food grade enzyme, and ingredient is safe, and enzymolysis process reduces production energy consumption, is shortened
Extraction time.
(4) ginseng residue can be compounded with cheese, promote the utility value of ginseng residue.
(5) a kind of method for extracting ginseng effective component of the present invention, it is easy to operate, it is easy to industrialized production.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific example, a specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.Following instance is used for
Illustrate the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 15kg breaks into thick slurry.65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the separation of first time screenings.Add 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag
Water, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, the separation of second screenings.Cellulase processing then is carried out to thick slag again, specific method is thick
Slag is added the water of 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1, and the additive amount 0.5% of cellulase keeps the temperature 2 hours at 55 DEG C, keeps part fine
Dimension element decomposes.Screenings separates later, collects, merges Aqueous extracts, frozen drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.It is remaining
The sprayable freeze-drying of residue carries out tabletting, film-making agent, low temperature seal with tablet press machine with 1:1.2 (mass ratio) proportion with cheese
It saves.
Example 2
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 15kg breaks into thick slurry.65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the separation of first time screenings.Add 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag
Water, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, the separation of second screenings.Pectinase treatment then is carried out to thick slag again, specific method is thick slag
Add the water of 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1, the additive amount 0.5% of pectase keeps the temperature 2 hours at 55 DEG C, makes part pectin class
Substance decomposition.Screenings separates later, collects, merges Aqueous extracts, frozen drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.It is remaining
The sprayable freeze-drying of residue carries out tabletting, film-making agent, low temperature seal with tablet press machine with 1:1.5 (mass ratio) proportion with cheese
It saves.
Example 3
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 15kg breaks into thick slurry.65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the separation of first time screenings.Add 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag
Water, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, the separation of second screenings.Compound enzymatic treatment then is carried out to thick slag again, specific method is thick slag
The water of 8kg, cellulase and pectase is added to mix in the ratio of 1:1 in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1, total addition level 0.6%, 55
2 hours are kept the temperature at DEG C, decomposes portion of cellulose and pectic substance.Screenings separates later, collects, merges Aqueous extracts, low temperature
Freeze-drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.The remaining sprayable freeze-drying of residue is matched with cheese with 1:1.2 (mass ratio)
Than carrying out tabletting, film-making agent with tablet press machine, low temperature seal is saved.
Example 4
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 15kg breaks into thick slurry.65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the separation of first time screenings.Add 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag
Water, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, the separation of second screenings.Papain enzymatic treatment then is carried out to thick slag again, specific method is
Thick slag is added the water of 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1, and the additive amount 0.6% of papain keeps the temperature 2 hours at 50 DEG C, later
Screenings separation collects, merges Aqueous extracts, and frozen drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.The remaining sprayable freezing of residue
It is dry, tabletting, film-making agent are carried out with tablet press machine with 1:1.5 (mass ratio) proportion with cheese, low temperature seal saves.
Example 5
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 15kg breaks into thick slurry.65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the separation of first time screenings.Add 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag
Water, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, the separation of second screenings.Bromelain enzymatic treatment then is carried out to thick slag again, specific method is
Thick slag is added the water of 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1, and the additive amount 0.6% of bromelain keeps the temperature 2 hours at 50 DEG C, later
Screenings separation collects, merges Aqueous extracts, and frozen drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.The remaining sprayable freezing of residue
It is dry, tabletting, film-making agent are carried out with tablet press machine with 1:1.5 (mass ratio) proportion with cheese, low temperature seal saves.
Example 6
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 15kg breaks into thick slurry.65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the separation of first time screenings.Add 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag
Water, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, the separation of second screenings.Compound protein enzymatic treatment then is carried out to thick slag again, specific method is
Thick slag is added the water of 8kg, papain and bromelain to mix in the ratio of 1:1 in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1, total addition level
0.6%, 2 hours are kept the temperature at 50 DEG C, screenings separates later, collects, merges Aqueous extracts, frozen drying, low temperature after drying
It is sealed.The remaining sprayable freeze-drying of residue carries out tabletting with tablet press machine with 1:1.5 (mass ratio) proportion with cheese,
Film-making agent, low temperature seal save.
Example 7
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 8kg breaks into thick slurry.Cellulase and pectase are mixed in the ratio of 1:1, total addition level 0.6%, 55 DEG C of heat preservations 1.5
Hour, the separation of first time screenings.Add the water of 15kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag, 65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, second of slurry
Slag separation.Then add the water of 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, and screenings separates later, collect,
Merge Aqueous extracts, frozen drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.The remaining sprayable freeze-drying of residue, with cheese with
1:1 (mass ratio) proportion carries out tabletting, film-making agent with tablet press machine, and low temperature seal saves.
Example 8
A method of ginseng effective component being extracted, using ginseng pulverate as raw material, weigh 1kg, adds in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1
The water of 8kg breaks into thick slurry.Papain and bromelain are mixed in the ratio of 1:1, total addition level 0.6%, 50 DEG C of guarantors
Temperature 1.5 hours, the separation of first time screenings.Add the water of 15kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag, 65 DEG C are heated 90 minutes, the
Secondary screenings separation.Then add the water of 8kg in the ratio of solid-liquid ratio 1:1 in slag, 90 DEG C are heated 60 minutes, and screenings divides later
From collection merges Aqueous extracts, and frozen drying, low temperature seal saves after drying.The remaining sprayable freeze-drying of residue,
Tabletting, film-making agent are carried out with tablet press machine with 1:1 (mass ratio) proportion with cheese, low temperature seal saves.
In conclusion it is limitation embodiment of the invention that above embodiment, which is not, all those skilled in the art exist
The modification carried out on the basis of substantive content of the present invention or equivalent deformation, in technology scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for extracting ginseng effective component, includes the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of ginseng: the dry ginseng of certain mass is crushed with pulverizer, obtains particle size range at 300-5000 microns
Samples of Ginseng, seal cryogenic conditions under save backup.
(2) a certain amount of samples of Ginseng is weighed, is extracted for the first time, the water of 15 times of its quality is added, 65 DEG C are extracted 90 minutes, are extracted
After the completion, it filters, collects Aqueous extracts.8 times of filter residue quality of water is added in second of extraction, and 90 DEG C are extracted 60 minutes, are filtered, and receives
Collect Aqueous extracts.Third time is extracted, and 8 times of filter residue quality of water is added, and the additional amount of biological enzyme is the 0.5%- of slag liquid gross mass
1%, 2-3 hours are kept the temperature at 50-55 DEG C, decomposes the macromolecular substances in ginseng, is filtered, Aqueous extracts are collected.Merge water to mention
Liquid, aqueous extract are concentrated under reduced pressure, and temperature is controlled at 50-60 DEG C, finally by concentrate frozen drying, low temperature seal after drying
It saves.
(3) it after the ginseng residue that water mentions after enzymolysis process extraction is mixed with cheese with the different ratio of 0.2-2.0 (mass ratio), uses
Tablet press machine carries out tabletting, film-making agent.
2. described according to claim 1, it is characterised in that extraction process amount of water, enzyme concentration and extraction time can be according to realities
The border condition of production suitably decreases or increases.
3. described according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of extraction and enzyme order are adjustable.
4. described according to claim 1, it is characterised in that used enzyme is cellulase, pectase, papain, spinach
The complex enzyme that trailing plants protease etc. or these enzyme various combinations are constituted, such as: the complex enzyme of cellulase and pectase, ratio
Example is adjustable.
5. described according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ginseng residue of extraction can compound with cheese and prepare Speciality Foods,
Its ratio is adjustable, can pass through compression molding.
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