CN109168499B - Sugarcane precut seed workstation - Google Patents
Sugarcane precut seed workstation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168499B CN109168499B CN201811154537.8A CN201811154537A CN109168499B CN 109168499 B CN109168499 B CN 109168499B CN 201811154537 A CN201811154537 A CN 201811154537A CN 109168499 B CN109168499 B CN 109168499B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C14/00—Methods or apparatus for planting not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sugarcane precut seed workstation, which comprises: a sugarcane conveying device for conveying sugarcane laterally forward; the sugarcane section identification device is arranged on the sugarcane conveying device and is used for identifying the positions of sugarcane sections of the sugarcane; the seed cutting device comprises a seed cutting platform, a sugarcane bearing mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein the sugarcane bearing mechanism is arranged on the seed cutting platform and is positioned below the front end of the sugarcane conveying device; the sugarcane supporting mechanism is used for supporting sugarcane falling from the front end of the sugarcane conveying device; the plurality of cutting mechanisms are arranged on the seed cutting platform in a mode of being capable of sliding left and right, so that each cutting mechanism can adjust cutting positions according to the positions of sugarcane knots of sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism. The invention can improve the production efficiency and reduce the labor intensity while ensuring the quality of sugarcane seeds, thereby realizing the large-scale production of the sugarcane precutting work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sugarcane planting, in particular to a sugarcane precutting and planting workstation.
Background
Sugar cane is an important basic cash crop in China, because the topography of the sugarcane planting area in China is complex, the mechanization degree of sugarcane planting is always low, the government needs to invest a large amount of funds to complement the labor cost of sugarcane planting every year, and the mechanization degree of the sugarcane planting equipment which is frequently used in China at present is low, the labor intensity of sugarcane planters is still very high, so that the vast sugarcane planters are very annoyed. Most of the existing sugarcane planting machines in China adopt planting machines with integrated seed cutting and seed distribution, the quality of sugarcane seeds is difficult to ensure by the planting mode, and especially the unordered seed cutting mode damages the activity of sugarcane seeds, so that a great amount of waste is caused. Moreover, the planting mode is affected by the speed of manually feeding sugarcane during planting, the distribution is uneven, and the yield is further affected by the phenomenon of seed leakage. In view of the above problems, advanced agronomic technologies propose sugarcane precut technologies, namely: the sugarcane is firstly pre-planted, selected, sterilized and prevented from disease, and then planted. At present, some sugarcane seed cutting machines are also produced in China, but the seed cutting machines are used for cutting sugarcane section by section, so that the efficiency is lower, or the sugarcane is simultaneously cut into a plurality of sections at equal intervals, so that the efficiency is improved, but due to the fact that the lengths of sugarcane sections of the sugarcane are different, partial cuts can fall on the sugarcane sections or near sugarcane buds during the equal-interval cutting, so that the cut sugarcane seeds cannot emerge, and the improved seed yield and the bud yield of the sugarcane seeds cannot be ensured.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sugarcane pre-cutting station, so that the defect that the existing sugarcane cutting station for cutting sugarcane into a plurality of sections simultaneously causes partial cuts to fall on sugarcane knots or nearby sugarcane buds, so that the improved seed yield and the budding rate of sugarcane seeds cannot be ensured is overcome.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sugarcane precutting station, comprising: a sugarcane conveying device for conveying sugarcane laterally forward one by one; the sugarcane section recognition device is arranged on the sugarcane conveying device and is used for recognizing the positions of sugarcane sections of sugarcane; the seed cutting device comprises a seed cutting platform, a sugarcane bearing mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein the sugarcane bearing mechanism is arranged on the seed cutting platform and is positioned below the front end of the sugarcane conveying device; the sugarcane supporting mechanism is used for supporting sugarcane falling from the front end of the sugarcane conveying device; the cutting mechanisms are arranged on the seed cutting platform in a mode of sliding left and right, so that each cutting mechanism can adjust cutting positions according to the positions of sugarcane sections of sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism, and all the cutting mechanisms can cut off the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism at the same time.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the sugarcane section recognition device is an image acquisition recognition device, and the image acquisition recognition device includes: the box body is made of a light-tight material, and the middle part of the box body is provided with a conveying channel penetrating through the front end and the rear end of the box body; the chamber of the box body above the conveying channel is communicated with the conveying channel; the sugarcane conveying device passes through the conveying channel; the image pickup device is arranged in a cavity of the box body, which is positioned above the conveying channel; a light source disposed in a chamber of the housing above the conveyance path; and the image identifier is used for receiving the sugarcane image shot by the camera device and identifying sugarcane knots and sugarcane bud positions on the sugarcane.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a longitudinal section of the chamber above the conveying channel is in a trapezoid shape with a smaller top and a larger bottom, the image pickup device is disposed in a middle of a top wall of the chamber above the conveying channel, and at least one pair of light sources are symmetrically disposed on front and rear side walls of the chamber above the conveying channel.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the sugarcane conveying device includes a linear moving mechanism and V-shaped clamping seats, wherein two rows of V-shaped clamping seats distributed in parallel left and right are arranged on the linear moving mechanism, and each row of V-shaped clamping seats includes a plurality of V-shaped clamping seats distributed front and back.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the linear movement mechanism includes two conveying chain mechanisms distributed in parallel, and two rows of V-shaped clamping seats are respectively disposed on a chain of one conveying chain mechanism
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the sugarcane precutting station further includes a sugarcane feeding device, where the sugarcane feeding device includes: a feeding platform, the table top of which is inclined downwards from back to front; the front end of the feeding platform is positioned above the rear end of the linear moving mechanism; the feeding side plates are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the feeding platform; the feeding platform is provided with at least two rake bodies from back to front; each rake body comprises a rake roller and a rake plate, wherein the left end and the right end of the rake roller are respectively arranged on the feeding side plates on the same side in a rotatable manner, and the rake roller is driven to rotate by a sugarcane driving mechanism; three harrow plates are uniformly arranged on each harrow roller along the circumferential direction; the height of the harrow plate on the later harrow body is larger than that of the harrow plate on the former harrow body, and the gap between the lower end of the harrow roller of the forefront harrow body and the feeding platform only allows one sugarcane to pass through.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the number of the rake bodies is three, and the height of the rake plate on the rake body of the latter is an integer multiple of the height of the rake plate on the rake body of the former.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the cutting mechanism includes: the machine seat is arranged on the seed cutting platform in a mode of being capable of sliding left and right, and is driven to slide by a machine seat moving mechanism; the machine seat detects the position of the machine seat on the seed cutting platform through a position detection mechanism; the cutter is arranged on the machine base in a mode of being capable of sliding back and forth, and is driven to slide by the cutter moving mechanism; the cutter is capable of moving rearwardly to sever the cane supported on the cane support mechanism.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the sugarcane supporting mechanism includes a sugarcane baffle, an alignment roller and a positioning plate; the rear end of the machine base of each cutting mechanism is provided with a sugarcane baffle table and an alignment roller positioned in front of the sugarcane baffle table, and the alignment roller is driven to rotate by a roller rotating mechanism; the locating plate is arranged on the seed cutting platform, and is positioned on the left side of the leftmost pair Ji Gunlun or the right side of the rightmost alignment roller.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the sugarcane pre-cutting station further includes a sugarcane seed collecting device, the sugarcane seed collecting device includes a sugarcane seed conveyor belt and a seed collecting box, the sugarcane seed conveyor belt is disposed on the seed cutting platform and is located below the sugarcane supporting mechanism, and sugarcane seeds obtained after cutting sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism directly fall onto the sugarcane seed conveyor belt; the seed collection box is arranged below one end of the sugarcane seed conveying belt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the sugarcane seed cutting device, the positions of the sugarcane sections of the sugarcane obtained by the sugarcane section recognition device can be used for adjusting the cutting positions of the cutting mechanisms on the sugarcane, so that the cut avoids the sugarcane sections and sugarcane buds, the quality of sugarcane seeds can be ensured, the production efficiency is greatly improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the large-scale production of sugarcane seed pre-cutting work is realized.
2. The box body of the image acquisition and recognition device is opaque, and stable illumination brightness is provided for the conveying channel through the light source, so that the camera device can acquire sugarcane image information rapidly and accurately under different illumination brightness and different conveying speeds without being influenced by external environment, and higher definition and accurate image information can be provided for characteristic recognition of the sugarcane image information, and positions of sugarcane knots and sugarcane buds can be conveniently and accurately obtained.
3. The invention is also provided with a sugarcane feeding device, the number of sugarcanes which can be raked into by each rake body is different by utilizing the rake plates with different heights, when the rake rollers of each rake body rotate according to a certain transmission proportion, the aim of sorting sugarcanes can be achieved, and finally, scattered and disordered sugarcanes are sorted into single sugarcanes to be continuously output, so that the automation degree can be further improved, the labor intensity can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be further improved.
4. According to the sugarcane bearing mechanism, after one end of a sugarcane is propped against the positioning plate through the alignment roller, the position of the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane bearing mechanism can be automatically and accurately controlled, so that the position accuracy of the cut of each cutting mechanism for cutting the sugarcane is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a sugarcane precutting station according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sugar cane conveying apparatus and the image recognition apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of section I of fig. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cutting mechanism according to the present invention disposed on a cutting platform.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting mechanism according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure in which a guide bar is provided on a sugarcane baffle according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a guide frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the sugar cane feeding apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flow chart of the operational control of the sugar cane feeding apparatus according to the present invention.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
the sugarcane conveying device comprises a 1-sugarcane conveying device, a 11-chain, a 12-V-shaped clamping seat, a 13-supporting frame, a 14-transmission driving shaft, a 15-driving sprocket and a 16-diversion frame; 2-sugarcane section recognition device, 21-box, 22-conveying channel, 23-camera device, 24-light source; 3-seed cutting device, 31-seed cutting platform, 311-guide rail, 312-rack, 32-cutting mechanism, 321-base, 322-cutter, 323-slide, 324-gear, 325-hydraulic cylinder, 33-grating ruler, 34-grating buoy, 35-sugarcane baffle, 351-cutter groove, 352-guide bar, 36-pair Ji Gunlun, 361-roller motor and 37-locating plate; 4-sugarcane feeding device, 41-feeding platform, 42-feeding side plate, 43-harrow roller and 44-harrow plate; 5-sugarcane seed collection device, 51-sugarcane seed conveyor belt and 52-seed collection box.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
Fig. 1 to 8 show a schematic structural view of a sugarcane pre-cropping work station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a sugarcane conveying device 1, a sugarcane section recognition device 2, and a cropping device 3. Referring to fig. 1, a sugar cane conveying apparatus 1 is used to convey sugar cane forward laterally, one by one. Preferably, the sugarcane conveying device comprises a linear moving mechanism and V-shaped clamping seats 12, wherein two rows of V-shaped clamping seats 12 which are distributed in parallel left and right are arranged on the linear moving mechanism, each row of V-shaped clamping seats 12 comprises a plurality of V-shaped clamping seats 12 which are distributed front and back, the openings of the V-shaped clamping seats 12 face upwards, and all V-shaped clamping seats 12 on one row of V-shaped clamping seats 12 are respectively distributed left and right relative to one V-shaped clamping seat 12 on the other row of V-shaped clamping seats 12. After the left and right ends of the sugarcane are respectively supported on two V-shaped clamping seats 12 which are oppositely distributed on the left and right rows of V-shaped clamping seats 12, the V-shaped clamping seats 12 are driven to move forwards by a linear moving mechanism, so that the sugarcane can be transversely and forwards conveyed one by one. The linear moving mechanism can be a conveying belt mechanism, and two rows of V-shaped clamping seats 12 are arranged on a belt of the conveying belt mechanism, so that the sugarcane can be transversely conveyed. In the present invention, preferably, the linear moving mechanism adopts two conveying chain mechanisms which are distributed in parallel from left to right. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, two rows of V-shaped holders 12 are each disposed on a chain 11 of a conveyor chain mechanism, and each row of V-shaped holders 12 is equally spaced on the chain 11. A support frame 13 may be provided, with two conveyor chain mechanisms being provided on the support frame 13. The drive sprockets 15 of the two conveyor chain mechanisms are arranged on the same drive shaft 14, and the driven sprockets of the two conveyor chain mechanisms can also be arranged on the same drive driven shaft. The drive shaft 14 is connected to a stepper motor via an elastic coupling, which may be mounted on the support frame 13 to control the synchronous movement of the two chains 11 by the one stepper motor. The stepper motor can be controlled by a control system to adjust the speed of transport of the sugar cane as desired.
When the sugarcane is required to be conveyed forwards through the V-shaped clamping seats 12 of the sugarcane conveying device 1, the sugarcane can be directly thrown onto the two V-shaped clamping seats 12 which are positioned at the rear end and are distributed oppositely left and right by manpower, and the sugarcane can also be automatically fed onto the two V-shaped clamping seats 12 which are positioned at the rear end of the sugarcane conveying device 1 and are distributed oppositely left and right by a feeding device. Referring to fig. 1 and 8, in order to improve the automation degree and save labor force, the present invention preferably further comprises a cane feeding device 4, wherein the cane feeding device 4 comprises a feeding platform 41, a feeding side plate 42 and a rake body, the table surface of the feeding platform 41 is inclined downwards from back to front, a specific structure of the cane feeding device can be that an inclined plate is supported at the upper end of a feeding frame, and the front end of the feeding platform 41 is positioned above the rear end of a linear moving mechanism, so that the cane falling from the front end of the feeding platform 41 is directly supported by two V-shaped clamping seats 12 at the rear end of the linear moving mechanism. The feeding platform 41 is provided with a feeding side plate 42 on each of the left and right sides, and the two feeding side plates 42 and the feeding platform 41 form a feeding groove inclined forward and downward. The feeding side plates 42 are used for limiting the left and right ends of the sugarcane, so that the sugarcane can only move forward along the feeding platform 41. At least two rake bodies are arranged on the feeding platform 41 from the back to the front, each rake body comprises a rake roller 43 and a rake plate 44, the left end and the right end of the rake roller 43 are respectively arranged on the feeding side plates 42 on the same side in a rotatable mode, the left end of the rake roller 43 can be arranged on the feeding side plate 42 on the left side through bearings, and the right end of the rake roller 43 can also be arranged on the feeding side plate 42 on the right side through bearings. The rake roller 43 is driven to rotate by a sugarcane raking driving mechanism. The sugarcane harrowing driving mechanism can be a sugarcane harrowing motor. Three rake plates 44 are uniformly arranged on each rake roller 43 along the circumferential direction, the height of the rake plate 44 on the next rake body is larger than that of the rake plate 44 on the previous rake body, and the gaps between the lower ends of the rake rollers 43 of the foremost rake body and the feeding platform 41 only allow one sugarcane to pass through, and the gaps between the lower ends of the rake rollers 43 of the other rake bodies and the feeding platform 41 can simultaneously allow a plurality of sugarcanes to pass through in a stacked manner or only allow one sugarcane to pass through. Thus, when the rake roller 43 of each rake body rotates, the sugarcane can be rake forward through the rake plate 44, and the sugarcane from the next rake body is rake forward by the rake plate 44 of the previous rake body, so that after a certain amount of sugarcane is put in front of the feeding platform 41, the sugarcane can be conveyed forward through all the rake bodies. When the sugarcane passes through the forefront rake body, the sugarcane can only fall between two adjacent rake plates 44, and the sugarcane is pushed by the rake plates 44 to move forward one by one from the gap between the lower end of the rake roller 43 and the feeding platform 41, so that the purposes of sorting scattered sugarcane and continuously conveying the single sugarcane forward are achieved. Further preferably, the number of rake bodies is three, the height of the rake plate 44 on the next rake body is an integer multiple of the height of the rake plate 44 on the previous rake body, for example, the height of the rake plate 44 of the middle rake body is 3 times the height of the rake plate 44 of the foremost rake body, and the height of the rake plate 44 of the rearmost rake body is 2 times the height of the rake plate 44 of the middle rake body, i.e., 6 times the height of the rake plate 44 of the foremost rake body. The invention is also provided with a sugarcane feeding device, the number of sugarcanes which can be raked into by each rake body is different by utilizing the rake plates 44 with different heights, when the control system controls the rake motor to rotate the rake roller 43 of each rake body according to a certain transmission proportion, the aim of sorting sugarcanes can be achieved, the scattered and disordered sugarcanes are finally sorted into single sugarcanes to be continuously output, the control system adjusts the speed of the linear moving mechanism, so that when each sugarcane falls from the front end of the feeding platform 41, two left and right opposite V-shaped clamping seats 12 are just aligned to receive the fallen sugarcanes, and automatic feeding of the sugarcanes is realized, thereby further improving the degree of automation and labor intensity and further improving the production efficiency.
With continued reference to fig. 1, a cane node recognition device 2 is provided on the cane conveying device 1, the cane node recognition device 2 being configured to recognize the position of a cane node of the cane. Preferably, the sugarcane section recognition device is an image acquisition recognition device, and with continued reference to fig. 2, the image acquisition recognition device comprises a box body 21, a camera device 23, a light source 24 and an image recognizer, the box body 21 is made of a light-tight material, and the box body 21 can be formed by splicing angle steel and a light-tight steel plate. The middle part of the box 21 is provided with a conveying passage 22 penetrating through the front end and the rear end of the box, the conveying passage 22 is perpendicular to the cavity of the box 21, the rear end of the conveying passage is an inlet, and the front end of the conveying passage is an outlet. The chamber of the box 21 above the conveyor channel 22 communicates with the conveyor channel 22 and the sugar cane conveyor 1 passes through the conveyor channel 22 so that as the sugar cane conveyor 1 conveys the sugar cane laterally forward, the sugar cane passes through the conveyor channel 22. The image pickup device 23 is provided in a chamber of the casing 21 above the conveyance path 22; for capturing images of the sugar cane passing through the conveyor tunnel 22. Preferably, the image pickup device 23 is a wide-angle lens, and the wide-angle lens can collect a clearer image when the light source is weaker. The light source 24 is disposed in the chamber of the case 21 above the conveyance path 22 to illuminate, and the light source 24 can adjust the brightness so that the brightness in the conveyance path 22 and the case 21 can be adjusted to a proper range according to the shooting requirement. Preferably, the light source 24 is an LED bar lamp. Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that the longitudinal section of the chamber of the casing 21 located above the conveying passage 22 in the front-rear direction is in a trapezoid shape with a small upper part and a large lower part, the image pickup device 23 is provided in the middle of the top wall of the chamber of the casing 21 located above the conveying passage 22, and at least one pair of light sources 24 are symmetrically provided on both front and rear side walls of the chamber of the casing 21 located above the conveying passage 22, for example, two light sources 24 distributed vertically may be provided on each side wall, the light sources 24 located above both side walls are symmetrically distributed light sources 24, and the light sources 24 located below both side walls are symmetrically distributed light sources 24 of the other pair. By arranging the upper chamber of the case 21 in a trapezoidal shape, the image pickup device 23 and the light source 24 can be reasonably installed to provide appropriate illumination brightness for the image pickup device 23 through the light source 24, thereby ensuring the quality of the image picked up by the image pickup device 23. The image identifier is used for receiving the sugarcane image shot by the camera device 23 and identifying sugarcane knots and sugarcane bud positions on the sugarcane. The image identifier is a computer provided with real-time image analysis and identification software, the computer can rapidly analyze the image information acquired by the camera device 23 in real time through the image analysis and identification software to obtain the characteristic information of the sugarcane image, and then the sugarcane section signals are output to the control system in a serial port in the form of 16-bit ASCII codes, so that a reliable position judgment basis is provided for cutting off the sugarcane automatically. The box 21 is opaque, the brightness of the light source 24 can be adjusted according to requirements, so that stable and optimal illumination brightness can be provided for the conveying channel 22 through the light source 24, the light interference on images is reduced, the sugarcane conveying device 1 can adjust different conveying speeds according to different requirements, the camera device 23 can be free from the influence of the external environment, and the rapid and accurate acquisition of sugarcane image information under different illumination brightness and different conveying speeds can be realized, so that higher definition and accurate image information can be provided for the characteristic identification of the sugarcane image information.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the seed cutting device 3 includes a seed cutting platform 31, a sugar cane supporting mechanism and a cutting mechanism 32, the sugar cane supporting mechanism is disposed on the seed cutting platform 31, and the sugar cane supporting mechanism 31 is located below the front end of the sugar cane conveying device 1, and the sugar cane supporting mechanism is used for supporting sugar cane falling from the front end of the sugar cane conveying device 1. The plurality of cutting mechanisms 32 are arranged on the seed cutting platform 31 in a mode of sliding left and right, so that each cutting mechanism 32 can adjust the cutting position according to the sugarcane section position of the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism, all the cutting mechanisms 32 can simultaneously cut the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism, the sugarcane can be cut into a plurality of sections of sugarcane seeds at one time, and the working efficiency is improved. According to the positions of the cane knots and the cane buds detected by the cane knot recognition device 2, the control system controls each cutting mechanism 23 to move left and right so as to avoid the positions near the cane knots or the cane buds of the cane, so that the cut can be prevented from falling on the cane knots or near the cane buds, the cutting quality is improved, the occurrence of the phenomenon of damage to the cane buds is prevented, the germination rate of the cane is improved, and the yield of the cane is further improved. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the cutting mechanism 32 preferably includes a base 321 and a cutter 322, the base 321 is slidably disposed on the seed cutting platform 31, and the base 321 is driven to slide by a base moving mechanism. The seed cutting platform 31 is provided with two guide rails 311 which are distributed in parallel from front to back, the stand 321 spans between the two guide rails 311, and the stand 321 is provided with a sliding seat 323 matched with the guide rails 311 at a corresponding position above each guide rail 311. The slide base 323 can slide left and right along the corresponding guide rail 311, so that the stability and accuracy of the left and right sliding of the stand 321 are improved through the guiding of the slide base 323 and the guide rail 311. In order to reduce friction between the slider 323 and the rail 311, the slider 323 is a ball slider. The frame moving mechanism may include a rack 312 and gears 324, the rack 312 is fixedly mounted on the seed cutting platform 31, the rack 312 is located between two guide rails 311 and is parallel to the guide rails 311, a gear 324 meshed with the rack 312 is disposed at the bottom of each frame 321, and each gear 324 is driven to rotate by a gear rotating mechanism. The gear rotating mechanism may include a rotating motor, which is mounted at the bottom of the stand 321 through a motor mounting seat, and an output shaft of the rotating motor is connected with a gear shaft of the gear 324 through a speed reducer and a coupling. The rotating motor drives the gear 324 to rotate after being decelerated by the speed reducer, and the base 321 slides along the two guide rails 311 by the two sliding seats 323 under the meshing transmission action of the gear 324 and the rack 312. The rotating motor is controlled by a control system to rotate so as to realize automatic adjustment of the position of the stand 321. The base 321 detects its position on the seed cutting platform 31 by a position detecting mechanism, so that the control system can accurately adjust the position of the cutting mechanism 32 on the seed cutting platform 31. With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, the position detecting mechanism may include a grating scale 33 and a grating float 34, where the grating scale 33 is disposed at the front end of the seed cutting platform 31 and parallel to the guide rail 311, and a grating float 34 corresponding to the grating scale 33 is disposed at the rear end of the base 321 of each cutting mechanism 32. When the base 321 moves left and right, the grating buoy 34 moves left and right along with the movement, so that the position of the grating buoy 34 on the grating ruler 33 changes, the control system can know the position of the cutting mechanism 32, and then the position of the sugarcane section of the sugarcane is combined to adjust the position of the incision of the cutting mechanism 32, so that the grating ruler 33 is utilized for detection, and the cutting precision can be ensured. The position detecting means may be a displacement sensor.
With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, the cutter 322 is disposed on the base 321 in a manner capable of sliding back and forth, and the cutter 322 is driven to slide by the cutter moving mechanism, when the position of the base 321 is adjusted, the cutter 322 can avoid sugarcane sections and sugarcane buds, and the cutter 322 moves backward again to cut off sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism. The cutter moving mechanism may be a hydraulic cylinder 325 fixed on the base 321, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 325 faces to the rear, and the cutter 322 is fixed on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 325 through a cutter frame, so that the cutter 322 is controlled to move back and forth through the extension or retraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 325, so as to cut off the sugarcane. The hydraulic cylinder 325 is controlled to operate by a control system to effect an automatically controlled shut-off process. The cutter 322 is mounted by bolts for example, to be removed and replaced. Each hydraulic cylinder 325 is connected to a hydraulic station through an oil pipe to provide driving force from the hydraulic station. The base 321 is provided with an oil pipe supporting rail, and the oil pipe is arranged on the oil pipe supporting rail so as to avoid the oil pipe from obstructing the seed cutting work. Preferably, each cutting mechanism 32 further comprises two travel switches arranged on the base 321, the two travel switches are arranged in front and back for controlling the travel of the corresponding cutter 322, when the hydraulic cylinder 325 drives the cutter 322 to extend backwards to a rear limit position, the cutter 322 cuts off the sugarcane, the travel switch positioned at the rear is triggered, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 325 stops extending and shrinking forwards; when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 325 is retracted back to the rear limit position, the rear-located travel switch is triggered, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 325 stops being retracted, and the cutter 322 returns to its original position. The travel switch can be a photoelectric switch.
With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, the cane support mechanism preferably includes a cane stopper 35, alignment rollers 36 and a positioning plate 37, a cane stopper 35 and a pair Ji Gunlun positioned in front of the cane stopper 35 are disposed at the rear end of the base 321 of each cutting mechanism 32, the alignment rollers 36 are driven to rotate by a roller rotation mechanism, the roller drive mechanism may be a roller motor 361 disposed on the base 321, each alignment roller 36 is connected to one of the roller motors 361, and the roller motors 361 are controlled to operate by a control system. The alignment roller 36 is located directly below the front end of the sugar cane conveying apparatus 1. The positioning plate 37 is disposed on the seed cutting platform 31, and the positioning plate 37 is located on the left side of the leftmost alignment roller 36 or on the right side of the rightmost alignment roller 36. The cutters 322 are offset from the pair Ji Gunlun 36 to the left and right to avoid interference of the alignment roller 36 with the back and forth movement of the cutters 322. After the sugarcane falls from the sugarcane conveying device 1, the sugarcane falls directly onto the alignment rollers 36 so as to be supported by all the alignment rollers 36, preferably, a guide frame 16 is arranged between the front end of the sugarcane conveying device 1 and all the alignment rollers 36, and referring to fig. 7, the guide frame 16 is provided with a guide cavity with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the sugarcane can be smoothly guided onto the alignment rollers 36 through the guide frame 16. In addition, referring to fig. 6, two guide bars 352 which are arranged in a left-right opposite manner may be provided at the upper end of the sugarcane baffle 35, and the guide bars 352 are arc-shaped bars which are bent forward, so that the sugarcane can be guided to fall onto the alignment roller 36 more smoothly by the guide of the guide bars 352. The sugarcane supported on the alignment roller 36 is positioned between the cutter 322 and the sugarcane baffle 35, and the sugarcane baffle 35 can be provided with cutter grooves 351 which are distributed opposite to the cutter 322, and the cutter 322 moves backwards to cut off the sugarcane and then stretches into the cutter grooves 351 so as to ensure complete cutting of the sugarcane. The roller surface of the alignment roller 36 is provided with a layer of anti-slip rubber to increase the friction between the sugarcane and the alignment roller 36 and prevent the alignment roller 36 from slipping, so that the alignment roller 36 can smoothly drive the sugarcane to move when rotating. The sugarcane supporting mechanism supports sugarcane through the alignment roller 36, and when the roller driving mechanism drives the corresponding alignment roller 36 to rotate, the sugarcane can be pushed to one side where the positioning plate 37 is located, so that after the end part of the sugarcane is propped against the positioning plate 37, the position of the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism can be automatically and accurately controlled, and the positioning plate 37 is used as a reference, so that the position of each sugarcane section on the seed cutting platform 31 can be obtained, and the position error which is possibly caused by left and right movement in the process of the sugarcane falling onto the alignment roller 36 from the sugarcane conveying device 1 is avoided, thereby improving the position accuracy of the cut of the sugarcane cut by each cutting mechanism 32. In addition, the roller driving mechanism can also be a push plate, the push plate is arranged on the seed cutting platform 31 and is distributed opposite to the positioning plate 37, and all the alignment rollers 36 are positioned between the positioning plate 37 and the push plate, so that the sugarcane is pushed to the end part by the push plate to lean against the positioning plate 37, and the alignment rollers 36 are driven to correspondingly rotate in the pushing process of the sugarcane, so that the alignment rollers 36 are prevented from damaging sugarcane buds.
According to the invention, the positions of the sugarcane sections of the sugarcane obtained by the sugarcane section recognition device 2 can be used for adjusting the cutting positions of the sugarcane by each cutting mechanism 32 so that the cuts avoid the sugarcane sections and sugarcane buds, and intelligent and accurate cutting production and real-time monitoring of transverse cutting of the sugarcane are realized, so that the quality of sugarcane seeds can be ensured, the production efficiency is greatly improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the large-scale production of the sugarcane precutting work is realized.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the sugarcane pre-cutting station further comprises a sugarcane seed collecting device 5, the sugarcane seed collecting device 5 comprises a sugarcane seed conveying belt 51 and a seed collecting box 52, the sugarcane seed conveying belt 51 is arranged on the sugarcane seed cutting platform 31 and is located below the sugarcane supporting mechanism, sugarcane seeds obtained after cutting sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism directly fall onto the sugarcane seed conveying belt 51, and the seed collecting box 52 is placed below one end of the sugarcane seed conveying belt 51, so that sugarcane seeds obtained after cutting can be collected and transferred in a concentrated mode, the seed cutting efficiency is further improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
Referring to fig. 9, the overall work control flow of the present invention is:
the sugarcane is placed at the rear end of the feeding platform 41 of the sugarcane feeding device, the PLC controls the rake body of the sugarcane feeding device 4 to rotate so as to feed the single sugarcane to the rear end of the sugarcane conveying device 1 continuously, and the PLC controls the sugarcane conveying device 1 to convey the sugarcane forwards transversely one by one. After the sugarcane is conveyed into the box 21 of the sugarcane section recognition device 2 by the sugarcane conveying device 1, the image information of the sugarcane is acquired by the camera device 23, the information of the sugarcane section and the sugarcane bud is recognized by the image analysis and recognition software in the image recognizer and fed back to the PC, the position information of the sugarcane section and the sugarcane bud is transmitted to the PLC by the PC, and meanwhile, the position information of each cutting mechanism 32 is acquired from the grating ruler 33 by the PC and is transmitted to the PLC. After the sugar cane conveying device 1 conveys the sugar cane onto the alignment roller 36 on the seed cutting device 3, the alignment roller 36 is driven to rotate by the roller motor 361 so that the end portion of the sugar cane abuts against the positioning plate 37. The PLC correspondingly controls the rotation motors of the cutting mechanisms 32 of the seed cutting device 3 to work according to the position information of all sugarcane sections and sugarcane buds on the sugarcane so as to adjust the positions of the cutters 322 of the cutting mechanisms, so that the positions of each cutter 322 aligned with the sugarcane avoid the sugarcane sections and the sugarcane buds. Then, the PLC controls the hydraulic cylinders 325 of the respective cutting mechanisms 32 of the seed cutting device 3 to drive the cutters 322 to cut the sugar cane, and at the same time, the PLC controls the sugar cane seed collecting device 5 to operate so that the cut sugar cane seeds are collectively conveyed to the seed collecting box 52 by the sugar cane seed conveying belt 51.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A sugarcane precut seed workstation comprising:
a sugarcane conveying device for conveying sugarcane laterally forward one by one;
the sugarcane section recognition device is arranged on the sugarcane conveying device and is used for recognizing the positions of sugarcane sections of sugarcane; and
the seed cutting device comprises a seed cutting platform, a sugarcane bearing mechanism and a cutting mechanism, wherein the sugarcane bearing mechanism is arranged on the seed cutting platform and is positioned below the front end of the sugarcane conveying device; the sugarcane supporting mechanism is used for supporting sugarcane falling from the front end of the sugarcane conveying device; the plurality of cutting mechanisms are arranged on the seed cutting platform in a mode of being capable of sliding left and right, so that each cutting mechanism can adjust cutting positions according to the positions of sugarcane knots of sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism, and all the cutting mechanisms can cut off the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism at the same time;
the sugarcane conveying device comprises a linear moving mechanism and V-shaped clamping seats, wherein two rows of V-shaped clamping seats which are distributed in parallel left and right are arranged on the linear moving mechanism, and each row of V-shaped clamping seats comprises a plurality of V-shaped clamping seats which are distributed front and back;
the linear moving mechanism comprises two conveying chain mechanisms which are distributed in parallel left and right, and two rows of V-shaped clamping seats are respectively arranged on a chain of one conveying chain mechanism;
wherein, this sugarcane is cut kind workstation in advance still includes a sugarcane feeding device, the sugarcane feeding device includes:
a feeding platform, the table top of which is inclined downwards from back to front; the front end of the feeding platform is positioned above the rear end of the linear moving mechanism;
the feeding side plates are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the feeding platform; and
the feeding platform is provided with at least two rake bodies from back to front; each rake body comprises a rake roller and a rake plate, wherein the left end and the right end of the rake roller are respectively arranged on the feeding side plates on the same side in a rotatable manner, and the rake roller is driven to rotate by a sugarcane driving mechanism; three harrow plates are uniformly arranged on each harrow roller along the circumferential direction; the height of the harrow plate on the later harrow body is an integral multiple of the height of the harrow plate on the former harrow body, and a gap between the lower end of the harrow roller of the forefront harrow body and the feeding platform only allows one sugarcane to pass through;
wherein, cutting mechanism includes:
the machine seat is arranged on the seed cutting platform in a mode of being capable of sliding left and right, and is driven to slide by a machine seat moving mechanism; the machine seat detects the position of the machine seat on the seed cutting platform through a position detection mechanism; and
the cutter is arranged on the machine base in a mode of being capable of sliding back and forth, and is driven to slide by the cutter moving mechanism; the cutter can move backwards to cut off the sugarcane supported on the sugarcane supporting mechanism;
the sugarcane supporting mechanism comprises a sugarcane baffle, an alignment roller and a positioning plate; the rear end of the machine base of each cutting mechanism is provided with a sugarcane baffle table and an alignment roller positioned in front of the sugarcane baffle table, and the alignment roller is driven to rotate by a roller rotating mechanism; the locating plate is arranged on the seed cutting platform, and is positioned on the left side of the leftmost pair Ji Gunlun or the right side of the rightmost alignment roller.
2. The sugarcane precut station of claim 1 wherein the sugarcane section recognition device is an image acquisition recognition device comprising:
the box body is made of a light-tight material, and the middle part of the box body is provided with a conveying channel penetrating through the front end and the rear end of the box body; the chamber of the box body above the conveying channel is communicated with the conveying channel; the sugarcane conveying device passes through the conveying channel;
the image pickup device is arranged in a cavity of the box body, which is positioned above the conveying channel;
a light source disposed in a chamber of the housing above the conveyance path; and
and the image identifier is used for receiving the sugarcane image shot by the camera device and identifying sugarcane knots and sugarcane bud positions on the sugarcane.
3. The sugarcane precutting workstation according to claim 2, wherein a longitudinal section of the chamber of the box above the conveying passage is in a trapezoid shape with a small upper part and a large lower part in a front-rear direction, the image pickup device is provided in a middle of a top wall of the chamber of the box above the conveying passage, and at least one pair of the light sources are symmetrically provided on front and rear side walls of the chamber of the box above the conveying passage.
4. The sugarcane precutting seed work station according to claim 1, further comprising a sugarcane seed collection device, wherein the sugarcane seed collection device comprises a sugarcane seed conveyor belt and a seed collection box, the sugarcane seed conveyor belt is arranged on the seed cutting platform and is positioned below the sugarcane bearing mechanism, and sugarcane seeds obtained after sugarcane supported on the sugarcane bearing mechanism is cut off directly fall onto the sugarcane seed conveyor belt; the seed collection box is arranged below one end of the sugarcane seed conveying belt.
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| CN109923973A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of efficient health cane seedling stem production system |
| CN111819930B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-09-16 | 广州大学 | Sugarcane planting integrated rotary cultivator |
| CN112889391A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-06-04 | 安徽农业大学 | Intelligent sugarcane real-time cutting planting device based on image recognition |
| CN113119215B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-04-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Movable automatic production equipment for healthy sugarcane seed stems |
| CN114714418A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-07-08 | 广西民族大学 | Intelligent sugarcane efficient seed pre-cutting closed-loop control method and system |
| CN114402812B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-09-01 | 广州极飞科技股份有限公司 | Ground contact intermittent rest operation mechanism, equipment and method |
| CN115004915B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2024-06-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Full-automatic sugarcane bud picking device |
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