CN108718671B - Multifunctional test bench for testing standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header - Google Patents
Multifunctional test bench for testing standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header Download PDFInfo
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- CN108718671B CN108718671B CN201810609057.XA CN201810609057A CN108718671B CN 108718671 B CN108718671 B CN 108718671B CN 201810609057 A CN201810609057 A CN 201810609057A CN 108718671 B CN108718671 B CN 108718671B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D57/00—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
- A01D57/01—Devices for leading crops to the mowing apparatus
- A01D57/02—Devices for leading crops to the mowing apparatus using reels
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional test bench for a standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header test, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a standing grain dividing mechanism, a standing grain pulling mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a controller, wherein the feeding mechanism is used for driving a plant fixing device to move so as to convey plants to the cutting mechanism; the controller is used for controlling and storing the speed of the feeding mechanism and the reel mechanism and the speed and torque of the cutting mechanism. The invention can simulate harvesting aiming at plants with different line spacing, tests the influence of the speed of the reel mechanism, the cutting mechanism and the conveying mechanism on the harvesting effect, tests the influence of the spacing of two cutters on the harvesting effect and the influence of the positions of the cutters and the conveying mechanism on the cutting effect, has rich functions and can realize multiple purposes of one machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional test bed frame for testing a standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header.
Background
The sunflower is an important economic crop and a main oil crop in China, the sunflower in the flowering period has high ornamental value, the mature sunflower seeds are delicious food, and the sunflower seeds are rich in saturated fatty acid beneficial to human health, so the sunflower oil is called as healthy edible oil. The planting area of sunflowers in China is the sixth world, but the planting mode is diversified, the row spacing is different in different areas, the planting variety is various, and the plant height difference is large. The mechanical production of sunflower is difficult in the harvesting stage, and the mechanical harvesting of sunflower is difficult in that the sunflower header technology is not broken through, so that the mechanical degree of sunflower is low. The existing harvester header is partially directly modified from a rice and wheat combine harvester, and has the defects of poor adaptability, high loss rate, multiple operation procedures, high production cost and the like; the problems that a part of independently researched and developed special header for sunflower is only suitable for a single sunflower planting mode and has poor reliability and the like exist; therefore, research and development of a sunflower header which is suitable for different sunflower planting modes, low in loss and high in efficiency are very urgent and necessary. The test of the relevant prototype is an important guarantee for researching and developing the sunflower header, and the design and the construction of the test bench for the sunflower harvesting header test are also very important links.
The development of the foreign reel chain sunflower header began earlier, with the united states leading in this regard. The foreign cutting tables are various in types, but most of the foreign cutting tables have huge cutting width, have higher requirements on land blocks and planting modes, have large and flat foreign lands and single planting modes, have poorer adaptability to national conditions with small and dispersed land blocks, planting modes and various agricultural parameters in China, are expensive, and are late in research and development of sunflower harvesting machines in China, so that the development of the multipurpose, small and medium-sized, low-loss and low-cost seedling pulling chain type sunflower cutting tables which accord with the national conditions in China is accelerated.
At present, a special reel chain type sunflower header (patent number: CN201510833104.1) exists, but no test equipment aiming at the reel chain type sunflower header exists, the feasibility of the reel chain type sunflower header under working environments such as line-to-line operation and line-to-line operation cannot be tested, and performance parameters such as related power consumption, torque and header grain loss cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional test bench for a standing grain chain type sunflower cutting table test, which can simulate field operation, has multipurpose test, is convenient to operate and has reliable data.
the technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
A multifunctional test bed frame for testing a shifting chain type sunflower header comprises a feeding mechanism, a seedling dividing mechanism, a seedling shifting mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a controller, wherein the feeding mechanism is used for conveying plants to the cutting mechanism by driving a plant fixing device to move, the plant fixing device is used for placing the plants, the distance between every two adjacent plant fixing devices is adjustable, the seedling dividing mechanisms are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the distance between every two adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms is adjustable, the length of each seedling dividing mechanism is telescopic, a gap between every two adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms is a seedling feeding channel, the seedling shifting mechanism and the cutting mechanism are arranged on two sides of the seedling feeding channel, the cutting mechanism is used for cutting off plant stems shifted by the seedling shifting mechanism, the seedling shifting mechanism is used for shifting cut sunflower discs to the conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is arranged behind the seedling dividing mechanism and is used for conveying the cut sunflower discs to a lower-level processing device, the positions of the cutting mechanism and the conveying mechanism can be adjusted; the controller is used for controlling and storing the speeds of the feeding mechanism, the reel mechanism and the conveying mechanism and the speed and torque of the cutting mechanism.
Further, feeding mechanism includes feeding chain, diaphragm and plant section of thick bamboo, and the setting that many diaphragms are parallel to each other is on feeding chain, the diaphragm is perpendicular with feeding chain, it has first spout to open on the diaphragm, the plant section of thick bamboo can be along first spout horizontal slip, the plant section of thick bamboo passes through the bolt and installs in first spout. The feeding mechanism is driven by a feeding driving motor, the feeding driving motor is further connected with a feeding frequency converter and a feeding speed measuring device, the feeding frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the feeding driving motor, and the feeding speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the feeding driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller.
furthermore, be provided with adjusting bolt on the plant section of thick bamboo, adjusting bolt is vertical with the plant section of thick bamboo lateral surface, can adjust adjusting bolt through rotating adjusting bolt and stretch into the inboard length of plant section of thick bamboo.
Further, cutting mechanism includes cutting drive sprocket, cutting driven sprocket, cutting driving belt and cutting knife, cutting driving belt overlaps in the cutting drive sprocket and the cutting driven sprocket outside, the cutting knife sets up on cutting driven sprocket, cutting drive sprocket is driven by cutting driving motor, cutting driving motor still connects cutting converter, cutting torque detection device and cutting speed sensor, the cutting converter is used for adjusting cutting driving motor's rotational speed, cutting torque detection device is used for detecting cutting driving motor's moment of torsion, cutting speed sensor is used for detecting cutting driving motor's rotational speed and sends the testing result to the controller.
Furthermore, the cutting knives on the two sides of the grain feeding channel are opposite in rotation direction, and the height of at least one cutting knife in the cutting knives on the two sides of the grain feeding channel can be adjusted.
Furthermore, the seedling dividing mechanism, the seedling shifting mechanism, the cutting mechanism and the conveying mechanism are all installed on the rack, the feeding mechanism is arranged in front of the rack, the cutting mechanism is connected with the hydraulic mechanism, two sides of the cutting mechanism are installed on a guide rail of the rack through sliding blocks, and the hydraulic mechanism is used for pushing the cutting mechanism to slide along the front-back direction of the rack and adjusting the distance between the cutting mechanism and the feeding port of the seedling feeding channel.
Furthermore, a second sliding groove is formed in the rack, the seedling dividing mechanism can slide left and right along the second sliding groove, and the seedling dividing mechanism is installed in the second sliding groove through bolts.
The reel mechanism comprises a reel driving chain wheel, a reel driven chain wheel and a reel chain, the reel chain is sleeved outside the reel driving chain wheel and the reel driven chain wheel, the periphery of the reel feeding chain is provided with reel fingers, the reel driving chain wheel is driven by a reel driving motor, the reel driving motor is also connected with a reel frequency converter and a reel speed measuring device, the reel frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, the reel speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the reel driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller, the length and the tensioning degree of the reel chain can be adjusted, and the distance between the reel chains on two sides of the reel channel can be adjusted.
Furthermore, the conveying mechanism is installed on the rack through an adjusting installation frame, the conveying mechanism is installed on the adjusting installation frame through an upper adjusting bolt and a lower adjusting bolt, the conveying mechanism can be driven to move back and forth along the rack through moving the adjusting installation frame, and the height of the conveying mechanism can be adjusted through adjusting the upper adjusting bolt or the lower adjusting bolt.
Further, the conveying mechanism is driven by a conveying driving motor, the conveying driving motor is further connected with a conveying frequency converter and a conveying speed measuring device, the conveying frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, and the conveying speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the conveying driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the position of the plant cylinder on the feeding mechanism can be adjusted, the actual working environment in the field can be simulated, the simulated harvesting test is carried out on plants with different line intervals, the plants are fixed in the plant cylinder by utilizing the adjusting bolt, the device is suitable for the plants with different diameters, and the accurate control of the speed and the simulation of the actual walking speed of the machine can be realized by the variable frequency motor; 2. the distance between the adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms is adjustable, the length of each seedling dividing mechanism is telescopic, the optimal distance between the seedling dividing mechanisms can be obtained through testing, the falling grain loss is reduced while smooth entering of plants is guaranteed, the length of the optimal seedling dividing mechanism is obtained through testing, and the forward resistance is reduced under the condition that the loss rate is low; 3. the harvesting effect corresponding to the speed of different reel mechanisms, cutting mechanisms and conveying mechanisms can be tested, the cutting power consumption under the condition of different cutting knife rotating speeds can be tested, the harvesting effect corresponding to the distance between different cutting knives and a feeding opening can be tested, the cutting effect corresponding to the height difference of the cutting knives on two sides of different feeding channels can be tested, the conveying effect corresponding to the positions of different conveying mechanisms can be tested, corresponding chain links are increased through the elastic fit of a steering wheel rotating screw rod adjusting chain, the length and the tensioning degree of the chain can be adjusted randomly, and the optimal reel length and the tensioning degree of the chain matched at different walking speeds can be obtained through testing; the spacing between the reel chains on two sides of the reel channel can be increased by changing the mounting position of the reel mounting plate, and the effect of plant conveying corresponding to different clamping gaps is tested, so that the optimal reel clamping gap is obtained, and the dropping loss of the plants is reduced. The invention has rich functions, realizes 'one machine with multiple functions', can automatically analyze the test result and obtain the optimal value of each parameter; 5. the data acquisition and the arrangement are automatically completed by a computer and a data acquisition system, the automation degree is high, and the personnel operation is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the feeding mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the reel mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the cutting mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the cutting mechanism;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying mechanism.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. A feeding mechanism; 2. a seedling dividing mechanism; 3. a reel mechanism; 4. a cutting mechanism; 5. a conveying mechanism; 6. a controller; 11. a feeding chain; 12. a transverse plate; 13. a plant canister; 14. a first chute; 15. adjusting the bolt; 31. a reel chain; 32. finger dialing; 41. cutting the driving chain wheel; 42. cutting the driven sprocket; 43. cutting; 44. a cutting torque detection device; 45. a hydraulic mechanism; 46. a height adjustment bolt; 51. adjusting the mounting rack; 52. an upper adjusting bolt; 53. a lower adjusting bolt; 61. guide rail
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a multifunctional test bench for standing grain chain type sunflower header test comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a seedling dividing mechanism 2, a seedling dividing mechanism 3, a cutting mechanism 4, a conveying mechanism 5 and a controller 6, wherein the feeding mechanism 1 is used for conveying plants to the cutting mechanism 4 by driving a plant fixing device to move, the plant fixing device is used for placing the plants, the distance between adjacent plant fixing devices is adjustable, the seedling dividing mechanisms 2 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the distance between adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms 2 is adjustable, the length of the seedling dividing mechanism 2 is telescopic, the gap between adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms 2 is a seedling feeding channel, the seedling dividing mechanism 3 and the cutting mechanism 4 are arranged on two sides of the seedling feeding channel, the cutting mechanism 4 is used for cutting off plant stalks dialed by the seedling dividing mechanism 3, the seedling dividing mechanism 3 is used for dialing cut sunflower discs to the conveying mechanism 5, the conveying mechanism 5 is arranged behind the seedling dividing mechanism 2 and used for conveying the cut sunflower discs to a lower-level processing device, and the positions of the cutting mechanism 4 and the conveying mechanism 5 can be adjusted; the controller 6 is used for controlling and storing the speeds of the feeding mechanism 1, the reel mechanism 3 and the conveying mechanism 5 and the speed and the torque of the cutting mechanism 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding mechanism 1 includes a feeding chain 11, a transverse plate 12 and a plant tube 13, the transverse plates 12 are parallel to each other and arranged on the feeding chain 11, the transverse plate 12 is perpendicular to the feeding chain 11, a first chute 14 is formed on the transverse plate 12, the plant tube 13 can slide left and right along the first chute 14, and the plant tube 13 is installed in the first chute 14 through a bolt. The feeding mechanism 1 is driven by a feeding driving motor, the feeding driving motor is further connected with a feeding frequency converter and a feeding speed measuring device, the feeding frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the feeding driving motor, and the feeding speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the feeding driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller 6.
Be provided with adjusting bolt 15 on the plant section of thick bamboo 13, adjusting bolt 15 is vertical with plant section of thick bamboo 13 lateral surface, through rotating the adjustable adjusting bolt 15 of adjusting bolt 15 and stretching into the inboard length of plant section of thick bamboo 13.
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the cutting mechanism 4 includes a cutting driving sprocket 41, a cutting driven sprocket 42, a cutting driving belt and a cutting knife 43, the cutting driving belt is sleeved outside the cutting driving sprocket 41 and the cutting driven sprocket 42, the cutting knife 43 is disposed on the cutting driven sprocket 42, the cutting driving sprocket 41 is driven by a cutting driving motor, the cutting driving motor is further connected with a cutting frequency converter, a cutting torque detection device 44 and a cutting speed measurement device, the cutting frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, the cutting torque detection device 44 is used for detecting the torque of the cutting driving motor, and the cutting speed measurement device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor and sending the detection result to the controller 6.
The cutting knives 43 on both sides of the grain feeding channel are opposite in rotation direction, and the height of at least one cutting knife 43 in the cutting knives 43 on both sides of the grain feeding channel can be adjusted. In the embodiment, a height adjusting bolt is arranged below one of the cutters at two sides of the grain feeding channel, a graduated scale for displaying the height of the cutter is arranged on the height adjusting bolt, and the height difference of the cutters at two sides of the grain feeding channel can be adjusted by adjusting the height adjusting bolt.
The seedling dividing mechanism 2, the seedling poking mechanism 3, the cutting mechanism 4 and the conveying mechanism 5 are all installed on the rack, the feeding mechanism 1 is arranged in front of the rack, the cutting mechanism 4 is connected with the hydraulic mechanism 45, two sides of the cutting mechanism 4 are installed on a guide rail 61 of the rack through sliding blocks, the hydraulic mechanism 45 is used for pushing the cutting mechanism 4 to slide along the front and back direction of the rack, and the distance between the cutting mechanism 4 and a seedling feeding port of the seedling feeding channel is adjusted. In this embodiment, a graduated scale for displaying the distance between the cutting knife and the feeding opening is arranged on the guide rail, and the feeding opening is an opening on one side of the feeding channel close to the feeding mechanism.
The frame is provided with a second sliding groove, the seedling dividing mechanism 2 can slide left and right along the second sliding groove, and the seedling dividing mechanism 2 is installed in the second sliding groove through bolts. The position of the seedling dividing mechanism can be adjusted by moving the seedling dividing mechanism, so that the distance between the adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms can be adjusted. The seedling dividing mechanism 2 is telescopic in length, in the embodiment, the seedling dividing mechanism is divided into a front seedling dividing mechanism part and a rear seedling dividing mechanism part, U-shaped holes are formed in the side edge and the bottom edge of the front seedling dividing mechanism part, bolt holes are formed in the side edge and the bottom edge of the rear seedling dividing mechanism part, the rear seedling dividing mechanism part is connected with the front seedling dividing mechanism part through bolts, and the bolts can move in the U-shaped grooves to drive the front seedling dividing mechanism part to move, so that the length adjustment of the seedling dividing mechanism part is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the reel mechanism 3 includes a reel driving sprocket, a reel driven sprocket and a reel chain 31, the reel chain 31 is sleeved outside the reel driving sprocket and the reel driven sprocket, fingers 32 are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the reel chain 31, the reel driving sprocket is driven by a reel driving motor, the reel driving motor is further connected with a reel frequency converter and a reel speed measuring device, the reel frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, the reel speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the reel driving motor and sending the detection result to the controller 6, and the length and the tensioning degree of the reel chain 31 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, through the elasticity of lead screw regulation chain, the corresponding chain link of cooperation increase and decrease, can realize the arbitrary adjustment of the length of chain and tensioning degree, and rotate the lead screw through the steering wheel, light laborsaving, the precision is high. The spacing between the standing grain pulling chains 31 on the two sides of the standing grain feeding channel can be adjusted, in the embodiment, the standing grain pulling mechanism is arranged on the rack through the standing grain pulling mounting plate, and the spacing between the standing grain pulling chains 31 on the two sides of the standing grain feeding channel can be adjusted by changing the mounting position of the standing grain pulling mounting plate.
As shown in fig. 6, the conveying mechanism 5 is mounted on the frame through an adjusting mounting frame 51, the conveying mechanism 5 is mounted on the adjusting mounting frame 51 through an upper adjusting bolt 52 and a lower adjusting bolt 53, the conveying mechanism 5 can be driven to move back and forth along the frame by moving the adjusting mounting frame 51, the gap between the conveying mechanism and the rear side surface is adjusted, and the height of the conveying mechanism 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the upper adjusting bolt 52 or the lower adjusting bolt 53. In this embodiment, be provided with the scale that is used for showing conveying mechanism and clearance and the conveying mechanism height of trailing flank on adjusting the mounting bracket.
the conveying mechanism 5 is driven by a conveying driving motor, the conveying driving motor is further connected with a conveying frequency converter and a conveying speed measuring device, the conveying frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, and the conveying speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the conveying driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller 6.
In this embodiment, the controller is PLC, and conveying mechanism is screw conveyer.
The test bed provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
Firstly, adjusting the position of a plant cylinder according to the distance between plants in the field environment to be detected to ensure that the position of the plant cylinder is the same as that of the plants in the field environment to be detected, then placing the sunflower plants into the plant cylinder, and clamping the sunflower plants in the plant cylinder by utilizing an adjusting bolt arranged on the plant cylinder;
Setting the moving speed of a feeding chain of a feeding mechanism, simulating the actual harvesting work in the field, wherein the moving speed of the feeding mechanism corresponds to the advancing speed of the header during the actual harvesting in the field, and testing the harvesting effect corresponding to the moving speeds (i.e. the advancing speed of the header) of different feeding mechanisms;
Adjusting the distance between adjacent seedling separating mechanisms and the length of the seedling separating mechanisms, and testing harvesting effects corresponding to the distance and the length of different seedling separating mechanisms; the optimal distance between the seedling dividing mechanisms is obtained, the falling grain loss is reduced while the plants are ensured to smoothly enter, the length of the optimal seedling dividing mechanism is obtained, and the forward resistance is reduced under the condition that the loss rate is ensured to be lower.
The controller is used for controlling the corresponding frequency converter to adjust the speed of the reel mechanism and the cutting mechanism, the corresponding speed measuring device is used for detecting the actual speed, the harvesting effect corresponding to the speed of different reel mechanisms and the cutting mechanism is tested, the cutting power consumption under the condition of different cutting knife rotating speeds is tested, and the optimal reel speed and the optimal cutting speed which are matched under different walking speeds are obtained.
the tightness of the chain is adjusted by rotating the lead screw through the steering wheel, corresponding chain links are increased and decreased in a matched mode, the tensioning degree of the chain can be adjusted randomly, the length of the chain can be controlled accurately, and the optimal length and the tensioning degree of the chain matched with the chain at different walking speeds can be obtained through testing.
the spacing between the reel chains on two sides of the reel channel can be increased by changing the mounting position of the reel mounting plate, and the effect of plant conveying corresponding to different clamping gaps is tested, so that the optimal reel clamping gap is obtained, and the dropping loss of the plants is reduced.
Controlling a cutting torque detection device to adjust cutting torque by using a controller, and testing harvesting effects corresponding to different cutting torque of a cutting knife;
the cutting mechanism is pushed by a hydraulic mechanism to slide along the front and back directions of the rack, the distance between a cutting knife and the feeding opening is adjusted, and the harvesting effect corresponding to the distance between different cutting knives and the feeding opening is tested;
the height of the cutting knife is adjusted by utilizing the height adjusting bolt, so that the height difference of the cutting knives on the two sides of the feeding channel is adjusted, and the harvesting effect corresponding to the different height differences of the cutting knives is tested.
the conveying mechanism is adjusted to be in clearance with the rear side face by moving the adjusting mounting frame, the height of the conveying mechanism is adjusted by adjusting the upper adjusting bolt and the lower adjusting bolt, the speed of the reel mechanism is adjusted by controlling the corresponding frequency converter through the controller, and the position parameter and the speed parameter of the conveying mechanism under the optimal conveying effect are obtained.
after the test is finished, the controller can be used for storing and analyzing various test data and results to obtain a test conclusion, and the optimal values of the corresponding parameters are obtained and stored.
The position of the plant cylinder on the feeding mechanism can be adjusted, the actual working environment in the field can be simulated, the simulated harvesting test is carried out on plants with different line intervals, the plants are fixed in the plant cylinder by utilizing the adjusting bolt, the device is suitable for the plants with different diameters, and the accurate control of the speed and the simulation of the actual walking speed of the machine can be realized by the variable frequency motor; the distance between the adjacent seedling dividing mechanisms is adjustable, the length of each seedling dividing mechanism is telescopic, the optimal distance between the seedling dividing mechanisms can be obtained through testing, the falling grain loss is reduced while smooth entering of plants is guaranteed, the length of the optimal seedling dividing mechanism is obtained through testing, and the forward resistance is reduced under the condition that the loss rate is not low; the harvesting effect corresponding to the speed of different reel mechanisms, cutting mechanisms and conveying mechanisms can be tested, the cutting power consumption under the condition of different cutting knife rotating speeds can be tested, the harvesting effect corresponding to the distance between different cutting knives and a feeding opening can be tested, the cutting effect corresponding to the height difference between the cutting knives on two sides of different feeding channels can be tested, the conveying effect corresponding to the positions of different conveying mechanisms can be tested, the tightness of a chain is adjusted by rotating a lead screw through a steering wheel, the length and tightness degree of the shifting chain can be adjusted randomly by increasing and decreasing corresponding chain links in a matching manner, and the optimal length and tightness degree of the chain matched at different walking speeds can be obtained through testing; the spacing between the reel chains on two sides of the reel channel can be increased by changing the mounting position of the reel mounting plate, and the effect of plant conveying corresponding to different clamping gaps is tested, so that the optimal reel clamping gap is obtained, and the dropping loss of the plants is reduced. The invention has rich functions, realizes 'one machine with multiple functions', can automatically analyze the test result and obtain the optimal value of each parameter; the data acquisition and the arrangement are automatically completed by a computer and a data acquisition system, the automation degree is high, and the personnel operation is simple.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional test bench frame for testing a standing grain poking chain type sunflower header is characterized by comprising a feeding mechanism (1), a standing grain dividing mechanism (2), a standing grain poking mechanism (3), a cutting mechanism (4), a conveying mechanism (5) and a controller (6), wherein the feeding mechanism (1) is used for conveying plants to the cutting mechanism (4) by driving a plant fixing device to move, the plant fixing device is used for placing the plants, the distance between adjacent plant fixing devices is adjustable, the standing grain dividing mechanisms (2) are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the distance between adjacent standing grain dividing mechanisms (2) is adjustable, the length of the standing grain dividing mechanisms (2) is telescopic, the gap between the adjacent standing grain dividing mechanisms (2) is a standing grain feeding channel, the standing grain poking mechanism (3) and the cutting mechanism (4) are arranged on two sides of the standing grain feeding channel, the cutting mechanism (4) is used for cutting off stalks poked by the standing grain poking mechanism (3), the seedling poking mechanism (3) is used for poking the cut sunflower discs to the conveying mechanism (5), the conveying mechanism (5) is arranged behind the seedling dividing mechanism (2) and is used for conveying the cut sunflower discs to the next processing device, and the positions of the cutting mechanism (4) and the conveying mechanism (5) can be adjusted; the controller (6) is used for controlling and storing the speeds of the feeding mechanism (1), the reel mechanism (3) and the conveying mechanism (5) and the speed and torque of the cutting mechanism (4).
2. A multi-functional test stand for standing grain chain type sunflower header testing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the feeding mechanism (1) comprises a feeding chain (11), transverse plates (12) and a plant tube (13), a plurality of transverse plates (12) are arranged on the feeding chain (11) in parallel, the transverse plate (12) is vertical to the feeding chain (11), a first sliding groove (14) is arranged on the transverse plate (12), the plant tube (13) can slide left and right along the first chute (14), the plant tube (13) is installed in the first chute (14) through a bolt, the feeding mechanism (1) is driven by a feeding driving motor, the feeding driving motor is also connected with a feeding frequency converter and a feeding speed measuring device, the feeding frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the feeding driving motor, the feeding speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the feeding driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller (6).
3. The multifunctional test bench for the standing grain chain type sunflower header test according to claim 2, wherein the plant barrel (13) is provided with an adjusting bolt (15), the adjusting bolt (15) is vertical to the outer side surface of the plant barrel (13), and the length of the adjusting bolt (15) extending into the inner side of the plant barrel (13) can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolt (15).
4. A multi-functional test stand for standing grain chain type sunflower header testing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the cutting mechanism (4) comprises a cutting driving chain wheel (41), a cutting driven chain wheel (42), a cutting transmission belt and a cutting knife (43), the cutting transmission belt is sleeved outside the cutting driving chain wheel (41) and the cutting driven chain wheel (42), the cutting knife (43) is arranged on the cutting driven sprocket (42), the cutting driving sprocket (41) is driven by a cutting driving motor, the cutting driving motor is also connected with a cutting frequency converter, a cutting torque detection device (44) and a cutting speed measurement device, the cutting frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, the cutting torque detection device (44) is used for detecting the torque of the cutting driving motor, the cutting speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor and sending a detection result to the controller (6).
5. The multifunctional test bench for standing grain chain type sunflower header test according to claim 4, characterized in that the cutting knives (43) at both sides of the grain feeding channel are oppositely turned, and the height of at least one cutting knife (43) of the cutting knives (43) at both sides of the grain feeding channel is adjustable.
6. The multifunctional test bench for the standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header test according to claim 1, wherein the standing grain dividing mechanism (2), the standing grain pulling mechanism (3), the cutting mechanism (4) and the conveying mechanism (5) are all installed on a rack, the feeding mechanism (1) is arranged in front of the rack, the cutting mechanism (4) is connected with a hydraulic mechanism (45), two sides of the cutting mechanism (4) are installed on a guide rail (61) of the rack through sliders, and the hydraulic mechanism (45) is used for pushing the cutting mechanism (4) to slide along the front-back direction of the rack and adjusting the distance between the cutting mechanism (4) and a standing grain feeding channel.
7. The multifunctional test bench for the standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header test according to claim 6, wherein a second sliding groove is formed in the machine frame, the seedling dividing mechanism (2) can slide left and right along the second sliding groove, and the seedling dividing mechanism (2) is installed in the second sliding groove through bolts.
8. The multifunctional test stand for standing grain chain type sunflower header test of claim 2, it is characterized in that the reel mechanism (3) comprises a reel driving chain wheel, a reel driven chain wheel and a reel chain (31), the reel chain (31) is sleeved outside the reel driving chain wheel and the reel driven chain wheel, the reel fingers (32) are distributed on the outer peripheral side of the reel chain (31), the reel driving sprocket is driven by a reel driving motor, the reel driving motor is also connected with a reel frequency converter and a reel speed measuring device, the reel frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, the reel speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the reel driving motor and sending the detection result to the controller (6), the length and the tensioning degree of the reel chains (31) can be adjusted, and the distance between the reel chains (31) on two sides of the straw feeding channel can be adjusted.
9. The multifunctional test bench for the standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header test according to claim 1, wherein the conveying mechanism (5) is installed on the machine frame through an adjusting installation frame (51), the conveying mechanism (5) is installed on the adjusting installation frame (51) through an upper adjusting bolt (52) and a lower adjusting bolt (53), the conveying mechanism (5) can be driven to move back and forth along the machine frame through moving the adjusting installation frame (51), and the height of the conveying mechanism (5) can be adjusted through adjusting the upper adjusting bolt (52) or the lower adjusting bolt (53).
10. The multifunctional test bench for standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header test according to claim 1, wherein the conveying mechanism (5) is driven by a conveying driving motor, the conveying driving motor is further connected with a conveying frequency converter and a conveying speed measuring device, the conveying frequency converter is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the cutting driving motor, and the conveying speed measuring device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the conveying driving motor and sending the detection result to the controller (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810609057.XA CN108718671B (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | Multifunctional test bench for testing standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810609057.XA CN108718671B (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | Multifunctional test bench for testing standing grain pulling chain type sunflower header |
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| CN111264171B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2024-08-20 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Multifunctional reciprocating cutting test device for crop stalks |
| CN112544218B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-05-24 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Castor plant harvesting device's emulation is reaped test rack |
| CN112577766B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2023-04-14 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Castor harvesting device's test rack |
| CN113196951B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-03-15 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Crop stem conveying device for test bed |
| CN114946394B (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2023-06-09 | 湖北理工学院 | Multifunctional test bench and test equipment using same |
| CN115136794B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-06-09 | 湖北理工学院 | Sunflower header capable of pulling out grass flexibly |
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| SU1091052A1 (en) * | 1981-07-06 | 1984-05-07 | Ташкентский Ордена Дружбы Народов Политехнический Институт Им.А.Р.Бируни | Stand for investigating process of cotton extraction by spindle of cotton-harvesting machine |
| US7783404B2 (en) * | 2005-07-16 | 2010-08-24 | Cnh America Llc | Apparatus and method for FNR calibration and testing neutral safety switch thresholds in an agricultural windrower |
| CN201171284Y (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2008-12-31 | 华中农业大学 | High thick stem plant turning chain type cutting test machine |
| CN100514029C (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-15 | 江苏大学 | Stalk cutting test device and method |
| CN202547961U (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-11-21 | 中国农业大学 | Corn harvester test equipment |
| CN102680269B (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent control test device and control method of combined harvester |
| CN202886117U (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏大学 | Multi-roller threshing separation testing device |
| CN103837355A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-04 | 甘肃农业大学 | Cutter performance test bench |
| CN204241248U (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-01 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of huge bacterium grass blade stalk cutting test platform |
| CN204697539U (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-14 | 于贵军 | Corn, Sunflower harvester table adjustable nearside divider |
| CN106441972A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-22 | 无锡南方智能物流设备股份有限公司 | Whole-feeding harvester running-in device |
| CN106525478B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-12-28 | 四川省农业机械研究设计院 | Corp combine-harvester torsion load test platform |
| CN207070631U (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-03-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of sunflower cutting bench for harvesting |
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