CN109161393B - System and method for grading and carbonizing livestock and poultry manure - Google Patents
System and method for grading and carbonizing livestock and poultry manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109161393B CN109161393B CN201811142541.2A CN201811142541A CN109161393B CN 109161393 B CN109161393 B CN 109161393B CN 201811142541 A CN201811142541 A CN 201811142541A CN 109161393 B CN109161393 B CN 109161393B
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- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100001240 inorganic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/14—Features of low-temperature carbonising processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/16—Features of high-temperature carbonising processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste biomass recycling and biochar, and discloses a system and a method for graded carbonization of livestock and poultry manure. Pyrolysis gas generated by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is combusted by the combustor and then supplies heat to the high-temperature carbonization furnace, and the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the drying furnace supply heat by utilizing waste heat of gas discharged from a high-temperature carbonization furnace jacket. And the livestock and poultry manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler and then is conveyed to the livestock and poultry manure carbon storage tank for storage, and the hot air passing through the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the combustor by the induced draft fan to be mixed with the pyrolysis gas for combustion. The system improves the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas through staged carbonization, utilizes the heat energy generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas to heat the carbonization equipment, realizes the cyclic utilization of waste biomass resources, and has obvious economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste biomass recycling and biochar, in particular to a system and a method for graded carbonization of livestock and poultry manure.
Background
The biological carbon pyrolysis technology is to carry out heat treatment on the biomass material under the conditions of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency and the temperature of less than 700 ℃ to generate a biological carbon product with high added value. At present, the research of preparing the biochar by taking the livestock and poultry manure as the raw material is attracting wide attention. The pyrolysis technology converts the livestock and poultry manure into the biochar, has the advantages of high-temperature sterilization, manure volume reduction, biomass energy production and biomass charcoal fertilizer preparation, and is an effective way for treating and utilizing the livestock and poultry manure with environmental and economic benefits. In agricultural production, the livestock and poultry manure carbon can reduce leaching loss of soil nutrients, improve soil fertility and improve pH of acid soil, has strong adsorption performance on organic pollutants and inorganic pollutants, can be used as a soil conditioner, and reduces the bioavailability of organic or inorganic pollutants in soil.
The biomass carbonization furnace equipment comprises a kiln type pyrolysis carbonization furnace and a fixed bed type carbonization furnace, wherein the kiln type carbonization furnace needs to burn fuels such as coal and the like for heating, the temperature is not easy to control, pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization process can only be discharged, the operation cost is high, and the energy waste is caused. The fixed bed type carbonization furnace has the advantages of high temperature control precision, convenient operation and high carbonization rate, and has wide application prospect. The fixed bed type carbonization furnace heats the fixed bed type carbonization furnace by utilizing the combustion of combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis process, thereby not only solving the problem of environmental pollution caused by pyrolysis gas, but also solving the problem of heating required by carbonization equipment.
However, at present, a device and equipment specially aiming at the carbonization of livestock and poultry manure are lacked, and the treatment of the manure in livestock and poultry farms becomes a big problem. The livestock and poultry manure contains more water, and combustible gases such as methane, carbon monoxide and the like are generated in the pyrolysis process, and non-combustible gases such as carbon dioxide and water vapor are also generated, so that the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas is low, and the heating efficiency of the carbonization furnace is low. Therefore, a system and a method for grading and carbonizing livestock and poultry manure are particularly needed, and the defects of the prior art are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for graded carbonization of livestock and poultry manure, so as to solve the problems of low heat value of pyrolysis gas and difficult treatment and disposal of the manure in livestock and poultry farms.
A system for the staged carbonization of livestock and poultry manure, comprising: the drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace, the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the heat exchange cooler and the biochar storage tank are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure;
the drying furnace is provided with an animal manure inlet, the drying furnace is also provided with a steam outlet, the steam outlet is connected with a first gas-liquid separation device, the first gas-liquid separation device is provided with a condensed water outlet (used for outputting condensed water and waste liquid) and a waste gas outlet, the condensed water outlet is connected with a biological filter, and the waste gas outlet is connected with a biological trickling filter;
the low-temperature carbonization furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a second gas-liquid separation device, the second gas-liquid separation device is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet and a fuel gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is connected to the biomass oil storage tank, the fuel gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is connected with a carbon dioxide absorption device, and the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption device is connected with a burner;
the high-temperature carbonization furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the high-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a third gas-liquid separation device, the third gas-liquid separation device is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet and a fuel gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet of the third gas-liquid separation device is connected to the biomass oil storage tank, the fuel gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separation device is connected to the burner, and the burner is connected with the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
the heat exchange cooler is connected with the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
the biochar storage tank is connected with the heat exchange cooler.
According to the invention, the poultry excrement is conveyed into the drying furnace through the poultry excrement inlet, the drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace are used for drying, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the poultry excrement, and the drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace are all jacket type furnaces. Pyrolysis gas generated by the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace is combusted by the combustor and then supplies heat to the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the drying furnace is heated by smoke led out by the jacket of the low-temperature carbonization furnace, and the low-temperature carbonization furnace is heated by smoke led out by the high-temperature carbonization furnace. And the livestock and poultry manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler and then is conveyed to the livestock and poultry manure carbon storage tank for storage, and the hot air passing through the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the combustor by the induced draft fan to be mixed with the pyrolysis gas for combustion. The system improves the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas through staged carbonization, utilizes the heat energy generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas to heat the carbonization equipment, realizes the cyclic utilization of waste biomass resources, and has obvious economic benefit.
Drying furnace, low temperature retort and high temperature retort communicate in proper order along birds excrement and urine direction of delivery, drying furnace, low temperature retort and high temperature retort all include rotatory conveyer birds excrement and urine pipe-line furnace (set up auger delivery ware promptly in the pipe-line furnace) and set up the heating jacket of pipe-line furnace periphery, high temperature retort's heating jacket the flue gas of deriving leading-in arrive low temperature retort's heating jacket in, to low temperature retort heating, low temperature retort's heating jacket the flue gas of deriving leading-in arrive drying furnace's heating jacket in, heat drying furnace, realize the cyclic utilization of the energy to improve heating efficiency, improve energy utilization.
The drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace are all composed of a rotatable pipeline furnace and a heating jacket, a hearth is connected by an automatic feeding screw conveyor with a heat preservation function, the drying furnace is heated by smoke led out by the low-temperature carbonization furnace jacket, and the low-temperature carbonization furnace is heated by smoke led out by the high-temperature carbonization furnace.
The heat exchange cooler is a jacket tubular cooler, the included angle between the conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure of the jacket tubular cooler and the horizontal direction is 30-45 degrees, a jacket in the jacket tubular cooler is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, air can flow in the jacket, the combustor is provided with an induced draft fan, the air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the air outlet of the jacket, and the air outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the combustor. The conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure in the jacket tubular cooler is opposite to the flowing direction of the heat exchange air. And the livestock and poultry manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler and then is conveyed to the livestock and poultry manure carbon storage tank for storage, and the hot air passing through the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the combustor by the induced draft fan to be mixed with the pyrolysis gas for combustion.
The low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace are both provided with an independent temperature control unit and an independent temperature compensation unit.
The combustor is provided with a flow control unit, and the gas flow is adjusted according to temperature measurement feedback of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace to realize accurate temperature control.
A method for the fractional carbonization of livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps: the livestock and poultry manure is sequentially conveyed to the drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace through the screw conveyor, so that water vapor, non-combustible gas and combustible gas are separated, the livestock and poultry manure carbon and the combustible gas with high calorific value are obtained, and the heating efficiency of the carbonization furnace is improved.
A method for the graded carbonization of livestock and poultry manure adopts a system for the graded carbonization of the livestock and poultry manure, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) sequentially inputting the livestock and poultry manure into a drying furnace, a low-temperature carbonization furnace, a high-temperature carbonization furnace, a heat exchange cooler and a biochar storage tank in a continuous feeding mode through a spiral conveyor;
2) controlling the temperature of the drying furnace at 100-200 ℃, keeping the livestock and poultry manure in the drying furnace for 60-120 min, discharging generated water vapor, separating the water vapor by using a first gas-liquid separation device, treating condensed water waste liquid in a biological filter, treating waste gas in a biological trickling filter, and emptying the waste gas after eliminating peculiar smell;
3) the temperature of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is controlled to be 200-400 ℃, the residence time of the livestock and poultry manure in the low-temperature carbonization furnace is 60-120 min, the generated pyrolysis gas is separated by a second gas-liquid separation device, the pyrolysis oil enters a biomass oil storage tank, the gas is purified by a carbon dioxide absorption device, and the purified gas enters a combustor for supplying heat;
4) the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization furnace is controlled to be 400-700 ℃, the residence time of the livestock and poultry manure in the high-temperature carbonization furnace is 60-120 min, the generated pyrolysis gas is separated by a third gas-liquid separation device, the pyrolysis oil enters a biomass oil storage tank, and the combustible gas is conveyed to a combustor for heat supply;
5) hot flue gas generated by combustion of the burner is input into a heating jacket of the high-temperature carbonization furnace to heat the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace is heated by flue gas led out from the heating jacket of the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the drying furnace is heated by flue gas led out from the heating jacket of the low-temperature carbonization furnace,
6) and the livestock and poultry manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler and then is conveyed to the livestock and poultry manure carbon storage tank for storage, and the hot air passing through the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the combustor by the induced draft fan to be mixed with the pyrolysis gas for combustion.
When the livestock manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler, the conveying direction of the livestock manure in the heat exchange cooler is opposite to the air flow direction of heat exchange.
The combustor adjusts the gas flow to realize accurate temperature control according to the temperature measurement feedback of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device adopts a staged carbonization method to effectively separate the water vapor, the non-combustible gas and the combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas, thereby obviously improving the heat value of the pyrolysis gas for heating and burning and improving the heating efficiency of the carbonization furnace; the residual heat of the flue gas is fully utilized to dehydrate and carbonize the livestock and poultry manure, so that the energy is saved; the heat exchanger is adopted to fully utilize the waste heat of the livestock and poultry manure carbon, so that the livestock and poultry manure carbon is quickly cooled, and the heat energy is recycled. The cooled livestock and poultry manure charcoal is conveyed to a sealed storage tank for storage, the whole preparation and charcoal discharge process is not in contact with the outside, and the curing degree and quality of the livestock and poultry manure charcoal are effectively guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a system for staged carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The classification and carbonization system for livestock and poultry manure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for staged carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to the present invention comprises: the drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace, the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the heat exchange cooler and the biochar storage tank are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure;
the drying furnace is provided with an livestock and poultry excrement material inlet, the drying furnace is also provided with a steam outlet, the steam outlet is connected with a first gas-liquid separation device, the first gas-liquid separation device is provided with a condensed water outlet and a waste gas outlet, the condensed water outlet is connected with a biological filter, and the waste gas outlet is connected with a biological trickling filter;
the low-temperature carbonization furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a second gas-liquid separation device, the second gas-liquid separation device is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet and a fuel gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is connected to the inlet of the biomass oil storage tank, the fuel gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide absorption device, and fuel gas output from the fuel gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is conveyed to the combustor after carbon dioxide is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorption device;
the high-temperature carbonization furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the high-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a third gas-liquid separation device, the third gas-liquid separation device is also provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet and a fuel gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet of the third gas-liquid separation device is connected to the biomass oil storage tank, the fuel gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separation device is connected with a burner, the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption device is also connected to the burner, and the burner is connected with the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
the heat exchange cooler is connected with the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
and the biochar storage tank is connected with the heat exchange cooler.
Drying furnace, low temperature retort and high temperature retort communicate in proper order along birds excrement and urine direction of delivery, drying furnace, low temperature retort and high temperature retort all include rotatory transport birds excrement and urine pipe furnace and set up the heating jacket in the pipe furnace periphery, the leading-in heating jacket to low temperature retort of flue gas that the heating jacket of high temperature retort was derived, heat low temperature retort, the leading-in heating jacket to drying furnace of flue gas that the heating jacket of low temperature retort was derived, heat drying furnace, thereby guarantee to improve heating efficiency, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
The heat exchange cooler is a jacket tubular cooler, the included angle between the conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure of the jacket tubular cooler and the horizontal direction is 30-45 degrees, 40 degrees are selected in the embodiment, a jacket in the jacket tubular cooler is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, air can flow in the jacket, the combustor is provided with an induced draft fan, the air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the air outlet of the jacket, and the air outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the combustor. The conveying direction of the livestock manure in the jacket tubular cooler is opposite to the flowing direction of the heat-exchanged air. And the livestock and poultry manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler and then is conveyed to the livestock and poultry manure carbon storage tank for storage, and the hot air passing through the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the combustor by the induced draft fan to be mixed with the pyrolysis gas for combustion.
The livestock and poultry manure is pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure or chicken manure.
The low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace are both provided with an independent temperature control unit and an independent temperature compensation unit.
The combustor is provided with a flow control unit, and the accurate temperature control is realized by adjusting the gas flow according to the temperature measurement feedback of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace.
Livestock and poultry manure is conveyed in the pipeline furnace through the screw conveyor, the screw conveyor adopts a continuous feeding mode, and the feeding amount can be automatically set.
The livestock and poultry manure is conveyed into a drying furnace by a spiral conveyor to be dried, the temperature of the drying furnace is controlled to be 100-200 ℃, 150 ℃ is selected in the embodiment, the retention time of the livestock and poultry manure in the drying furnace is 60-120 min, 90min is selected in the embodiment, the generated water vapor is discharged and then separated by a first gas-liquid separation device, the waste liquid enters a biological filter tank for treatment, the waste gas enters a biological trickling filter tower for treatment, and the waste gas after the peculiar smell is eliminated is emptied.
Conveying the dried livestock and poultry manure to a low-temperature carbonization furnace by a screw conveyor for low-temperature carbonization, controlling the temperature of the low-temperature carbonization furnace to be 200-400 ℃, wherein the temperature is 300 ℃ in the embodiment, the retention time of the livestock and poultry manure in the low-temperature carbonization furnace is 60-120 min, and the retention time is 90min in the embodiment, separating the generated pyrolysis gas with high carbon dioxide content by a second gas-liquid separation device, introducing the pyrolysis oil into a biomass oil storage tank, purifying the gas by a carbon dioxide absorption device, and introducing the residual combustible gas such as methane, carbon monoxide and the like into a combustor for heat supply.
The livestock and poultry manure carbonized at low temperature is conveyed to a high-temperature carbonization furnace by a screw conveyor to be carbonized at high temperature, the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization furnace is controlled to be 400-700 ℃, 500 ℃ is selected in the embodiment, the residence time of the livestock and poultry manure in the high-temperature carbonization furnace is 60-120 min, 90min is selected in the embodiment, the generated pyrolysis gas mainly containing combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane is separated by a third gas-liquid separation device, the pyrolysis oil enters a biomass oil storage tank, and the combustible gas is conveyed to a combustor to supply heat.
The hot flue gas that the combustor burning produced is inputed into the heating jacket of high temperature carbonization stove and is heated high temperature carbonization stove, the heating temperature of each furnace is controlled by temperature unit, the flue gas that high temperature carbonization stove pressed from both sides the cover output once gets into low temperature carbonization stove and drying furnace and carries out waste heat utilization, the furnace temperature of low temperature carbonization stove is controlled by combustor and temperature compensation unit, drying furnace heating jacket export flue gas cooling back is carried the biological trickling filter tower and is got rid of the peculiar smell evacuation, biological trickling filter tower import flue gas temperature is because of controlling below 50 ℃.
The heat exchange cooler is internally provided with a rotatable livestock and poultry manure conveying thin-wall jacket tube with an inclination angle of 30-45 ℃, and livestock and poultry manure carbon cooled by the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the biochar storage tank for sealed storage.
In the above embodiments, the best mode of the invention has been described, it is obvious that many changes can be made on the basis of the invention, and it should be noted that any changes made under the concept of the invention will be within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for the classification carbonization of livestock and poultry manure is characterized in that a system for the classification carbonization of the livestock and poultry manure is adopted, and comprises the following steps: the drying furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace, the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the heat exchange cooler and the biochar storage tank are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure;
the drying furnace is provided with an animal manure inlet, the drying furnace is also provided with a steam outlet, the steam outlet is connected with a first gas-liquid separation device, the first gas-liquid separation device is provided with a condensed water outlet and a waste gas outlet, the condensed water outlet is connected with a biological filter, and the waste gas outlet is connected with a biological trickling filter;
the low-temperature carbonization furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a second gas-liquid separation device, the second gas-liquid separation device is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet and a fuel gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is connected to the biomass oil storage tank, the fuel gas outlet of the second gas-liquid separation device is connected with a carbon dioxide absorption device, and the gas outlet of the carbon dioxide absorption device is connected with a burner;
the high-temperature carbonization furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas outlet of the high-temperature carbonization furnace is connected with a third gas-liquid separation device, the third gas-liquid separation device is provided with a pyrolysis oil outlet and a fuel gas outlet, the pyrolysis oil outlet of the third gas-liquid separation device is connected to the biomass oil storage tank, the fuel gas outlet of the third gas-liquid separation device is connected to the burner, and the burner is connected with the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
the heat exchange cooler is connected with the high-temperature carbonization furnace;
the biological carbon storage tank is connected with the heat exchange cooler;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) sequentially inputting the livestock and poultry manure into a drying furnace, a low-temperature carbonization furnace, a high-temperature carbonization furnace, a heat exchange cooler and a biochar storage tank in a continuous feeding mode through a spiral conveyor;
2) controlling the temperature of the drying furnace at 100-200 ℃, keeping the livestock and poultry manure in the drying furnace for 60-120 min, discharging generated water vapor, separating the water vapor by using a first gas-liquid separation device, treating condensed water waste liquid in a biological filter, treating waste gas in a biological trickling filter, and emptying the waste gas after eliminating peculiar smell;
3) the temperature of the low-temperature carbonization furnace is controlled to be 200-400 ℃, the residence time of the livestock and poultry manure in the low-temperature carbonization furnace is 60-120 min, the generated pyrolysis gas is separated by a second gas-liquid separation device, the pyrolysis oil enters a biomass oil storage tank, the gas is purified by a carbon dioxide absorption device, and the purified gas enters a combustor for supplying heat;
4) the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization furnace is controlled to be 400-700 ℃, the residence time of the livestock and poultry manure in the high-temperature carbonization furnace is 60-120 min, the generated pyrolysis gas is separated by a third gas-liquid separation device, the pyrolysis oil enters a biomass oil storage tank, and the combustible gas is conveyed to a combustor for heat supply;
5) hot flue gas generated by combustion of the combustor is input into a heating jacket of the high-temperature carbonization furnace to heat the high-temperature carbonization furnace, the low-temperature carbonization furnace is heated by flue gas led out from the heating jacket of the high-temperature carbonization furnace, and the drying furnace is heated by flue gas led out from the heating jacket of the low-temperature carbonization furnace;
6) and the livestock and poultry manure carbon produced by the high-temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler and then is conveyed to the livestock and poultry manure carbon storage tank for storage, and the hot air passing through the heat exchange cooler is conveyed to the combustor by the induced draft fan to be mixed with the pyrolysis gas for combustion.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying oven, the low temperature carbonization furnace and the high temperature carbonization furnace each comprise a pipe furnace for conveying poultry manure in a rotating manner and a heating jacket disposed on the outer periphery of the pipe furnace, wherein flue gas discharged from the heating jacket of the high temperature carbonization furnace is introduced into the heating jacket of the low temperature carbonization furnace, and flue gas discharged from the heating jacket of the low temperature carbonization furnace is introduced into the heating jacket of the drying oven.
3. The method for the fractional carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 2, wherein the pipe furnace for the rotary conveyance of the livestock and poultry manure is a pipe furnace provided with a screw conveyor.
4. The method for graded carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange cooler is a jacket tubular cooler, the angle between the conveying direction of the livestock and poultry manure and the horizontal direction of the jacket tubular cooler is 30-45 degrees, the jacket in the jacket tubular cooler is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the burner is provided with an induced draft fan, the air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the air outlet of the jacket, and the air outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the burner.
5. The method for staged carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace are provided with a temperature control unit and a temperature compensation unit which are independent of each other.
6. The method for the fractional carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the burner is provided with a flow control unit.
7. The method of staged carbonization of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the livestock and poultry manure char produced from the high temperature carbonization furnace is cooled by the heat exchange cooler, and the transportation direction of the livestock and poultry manure in the heat exchange cooler is opposite to the flow direction of the heat exchanged air.
8. The method for graded carbonization of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein the burner adjusts the gas flow to realize accurate temperature control according to the temperature measurement feedback of the low-temperature carbonization furnace and the high-temperature carbonization furnace.
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| CN109679703A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-26 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of preparation method of biomass castoff carbonization produced environment friendly moulded coal |
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| CN110078350B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2022-01-11 | 北京云水浩瑞环境科技有限公司 | Sludge comprehensive treatment system and method |
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| CN112923688A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-08 | 浙江长三角聚农科技开发有限公司 | Low-temperature and high-temperature two-stage drying system and process using waste heat of modular biomass high-speed carbonization equipment as heat source |
| CN114634286B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-07-25 | 北京科技大学 | System and method for preparing fecal biochar and flushing toilet by utilizing solar energy and pyrolysis waste heat |
| CN115029146A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-09-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Solid waste pyrolysis coupling plasma hydrogen production system |
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| JP4538595B1 (en) * | 2009-10-07 | 2010-09-08 | 克守 谷黒 | Biomass material processing method and thermal energy utilization method |
| CN104722268A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-24 | 浙江科技学院 | Preparation method for chrysanthemum morifolium ramat straw charcoal |
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