CN105371280B - The apparatus and method that a kind of solid waste organic substance cleaning is burned - Google Patents
The apparatus and method that a kind of solid waste organic substance cleaning is burned Download PDFInfo
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- CN105371280B CN105371280B CN201510785710.4A CN201510785710A CN105371280B CN 105371280 B CN105371280 B CN 105371280B CN 201510785710 A CN201510785710 A CN 201510785710A CN 105371280 B CN105371280 B CN 105371280B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of the solid material energy containing organic matter, be related to the apparatus and method that a kind of cleaning of solid waste organic substance is burned, device by the charging/discharging device of refrigerating function, thermal decomposition chamber, combustion chamber, room, material desiccation, gas cleaning etc. fired again constitute；Thermally decomposed by solid waste organic matter under oxygen-free atmosphere and be converted into combustible gas and charcoal, then combustible gas is subjected to aerobic cleaning and burnt, the pyrolysis and drying for system material provide heat energy, reach that the cleaning of solid waste organic matter is burned and energy-autarchic purpose；The present invention is by extending time and space between the pyrolysis during pyrolysis and combustion and two stages of burning, the fugitive constituent gas for combustion phases only burning the thermal decomposition of solid waste organic matter producing is realized for itself or extraneous heat is provided, solid-phase material based on occur thermal decomposition, and indirect burning, so as to reduce secondary pollution and the waste gas purification expense caused by solid is directly burned, reach that the purpose of recycling is burned in the cleaning of solid waste organic substance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of the solid waste energy containing organic substance, more particularly to a kind of solid waste is organic
The apparatus and method that material cleaning is burned.
Background technology
It is now by a kind of recycling treatment side of foreign countries' accreditation that solid waste organic substance such as municipal sludge, municipal refuse etc., which are burned,
Formula, but the toxic and harmful gas such as dioxins materials are also easy to produce with the raising and burning of environment protectment protection, also by people
Query；While the exhaust gas volumn of solid waste burning technique generation is big, harm composition is more, the equipment throwing needed for being purified to it
Money and operating cost are larger, the development bottleneck as engineering application.What solid waste organic matter carried out recycling is mainly it
In organic matter, and organic matter is easily converted into the liquid phase or gas phase fuel of cleaning under anaerobic low temperature pyrogenation operating mode, the process
Because anaerobic situation can effectively suppress the generation of the toxic and harmful gas such as bioxin, gradually it is considered as a kind of heat treatment cleaned
Mode.Pyrolytic process is endothermic process, it is necessary to outer heating load, and the liquid phase or gaseous products produced be also difficult to it is direct as the energy
Utilize, cause pyrolysis to be difficult to large-scale engineeringization popularization.At present, part researcher will be pyrolyzed and is combined with burning, realize heat
Decomposing volatile gas burns, and is directly burnt instead of solid waste organic matter, reaches the purpose of cleaning burning.And this combination is mainly
Pyrolysis and combustion machine are divided into two processes in isolation, the separation isolated with combustion machine will be pyrolyzed, cause the thermal effect of system
Rate is substantially reduced, operating cost increases, and the acid sticky liquid phase tar produced in system is easily attached in pipeline and equipment
Wall, causes the blocking of pipeline and the corrosion of equipment, influences the normal operation of system, it is also difficult to carry out engineering popularization and application.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, solid waste organic matter is promoted to clean the application of incineration technology, this hair
Bright purpose is to provide the apparatus and method that a kind of solid waste organic substance cleaning is burned, the first sky by controlling thermal decomposition chamber
Tolerance realizes that organic matter carries out low temperature oxygen-free thermal decomposition in material, then will thermally decompose the combustible gas produced on thermal decomposition chamber top
Combustion chambers burn, the heat re-radiation that combustible gas burning is produced feeds back to the material of bottom thermal decomposition chamber, be material pyrolysis from
Utilized needed for body, remaining most of heat is provided from the drying or outer for other equipment utilization of body material, realizes that burning solid waste is organic
The combustible gas that thing thermal decomposition is produced, and indirect burning solid waste, reach that the cleaning of solid waste material is burned, reduce gas cleaning
Scale of investment and operating cost, while the multifunctionality of solid product purposes is also improved, the warp of reduction solid waste organic matter processing
Ji expense.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The device that a kind of solid waste organic substance cleaning is burned, including：
Closed conduit helical feeding apparatus 1；
Material storing box 2 below the discharge end of closed conduit helical feeding apparatus 1；
Solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4；
The material conveying axis 3 with water cooling function in solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4；
Coupled logical flammable combustion chamber 5 positioned at the top of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4；
Coupled logical combustible gas positioned at the flammable rear end of combustion chamber 5 fires room 6 again；
Adjust the thermal decomposition chamber air blower 7 of the intake of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4；
Adjust the combustion chamber air blower 8 of the flammable intake of combustion chamber 5；
What regulation combustible gas fired the intake of room 6 again fires room air blower 9 again；
The external source burner 10 heated for solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4；
And fire the material drying device 11 of the Btu utilization of the rear end of room 6 again positioned at combustible gas.
Highest and minimum material position control, the built-in water-cooling of material conveying axis 3 are provided with the material storing box 2
But device.
The thermal decomposition chamber 4 narrow wide inverted trapezoidal under being, thermal decomposition chamber 4 is suitable for reading to be directly connected with flammable combustion chamber 5
Insertion.
The combustible gas fires room 6 for obliquely with the inversions of 30 ± 5 degree angles again, and with the direct insertion of flammable combustion chamber 5.
The thermal decomposition chamber air blower 7, combustion chamber air blower 8, the air output for firing room air blower 9 again are entered by frequency converter
Row regulation and control.
The discharge end of the solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 is provided with the solids exit screw conveyor shaft 14 of built-in water-cooling pipe,
Solids exit screw conveyor shaft 14 is located in closed discharge nozzle, and it is cooling water in double-decker, interlayer that discharge nozzle, which is,.
Present invention also offers a kind of method that the device burned is cleaned based on the solid waste organic substance, including following step
Suddenly：
A. material to be pyrolyzed is conveyed into solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 by closed conduit helical feeding apparatus 1, utilized
External source burner 10 is heated to 350-550 DEG C, adjusts material input, and adjusts intake by thermal decomposition chamber air blower 7, makes solid
Thermal cracking occurs for the organic matter fractions that phase materials thermal decomposition chamber 4 is in anaerobic or anaerobic condition, material, produces combustible gas and life
Thing charcoal；
B. the combustible gas obtained in step a enters flammable combustion chamber 5, regulates and controls material input, and pass through combustion chamber air blast
Machine 8 adjusts intake, and combustible gas burning makes the flammable temperature of combustion chamber 5 maintain 800-900 DEG C；
C. simultaneous is that to fire room 6 again be 30 ± 5 degree of angle upside downs, the part of flammable combustion chamber 5 for the combustible gas of hot gas path
Hot gas back radiation maintains the temperature of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 for needed for warm solution in material to solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4
350-550 DEG C of temperature, so as to ensure the stable circulation of whole system；
D. remaining most of heat and imperfect combustion combustible gas of flammable combustion chamber 5 fire room 6 again into combustible gas
Further burning, the heat of generation provides heat into material drying device 11 for dry materials to be pyrolyzed；
E. the charcoal obtained in step a is reached in the containment housing as discharge end by material conveying axis 3, then through close
Storage bin 15 is delivered to outside the solids exit screw conveyor shaft 14 of the built-in water-cooling closed but pipe, external jacket is also used during sending outside
Water cooling mode is cooled down to charcoal, it is to avoid charcoal is drained through the spontaneous combustion of journey outside, influences charcoal application performance.
The material to be thermally decomposed is the one or more in municipal refuse, sewage sludge, agriculture and forestry organic waste material and stalk.
The combustible gas produced for solid-bed break-up for firing the burning of room 6 again in flammable combustion chamber 5 and combustible gas, rather than
Solid-phase material.
The described combustible gas produced in thermal decomposition chamber 4 is mainly H2、CO、CH4And the non-condensing gas such as other alkanes
With the complicated escaping gas of the condensing gas composition of complicated pyrolysis oil and water vapour；
Material to be pyrolyzed 30~40min of residence time in solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 in the step a, temperature is
350-550 DEG C, combustible gas fires the temperature of room 6 and maintains 700-1000 DEG C again in step d.
Compared with prior art, when the present invention during solid organic matter is burnt by being pyrolyzed between two stages of burning
Between with space moderately extend, realize by organic matter transformation in solid waste be combustible gas burnt, rather than solid material direct combustion
Burning is converted into heat, and obtains multiduty charcoal, reaches heat treatment mode of the solid waste compared with cleaning, improves heat utilization effect
Rate, reduces gas cleaning expense.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that solid waste organic substance of the present invention cleans the device burned.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of material conveying axis of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that heat of the present invention confesses method schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The particular technique method and apparatus to the present invention are carried out in detail, completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
Description explanation, described embodiment is only the part example of the present invention, rather than whole example.People in the art
Member does not make the every other example obtained under the premise of creative work, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the device that a kind of cleaning of solid waste organic substance is burned, including closed conduit helical feeding apparatus 1, can
Material storing box 2, material conveying axis 3, the solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 of inverted trapezoidal, the combustible gas for controlling highest and minimum material position fire
Burn room 5, combustible gas fire again room 6, thermal decomposition chamber air blower 7, combustion chamber air blower 8, fire again room air blower 9, external source burner 10,
The outer smoke evacuation chimney 13 of material drying device 11, gas cleaning plant 12, flue gas, solids exit screw conveyor shaft 14, charcoal storage
Case 15 etc..
Material storing box 2 is located at the discharge end of feeding device 1, is fed, is provided with most in material storing box 2 to solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4
High and minimum material position control.Material conveying axis 3 are located in solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4, as shown in Fig. 2 in its axle
Water cooling tube is set.Material conveying axis 3 can be such that material is pyrolyzed under feed status, and the material after pyrolysis is by material conveying axis 3
Deliver in the seal case being located in solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 as discharge end, the discharge end of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4
The solids exit screw conveyor shaft 14 of built-in water-cooling pipe is provided with, solids exit screw conveyor shaft 14 is located at closed discharge nozzle
In, it is cooling water in double-decker, interlayer that discharge nozzle, which is,.The narrow wide inverted trapezoidal structure under being of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4, with
The combustible gas that flammable combustion chamber 5 is communicated fires room 6 again to be placed with 30 degree of angles obliquely, it is ensured that the part heat of flammable combustion chamber 5
Amount feeds back to following solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4.Thermal decomposition chamber air blower 7, combustion chamber air blower 8,9 points of room air blower is fired again
Not Tiao Jie solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4, flammable combustion chamber 5, combustible gas fire the intake of room 6 again, and entered by frequency converter
Row regulation and control.External source burner 10 is that solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 is heated, and material drying device 11 realizes UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
The invention provides the apparatus and method that the cleaning of solid waste organic substance is burned, it is possible to achieve burning solid waste organic substance
Converting combustible gas, instead of direct burning solid organic substance, provides heat for boundary in or beyond system, reaches SOLID ORGANIC
The purpose that material cleaning is burned, Fig. 3 show present invention cleaning incinerating method schematic diagram, mainly comprises the following steps：
(1) according to the size for the treatment of capacity, regulation closed conduit helical feeding apparatus 1 conveys rotating speed, makes material in material storing box 2
Between highest in casing and minimum material position；
(2) water circulating pump and cooling tower switch are opened, it is ensured that the high-temperature portion such as material conveying axis 3, charcoal discharge nozzle interlayer
The water cooling system operation divided；
(3) material in solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 is heated to by temperature 350- needed for being pyrolyzed by external source burner 10
550 DEG C, and adjusting material and intake makes the flammable temperature of combustion chamber 5 reach 800-900 DEG C, system is reached the stable shape of operation
State, stops the heat supply of external source burner 10；
(4) after system is reached steady operational status by external source, the continuous conveying of closed conduit helical feeding apparatus 1 is passed through
Appropriate desiccation material enters body of heater by material storing box 2, and the intake of regulation solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 thermally decomposes solid-phase material
Anaerobic or anaerobic condition are in room 4；
(5) different according to material, regulation inlet amount and intake size control the flammable temperature of combustion chamber 5 in 800-900
DEG C, the flammable back radiation of combustion chamber 5 guarantees to make the temperature of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4 to the heat of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4
350-550 DEG C of temperature needed for degree up to pyrolysis, so as to ensure the stable circulation of whole system；
(6) rotating speed of material conveying axis 3 in regulation solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber 4, control solid material is in solid-phase material warm point
It is 30~40min to solve the residence time in room 4；
(7) partial heat of flammable combustion chamber 5 and imperfect combustion combustible gas introduce combustible gas to fire room 6 again further
Burning, the heat of generation introduces material drying device 11 and provides heat for dry materials；
(8) the serial purified treatment of flue gas purification system 12 of flue gas entrance come out from drying system 11 reaches that discharge standard is led to
Cross the outer row of chimney 13；
(9) the black bio matter charcoal that pyrolysis is produced, can after closed cooling system is delivered to charcoal storage bin 16
Used as fuel, sewage adsorbent or soil conditioner；
(10) exemplified by using municipal sludge as material, water circulation system and three Room blower fans is first turned on, charging are opened and defeated
Send material motor and external source burner；Constantly regulate feeds the conveying rotating speed with conveyor screw motor, makes at thermal decomposition chamber material
In pyrolysis or fired state；When thermal decomposition chamber temperature reaches 400-500 DEG C, regulation control charging and thermal decomposition chamber conveying motor turn
Speed, and three Room intakes of regulation；It is about 330kg/h in the dewatered sludge (moisture content 10% or so) into thermal decomposition chamber, and makes
Residence time of the material in thermal decomposition chamber is in 30-40min, so that thermal decomposition chamber temperature keeps 400-500 DEG C and combustion chamber
Temperature is at 800-900 DEG C, then fires room temperature at 700-1000 DEG C, it is ensured that its own system energy-autarchic and stable operation；Transport herein
Under row operating mode, what organic matter thermal decomposition was produced in dewatered sludge includes H2、CO、CO2、CH4And the noncondensable such as other alkanes
The Combination escaping gas of the condensing gas of the pyrolysis oil and water vapour of gas and complicated ingredient, turns into combustion chambers burn
Turn to heat, the solid product of generation for can as the multi-functional purposes such as fuel, soil conditioner, sewage adsorbent biology
The yield of charcoal, wherein charcoal is about 50%, and escaping gas yield is about 50%, is heat, yield and energy through burning conversion
Measure conversion ratio different according to the content of organic matter, yield is slightly different.
Claims (5)
1. the method that a kind of cleaning of solid waste organic substance is burned, based on device include：
Closed conduit helical feeding apparatus (1)；
Material storing box (2) below closed conduit helical feeding apparatus (1) discharge end；
Solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4)；
The material conveying axis (3) with water cooling function in solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4)；
Coupled logical flammable combustion chamber (5) above solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4)；
Coupled logical combustible gas positioned at flammable combustion chamber (5) rear end fires room (6) again；
Adjust the thermal decomposition chamber air blower (7) of solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4) intake；
Adjust the combustion chamber air blower (8) of flammable combustion chamber (5) intake；
What regulation combustible gas fired room (6) intake again fires room air blower (9) again；
The external source burner (10) heated for solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4)；
And fire the material drying device (11) of the Btu utilization of room (6) rear end again positioned at combustible gas；
Characterized in that, method comprises the following steps：
A. material to be pyrolyzed is conveyed into solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4) by closed conduit helical feeding apparatus (1), utilized
External source burner (10) is heated to 350-550 DEG C, adjusts material input, and adjusts intake by thermal decomposition chamber air blower (7),
Thermal cracking occurs for the organic moiety for making solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4) be in anaerobic or anaerobic condition, material, produces combustible gas
And charcoal；
B. the combustible gas obtained in step a enters flammable combustion chamber (5), regulates and controls material input, and pass through combustion chamber air blower
(8) intake is adjusted, combustible gas burning makes flammable combustion chamber (5) temperature maintain 800-900 DEG C；
And be that to fire room (6) again be 30 ± 5 degree of angle upside downs, the part of flammable combustion chamber (5) for the combustible gas of hot gas path c.
Hot gas back radiation is to solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4), and the temperature for maintaining solid-phase material thermal decomposition chamber (4) is organic matter in material
350-550 DEG C of temperature needed for thermal decomposition, so as to ensure the stable circulation of whole system；
D. remaining most of heat and imperfect combustion combustible gas of flammable combustion chamber (5) fire room (6) again into combustible gas
Further burning, the heat of generation provides heat into material drying device (11) for dry materials to be thermally decomposed；
E. the flue gas come out from drying equipment (11) enters serial flue gas purification system (12) and reaches that standard limit of smog release passes through cigarette
Chimney (13) is arranged outside；
F. the charcoal obtained in step a is reached as in the containment housing of discharge end by material conveying axis (3), then through closed
Built-in water-cooling but pipe solids exit screw conveyor shaft (14) outside deliver to storage bin (15), outer clip is also used during sending outside
Set water cooling mode is cooled down to charcoal, it is to avoid charcoal is drained through the spontaneous combustion of journey outside, influences charcoal application performance.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material to be thermally decomposed is municipal refuse, Sewage
One or more in mud, agriculture and forestry organic waste material and stalk.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Room is fired again in the flammable combustion chamber (5) and combustible gas
(6) combustible gas that generation is pyrolyzed for solid phase of burning, rather than solid-phase material.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described combustible gas is main by non-condensing gas and condensation
Property gas composition, the non-condensing gas include H2, CO and CH4, the condensing gas are including being pyrolyzed oil gas and water vapour.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Material to be pyrolyzed is in solid-phase material warm in the step a
Interior 30~the 40min of residence time of decomposition chamber (4), temperature is 350-550 DEG C, and combustible gas fires room (6) temperature and maintained again in step d
700-1000℃。
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| CN201510785710.4A CN105371280B (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2015-11-16 | The apparatus and method that a kind of solid waste organic substance cleaning is burned |
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| CN105371280A CN105371280A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105371280B true CN105371280B (en) | 2017-10-27 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107382007A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-24 | 王凯军 | A kind of integrating device and method of portable greasy filth pyrolysis disposal of resources |
| CN110724542A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-24 | 山东十方环保能源股份有限公司 | Automatic retort of control operation |
| CN110724543A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-24 | 山东十方环保能源股份有限公司 | Biomass carbonization furnace |
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| EP0543480A2 (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-05-26 | KINSEI SANGYO Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for incinerating waste material |
| CN1534235A (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-06 | 普兰帝克股份有限公司 | Vertical garbage burning furnace for burning waste and its controlling method |
| CN103438431A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 龚水明 | Biomass solid fuel boiler |
| CN103776034A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-07 | 广西长润环境工程有限公司 | Household garbage harmless pyrolysis treatment system |
| CN103953931A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-07-30 | 张文国 | Incineration cracking type innocent garbage treatment device and process |
| CN203757722U (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-08-06 | 于洪亮 | Remain garbage environment-friendly incinerator |
| CN205119077U (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-30 | 王凯军 | Admittedly clean device that burns of useless organic substance |
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2015
- 2015-11-16 CN CN201510785710.4A patent/CN105371280B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0543480A2 (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-05-26 | KINSEI SANGYO Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for incinerating waste material |
| CN1534235A (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-06 | 普兰帝克股份有限公司 | Vertical garbage burning furnace for burning waste and its controlling method |
| CN103438431A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 龚水明 | Biomass solid fuel boiler |
| CN203757722U (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-08-06 | 于洪亮 | Remain garbage environment-friendly incinerator |
| CN103776034A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-07 | 广西长润环境工程有限公司 | Household garbage harmless pyrolysis treatment system |
| CN103953931A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-07-30 | 张文国 | Incineration cracking type innocent garbage treatment device and process |
| CN205119077U (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-30 | 王凯军 | Admittedly clean device that burns of useless organic substance |
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Effective date of registration: 20200514 Address after: Room 106-1313, building 2, yard 8, Shengnan Road, Miyun District, Beijing Patentee after: BEIJING ZHONGYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100084 energy saving building, room 913, School of environmental science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Haidian District Co-patentee before: Chang Fengmin Patentee before: Wang Kaijun Co-patentee before: Wang Cuiping |
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