CN109153322A - 电力变换装置的搭载构造 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明所涉及的电力变换装置的搭载构造具有:侧梁(3),其沿车辆的前后方向延伸;支架部件(5),其设置于侧梁(3);驱动单元(7),其经由支架部件(5)而保持于侧梁(3);以及逆变器(9),其安装于支架部件(5)。支架部件(5)的刚性设定为高于侧梁(3)的刚性,在从车辆的侧方观察的情况下,逆变器(9)配置于驱动单元(7)的前端与后端之间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电力变换装置的搭载构造。
背景技术
当前,公知如下构造,即,在车辆的前部配置有驱动室,在该驱动室的内部收容有发动机、电机等驱动源(参照专利文献1)。在该专利文献1中,在车辆的前部配置有电机室,在所述电机室的内部配置有电机壳体以及动力控制单元壳体。具体而言,动力控制单元壳体固定于电机壳体的上表面。
专利文献1:日本特开2012-144227号公报
发明内容
这里,所述专利文献1所记载的电机壳体在从车辆的侧方观察的侧视时,以向前方且向下方的斜下方倾斜的状态配置。因此,在车辆发生前面碰撞的情况下,电机壳体的前端部以向下方移动的方式旋转,有可能使得输入至动力控制单元壳体的载荷增大。
因此,本发明的目的在于,提供在车辆发生前面碰撞的情况下能够降低输入至电力变换装置的载荷的电力变换装置的搭载构造。
在本发明所涉及的电力变换装置的搭载构造中,具有:支架部件,其设置于车身部件;以及驱动单元和电力变换装置,它们安装于所述支架部件。在从车辆的侧方观察的情况下,所述电力变换装置配置于所述驱动单元的前端与后端之间。
发明的效果
根据本发明所涉及的电力变换装置的搭载构造,能够降低输入至电力变换装置的碰撞载荷。
附图说明
图1是从上方观察设置有本发明的实施方式所涉及的电力变换装置的搭载构造的车辆前部的俯视图。
图2是从车辆前方观察图1的车辆前部的主视图。
图3是从车辆左侧观察图2的车辆前部的侧视图。
图4是表示本发明的实施方式所涉及的电力变换装置的附近的放大斜视图。
图5是图4的分解斜视图。
图6是图4的A-A线的剖面图。
图7是本发明的实施方式所涉及的支架部件的分解斜视图。
具体实施方式
下面,对本发明的实施方式进行说明。此外,在附图中,由FR表示车辆前方侧,由RR表示后方侧,由RH表示车辆右侧,由LH表示车辆左侧。
如图1~图5所示,在车辆前部1配置有如下部件:左右一对侧梁3(车身部件),它们沿车辆的前后方向延伸;支架部件5,其设置于上述各侧梁3;驱动单元7,其经由支架部件5而保持于侧梁3;以及逆变器9(电力变换装置),其安装于支架部件5。如图1所示,上述侧梁3、支架部件5、驱动单元7以及逆变器9配置于车辆前部1的驱动室11的内部。在该驱动室11的车辆后方,经由前围板13而配置有车室15。即,前围板13的车辆前侧构成为驱动室11,前围板13的车辆后侧构成为车室15。
侧梁3(车身部件)形成为方筒状、且沿前后方向延伸。具体而言,由如下部件构成为闭合剖面构造:车宽方向的外侧的外侧面21;上表面23,其从外侧面21的上部向车宽方向的中央侧延伸;下表面25,其从外侧面21的下部向车宽方向的中央侧延伸;以及内侧面27,其将上述上表面23以及下面25彼此连结。
图4~图7示出了车辆左侧的侧梁3的附近。如图4~图7详细所示,支架部件5由如下部件构成为一体:下侧托架31,其配置于下部;以及上侧托架33,其配置于上部。下侧托架31从车辆前方观察时弯曲成L字状。具体而言,由如下部件形成为一体:纵壁35,其沿前后方向以及上下方向延伸;以及上壁37,其在纵壁35的上端折弯而向车宽方向的外侧延伸。上侧托架33由如下部件构成为一体:3个支撑脚部39,它们从下侧托架31的上壁37向上方延伸;以及上表面部41,其配置于支撑脚部39的上方。在上表面部41设置有:外侧延伸设置部43,其形成于车辆左侧的端部;以及内侧延伸设置部45,其形成于车辆右侧的端部。在外侧延伸设置部43以及内侧延伸设置部45形成有螺栓孔46。另外,在上表面部41的中央,圆筒状的橡胶收容部47朝向下方凸出设置。而且,如图5、图6详细所示,下侧托架31的上壁37载置于侧梁3的上表面23,下侧托架31的纵壁35与侧梁3的内侧面27抵接,利用螺栓B和螺母N将下侧托架31紧固连结于侧梁3。
驱动单元7由如下部件构成为一体:发动机49,其配置于车辆右侧;以及电动机51,其配置于发动机49的车辆左侧。上述发动机49以及电动机51是与其他作为通常的车辆部件的电池、空气滤清器等相比的重量大的重物。对于车辆驱动用的电动机51,使用3相交流同步式电机。逆变器9的功率半导体将从未图示的驱动用高电压电池经由接线盒而供给的直流电流变换为3相交流,并供给至同步电机等电动机51。对于向电动机51供给的3相交流电流,半导体切换机构根据PWM信号进行切换而生成在与转速同步的频率下与目标扭矩相应的电流。控制装置以与转速同步、且与目标扭矩相应的方式向切换机构的半导体进行PWM输出,进行反馈控制以使得对相电流进行检测的电流传感器值与目标一致。
支架部件5具有对驱动单元7进行支撑的振动衰减部件61。下面进行详细叙述。如图6、图7所示,振动衰减部件61具有:橡胶收容部47,其设置于支架部件5;上侧橡胶63,其收纳于橡胶收容部47的内部;金属制保持板65,其配置于上侧橡胶63的上侧;以及下侧橡胶67,其配置于橡胶收容部47的底面47a的下侧。橡胶收容部47由如下部件构成:圆盘状的底面47a;以及圆筒状的侧面47b,其从底面47a的外周缘向上方延伸。上述上侧橡胶63、金属制保持板65、橡胶收容部47的底面47a、下侧橡胶67形成为圆盘状,在径向中央部形成有供螺栓B插通的插通孔H。此外,上侧橡胶63以及下侧橡胶67只要是具有弹性的通常的橡胶即可,并不特别限定。上述支架部件5以及侧梁3均由具有导电性的金属形成。另外,支架部件5的刚性设定为高于侧梁3的刚性。
而且,在电动机51的上表面69固定有保持体71。该保持体71由如下部件形成为一体:基台73,其载置于电动机51的上表面69;保持脚75,其从基台73的上表面向上方延伸;以及螺栓B,其从保持脚75的上表面向上方延伸。螺栓B插入于上侧橡胶63、金属制保持板65、橡胶收容部47的底面47a、下侧橡胶67的插通孔H,螺栓B的前端部从金属制保持板65的插通孔H凸出。通过使螺母N与该螺栓B的前端部螺合,从而能够使得保持体71与振动衰减部件61结合。由此,经由支架部件5而将驱动单元7保持于侧梁3。此外,由封止板77将橡胶收容部47的上部开口部封闭。
逆变器9(电力变换装置)安装于支架部件5。
在逆变器9的下表面的左右两端部,凸出设置部81向下方凸出,设置有4个从凸出设置部81的底面向下方延伸的螺栓B。另外,第1配线85以及第2配线87与逆变器9的上表面83连接。在第1配线85的前端设置有端子89,该端子89与电动机51的连接器91连接。这样,经由第1配线85而将电动机51和逆变器9电连接。第2配线87与未图示的高电压电池连接。逆变器9的整个外表面由具有导电性的金属形成。此外,逆变器9通过高速切换而将高电压、高电流从直流变换为交流。因此,基于是电噪声的发生源、以及想要配置于电动机51的附近的理由而将逆变器9配置于驱动室11的内部。
另一方面,如前所述,在构成支架部件5的上侧托架33的上表面部41,形成有共计4个螺栓孔46。将逆变器9的凸出设置部81的螺栓B插入于上侧托架33的上表面部41的螺栓孔46并利用螺母N对螺栓B进行螺合,由此将逆变器9安装于支架部件5。这样,侧梁3、支架部件5以及逆变器9的外表面由金属形成,侧梁3和支架部件5抵接,支架部件5和逆变器9的外表面抵接。
另外,如图1、图3所示,在从车辆的侧方观察的情况下,逆变器9配置于驱动单元7的前端7a与后端7b之间。具体而言,驱动单元7的前端7a为发动机49的前表面49a,驱动单元7的后端7b为电动机51的后表面51a。
另外,如图1、图3、图4所示,在逆变器9的前方,低电压电池93(车辆部件)与逆变器9相对配置,在逆变器9的后方,空气滤清器95(车辆部件)与逆变器9相对配置。低电压电池93的作为与逆变器9相对的相对面的背面93a以及空气滤清器95的作为与逆变器9相对的相对面的前表面95a均形成为平面状。此外,低电压电池93的至少作为与逆变器9相对的相对面的背面93a由树脂形成。另外,对于空气滤清器95,至少作为与逆变器9相对的相对面的前表面95a由树脂形成。
下面,对本发明的实施方式的作用效果进行说明。
(1)本发明的实施方式所涉及的电力变换装置的搭载构造具有:侧梁3(车身部件),其沿车辆的前后方向延伸;支架部件5,其设置于侧梁3;驱动单元7,其经由支架部件5而保持于侧梁3;以及逆变器9(电力变换装置),其安装于支架部件5。支架部件5的刚性设定为高于侧梁3的刚性,在从车辆的侧方观察的情况下,逆变器9配置于驱动单元7的前端7a与后端7b之间。
这样,驱动单元7和逆变器9均经由刚性高于侧梁3的刚性的支架部件5而安装于侧梁3。另外,在从车辆的侧方观察的情况下,逆变器9配置于驱动单元7的前端7a与后端7b之间。即,逆变器9配置于由驱动单元7进行保护以免受碰撞物影响的部位。另外,支架部件5的刚性设定为高于侧梁3的刚性,因此难以因碰撞载荷而被破坏。因此,即使对车辆输入有朝向后方的碰撞载荷,也由驱动单元7的前端7a承受载荷,因此使得输入至逆变器9的载荷降低。并且,如果朝向后方的载荷输入至驱动单元7,则逆变器9与驱动单元7一起向后方移动。这样,在车辆发生前面碰撞时,驱动单元7以及逆变器9向后方移动而不会旋转,因此能够降低输入至逆变器9的碰撞载荷。
(2)侧梁3、支架部件5以及逆变器9的外表面由金属形成,侧梁3和支架部件5抵接,支架部件5和逆变器9的外表面抵接。
因此,上述侧梁3、支架部件5以及逆变器9的外表面设定为相同的电位(等电位)。因此,能够不使用接地线而以简单的构造高效地使得逆变器9与地面接触(接地)。
(3)支架部件5具有对驱动单元7进行支撑的振动衰减部件61。
这样,驱动单元7安装于振动衰减部件61,因此能够抑制在车辆行驶时所产生的驱动单元7的振动传递至车身。
(4)驱动单元7具有电动机51,该电动机51和逆变器9经由第1配线85(配线)而电连接。
在对车辆输入有朝向后方的碰撞载荷的情况下,逆变器9与驱动单元7一起向车辆后方移动。即,驱动单元7和逆变器9的彼此的相对位置几乎未发生变化,因此第1配线85的长度的变化量减小,施加于第1配线85的负荷降低。
(5)在侧梁3的上表面23的逆变器9的车辆前侧或者车辆后侧,配置有与逆变器9相对的相对面形成为平面状的低电压电池93(车辆部件)或者空气滤清器95(车辆部件)。
这样,车辆部件的与逆变器9相对的相对面为平面状,因此在逆变器9与车辆部件接触的情况下,车辆部件和逆变器9以较大的面积抵接。特别是在车辆部件配置于逆变器9的车辆前侧的情况下,能够由车辆部件有效地将朝向车辆后方的碰撞载荷吸收。由此使得输入至逆变器9的载荷进一步降低。
(6)所述车辆部件为低电压电池93(电池),低电压电池93的至少作为与逆变器9相对的相对面的背面93a由树脂形成。
这样,车辆部件为低电压电池93,因此低电压电池93的维护作业的空间以及更换作业的空间与逆变器9(电力变换装置)的维护作业的空间以及更换作业的空间共享。因而,逆变器9以及低电压电池93的维护作业、更换作业变得容易,并且能够将逆变器9以及低电压电池93的周围的空间设定得较小。另外,低电压电池93的与逆变器9相对的相对面为柔软的树脂,因此在逆变器9与低电压电池93接触的情况下,能够使得输入至逆变器9的碰撞载荷进一步降低。
此外,本发明并不限定于前述的实施方式,可以实现各种变形以及变更。例如,可以在支架部件5设置隔热件。利用该隔热件能够抑制来自发动机49的热传导至逆变器9。另外,低电压电池93配置于逆变器9的前侧,但也可以配置于逆变器9的后侧。
标号的说明
3 侧梁
5 支架部件
7 驱动单元
7a 前端
7b 后端
9 逆变器
51 电动机
61 振动衰减部件
85 第1配线(配线)
93 低电压电池(车辆部件)
93a 背面(相对面)
95 空气滤清器(车辆部件)
95a 前表面(相对面)
Claims (6)
1.一种电力变换装置的搭载构造,其具有:
车身部件,其沿车辆的前后方向延伸;
支架部件,其设置于所述车身部件;
驱动单元,其经由所述支架部件而保持于所述车身部件;以及
电力变换装置,其安装于所述支架部件,
所述支架部件的刚性设定为高于所述车身部件的刚性,
在从车辆的侧方观察的情况下,所述电力变换装置配置于所述驱动单元的前端与后端之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力变换装置的搭载构造,其中,
所述车身部件、所述支架部件以及所述电力变换装置的外表面由金属形成,
所述车身部件和支架部件抵接,所述支架部件和电力变换装置的外表面抵接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电力变换装置的搭载构造,其中,
所述支架部件具有对所述驱动单元进行支撑的振动衰减部件。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任1项所述的电力变换装置的搭载构造,其中,
所述驱动单元具有电动机,
该电动机和电力变换装置经由配线而电连接。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任1项所述的电力变换装置的搭载构造,其中,
在所述车身部件的上表面的电力变换装置的车辆前侧或者车辆后侧,配置有与所述电力变换装置相对的相对面形成为平面状的车辆部件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电力变换装置的搭载构造,其中,
所述车辆部件是电池,所述电池的至少与电力变换装置相对的相对面由树脂形成。
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