CN109125781B - 一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料 - Google Patents
一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109125781B CN109125781B CN201811364282.8A CN201811364282A CN109125781B CN 109125781 B CN109125781 B CN 109125781B CN 201811364282 A CN201811364282 A CN 201811364282A CN 109125781 B CN109125781 B CN 109125781B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,涉及医用敷料技术领域,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一、凝胶层和纤维层二,所述凝胶层由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸45‑55份、N‑羟甲基丙烯酰胺40‑50份、聚乙烯醇10‑20份、甘羟铝1‑2份、滑石粉3‑8份、聚丙烯纤维1‑2份、羧甲基纤维素钠4‑8份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮5‑12份、N,N‑亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.6‑1.2份、过硫酸钠0.5‑1份和水200‑300份,该敷料抗菌性能和机械性能优异,有助于伤口快速恢复。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医用敷料技术领域,尤其是涉及一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料。
背景技术
肝胆外科手术多为开腹手术,术中失血量多、手术时间长、术后手术部位感染为常见并发症,而预防肝胆外科术后切口感染对患者的术后康复至关重要,而抗菌敷料是术后伤口护理常用的敷料,用于止血或吸收伤口的渗出液,能够抗菌抑菌,加快创面恢复。
中国专利文献(公告号CN 105664238B)公开一种两性离子水凝胶敷料的制备方法和应用。将两性离子单体、交联剂、引发剂、氯化钠和蒸馏水按上述组分含量范围混合均匀。使用载玻片准备模板,将聚四氟乙烯垫片夹在两个载玻片之间形成空隙,将纱布裁剪到合适大小,夹在载玻片之间。然后将混合均匀的反应溶液滴加到模板空隙中,经过交联反应,即可得到两性离子水凝胶修饰的纱布敷料。同理,制备两性离子水凝胶创可贴;经过交联反应,即可得 到两性离子水凝胶修饰的创可贴敷料。该发明的水凝胶敷料含水量高,使伤口处于湿润的环境,同时吸水能力强,能随时吸收分泌的体液,使伤口部位没有过量积液;具有良好的生物相容性,不会引起皮肤过敏红肿等问题,能够促进伤口的快速愈合。但是该水凝胶敷料没有抗菌抑菌作用,且凝胶在纱布上使用量会影响透气性,使用量小会影响吸水效果。
中国专利文献(公开号CN108704162A)公开一种吸水敷料及其制备方法,属于医药技术领域,解决现有的水凝胶辅料保持伤口湿性能力差的问题。该吸水敷料,从上到下包括聚烯烃类复合膜、水凝胶层和压纹膜,所述的水凝胶层按照重量份数计,包括以下原料:主材1-10份,甘油15-25份,交联剂0.1-0 .35份,交联调节剂0.05-0 .2份,成型剂0-0.15份,成型调节剂0-0.15份,水61.7-83.35份;所述的主材为丙烯酸、含有羧基的丙烯酸聚合物或丙烯酸盐聚合物。该发明的辅料能够大量吸收伤口的渗液同时保持伤口湿润环境,但是其中不含抗菌抑菌成分。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,抗菌性能和机械性能优异,有助于伤口快速恢复。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一、凝胶层和纤维层二,所述凝胶层由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸45-55份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺40-50份、聚乙烯醇10-20份、甘羟铝1-2份、滑石粉3-8份、聚丙烯纤维1-2份、羧甲基纤维素钠4-8份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮5-12份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.6-1.2份、过硫酸钠0.5-1份和水200-300份。
进一步的,所述纤维层一为2层网格纱布,所述纤维层二为竹炭纤维无纺布。
进一步的,所述凝胶层中的凝胶由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)丙烯酸溶于水中,依次加入聚乙烯醇、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,然后加入甘羟铝、滑石粉、聚丙烯纤维和羧甲基纤维素钠混合均匀;
(2)氮气保护下,加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和过硫酸钠,35-40℃搅拌1-1.5h,得凝胶。
进一步的,所述肝胆外科抗菌敷料由以下步骤制备而成:
在纤维层一上涂布凝胶,厚度2-3mm,然后将纤维层二铺在凝胶上,30-40℃温度下晾干,得产品。
进一步的,所述纤维层一内表面喷涂抗菌液。
进一步的,所述抗菌液由以下原料制备而成:三七20-30份、连翘20-30份、败酱草20-30份、黄岑20-30份、纳米银0.1-0.3份。
进一步的,所述抗菌液由以下步骤制备而成:将三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑混合后加入5-7倍体积分数为70%乙醇溶液,回流提取2-3h,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.4-1.6,加入纳米银搅拌均匀,得抗菌液。
本发明使用的中药的药理作用是:
三七:甘、微苦,温,归肝、胃经。功能主治:散瘀止血,消肿定痛。用于咯血,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,外伤出血,胸腹剌痛,跌扑肿痛。
连翘:苦,微寒,归肺、心、小肠经。功能主治:清热解毒,消肿散结。用于痈疽,瘰疠,乳痈,丹毒,风热感冒,温病初起,温热入营,高热烦渴,神昏发斑,热淋尿闭。
败酱草:性凉,味辛、苦,入肝、胃、大肠经。肠痈,肺痈,痢疾,产后瘀血腹痛,痈肿疔疮。
黄岑:苦,寒,归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明公开一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一、凝胶层和纤维层二,即在制备的过程中,将纤维层一上涂布凝胶,凝胶高出纤维层一的厚度为2-3mm,然后将纤维层二铺在凝胶上,由于纤维层一采用的是网格纱布,材质是棉料,网格纱布中含有大量的网格,凝胶可以渗透在纤维层一中,因此在纤维层一接触到伤口时,在凝胶的作用下不会与伤口粘连,且在纤维层一的作用下,接触皮肤的凝胶会有缝隙产生,具有一定的透气性。
2、本申请中的凝胶层是由丙烯酸、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮交联聚合而成的,这几种成分相容性好,共混交联制备的凝胶的机械性能和吸湿性能优异。且原料中还添加有甘羟铝、滑石粉和纳米银,其中甘羟铝具有收敛止血的作用,纳米银具有很强的抗菌作用,而药用滑石粉对伤口皮肤有防护作用,甘羟铝、滑石粉和纳米银复配,能增强凝胶层的抗菌消炎作用,且滑石粉和甘羟铝吸湿作用强,其分散在凝胶中,起到一定的骨架作用,防止接触伤口的凝胶吸水软化。原料中添加有羧甲基纤维素钠作为分散剂,一方面增加甘羟铝、滑石粉和纳米银在原料中的分散性,另一方面增加产品的弹性。另外本申请中还添加有少量聚丙烯纤维,本申请中采用的聚丙烯纤维单丝长度为10-50μm,分散在凝胶中,一方面增强产品的机械性能,另外分散在凝胶中的纤维网络能增加水分传导。用于增加产品的机械性能。
3、本申请中的纤维层一内表面喷涂有抗菌液,喷涂量为1mg/cm2,其中抗菌液是由三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑提取液与纳米银复合而成,其中三七止血消肿,连翘、败酱草和黄岑清热消炎,因此纤维层一喷涂抗菌液更有助于伤口的恢复。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图中:1-纤维层一,2-凝胶层,3-纤维层二。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,如图1所示,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一1、凝胶层2和纤维层二3,其中凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸45份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺40份、聚乙烯醇20份、甘羟铝1份、滑石粉8份、聚丙烯纤维1份、羧甲基纤维素钠4份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮12份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.6份、过硫酸钠0.5份和水200份。
其中纤维层一1为2层网格纱布,所述纤维层二3为竹炭纤维无纺布。
其中凝胶层中的凝胶由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)丙烯酸溶于水中,依次加入聚乙烯醇、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,然后加入甘羟铝、滑石粉、聚丙烯纤维和羧甲基纤维素钠混合均匀;
(2)氮气保护下,加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和过硫酸钠,35-40℃搅拌1h,得凝胶。
肝胆外科抗菌敷料由以下步骤制备而成:
在纤维层一1上涂布凝胶,厚度2mm,然后将纤维层二3铺在凝胶上,30-40℃温度下晾干,得产品。
另外纤维层一1内表面喷涂抗菌液;其中抗菌液由以下原料制备而成:三七20份、连翘20份、败酱草30份、黄岑30份、纳米银0.1份。
其抗菌液由以下步骤制备而成:将三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑粉碎混合后加入5倍体积分数为70%乙醇溶液,回流提取2h,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.4,加入纳米银搅拌均匀,得抗菌液。
实施例2
一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,如图1所示,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一1、凝胶层2和纤维层二3,其中凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸46份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺42份、聚乙烯醇18份、甘羟铝1.2份、滑石粉7份、聚丙烯纤维1.2份、羧甲基纤维素钠5份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮11份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.7份、过硫酸钠0.6份和水220份。
其中纤维层一1为2层网格纱布,所述纤维层二3为竹炭纤维无纺布。
其中凝胶层中的凝胶由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)丙烯酸溶于水中,依次加入聚乙烯醇、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,然后加入甘羟铝、滑石粉、聚丙烯纤维和羧甲基纤维素钠混合均匀;
(2)氮气保护下,加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和过硫酸钠,35-40℃搅拌1.5h,得凝胶。
肝胆外科抗菌敷料由以下步骤制备而成:
在纤维层一1上涂布凝胶,厚度2.5mm,然后将纤维层二3铺在凝胶上,30-40℃温度下晾干,得产品。
另外纤维层一1下表面喷涂抗菌液;其中抗菌液由以下原料制备而成:三七22份、连翘22份、败酱草22份、黄岑25份、纳米银0.2份。
其抗菌液由以下步骤制备而成:将三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑混合后加入6倍体积分数为70%乙醇溶液,回流提取2.5h,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.5,加入纳米银搅拌均匀,得抗菌液。
实施例3
一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,如图1所示,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一1、凝胶层2和纤维层二3,其中凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸48份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺44份、聚乙烯醇16份、甘羟铝1.4份、滑石粉6份、聚丙烯纤维1.4份、羧甲基纤维素钠6份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮10份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.8份、过硫酸钠0.7份和水250份。
其中纤维层一1为2层网格纱布,所述纤维层二3为竹炭纤维无纺布。
其中凝胶层中的凝胶由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)丙烯酸溶于水中,依次加入聚乙烯醇、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,然后加入甘羟铝、滑石粉、聚丙烯纤维和羧甲基纤维素钠混合均匀;
(2)氮气保护下,加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和过硫酸钠,35-40℃搅拌1.5h,得凝胶。
肝胆外科抗菌敷料由以下步骤制备而成:
在纤维层一1上涂布凝胶,厚度3mm,然后将纤维层二3铺在凝胶上,30-40℃温度下晾干,得产品。
另外纤维层一1内表面喷涂抗菌液;抗菌液由以下原料制备而成:三七30份、连翘30份、败酱草20份、黄岑20份、纳米银0.3份。
其抗菌液由以下步骤制备而成:将三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑混合后加入7倍体积分数为70%乙醇溶液,回流提取3h,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.6,加入纳米银搅拌均匀,得抗菌液。
实施例4
一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,如图1所示,包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一1、凝胶层2和纤维层二3,其中凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸50份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺45份、聚乙烯醇15份、甘羟铝1.5份、滑石粉5份、聚丙烯纤维1.5份、羧甲基纤维素钠7份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮9份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺1.0份、过硫酸钠0.8份和水260份。
其中纤维层一1为2层网格纱布,所述纤维层二3为竹炭纤维无纺布。
其中凝胶层中的凝胶由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)丙烯酸溶于水中,依次加入聚乙烯醇、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,然后加入甘羟铝、滑石粉、聚丙烯纤维和羧甲基纤维素钠混合均匀;
(2)氮气保护下,加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和过硫酸钠,35-40℃搅拌1.5h,得凝胶。
肝胆外科抗菌敷料由以下步骤制备而成:
在纤维层一1上涂布凝胶,厚度2.5mm,然后将纤维层二3铺在凝胶上,30-40℃温度下晾干,得产品。
另外纤维层一1下表面喷涂抗菌液;其中抗菌液由以下原料制备而成:三七25份、连翘25份、败酱草25份、黄岑28份、纳米银0.2份。
其抗菌液由以下步骤制备而成:将三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑混合后加入6倍体积分数为70%乙醇溶液,回流提取2.5h,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.5,加入纳米银搅拌均匀,得抗菌液。
实施例5
实施例5与实施例4不同之处在于:凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸52份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺46份、聚乙烯醇12份、甘羟铝1.6份、滑石粉4份、聚丙烯纤维1.8份、羧甲基纤维素钠8份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮8份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺1.1份、过硫酸钠1.0份和水280份。
实施例6
实施例6与实施例4不同之处在于:凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸55份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺48份、聚乙烯醇10份、甘羟铝1.8份、滑石粉3份、聚丙烯纤维2.0份、羧甲基纤维素钠4份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮6份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺1.2份、过硫酸钠0.5份和水300份。
实施例7
实施例7与实施例4不同之处在于:凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸50份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺50份、聚乙烯醇12份、甘羟铝2.0份、滑石粉6份、聚丙烯纤维1.5份、羧甲基纤维素钠5份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮5份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺1.0份、过硫酸钠0.6份和水250份。
实施例8
实施例8与实施例4不同之处在于:凝胶层2由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸52份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺45份、聚乙烯醇10份、甘羟铝1.8份、滑石粉5份、聚丙烯纤维2.0份、羧甲基纤维素钠6份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮7份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.8份、过硫酸钠0.7份和水280份。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例8不同之处在于:将实施例8中的聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮均替换为丙烯酸。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例8不同之处在于:将实施例8中的聚丙烯纤维去掉。
性能测试
测试本发明实施例1-8以及对比例1-2的产品的抑菌性能以及凝胶层的拉伸性能和吸水性能。其中凝胶层的拉伸性,凝胶层厚度为2mm,再用裁刀将其切割成哑铃状, 拉伸速率设置为20mm/min,拉伸夹具间距离为30mm,宽度为9mm,检测其拉伸率(50-214%);吸水率测试:将凝胶层裁剪成5cm×5cm大小,置于60℃干燥24h,称取干燥后质量为W1。 参照标准YY/ T0471.1-2004配制模拟人体试液,含142mmol钠离子和2.5mmol钙离子,在50ml锥形瓶中加入材料干燥后质量40倍的试液,并将材料浸泡试液中,置于37℃,30min后取出,称取材料吸液后质量计为W2,平行测定三组,计算平均吸水率,吸水率计算公式:吸水率=(W2-W1)/W1×100%;抗菌性能按照 SN/T 2162-2008壳聚糖抗菌棉纺织品检验规程进行。测试结果见表1。
表1 性能测试结果
由表1可知,本发明实施例1-8制备的凝胶层的吸水率可到达330-360%,机械性能优异,其中拉伸率为180-241%,而产品的抑菌率为95-100%,抗菌效果显著。
而对比例1中将实施例8中的聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮均替换为丙烯酸,凝胶层的拉伸率和吸水率都有降低,说明几种单体的共混交联能改善产品的机械性能和吸湿性能;而对比例2去掉原料中的聚丙烯纤维,凝胶层的拉伸率降低,说明产品聚丙烯纤维能增加产品的机械性能。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换,只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (5)
1.一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,其特征在于:包括由内及外依次设置的纤维层一(1)、凝胶层(2)和纤维层二(3),所述凝胶层(2)由以下重量份数的原料制成:丙烯酸45-55份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺40-50份、聚乙烯醇10-20份、甘羟铝1-2份、滑石粉3-8份、聚丙烯纤维1-2份、羧甲基纤维素钠4-8份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮5-12份、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.6-1.2份、过硫酸钠0.5-1份和水200-300份;
所述纤维层一(1)为2层网格纱布,所述纤维层二(3)为竹炭纤维无纺布;
所述凝胶层中的凝胶由以下步骤制备而成:
(1)丙烯酸溶于水中,依次加入聚乙烯醇、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,然后加入甘羟铝、滑石粉、聚丙烯纤维和羧甲基纤维素钠混合均匀;
(2)氮气保护下,加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺和过硫酸钠,35-40℃搅拌1-1.5h,得凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,其特征在于:由以下步骤制备而成:
在纤维层一(1)上涂布凝胶,厚度2-3mm,然后将纤维层二(3)铺在凝胶上,30-40℃温度下晾干,得产品。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,其特征在于:所述纤维层一(1)内表面喷涂抗菌液。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,其特征在于:所述抗菌液由以下原料制备而成:三七20-30份、连翘20-30份、败酱草20-30份、黄岑20-30份、纳米银0.1-0.3份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种肝胆外科抗菌敷料,其特征在于:所述抗菌液由以下步骤制备而成:将三七、连翘、败酱草和黄岑混合后加入5-7倍体积分数为70%乙醇溶液,回流提取2-3h,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.4-1.6,加入纳米银搅拌均匀,得抗菌液。
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