CN109123321A - 一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109123321A CN109123321A CN201810888556.7A CN201810888556A CN109123321A CN 109123321 A CN109123321 A CN 109123321A CN 201810888556 A CN201810888556 A CN 201810888556A CN 109123321 A CN109123321 A CN 109123321A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- apple
- extraction
- apple polyphenol
- polyphenol
- drying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000050051 Chelone glabra Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetin Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2O)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VGEREEWJJVICBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloretin Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O VGEREEWJJVICBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 DPPH free radical Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZWTDXYUDJYDHJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one Natural products OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C=CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O ZWTDXYUDJYDHJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-M (E)-Ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(\C=C\C([O-])=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products CC(CCC(=O)C(C)C1C(=O)CC2C3CC(O)C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(=O)O PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 description 2
- IKMDFBPHZNJCSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myricetin Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2O)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 IKMDFBPHZNJCSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YQHMWTPYORBCMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naringenin chalcone Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C=CC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O YQHMWTPYORBCMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N Neochlorogenin-saeure Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetagetin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhynchosin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000879 anti-atherosclerotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000001368 chlorogenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N chlorogenic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940074393 chlorogenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FFQSDFBBSXGVKF-KHSQJDLVSA-N chlorogenic acid Natural products O[C@@H]1C[C@](O)(C[C@@H](CC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O FFQSDFBBSXGVKF-KHSQJDLVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N cis-3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)cc2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001785 ferulic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N ferulic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\C(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940114124 ferulic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaempferol Natural products OC1=C(C(=O)c2cc(O)cc(O)c2O1)c3ccc(O)cc3 MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCOBUQBNVYZTBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N myricetin Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C=2OC3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C=2)=C1 PCOBUQBNVYZTBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000007743 myricetin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940116852 myricetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960001285 quercetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000005875 quercetin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QAIPRVGONGVQAS-DUXPYHPUSA-N trans-caffeic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 QAIPRVGONGVQAS-DUXPYHPUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ACEAELOMUCBPJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-3,4,5-trihydroxycinnamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ACEAELOMUCBPJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000917122 Greenidea Species 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003266 anti-allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002019 anti-mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004883 caffeic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074360 caffeic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QAIPRVGONGVQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-caffeic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 QAIPRVGONGVQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dpph Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N]N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHEAADYXPMHMCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3472—Compounds of undetermined constitution obtained from animals or plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/73—Rosaceae (Rose family), e.g. strawberry, chokeberry, blackberry, pear or firethorn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
Abstract
本发明涉及一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，它是以苹果渣为原料，经过烘干粉碎、浸渍、纤维素酶和果胶酶水解处理，超声波辅助提取，然后经过滤、低温蒸发浓缩、冷冻干燥、低温粉碎得到粉末状苹果多酚，最后进行包装，本发明阐述了以苹果渣为原料，提取制备苹果多酚的全过程，以该工艺制造的苹果多酚，不仅有效物质提取率高、成本低，而且低温真空蒸发浓缩、冷冻干燥和低温粉碎，最大程度保留了苹果多酚固有的色泽风味和天然活性成分，本发明提取制备的苹果多酚不仅成本下降，解决了苹果渣中提取苹果多酚提取效果较低或成本较高，及高温褐变的问题；本发明具有提取效果好、转换效率高、用途广泛、减少资源浪费的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种苹果多酚，具体地讲是一种以苹果渣为原料的苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺。
背景技术
苹果中含有丰富的植物纤维、糖、矿物质、苹果酸、维生素、蛋白质和多酚类物质。苹果多酚是苹果中所含多元酚类物质的总称，是从苹果中提取的纯天然抗氧化剂，其主要成分为类黄酮类化合物，包括绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、杨梅素、槲皮素及根皮素等。近几年，大量的研究显示苹果多酚的许多生物活性比茶多酚要高100倍以上，其抗氧化能力是VE的50倍、VC的20倍，能快速清除人体内DPPH自由基和OH自由基，具有防衰老、抗肿瘤、抗突变、抗动脉粥样硬化、防治冠心病与中风等在内的多种药理功效具有多种药理功能。
超声提取法，天然植物有效成分大多存在于细胞壁中，细胞壁是植物细胞有效成分提取的主要障碍。超声波提取技术是利用超声波具有的机械效应、空化效应及热效应，加强了胞内物质的释放、扩散和溶解，加速了有效成分的浸出。超声波提取操作简便快捷、提取温度低、提取率高、提取物的结构不易被破坏等特点。
苹果渣作为果汁厂榨汁后产生的下脚料，仍然含有丰富的多酚类化合物，将其作为废渣抛弃，造成了环境的极大污染和资源的严重浪费；因此，提供一种提取效果好、转换效率高、用途广泛、减少资源浪费的苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺是非常有必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足，而提供一种提取效果好、转换效率高、用途广泛、减少资源浪费的苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，它包括以下步骤：
a、原料处理：将苹果榨汁后剩余的苹果渣，经过拣选、烘干，并粉碎成60-80目的粉末，将筛选好的苹果渣按照1:1.4的重量配比与纯净水混合，得到渣浆，然后在渣浆中添加浓度为1000ppm的异VC钠，异VC钠与苹果渣的重量配比为1.5:10000，搅拌均匀浸渍3h；
b、复合酶解：在浸渍好的渣浆中添加浓度为900ppm的纤维素酶和浓度为1200ppm的果胶酶，然后在温度为36-38℃、PH=4、N2气体填充的条件下进行酶解，在10-12r/min的速度条件下酶解480分钟；
c、超声波辅助提取：将酶解后的渣浆与乙醇溶液按照1:6的重量配比混合，将得到的混合物在超声萃取设备中，进行萃取；
d、过滤：萃取液经8-11微米纸板过滤，去除滤渣，通过板换迅速降温到18-20℃，得到澄清的提取液；
e、低温蒸发浓缩：将澄清提取液经低温、真空蒸发浓缩至可溶性固形物含量到可进行冷冻干燥的浓度；
f、冷冻干燥：将蒸发浓缩得到的液体经真空冷冻干燥，得到蜂窝状苹果多酚固体，此过程改变了传统的喷粉干燥的工艺，避免高温褐变；
g、低温粉碎：冻干后的固体苹果多酚，在粉碎室装有冰水冷却系统的粉碎机中，5-10℃下粉碎为100目的粉末；
h、包装：过筛后的苹果多酚粉末，在超洁净工作台上分装到复合铝箔袋中，封口，打印日期，装箱后5-10℃下储存。
步骤a中纯净水的味道为15-20℃，电导率小于10us/cm。
步骤c中乙醇溶液为65%的乙醇溶液。
步骤e中蒸发浓缩条件为25-30℃、真空度为82-92kPa、蒸发浓缩至可溶性固形物含量为20-22%。
步骤c中萃取在60℃条件下提纯一次，时间为20min。
本发明的有益效果：本发明阐述了以苹果渣为原料，提取制备苹果多酚的全过程，以该工艺制造的苹果多酚，不仅有效物质提取率高、成本低，而且低温真空蒸发浓缩、冷冻干燥和低温粉碎，最大程度保留了苹果多酚固有的色泽风味和天然活性成分：绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、杨梅素、槲皮素及根皮素等。大量的研究显示苹果多酚的这些生物活性比茶多酚要高100倍以上，其抗氧化能力是VE的50倍、VC的20倍。能快速清除人体内DPPH自由基和OH自由基。具有防衰老、抗肿瘤、抗突变、抗动脉粥样硬化、防治冠心病与中风等在内的多种药理功效具有多种药理功能。
苹果中含有丰富的营养成分，位列我国四大水果之首。随着我国苹果种植面积的不断扩大，苹果产量逐年增加，苹果加工也越来越受到人们的关注。由于苹果中含有的生物活性物质苹果多酚，具有很强的抗氧化性、清除体内自由基的功效，如抗肿瘤、抗过敏等，因而其广泛应用于医学、食品、制革和日用化工等领域，并发挥着不可替代的作用。同时，随着天然功能性成分研究的兴起，苹果多酚已成为研究热点，国内外学者纷纷从各领域多角度开展研究工作。我国苹果资源丰富，然而其综合利用还较落后，苹果渣作为果汁厂榨汁后产生的下脚料，含有丰富的多酚类化合物将其作为废渣抛弃，造成了环境的极大污染和资源的严重浪费。亟待开发一种将苹果渣转变成苹果多酚，变废为宝的技术。本发明提取制备的苹果多酚不仅成本下降，解决了苹果渣中提取苹果多酚提取效果较低或成本较高，及高温褐变的问题。同时该方法中超声提取和生物酶的应用可以让天然多聚体形态的多酚类物质释放，使之转变成具有活性的单聚体物质，提升其抗氧化功效。作为天然抗氧化功能产品和食品抗氧化添加剂，必会受到市场青睐；本发明具有提取效果好、转换效率高、用途广泛、减少资源浪费的优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，本发明是利用纤维素酶、果胶酶酶解苹果渣纤维素和胶质利于多酚物质释放溶解，超声波提取提高了提取率，降低成本。低温浓缩、冷冻干燥最大限度保持了苹果多酚纯天然的性状，满足现代消费的绿色理念，可直接作为功能食品开发利用，它包括以下步骤：
a、原料处理：将苹果榨汁后剩余的苹果渣，经过拣选、烘干，并粉碎成60-80目的粉末，将筛选好的苹果渣按照1:1.4的重量配比与纯净水混合，得到渣浆，然后在渣浆中添加浓度为1000ppm的异VC钠，异VC钠与苹果渣的重量配比为1.5:10000，搅拌均匀浸渍3h；
b、复合酶解：在浸渍好的渣浆中添加浓度为900ppm的纤维素酶和浓度为1200ppm的果胶酶，然后在温度为36-38℃、PH=4、N2气体填充的条件下进行酶解，在10-12r/min的速度条件下酶解480min；
c、超声波辅助提取：将酶解后的渣浆与乙醇溶液按照1:6的重量配比混合，将得到的混合物在超声萃取设备中，进行萃取；
d、过滤：萃取液经8-11微米纸板过滤，去除滤渣，通过板换迅速降温到18-20℃，得到澄清的提取液；
e、低温蒸发浓缩：将澄清提取液经低温、真空蒸发浓缩至可溶性固形物含量到可进行冷冻干燥的浓度；
f、冷冻干燥：将蒸发浓缩得到的液体经真空冷冻干燥，得到蜂窝状苹果多酚固体；
g、低温粉碎：冻干后的固体苹果多酚，在粉碎室装有冰水冷却系统的粉碎机中，5-10℃下粉碎为100目的粉末；
h、包装：过筛后的苹果多酚粉末，在超洁净工作台上分装到复合铝箔袋中，封口，打印日期，装箱后5-10℃下储存。
步骤a中纯净水的味道为15-20℃，电导率小于10us/cm。
步骤c中乙醇溶液为65%的乙醇溶液。
步骤e中蒸发浓缩条件为25-30℃、真空度为82-92kPa、蒸发浓缩至可溶性固形物含量为20-22%。
步骤c中萃取在60℃条件下提纯一次，时间为20min。
苹果多酚，作为苹果中的纯天然抗氧化活性物质，其主要成分为类黄酮类化合物，它是一种活性成分高的速溶天然抗氧化剂粉末，其特征是由苹果渣经过烘干粉碎、浸渍、纤维素酶和果胶酶水解处理，超声波辅助提取、然后经过滤、蒸发浓缩、冷冻干燥、低温粉碎得到粉末状苹果多酚。
Claims (5)
1.一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤：
a、原料处理：将苹果榨汁后剩余的苹果渣，经过拣选、烘干，并粉碎成60-80目的粉末，将筛选好的苹果渣按照1:1.4的重量配比与纯净水混合，得到渣浆，然后在渣浆中添加浓度为1000ppm的异VC钠，异VC钠与苹果渣的重量配比为1.5:10000，搅拌均匀浸渍3h；
b、复合酶解：在浸渍好的渣浆中添加浓度为900ppm的纤维素酶和浓度为1200ppm的果胶酶，然后在温度为36-38℃、PH=4、N2气体填充的条件下进行酶解，在10-12r/min的速度条件下酶解480分钟；
c、超声波辅助提取：将酶解后的渣浆与乙醇溶液按照1:6的重量配比混合，将得到的混合物在超声萃取设备中，进行萃取；
d、过滤：萃取液经8-11微米纸板过滤，去除滤渣，通过板换迅速降温到18-20℃，得到澄清的提取液；
e、低温蒸发浓缩：将澄清提取液经低温、真空蒸发浓缩至可溶性固形物含量到可进行冷冻干燥的浓度；
f、冷冻干燥：将蒸发浓缩得到的液体经真空冷冻干燥，得到蜂窝状苹果多酚固体；
g、低温粉碎：冻干后的固体苹果多酚，在粉碎室装有冰水冷却系统的粉碎机中，5-10℃下粉碎为100目的粉末；
h、包装：过筛后的苹果多酚粉末，在超洁净工作台上分装到复合铝箔袋中，封口，打印日期，装箱后5-10℃下储存。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤a中纯净水的味道为15-20℃，电导率小于10us/cm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤c中乙醇溶液为65%的乙醇溶液。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤e中蒸发浓缩条件为25-30℃、真空度为82-92kPa、蒸发浓缩至可溶性固形物含量为20-22%。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤c中萃取在60℃条件下提纯一次，时间为20min。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810888556.7A CN109123321A (zh) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | 一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810888556.7A CN109123321A (zh) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | 一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109123321A true CN109123321A (zh) | 2019-01-04 |
Family
ID=64792094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810888556.7A Pending CN109123321A (zh) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | 一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109123321A (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110521889A (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | 一种具有减肥降脂功效的复合果汁及其制备方法 |
| CN111034882A (zh) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-04-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | 一种降低机体疲劳的复配苹果汁及其制备方法 |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040014805A1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2004-01-22 | Toshihiko Shoji | Wild apple polyphenol and process for producing the same |
| CN1810799A (zh) * | 2006-01-25 | 2006-08-02 | 河南农业大学 | 用微波从苹果渣中提取苹果多酚的方法 |
| CN102885909A (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-23 | 宋烨 | 一种无废弃提取苹果多酚的方法 |
| CN103655928A (zh) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 北京联合大学生物化学工程学院 | 一种复合酶法自茶叶渣中提取茶多酚的方法 |
| CN105193863A (zh) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-30 | 集美大学 | 一种高纯度海藻多酚的制备方法 |
| CN105267331A (zh) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-27 | 同福碗粥股份有限公司 | 一种苹果多酚的提取方法 |
| CN107349240A (zh) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-17 | 百色学院 | 一种芒果皮多酚的提取方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-08-07 CN CN201810888556.7A patent/CN109123321A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040014805A1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2004-01-22 | Toshihiko Shoji | Wild apple polyphenol and process for producing the same |
| CN1810799A (zh) * | 2006-01-25 | 2006-08-02 | 河南农业大学 | 用微波从苹果渣中提取苹果多酚的方法 |
| CN102885909A (zh) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-23 | 宋烨 | 一种无废弃提取苹果多酚的方法 |
| CN103655928A (zh) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 北京联合大学生物化学工程学院 | 一种复合酶法自茶叶渣中提取茶多酚的方法 |
| CN105193863A (zh) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-30 | 集美大学 | 一种高纯度海藻多酚的制备方法 |
| CN105267331A (zh) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-27 | 同福碗粥股份有限公司 | 一种苹果多酚的提取方法 |
| CN107349240A (zh) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-17 | 百色学院 | 一种芒果皮多酚的提取方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张迪等: "响应面试验优化复合酶法提取青蛇果多酚工艺及其抗氧化活性", 《食品科学》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110521889A (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | 一种具有减肥降脂功效的复合果汁及其制备方法 |
| CN110521889B (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-05-17 | 西北农林科技大学 | 一种具有辅助减肥降脂功效的复合果汁及其制备方法 |
| CN111034882A (zh) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-04-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | 一种降低机体疲劳的复配苹果汁及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102805350B (zh) | 一种利用柑橘废弃物制备膳食纤维的方法 | |
| CN102805408B (zh) | 一种脐橙-猕猴桃复合果粉的制备工艺 | |
| CN108477455B (zh) | 柑橘全果超微粉的制备方法及柑橘全果超微粉 | |
| CN105524482A (zh) | 红龙果果肉、果皮红色色素及其提取方法 | |
| KR101051519B1 (ko) | 인삼 열매 추출물 제조 방법 | |
| CN104921217A (zh) | 一种黑果枸杞、山楂、柠檬复合饮料的制备方法 | |
| CN101671371B (zh) | 一种洋葱皮中黄酮类化合物的提取方法 | |
| CN101838292A (zh) | 从植物里提取分离多酚的方法 | |
| CN104839835B (zh) | 一种紫色马铃薯、山楂、柠檬复合饮料的制备方法 | |
| CN109123321A (zh) | 一种苹果多酚的提取和制备工艺 | |
| CN107573438A (zh) | 一种从百香果果皮中提取多糖的方法 | |
| CN105724999A (zh) | 一种提高蓝莓出汁率和蓝莓汁花色苷含量的方法 | |
| CN105558191A (zh) | 一种罗汉果青钱柳提取物复合茶及其制备方法 | |
| CN106721849A (zh) | 一种黑果枸杞花青素冲饮颗粒剂的制备方法 | |
| CN106234872A (zh) | 一种富含苹果干细胞冻干粉的蓝莓复合果汁及其制备方法 | |
| CN103980730A (zh) | 一种高纯度火龙果色素的制备方法 | |
| CN105943568A (zh) | 一种橡子多酚提取及纯化的方法 | |
| CN105410279A (zh) | 一种罗汉果板蓝根提取物复合茶及其制备方法 | |
| CN111109511A (zh) | 一种食品级核桃仁的快速去皮方法 | |
| CN105558194A (zh) | 一种罗汉果石斛提取物复合茶及其制备方法 | |
| CN105566512A (zh) | 一种柿果果胶的提取方法 | |
| CN102267855A (zh) | 一种番茄红素的提取方法 | |
| CN103750302A (zh) | 一种枸杞醇提浸膏及其制备方法及应用 | |
| CN106699915A (zh) | 一种采用微切助互作方式提高葡萄籽提取物多糖溶出度的方法 | |
| CN101380337B (zh) | 一种低温造动提取植物有效成分的方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190104 |