CN109122687B - 乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂及其应用 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于农用杀菌剂领域,具体涉及乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂及其应用,所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸锌配合物或乙醇酸铜配合物,杀菌剂有效成分的质量分数为0.5%~90%,更优选为20%~50%;杀菌剂根据其有效成分理化性质的不同配置成粉剂、悬浮剂或颗粒剂;本发明杀菌剂应用于植物性病害,包括由假单孢杆菌侵染引起的条斑病、角斑病、褐斑病、青枯病等,以及由黄单胞杆菌引起的叶枯病、溃疡病等细菌性病害。本发明杀菌剂易粘附、易吸收,杀菌效果显著,利用率更高,且生物相容性好,对环境十分友好;该杀菌剂对细菌性、真菌性病害均有见效,应用范围广,且施用方便,应用前景十分广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农用杀菌剂领域,具体涉及乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂及其应用。
背景技术
乙醇酸,也称甘醇酸、羟基乙酸,是最简单的a-羟基酸,原料呈微白色吸湿性结晶,无味,有一定的金属络合能力,渗透性佳,具有很好的清洁和杀菌作用,来源较广,目前主要用作清洗剂,在皮革、油气、洗涤、防治等工业领域及医疗领域应用极为广泛。
锌离子,具有既杀真菌又杀细菌的作用。药剂中的锌离子与病原菌细胞膜表面上的阳离子(H+,K+等)交换,导致病菌细胞膜上的蛋白质凝固杀死病菌;部分锌离子渗透进入病原菌细胞内,与某些酶结合,影响其活性,导致机能失调,病菌因而衰竭死亡。
铜离子抗菌杀菌作用显著,作用机理与锌离子相似。铜素制剂至今仍在全球杀菌剂中居重要位置,尤其,羟基羧酸类有机铜杀菌剂如琥胶肥酸铜、柠檬酸铜、草酸铜等在农业中应用十分广泛。乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂在农业上的使用未见相关报道。
发明内容
本发明提供了对环境友好、对作物无害的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂及其应用。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸锌配合物或乙醇酸铜配合物,所述有效成分的质量分数为0.5%~90%,更优选为20%~50%,所述有效成分如:
(I)分子式:C4H6ZnO6,CAS号:18919-61-4,结构式为:
(II)分子式:C4H6CuO6,CAS号:18911-01-8,结构式为:
(III)分子式:C4H10ZnO8,CAS号:24601-14-7,结构式为:
(IV)分子式:C4H12CuN2O6,CAS号:78145-34-3,结构式为:
(V)分子式:C2H5ClCuO4,CAS号:78145-32-1,结构式为:
作为优选,所述杀菌剂根据其有效成分理化性质的不同配置成粉剂、悬浮剂或颗粒剂。
作为优选,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸铜配合物、剂型为悬浮剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸铜配合物、0.1%-18%乙二醇二丁醚、0.1%-14%十二烷基苯磺酸钠、0.1%-2%硅酸镁铝、0.1%-1%黄原胶、0.1%-2%卡松、0.1%-18%乙二醇、0.1%-1%有机硅消泡剂。
作为优选,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸锌配合物、剂型为悬浮剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸锌配合物、0.1%-18%聚氧乙烯芳基醚、0.1%-14%正丁基萘磺酸盐、0.1%-1%硅酸镁铝、0.1%-1%黄原胶、0.1%-18%乙二醇、0.1%-1%有机硅消泡剂。
一种剂型为悬浮剂的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将配方量的原料混合,加水至总重量的90%;
S2、高速分散后用磨砂机研磨,磨砂机转速为2500r/min,研磨至被分散的原药粒径为2~10μm;
S3、将磨砂好的原药加至敞口杯中进行高剪切,边搅拌边加入增稠剂和剩余分量的水,剪切至粘度为300~1000mpa.s为止;
S4、出料,并对最终产品的悬浮率、热储稳定性、低温稳定性、 pH值、持久起泡性、倾倒后残余物以及洗涤后残余物进行测试。
作为优选,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸铜配合物、剂型为水溶性颗粒剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成: 0.5%-90%乙醇酸铜配合物、0.1%-5%白糖、0.1%-22%磷酸二氢钾和 0.3%-45%十二烷基苯磺酸钠,余量为可溶性淀粉,原料的总和为 100%;所述杀菌剂的制备方法如下:
S1、将配方量的原料混合;
S2、搅拌至充分混合后,粉碎至颗粒度小于44μm;
S3、加入去离子水,去离子水与原料总量的质量比为1:5,用无重力造粒,最后烘干即得杀菌剂。
作为优选,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸铜配合物、剂型为可湿性粉剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成: 0.5%-90%乙醇酸铜配合物、0.1%-9%十二烷基苯磺酸钠、余量为白炭黑,原料总量为100%;
所述杀菌剂的制备方法为:将配方量的原料称量混合后磨细、干燥、冷却,即得杀菌剂。
作为优选,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸锌配合物、剂型为可溶性粉剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备成: 0.5%-90%乙醇酸锌配合物、0.1%-4%烷基酚磺酸钙盐、0.1-9%聚氧乙烯三甘油酯以及0.1%-5%硫酸铵,余量为白炭黑,原料总量为100%;
所述杀菌剂的制备方法为:将配方量的原料混合,采用气流粉碎法将原料粉碎至10μm以下即得杀菌剂。
乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂在植物细菌性病害方面的应用。杀菌剂适用于多种植物,包括水稻、蔬菜、水果、中草药、花卉等,杀菌剂在植物性病害方面的应用,包括由假单孢杆菌侵染引起的条斑病、角斑病、褐斑病、青枯病等,以及由黄单胞杆菌引起的叶枯病、溃疡病等细菌性病害,所述杀菌剂更优选的应用于水稻细菌性条斑病、角斑病;杀菌剂可以按普通方法施用,如浇注、喷施、喷雾等。
作为优选,所述杀菌剂单独使用,或与其他药物联合使用。杀菌剂可以单独使用达到杀菌效果,也可以与其他具有杀菌、杀虫或除草性能的药物联合使用,如杀线虫剂、防护剂、生长调节剂、植物营养剂、植物抑制剂等。
本发明的有益效果为:(1)本发明杀菌剂易粘附、易吸收,杀菌效果显著,利用率更高,且生物相容性好,对环境十分友好;
(2)本发明杀菌剂应用于防治水稻、蔬菜、水果等多种作物以及中草药、花卉等因假单胞杆菌、黄单胞杆菌等侵染引起的植物细菌性病害,对真菌性病害亦有见效,该杀菌剂适用范围广,且施用方便,应用前景十分广阔。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步解释说明:
实施例中所有制剂配比中的百分比均为重量百分比;生物活性部分的剂量均为乙醇酸铜配合物或乙醇酸锌配合物的剂量;药剂均由实验室自制,经核磁、红外、紫外、质谱、X-衍射等检验并确定其结构与文献一致。
实施例1:5种配合物的抑菌活性实验
供试药剂:5种乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂;
供试病原菌:水稻细菌性条斑病菌。
试验方法:采用管碟法。将供试药剂用灭菌水配成浓度为50ppm 溶液,另外设灭菌水为空白对照组,平行试验3次;用消毒镊子夹取牛津杯均匀放置在含菌平板培养基表面(含菌浓度为106~108cfu/ml),杯内注入供试药剂0.1ml,置于适宜温度培养1天;取出培养基,用十字交叉法测量抑菌圈直径,并以抑菌圈的有无及抑菌圈的大小评价其杀菌活性。实验结果如下表:
注:抑菌圈直径=抑菌圈外径-牛津杯外径;抑菌效果(+++:强抑菌;++:抑菌;+:弱抑菌;-:不抑菌)
结果表明,本发明所述5种配合物对水稻细菌性条斑病菌抑菌效果显著,抑菌作用顺序:配合物(V)>配合物(IV)>配合物(II)> 配合物(I)>配合物(III)。
实施例2:20%乙醇酸铜配合物(II)悬浮剂(SC)(A)
将乙醇酸铜配合物20%,乙二醇二丁醚4%,十二烷基苯磺酸钠 3%,硅酸镁铝0.5%,黄原胶0.3%,卡松0.5%,乙二醇4%,有机硅消泡剂0.2%混合,加水至总重量90%;高速分散后经砂磨机砂磨2h,转速2500r/min,直至被分散的原药粒径达到设计要求的2~10μm;把砂磨好的物料加至敞口杯中,进行高剪切,在搅拌下加入增稠剂和剩余分量的水,剪切至粘度达到设计要求的300~1000mpa.s;出料即可。对终产品的悬浮率、热储稳定性、低温稳定性等进行测试,确定其质量指标完全符合下表所示的要求。
表一:乙醇酸铜悬浮剂质量指标
项目 | 指标 |
外观 | (淡)蓝色粘稠液体 |
pH值范围 | 6.0~9.0 |
粒径(μm) | 2.0~10 |
粘度(mpa.s) | 300~1000 |
持久起泡性(1min,mL)≦ | 25 |
倾倒后残余物%≦ | 2 |
洗涤后残余物%≦ | 0.5 |
热储稳定性 | 合格 |
低温稳定性 | 合格 |
悬浮率% | 90 |
实施例3:20%乙醇酸铜配合物(II)的水溶性颗粒剂(SG)(B)
将乙醇酸铜200g,白糖10g,磷酸二氢钾50g,十二烷基苯磺酸钠100g混合,可溶性淀粉补足至1000g;搅拌至充分混合后粉碎至颗粒度小于44μm,加入200g水,用无重力造粒,烘干即得20%乙醇酸铜配合物水溶性颗粒剂。
实施例4:30%乙醇酸铜配合物(II)可湿性粉剂(WP)(C)
将乙醇酸铜配合物30g、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3g、白炭黑补足100g,将混合物磨细、干燥、冷却,即得30%乙醇酸铜配合物可湿性粉剂。
实施例5:抑菌效果室内试验
实验对象:水稻细菌性条斑病菌
试验方法:采用菌丝生长速率法进行测定。供试药剂为实施例1 中乙醇酸铜原药(II)及实施例2-4制剂(A、B、C),分别配成一定浓度的母液,用无菌水稀释成6个浓度梯度如下25mg/L、12.5mg/L、 6.25mg/L、3.125mg/L、1.56mg/L及0.78mg/L。每个浓度设4个重复,另外设清水为空白对照组。
结果调查与统计分析:用十字交叉法测定菌丝生长直径,十字交叉各测一次,取平均值。根据结果计算菌落生长抑制率,计算公式为:菌落生长抑制率%=(空白对照菌落增长直径-药剂处理菌落增长直径)/空白对照菌落增长直径×100%
在药剂抑菌率的基础上进行数据处理,纵坐标为将抑制率转换成的几率值,横坐标为实验药剂浓度的对数,用“DPS数据处理系统” 3.11专业版进行数据分析统计,求得各药剂的半数有效浓度(EC50 值)。具体结果如下:
表二:供药试剂对水稻细菌性条斑病菌杀菌效果
由上表可知,乙醇酸铜配合物的抑菌效果显著,EC50值分别为:羟基乙酸铜原药1.1114mg/L、20%乙醇酸铜配合物悬浮剂(A) 0.9303mg/L、20%乙醇酸铜配合物水溶性颗粒剂(B)1.0468mg/L、 30%乙醇酸铜可湿性粉剂(C)0.9617mg/L;其中20%乙醇酸铜配合物悬浮剂防效最好。
实施例6:20%乙醇酸锌配合物悬浮剂(SC)
悬浮剂配方为:20%乙醇酸锌配合物、4%聚氧乙烯芳基醚、3%正丁基萘磺酸盐、0.3%硅酸镁铝、0.2%黄原胶、4%乙二醇、0.2%有机硅消泡剂,余量用水补足。制备过程及质量标准同上述实施例2。
实施例7:50%乙醇酸锌配合物可溶性粉剂(SP)
可溶性粉剂配方为:50%乙醇酸锌配合物、2%烷基酚磺酸钙盐、 5%聚氧乙烯三甘油酯、3%硫酸铵,余量用白炭黑补足。采用气流粉碎将配方中物料粉碎至10μm以下即可。
以上所述仅为本发明的道较佳方案,基于本发明中实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护范围。
Claims (9)
2.根据权利要求1所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,所述杀菌剂的剂型为粉剂、悬浮剂或颗粒剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸铜配合物、剂型为悬浮剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸铜配合物、0.1%-18%乙二醇二丁醚、0.1%-14%十二烷基苯磺酸钠、0.1%-2%硅酸镁铝、0.1%-1%黄原胶、0.1%-2%卡松、0.1%-18%乙二醇、0.1%-1%有机硅消泡剂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸锌配合物、剂型为悬浮剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸锌配合物、0.1%-18%聚氧乙烯芳基醚、0.1%-14%正丁基萘磺酸盐、0.1%-1%硅酸镁铝、0.1%-1%黄原胶、0.1%-18%乙二醇、0.1%-1%有机硅消泡剂。
5.根据权利要求2所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸铜配合物、剂型为水溶性颗粒剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸铜配合物、0.1%-5%白糖、0.1%-22%磷酸二氢钾和0.3%-45%十二烷基苯磺酸钠,余量为可溶性淀粉,原料的总和为100%。
6.根据权利要求2所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸铜配合物、剂型为可湿性粉剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备而成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸铜配合物、0.1%-9%十二烷基苯磺酸钠、余量为白炭黑,原料总量为100%。
7.根据权利要求2所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,当所述杀菌剂的有效成分为乙醇酸锌配合物、剂型为可溶性粉剂时,所述杀菌剂由以下质量百分比的原料制备成:0.5%-90%乙醇酸锌配合物、0.1%-4%烷基酚磺酸钙盐、0.1-9%聚氧乙烯三甘油酯以及0.1%-5%硫酸铵,余量为白炭黑,原料总量为100%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂,其特征在于,所述杀菌剂有效成分的质量分数为20%~50%。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一所述的乙醇酸盐配合物杀菌剂在植物细菌性病害方面的应用。
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