CN109111221B - 一种骨瓷坯料 - Google Patents

一种骨瓷坯料 Download PDF

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CN109111221B
CN109111221B CN201811209314.7A CN201811209314A CN109111221B CN 109111221 B CN109111221 B CN 109111221B CN 201811209314 A CN201811209314 A CN 201811209314A CN 109111221 B CN109111221 B CN 109111221B
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姚永祥
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Guangdong Zhongjin porcelain Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种骨瓷坯料,涉及瓷器技术领域,由以下成分制成:海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉、海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土、仲钨酸钠、木质素磺酸钙粉、钠长石、石英粉、滑石粉;本发明通过对大量实验研究,对牛骨粉与凹凸棒土进行分别改性处理,同时将坯料的烧结温度调节至1225℃,能够为骨瓷整体的品质的提升奠定了良好基础。

Description

一种骨瓷坯料
技术领域
本发明属于瓷器技术领域,具体涉及一种骨瓷坯料。
背景技术
骨瓷是于1794年由英国人发明的。因在其黏土中加入牛、羊等食草动物骨灰(以牛骨粉为佳)而得名。骨瓷色泽呈天然骨粉独有的自然奶白色。
一般说来,原料中含有25%骨粉的瓷器则可称为骨瓷,国际公认骨粉含量要高于40%以上,质地最好的骨瓷一般含有45%的优质牛骨粉。其中骨粉成分为40%以上,器具颜色则更呈乳白色,属高档骨瓷。因其“薄如纸、透如镜、声如磬、白如玉”,瓷质细腻通透,器型美观典雅,彩面润泽光亮,花面多姿多彩的特点,成就了它洁白的质地和华贵的造型,兼有使用和艺术的双重价值,历史上是宫廷专用品和贵族收藏之珍品。骨质瓷是以动物的骨炭、粘土为基本原料,经过高温素烧和低温釉烧两次烧制而成的一种瓷器。骨瓷是以光亮、细腻、通透为美,然而现有的骨瓷质量一般,热稳定性差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种骨瓷坯料。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种骨瓷坯料,按重量份计由以下成分制成:海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉41-43、海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土15-18、仲钨酸钠1.2-1.4、木质素磺酸钙粉2-4、钠长石20-21、石英粉8-10、滑石粉2-3。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至6.5,然后将n-羟基琥珀酰亚胺按1:80质量比添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,在55℃下搅拌均匀后,再向海藻酸钠水溶液中添加其质量45-46%的牛骨粉和2-3%的猪骨粉,和以1500r/min转速搅拌40min,再添加海藻酸钠水溶液质量2.5%的巯基丁二酸,调节温度至80℃,超声波处理15-20min,然后以150r/min转速搅拌2小时,再进行旋转蒸发干燥后,继续加热至185℃,保温40min,然后自然冷却至室温,采用去离子水浸泡20min,然后进行过滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述的牛骨粉粒度为1200目。
进一步的,所述牛骨粉为牛腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉粒度为1500目。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉为猪腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述超声波功率为800W,频率为50kHz。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至8.8,按150g:300mL的比例将凹凸棒土添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,加热至70℃,以1500r/min转速搅拌2小时,然后进行抽滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述骨瓷坯料成型时的烧制温度为1225℃。
有益效果:本发明制备的骨瓷外观光亮、细腻、通透,品质好;现有骨瓷的制作中,此方式的弊端是骨瓷传统制备材料耐热稳定性差,最终制得的骨瓷等整体品质差,本发明通过对大量实验研究,对牛骨粉与凹凸棒土进行分别改性处理,同时将坯料的烧结温度调节至1225℃,能够为骨瓷整体的品质的提升奠定了良好基础;本发明通过海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉与海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土进行协同作用,改变了坯料的组织结构,不仅显著的提高了坯料的耐高温性,降低了吸水率,同时,能够有效的提高了制成的骨瓷的耐热稳定性,并且能够增强了烧制时釉层与坯料间的结合强度,能够形成更为致密的釉面层,通过仲钨酸钠与木质素磺酸钙粉协同作用,能够促使无机粉体间均匀分开,增强无机粉体间的流动性和均匀性,同时在烧制过程中,海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉与海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土会产生融化和一定量的分解,填充了可能产生的孔洞和裂纹,增加了产品致密性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种骨瓷坯料,按重量份计由以下成分制成:海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉41、海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土15、仲钨酸钠1.2、木质素磺酸钙粉2、钠长石20、石英粉8、滑石粉2。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至6.5,然后将n-羟基琥珀酰亚胺按1:80质量比添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,在55℃下搅拌均匀后,再向海藻酸钠水溶液中添加其质量45%的牛骨粉和2%的猪骨粉,和以1500r/min转速搅拌40min,再添加海藻酸钠水溶液质量2.5%的巯基丁二酸,调节温度至80℃,超声波处理15min,然后以150r/min转速搅拌2小时,再进行旋转蒸发干燥后,继续加热至185℃,保温40min,然后自然冷却至室温,采用去离子水浸泡20min,然后进行过滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述的牛骨粉粒度为1200目。
进一步的,所述牛骨粉为牛腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉粒度为1500目。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉为猪腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述超声波功率为800W,频率为50kHz。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至8.8,按150g:300mL的比例将凹凸棒土添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,加热至70℃,以1500r/min转速搅拌2小时,然后进行抽滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述骨瓷坯料成型时的烧制温度为1225℃。
实施例2
一种骨瓷坯料,按重量份计由以下成分制成:海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉43、海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土18、仲钨酸钠1.4、木质素磺酸钙粉4、钠长石21、石英粉10、滑石粉3。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至6.5,然后将n-羟基琥珀酰亚胺按1:80质量比添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,在55℃下搅拌均匀后,再向海藻酸钠水溶液中添加其质量46%的牛骨粉和3%的猪骨粉,和以1500r/min转速搅拌40min,再添加海藻酸钠水溶液质量2.5%的巯基丁二酸,调节温度至80℃,超声波处理20min,然后以150r/min转速搅拌2小时,再进行旋转蒸发干燥后,继续加热至185℃,保温40min,然后自然冷却至室温,采用去离子水浸泡20min,然后进行过滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述的牛骨粉粒度为1200目。
进一步的,所述牛骨粉为牛腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉粒度为1500目。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉为猪腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述超声波功率为800W,频率为50kHz。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至8.8,按150g:300mL的比例将凹凸棒土添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,加热至70℃,以1500r/min转速搅拌2小时,然后进行抽滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述骨瓷坯料成型时的烧制温度为1225℃。
实施例3
一种骨瓷坯料,按重量份计由以下成分制成:海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉42、海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土16、仲钨酸钠1.3、木质素磺酸钙粉3、钠长石20.5、石英粉9、滑石粉2.5。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至6.5,然后将n-羟基琥珀酰亚胺按1:80质量比添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,在55℃下搅拌均匀后,再向海藻酸钠水溶液中添加其质量45.5%的牛骨粉和2.5%的猪骨粉,和以1500r/min转速搅拌40min,再添加海藻酸钠水溶液质量2.5%的巯基丁二酸,调节温度至80℃,超声波处理18min,然后以150r/min转速搅拌2小时,再进行旋转蒸发干燥后,继续加热至185℃,保温40min,然后自然冷却至室温,采用去离子水浸泡20min,然后进行过滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述的牛骨粉粒度为1200目。
进一步的,所述牛骨粉为牛腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉粒度为1500目。
进一步的,所述猪骨粉为猪腿骨制成。
进一步的,所述超声波功率为800W,频率为50kHz。
进一步的,所述海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至8.8,按150g:300mL的比例将凹凸棒土添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,加热至70℃,以1500r/min转速搅拌2小时,然后进行抽滤,烘干至恒重,即得。
进一步的,所述骨瓷坯料成型时的烧制温度为1225℃。
对比例1:与实施例1区别仅在于将海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉替换为未处理的牛骨粉。
对比例2:与实施例1区别仅在于将海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土替换为未处理的凹凸棒土。
对比例3:与实施例1区别仅在于将海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉与海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土替换为未处理的牛骨粉与未处理的凹凸棒土。
对相同工艺烧制得到的实施例与对比例相同规格的骨瓷进行试验;
180℃与20℃水中热交换20次试验:
表1
是否开裂
实施例 否,表面完整
对比例1 否,表面完整
对比例2 是,表面出现微裂纹
对比例3 是,表面出现较多裂纹
由表1可以看出,本发明制备的骨瓷耐温变性能优异;
吸水率试验:
表2
吸水率/%
实施例均值 0.0011
对比例1 0.0021
对比例2 0.0018
对比例3 0.0029
由表2可以看出,本发明制备的骨瓷具有较低的吸水率。

Claims (1)

1.一种骨瓷坯料,其特征在于,按重量份计由以下成分制成:海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉41-43、海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土15-18、仲钨酸钠1.2-1.4、木质素磺酸钙粉2-4、钠长石20-21、石英粉8-10、滑石粉2-3;所述海藻酸钠改性牛骨粉制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至6.5,然后将n-羟基琥珀酰亚胺按1:80质量比添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,在55℃下搅拌均匀后,再向海藻酸钠水溶液中添加其质量45-46%的牛骨粉和2-3%的猪骨粉,和以1500r/min转速搅拌40min,再添加海藻酸钠水溶液质量2.5%的巯基丁二酸,调节温度至80℃,超声波处理15-20min,然后以150r/min转速搅拌2小时,再进行旋转蒸发干燥后,继续加热至185℃,保温40min,然后自然冷却至室温,采用去离子水浸泡20min,然后进行过滤,烘干至恒重,即得;所述的牛骨粉粒度为1200目;所述牛骨粉为牛腿骨制成;所述猪骨粉粒度为1500目;所述猪骨粉为猪腿骨制成;所述超声波功率为800W,频率为50kHz;所述海藻酸钠改性凹凸棒土制备方法为:
将海藻酸钠配成质量分数为10%的海藻酸钠水溶液,然后再将海藻酸钠水溶液pH调节至8.8,按150g:300mL的比例将凹凸棒土添加到海藻酸钠水溶液中,加热至70℃,以1500r/min转速搅拌2小时,然后进行抽滤,烘干至恒重,即得;所述骨瓷坯料成型时的烧制温度为1225℃。
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