CN109096262A - 乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺、组合物及其制品 - Google Patents
乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺、组合物及其制品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109096262A CN109096262A CN201710606228.9A CN201710606228A CN109096262A CN 109096262 A CN109096262 A CN 109096262A CN 201710606228 A CN201710606228 A CN 201710606228A CN 109096262 A CN109096262 A CN 109096262A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- maleimide
- vinyl
- resin
- modifies
- resin combination
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 50
- -1 Vinyl modified maleimides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPKAHJYPAALBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-[1-(2-ethenylphenyl)ethyl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C=C)C=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C=C FAPKAHJYPAALBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- IPJGAEWUPXWFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)=C1 IPJGAEWUPXWFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
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- DWSWCPPGLRSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinin-6-ium 6-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[P+](=O)OC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 DWSWCPPGLRSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 8
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical class N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/12—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
- C08G73/126—Unsaturated polyimide precursors the unsaturated precursors being wholly aromatic
- C08G73/127—Unsaturated polyimide precursors the unsaturated precursors being wholly aromatic containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1067—Wholly aromatic polyimides, i.e. having both tetracarboxylic and diamino moieties aromatically bound
- C08G73/1071—Wholly aromatic polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/12—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/12—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
- C08G73/124—Unsaturated polyimide precursors the unsaturated precursors containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
- C08J5/244—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using glass fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/249—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs characterised by the additives used in the prepolymer mixture
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Abstract
本发明揭示一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,使用其的树脂组合物,及其制品。前述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺具有较佳的溶剂选择性及兼容性,前述制品可满足多层板间不会产生微裂及吸湿后维持高频低介电等特性。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,特别涉及一种性质经提升的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,以及包含该乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺的树脂组合物及其制品。
【背景技术】
铜箔基板及半固化片是制造印刷电路板的基础原料,印刷电路板的质量好坏取决于用于制造铜箔基板及半固化片的树脂胶水。习知用于制造铜箔基板及半固化片的树脂胶水的树脂可选自环氧树脂、氰酸酯、马来酰亚胺、聚苯醚树脂、酚类固化剂、胺类固化剂、聚酯、酸酐固化剂等至少一种或其组合,再额外加入无机填充物、固化促进剂、溶剂等添加剂。
马来酰亚胺是一种用来提升玻璃转化温度及耐热性的交联剂,然而,马来酰亚胺与其他的树脂或固化剂会有溶剂选择性及不兼容的问题,溶剂选择性是指马来酰亚胺难溶于二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)与N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)以外的其它极性溶剂,也无法溶解在非极性溶剂中。溶剂不兼容的问题是指在半固化片的制造过程中,已溶解在溶剂中的马来酰亚胺加入胶水中摆置一段时间后会再在胶水中析出沉淀,造成后续制造的铜箔基板或印刷电路板的外观、介电性、耐热性等基板特性变差。
习知的方法为将马来酰亚胺与氰酸酯形成马来酰亚胺三嗪(BT)树脂,然而使用氰酸酯会有吸湿性高及其它缺点。
习知的方法为将马来酰亚胺与二烯丙基双酚A形成预聚物,然而马来酰亚胺与二烯丙基双酚A的预聚物制成的基板或电路板的耐热性不佳。
习知的方法为将马来酰亚胺与二胺固化剂形成预聚物,然而马来酰亚胺与二胺固化剂的预聚物制成的基板或电路板的介电性不佳。
习知的方法为将马来酰亚胺与胺基酚固化剂形成预聚物,然而马来酰亚胺与胺基酚的预聚物制成的基板或电路板的介电性不佳。
习知的马来酰亚胺三嗪(BT)树脂、马来酰亚胺与二烯丙基双酚的预聚物、马来酰亚胺与二胺固化剂的预聚物、马来酰亚胺与胺基酚的预聚物各别或混合后制成的多层数基板或多层数电路板会有层间微裂的情况发生,降低印刷电路板的制程良率。
【发明内容】
本发明主要目的在于提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其可具有较佳的溶剂选择性,可溶解在一般常用的极性溶剂,例如酮类溶剂。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其溶解在溶剂中后,静置摆放一段时间后不会产生析出沉淀。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其制作的铜箔基板及印刷电路板具有较佳的制程良率,可有效避免多层板间产生微裂。
本发明再一目的在于提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其制作的铜箔基板及印刷电路板具有较佳的高频介电特性。
本发明再一目的在于提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其制作的铜箔基板及印刷电路板在吸湿后仍可维持较佳的高频介电特性。
为了达成前述目的,本发明提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其具有如下式(1)至式(2)其中一者所示结构:
其中,R为共价键、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-或羰基,Q为C5至C50脂肪族基团,m为1至10的整数;
其中,W为C5至C50脂肪族基团,n为1至10的整数。
本发明较佳实施方案,本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺具有如下式(2)至式(3)其中一者所示结构:
其中,Q为C5至C50脂肪族基团,m为1至10的整数;
其中,W为C5至C50脂肪族基团,n为1至10的整数。
本发明较佳实施方案,本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺具有如下式(4)至式(5)其中一者所示结构:
其中,m为1至10的整数;
其中,n为1至10的整数。
为了达成前述目的,本发明提供一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其由乙烯胺与脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺反应而得。举例而言,可将乙烯胺与脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺进行聚合反应,而获得乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺。举例而言,可将乙烯胺与脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺进行预聚合反应,而获得乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺预聚物。
若未特别指明,所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺又可称为「乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺化合物」、「乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺预聚物」或「乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺树脂」,且此等名称可交替使用,均用以指涉由乙烯胺及脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺反应所获得的产物,例如经由预聚合反应。
所述乙烯胺(vinylamine)可为,例如但不限于:乙烯基胺(vinyl amine)、烯丙基胺(allyl amine)。
其中,所述乙烯基胺可为但不限于:乙烯苄基胺(vinylbenzyl amine)。
较佳的,所述乙烯苄基胺可为,例如但不限于:4-乙烯苄基胺。
其中,所述烯丙基胺可为但不限于:烯丙基苯基胺、烯丙基苄基胺。
较佳的,所述烯丙基胺可为:N-烯丙基苯基胺、N-烯丙基苄基胺。
所述脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺可为,例如但不限于:结构式中包含C5~C50其中一者的脂肪族结构的马来酰亚胺,本发明一较佳实施方案可为结构式中包含C10~C50其中一者的脂肪族结构的马来酰亚胺。所述脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺可为结构式中包含长链且具有C5~C50其中一者的脂肪族结构的马来酰亚胺或结构式中包含支链及C5~C50其中一者的脂肪族结构的长链马来酰亚胺。较佳实施方案可为结构式中包含长链且具有C10~C50其中一者的脂肪族结构的马来酰亚胺或结构式中包含支链及C10~C50其中一者的脂肪族结构的长链马来酰亚胺。
前述脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺可为,例如但不限于以下结构:
其中n=1至10;
其中n=1至10。
其中,所述脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺式(7)较佳可为式(8)的结构:
其中n=1至10。
所述脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺(具脂肪族结构的马来酰亚胺)可为,例如但不限于:BMI-689、BMI-1400、BMI-1500、BMI-1700、BMI-2500、BMI-3000、BMI-5000及BMI-6000。前述含酰亚胺结构的马来酰亚胺可购自设计者分子公司。
在一乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺的实施方案中,乙烯胺与脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺的重量份比为10:90至40:60。一较佳的实施方案中,乙烯胺与脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺的重量份比为20:80至35:65。
本发明所述反应或预反应指将脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺溶解在适量的溶剂中后,再加入乙烯胺并混合搅拌均匀,再加热至60至110℃温度范围下的任一温度,经过2至12小时的加热搅拌反应而得。所述溶剂可包含,例如但不限于:二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、甲苯或二甲苯等。本发明的一实施方案为,将其加热至80至100℃温度范围下的任一温度,经过2至12小时的加热搅拌反应而得。
另一方面,本发明提出一种树脂组合物,其包含前述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺及至少一种交联剂。
在一实施例中,交联剂包含二乙烯基苯(divinylbenzene,DVB)、双乙烯苄基醚(bis(vinylbenzyl)ether,BVBE)、1,2-双(乙烯基苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(vinylphenyl)ethane,BVPE)、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(triallyl isocyanurate,TAIC)、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯(triallyl cyanurate,TAC)、氰酸酯、异氰酸酯、1,2,4-三乙烯基环己烷(1,2,4-Trivinylcyclohexane,TVCH)、苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯(例如:三环癸烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸酯)、聚苯醚树脂、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物、聚酯、烯烃聚合物、环氧树脂或酸酐硬化剂的其中一种、其预聚物或其组合。
举例而言,若未特别指明,本发明使用的聚苯醚树脂并不特别限制,且可为任一种或多种市售产品、自制产品或其组合,具体实施例包含但不限于双羟基聚苯醚(例如SA-90,可购自Sabic公司)、双乙烯苄基聚苯醚(例如OPE-2st,可购自三菱瓦斯化学公司)、甲基丙烯酸酯聚苯醚(例如SA-9000,可购自Sabic公司),乙烯苄基改质双酚A聚苯醚或扩链聚苯醚。
举例而言,前述扩链聚苯醚可包括揭示在美国专利申请案公开第2016/0185904A1号中的各类聚苯醚树脂,其全部并入本文作为参考。
举例而言,若未特别指明,本发明使用的烯烃聚合物并不特别限制,且可为任一种或多种市售产品或其组合。具体实施例包含但不限于苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯三元聚合物、苯乙烯-丁二烯-马来酸酐三元聚合物、乙烯基-聚丁二烯-胺甲酸乙酯寡聚物(vinyl-polybutadiene-urethane oligomer)、苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、氢化苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物、氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物、甲基苯乙烯共聚物、石油树脂和环型烯烃共聚物的至少一者或其组合。
若未特别指明,本发明采用的聚酯并不特别限制,且可为任一种或多种市售产品或其组合。具体实施例包含但不限于购自大日本油墨化学的HPC-8000。
在一实施例中,所述树脂组合物包含100重量份的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺及1至500重量份的交联剂,较佳为100重量份的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺及1至300重量份的交联剂,更佳为100重量份的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺及1至100重量份的交联剂。
本发明的树脂组合物还可视需要进一步包含至少一种性质调整剂,例如阻燃剂、硬化促进剂、无机填料、表面活性剂、增韧剂、溶剂及其组合的任一者。
举例而言,所述阻燃剂可为含溴阻燃剂或含磷阻燃剂,含磷阻燃剂可以是下列至少一种化合物,但并不以此为限:双酚二苯基磷酸酯(bisphenol diphenyl phosphate)、聚磷酸铵(ammonium polyphosphate)、对苯二酚-双-(二苯基磷酸酯)(hydroquinone bis-(diphenyl phosphate))、双酚A-双-(二苯基磷酸酯)(bisphenol A bis-(diphenylphosphate))、三(2-羧乙基)膦(tri(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine,TCEP)、三(氯异丙基)磷酸酯、磷酸三甲酯(trimethyl phosphate,TMP)、甲基膦酸二甲酯(dimethylmethyl phosphonate,DMMP)、间苯二酚双二甲苯基磷酸酯(resorcinol bis(dixylenylphosphate),RDXP,如PX-200,购自大八化学)、磷腈化合物(phosphazene,如SPB-100,购自大冢化学)、间苯甲基膦(m-phenylene methylphosphonate,PMP)、聚磷酸三聚氰胺(melamine polyphosphate)、9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷菲-10-氧化物(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,DOPO)、含DOPO酚树脂(如含DOPO-HQ树脂、含DOPO的酚醛树脂(DOPO-PN树脂)、含DOPO的双酚酚醛树脂(DOPO-BPN树脂)、双DOPO阻燃剂、三DOPO阻燃剂、二苯基磷氧(diphenyl phosphine oxide,DPPO)化合物、二苯基磷氧衍生物等,但并非仅限于此。其中,DOPO-BPN树脂可为含DOPO的双酚A酚醛(DOPO-bisphenol Anovolac,DOPO-BPAN)、含DOPO的双酚F酚醛(DOPO-bisphenol F novolac,DOPO-BPFN)、含DOPO的双酚S酚醛(DOPO-bisphenol S novolac,DOPO-BPSN)等双酚酚醛化合物。
举例而言,所述硬化促进剂可包含刘易斯碱或刘易斯酸等触媒(catalyst)或过氧化物。其中,刘易斯碱可包含咪唑(imidazole)、三氟化硼胺复合物、氯化乙基三苯基鏻(ethyltriphenyl phosphonium chloride)、2-甲基咪唑(2-methylimidazole,2MI)、2-苯基咪唑(2-phenyl-1H-imidazole,2PZ)、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole,2E4MI)、三苯基膦(triphenylphosphine,TPP)与4-二甲基胺基吡啶(4-dimethylaminopyridine,DMAP)中一者或多者。刘易斯酸可包含金属盐类化合物,如锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌等金属盐化合物,如辛酸锌、辛酸钴等金属触媒。较佳地,所述硬化促进剂为包含可产生自由基的过氧化物,包括但不限于:过氧化二异丙苯、过氧苯甲酸叔丁酯及二叔丁基过氧化二异丙基苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧)己炔-3。
举例而言,所述无机填料可包含二氧化硅(熔融态、非熔融态、多孔质或中空型)、氧化铝、氢氧化铝、氧化镁、氢氧化镁、碳酸钙、氮化铝、氮化硼、碳化铝硅、碳化硅、二氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、云母、勃姆石(boehmite,AlOOH)、煅烧滑石、滑石、氮化硅、煅烧高岭土中的至少一种。较佳地,所述无机填充物为球型、纤维状、板状、粒状、片状或针须状,并可选择性经由硅烷偶合剂(硅烷或硅氧烷化合物)预处理。
举例而言,添加接口活性剂的主要作用,在于使无机填充物可以均匀分散于树脂组合物中。其中,接口活性剂可包含硅烷(silane)化合物及硅氧烷(siloxane)化合物。
举例而言,添加增韧剂的主要作用,在于改善树脂组合物的韧性。其中,增韧剂可包含橡胶(rubber)树脂、聚丁二烯丙烯腈橡胶(carboxyl-terminated butadieneacrylonitrile rubber,CTBN)、核壳橡胶(core-shell rubber)等添加物。
举例而言,添加溶剂的主要作用,在于改变树脂组合物的固含量,并调整树脂组合物的黏度。其中,溶剂可包含甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇单甲醚、丙酮、丁酮(又称为甲基乙基酮)、甲基异丁基酮、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯、甲氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙氧基乙基乙酸酯、丙氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙酸乙酯、二甲基甲酰胺、丙二醇甲基醚等溶剂或其混合溶剂。
据此,该乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺能提供使用其制作的铜箔基板,不仅能有效改善基板层间脆裂的缺点,并可提升基板耐热性、降低介电性、增加接着性,并使基板吸湿后仍可维持低介电性。
据此,该乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺能提供使用其制作的半固化片具有良好的树脂流动性以及填胶性。
本发明的树脂组合物,进一步可包含其他种类的马来酰亚胺,若未特别指明,本发明采用的其他种类的马来酰亚胺并不特别限制,且可为任一种或多种市售产品或其组合。具体实施例包含但不限于4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(4,4’-diphenylmethanebismaleimide)、苯甲烷马来酰亚胺寡聚物(oligomer of phenylmethane maleimide)或称苯甲烷马来酰亚胺聚合物、间-伸苯基双马来酰亚胺(m-phenylene bismaleimide)、双酚A二苯基醚双马来酰亚胺(bisphenol A diphenyl ether bismaleimide)、3,3’-二甲基-5,5’-二乙基-4,4’-二苯基甲烷双马来酰亚胺(3,3’-dimethyl-5,5’-diethyl-4,4’-diphenylmethane bismaleimide)、4-甲基-1,3-伸苯基双马来酰亚胺(4-methyl-1,3-phenylene bismaleimide)、1,6-双马来酰亚胺-(2,2,4-三甲基)己烷(1,6-bismaleimide-(2,2,4-trimethyl hexane))、2,3-二甲基苯马来酰亚胺(N-2,3-xylylmaleimide)、2,6-二甲基苯马来酰亚胺(N-2,6-xylenemaleimide)、N-苯基马来酰亚胺(N-phenylmaleimide)和上述化合物的预聚物的至少一者或其组合。其中,预聚物举例为二烯丙基化合物与马来酰亚胺化合物的预聚物、二胺与马来酰亚胺化合物的预聚物、多官能胺与马来酰亚胺化合物的预聚物。例如但不限于可购自大和化成、HOS technik公司、KI化学公司或设计者分子(Designer Molecules)公司的马来酰亚胺。
树脂组合物的制品
前述树脂组合物可透过各种加工方式制成各类物品,例如适用于各类电子产品中的组件,其包括但不限于树脂膜、背胶铜箔、半固化片、积层板及印刷电路板。
举例而言,可将本发明各实施例的树脂组合物涂布在PET膜(polyester film)或PI膜(polyimide film)上,经由烘烤加热形成半固化态(B-Staged)而获得树脂膜。
举例而言,可将本发明各实施例的树脂组合物涂布在铜箔上,再经由烘烤加热而成半固化态,而获得背胶铜箔(resin coated copper,RCC)。
举例而言,本发明各实施例的树脂组合物可制成半固化片(prepreg),其具有一补强材及设置于补强材上的层状物(绝缘层),该层状物由如前述树脂组合物经高温加热形成半固化态所固化而成,制作半固化片的烘烤温度为例如120℃至140℃之间。该补强材可为纤维材料、织布、不织布、液晶树脂膜、PET膜(polyester film)和PI膜(polyimide film)中的任何一种,且织布较佳包含玻璃纤维布。玻璃纤维布的种类并无特别限制,可为市售可用于各种印刷电路板的玻璃纤维布,例如E型玻布、D型玻布、S型玻布、T型玻布、L型玻布或NE玻布,其中纤维的种类包含纱和粗纱等,形式则可包含开纤或不开纤。所述不织布较佳包含液晶树脂不织布,例如聚酯不织布、聚氨酯不织布等,且不限于此。所述织布亦可包含液晶树脂织布,例如聚酯织布或聚氨酯织布等,且不限于此。此补强材可增加该半固化片机械强度。较佳的,该补强材亦可选择性经由硅烷偶合剂进行预处理。
举例而言,本发明各实施例的树脂组合物可制成铜箔基板等各种积层板,其包含二铜箔及一绝缘层(例如前述层状物),该绝缘层设置在该等铜箔之间,且该绝缘层可由前述树脂组合物在高温、高压下所固化而成,可适用的固化温度例如介于190℃至220℃之间,较佳为200℃至210℃,固化时间为100至180分钟,较佳为120至150分钟。所述绝缘层可为前述半固化片或树脂膜。较佳的,所述积层板为铜箔基板。
所述积层板可进一步经由线路制程加工后制成一印刷电路板。
特性说明
本发明所述的树脂组合物及各类由其制成的物品,例如树脂膜、半固化片、背胶铜箔、积层板或印刷电路板,可达成以下所列一种、多种或全部理想特性:较佳的树脂流动性、较佳的基板外观,且所制成的基板有较理想的玻璃转化温度、热膨胀系数、热膨胀率、耐热性、介电特性及阻燃性。
有别于习知采用不同组成成分或配比的树脂组合物,本发明涵盖可达成前述任一种、任两种或多种特性的组合或是前述全部特性的树脂组合物及其制品,因而更能满足业界的需求。
为充分了解本发明的目的、特征及功效,兹藉由下述具体实施例,对本发明做一详细说明,说明如后。
【附图说明】
图1为制造例1的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺产物A与反应物BMI-3000的FTIR光谱比较图,其中T%代表穿透率,而cm-1代表波数。
【具体实施方式】
为使本领域具有通常知识者可了解本发明的特点及功效,以下谨就说明书及申请专利范围中提及的术语及用语进行一般性的说明及定义。除非另有指明,否则文中使用的所有技术及科学上的字词,皆具有本领域技术人员对于本发明所了解的通常意义,当有冲突情形时,应以本说明书的定义为准。
在本文中,用语「包含」、「包括」、「具有」、「含有」或其他任何类似用语均属于开放性连接词(open-ended transitional phrase),其意欲涵盖非排他性的包括物。举例而言,含有复数要素的一组合物或制品并不仅限于本文所列出的此等要素而已,而是还可包括未明确列出但却是该组合物或制品通常固有的其他要素。除此之外,除非有相反的明确说明,否则用语「或」是指涵括性的「或」,而不是指排他性的「或」。例如,以下任何一种情况均满足条件「A或B」:A为真(或存在)且B为伪(或不存在)、A为伪(或不存在)且B为真(或存在)、A和B均为真(或存在)。此外,于本文中,用语「包含」、「包括」、「具有」、「含有」的解读应视为已具体揭示并同时涵盖「由…所组成」及「实质上由…所组成」等封闭式或半封闭式连接词。
在本文中,所有以数值范围或百分比范围形式界定的特征或条件仅是为了简洁及方便。据此,数值范围或百分比范围的描述应视为已涵盖且具体揭示所有可能的次范围及范围内的个别数值,特别是整数数值。举例而言,「1至8」的范围描述应视为已经具体揭示如1至7、2至8、2至6、3至6、4至8、3至8等等所有次范围,特别是由所有整数数值所界定的次范围,且应视为已经具体揭示范围内如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8等个别数值。除非另有指明,否则前述解释方法适用于本发明全文的所有内容,不论范围广泛与否。
若数量或其他数值或参数是以范围、较佳范围或一系列上限与下限表示,则其应理解成是本文已特定揭示了由任一对该范围的上限或较佳值与该范围的下限或较佳值构成的所有范围,不论该等范围是否有分别揭示。此外,本文中若提到数值的范围时,除非另有说明,否则该范围应包括其端点以及范围内的所有整数与分数。
在本文中,在可达成发明目的的前提下,数值应理解成具有该数值有效位数的精确度。举例来说,数字40.0则应理解成涵盖从39.50至40.49的范围。
在本文中,对于使用马库西群组(Markush group)或选项式用语以描述本发明特征或实例的情形,本领域技术人员应了解马库西群组或选项列表内所有成员的次群组或任何个别成员亦可用于描述本发明。举例而言,若X描述成「选自于由X1、X2及X3所组成的群组」,亦表示已经完全描述出X为X1的主片与X为X1及/或X2的主片。再者,对于使用马库西群组或选项式用语以描述本发明的特征或实例者,本领域技术人员应了解马库西群组或选项列表内所有成员的次群组或个别成员的任何组合亦可用于描述本发明。据此,举例而言,若X描述成「选自于由X1、X2及X3所组成的群组」,且Y描述成「选自于由Y1、Y2及Y3所组成的群组」,则表示已经完全描述出X为X1或X2或X3而Y为Y1或Y2或Y3的主片。
以下具体实施方式本质上仅是例示性,且并不欲限制本发明及其用途。此外,本文并不受前述先前技术或发明内容或以下具体实施方式或实施例中所描述的任何理论的限制。
制造例合成乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺
制造例1-1合成本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺
将100克BMI-3000淡黄色固态粉末加入100克甲苯溶剂中,置在玻璃搅拌反应槽内加热并恒温至50℃并持续搅拌至固态粉末完全溶解形成褐色澄清的溶液。再将15克4-乙烯苄基胺(4-vinylbenzyl amine,VBA)加入反应槽搅拌至混合均匀后,将溶液加热至95℃并持续搅拌4小时,之后将溶液冷却至室温,得到产物乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺溶液。此溶液可选择性的使用习知技术除去溶剂得到固态的产物A(Product A),例如可用减压蒸馏法。
以反射式傅立叶变换红外线光谱技术(Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy,FTIR)分析制造例1-1所得的产物A(Product A)与原料BMI-3000,比较结果如图1所示,结果显示制造例1-1的产物于920.15cm-1出现乙烯苄基上的乙烯基特征峰,由此结果可确定所得产物为乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺。
制造例1-2合成本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-1,差异为分别将66.5克BMI-3000与33.5克4-乙烯苄基胺取代制造例1-1中原本100克BMI-3000与15克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-2得到的产物为产物B。
制造例1-3合成本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-1,差异为分别将80克BMI-3000与20克4-乙烯苄基胺取代制造例1-1中原本100克BMI-3000与15克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-3得到的产物为产物C。
制造例1-4合成本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-1,差异为分别将66.5克BMI-1700与33.5克4-乙烯苄基胺取代制造例1-1中原本100克BMI-3000与15克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-4得到的产物为产物D。
制造例1-5合成本发明所述乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-1,差异为分别将66.5克BMI-70与33.5克4-乙烯苄基胺取代制造例1-1中原本100克BMI-3000与15克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-4得到的产物为产物E。
制造例1-6合成末端羟基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-2,差异为将33.5克2,2'-二烯丙基双酚A取代制造例1-2中原本的33.5克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-6得到的产物为产物F。
制造例1-7合成末端羟基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-2,差异为将33.5克对胺基酚(p-aminophenol)取代制造例1-2中原本的33.5克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-7得到的产物为产物G。
制造例1-8合成末端胺基改质马来酰亚胺
同制造例1-2,差异为将33.5克4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(4,4'-oxydianiline,ODA)取代制造例1-2中原本的33.5克4-乙烯苄基胺。制造例1-8得到的产物为产物H。
制造例1-1至1-4的产物A、产物B、产物C及产物D,皆可溶在甲苯及丁酮溶剂中,且静置摆放48小时后仍不会有析出沉淀。制造例1-5的产物E无法溶在甲苯。
实施例:
采用以下来源的各种原料,依照表一至表四的用量分别调配本发明实施例及本发明比较例的树脂组合物,并进一步制作成各类测试样本或制品。
乙烯苄基聚苯醚:产品名OPE-2st,购自三菱瓦斯化学。
双-(3-乙基-5甲基-马来酰亚胺苯基)甲烷Bis-(3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-maleimidephenyl)methane):产品名:BMI-70,购自KI Chemical。
脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺1:产品名BMI-3000,购自设计者分子公司。
脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺2:产品名BMI-1700,购自设计者分子公司。
3,3',4,4'-联苯四羧基二酸酐(3,3',4,4'-Biphenyltetracarboxylicdianhydride):产品名:BPDA,购自Sigma-Aldrich公司。
4-乙烯苄基胺(4-vinylbenzyl amine,VBA),购自临川化工。
2,2'-二烯丙基双酚A(2,2'-diallyl bisphenol A,DABPA),购自Sigma-Aldrich公司。
对胺基酚(p-aminophenol),购自Sigma-Aldrich公司。
4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(4,4'-oxydianiline),购自勤裕公司。
过氧化物:产品名:25B,购自日油株式会社。
球型二氧化硅:产品名:2500SMJ,购自Admatechs公司。
成胶(varnish)的制作
如下表一至表四所示,分别将各个实施例(以E表示,如E1、E2等)或比较例(以C表示,如C1、C2等)依照表中的用量,将各组份加入搅拌槽中进行搅拌,均匀混合后形成的树脂组合物称为成胶。表中树脂组成中的各成分(除了溶剂以外)添加量指的是固态物质的重量份。溶剂为液态物质的重量份。
以下例示说明各类由本发明所述的树脂组合物制得的产品或待测样品及其制造方法。
半固化片:分别将实施例及比较例的树脂组合物置入一含浸槽中,再将玻璃纤维布(使用1080或2116的E-玻璃纤维布(E-glass fiber fabric)或1080的L-玻璃纤维布,购自Asahi公司)浸入上述含浸槽中,使树脂组合物附着于玻璃纤维布上,再在130℃下加热烘烤约2分钟,得到半固化片。
铜箔基板(5-ply,五片半固化片压合而成):准备两片厚度为18微米的HVLP(HyperVery Low Profile)铜箔以及五片各待测样品所制得的半固化片(2116E-玻璃纤维布),每一片半固化片的树脂含量约52%,依铜箔、五片半固化片及铜箔的顺序进行迭合,于真空条件、200℃下压合2小时形成各铜箔基板。其中,五片相互迭合的半固化片固化形成两铜箔间的绝缘层,绝缘层的树脂含量约52%。
不含铜基板(5-ply,五片半固化片压合而成):将上述铜箔基板(5-ply)经蚀刻去除两边的铜箔,以获得不含铜基板(5-ply)。其中该不含铜基板(5-ply)由五片半固化片所压合而成,不含铜基板(5-ply)的绝缘层树脂含量约52%。
不含铜基板(2-ply,两片半固化片压合而成):准备两片厚度为18微米的HVLP铜箔以及两片各待测样品所制得的半固化片(1080L-玻璃纤维布),每一片半固化片的树脂含量约68%,依铜箔、两片半固化片及铜箔的顺序进行迭合,于真空条件、200℃下压合2小时形成含铜箔基板(2-ply)。接着,将上述铜箔基板经蚀刻去除两铜箔,以获得不含铜基板(2-ply)。其中该绝缘基板由两片半固化片所压合而成,不含铜基板(2-ply)的树脂含量约68%。
各特性的测试方法说明如下:
PP(prepreg,半固化片)成型性(树脂含量RC值测试,RC为resin content):
以冲模机将冲出4片4(英吋)×4(英吋)2116E-玻璃纤维布,将此4片玻璃布称重,所得为W1;以冲模机将冲出4片半固化片4(英吋)×4(英吋)(2116E-玻璃纤维布制得),将此4片半固化片称重,所得为W2;树脂含量%=[(W2-W1)/W2]×100%。2116制作的半固化片的RC值为52%代表符合正常规格的半固化片,2116制作的半固化片的RC值为小于30%代表树脂流光而无法成型于半固化片上。
树脂流动性(resin flow):
参考IPC-TM-650 2.3.17规范,取4片(4.0±0.010英吋)×(4.0±0.010英吋)以2116E-玻璃纤维布含浸的半固化胶片,秤重得Wo,将4片半固化胶片以钢板/离形膜/4片半固化胶片/离形膜/钢板的排列方式进行迭置,迭置好后放入压合机中,以温度171±3℃及压力200±10psi的条件进行热压5分钟,热压后取出样品冷却至室温,以圆形冲模机冲出直径为3.192in(81.1mm)的圆形样品,秤重得圆形样品重量为Wd,以下式计算树脂流动性(%):
树脂流动性%=[(Wo-2Wd)/Wo]×100%。
若树脂流动性大于30%,代表树脂流动性过大,基板压合时树脂会向外流出,导致无法形成适当的基板厚度(无法得到适当的RC值)。
树脂填胶性:
取2片2116E-玻璃纤维布制作的半固化片,上下各自迭合一张2Ounce的HTE(hightemperature elongation)铜箔,再压合形成铜箔基板,将表面铜箔进行习知微影蚀刻制程形成具有表面线路的核心基板,将表面线路棕化后,两个表面分别迭上3片由1080E-玻璃纤维布制作的半固化片及2Ounce HTE铜箔,再次压合形成第二个铜箔基板。将铜箔基板使用习知切片技术并使用光学显微镜及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察线路间的填胶是否有空泡产生,若有空泡产生代表填胶性差。
密集孔测试(避免微裂):
将各个实施例或比较例以习知多层板制作方式各别制作26层板(使用1080E-玻璃纤维布制作的半固化片制作),以机械钻孔的方式分别制作孔径为0.25mm(millimeter),孔与孔的中心点间距(pitch)为0.7mm,总孔数为1000孔(pitch hole),再经由除胶渣及电镀制程得到制作好的样品,将样品通过260℃的回焊机(Reflow)6回,将样品再进行习知切片制样,以光学显微镜观察样品是否有爆板或分层的现象,并将其视为不良孔数。则密集孔测试通过率=[1–(不良孔数/总观察孔数)]*100%。其中,孔与孔的中心点间距分别为0.7mm较1.0mm严苛。通过率为100%为最佳。
耐热性T288:
使用6.5mm×6.5mm的铜箔基板(5-ply)为待测样品,使用热机械分析仪(TMA),并设定288℃的恒温下,参考IPC-TM-650 2.4.24.1所述方法,测量铜箔基板受热后不发生爆板的时间。一般而言,时间越长代表利用该树脂组合物所制得的铜箔基板的耐热性越好。
浸锡耐热性(S/D,solder dipping test):
参考IPC-TM-650 2.4.23规范,使用上述铜箔基板(5-ply),将各待测样品每次浸入恒温设定为288℃的锡炉内10秒为一回,取出后于室温等待约10秒,再次将待测样品浸入锡炉内10秒并取出后在室温等待约10秒,重复上述步骤,测试各待测样品耐热不爆板的总回数。概言之,各待测样品可重复进行浸锡测试而不发生爆板现象的总回数越多,代表利用该树脂组合物所制得的成品(如铜箔基板)的耐热性越好。
不含铜基板PCT测试(pressure cooking test,PCT):
将不含铜基板(5-ply)放置在121℃饱和水蒸汽环境下吸湿3小时后取出,浸入恒温288℃的锡炉内,并在浸入20秒后取出观看有无爆板。PCT测试参考IPC-TM-650 2.6.16.1所述方法测量各待测样品。爆板代表基板的绝缘层部份层间分离。
介电常数(Dk):
使用上述不含铜基板(2-ply)为待测样品,采用微波诱电分析仪(microwavedielectrometer,购自日本AET公司),参考JIS C2565Measuring methods for ferritecores for microwave device所述方法,在室温且10GHz的频率下量测各待测样品。一般而言,介电常数越低代表待测样品的介电特性越佳,Dk值的差异大于0.05代表不同基板的介电常数之间存在显着差异。
介电损耗(Df):
在介电损耗的量测中,使用上述不含铜基板(2-ply)为待测样品,采用微波诱电分析仪(microwave dielectrometer,购自日本AET公司),参考JIS C2565Measuring methodsfor ferrite cores for microwave device所述方法,在室温且10GHz的频率下测量各待测样品。一般而言,介电损耗越低代表待测样品的介电特性越佳,Df值的差异小于0.0005代表基板的介电损耗没有显着差异,Df值的差异大于0.0005代表不同基板的介电损耗之间存在显着差异。
吸湿后介电损耗:
在吸湿后介电损耗的量测中,选用上述不含铜基板(2-ply)为待测样品,置在121℃饱和水蒸汽环境中,吸湿3小时后(参考前述不含铜基板PCT测试方法),进行介电损耗测试,介电损耗测试方法同上述。
层间接着性:
将铜箔基板(5-ply)裁成宽度为12.7mm、长度大于60mm的长方形,利用万能拉伸强度试验机,测试方法参考IPC-TM-650 2.4.8所述方法,差异在于不需将表面铜箔蚀刻且测试位置为第2层半固化片和第3层半固化片间的接着面,在室温(约25℃)下测试将固化后的绝缘基板其第2层与层之间分离所需的力(lb/in)。层间接着性差异>0.1(lb/in)为显着差异。
藉由表一至表二的实施例及比较例树脂组合物及表三与表四的特性比较测试结果,本发明的树脂组合物制作的铜箔基板E1~E4具有较佳的密集孔耐热测试(pitch=0.7mm)通过率及层间接着力,并兼具良好的PP成型性、树脂填胶性、T288耐热性、浸锡耐热性、吸湿耐热性及低介电常数和低介电损耗。此外,本发明的树脂组合物制作的铜箔基板E1~E4在PCT吸湿后测试介电损耗的改变亦最小,因此本发明的树脂组合物制作的铜箔基板在吸湿后可维持良好的低介电损耗特性。
Claims (12)
1.一种乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,具有如下式(1)至式(2)其中一者所示结构:
其中,R为共价键、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-或羰基,Q为C5至C50脂肪族基团,m为1至10的整数;
其中,W为C5至C50脂肪族基团,n为1至10的整数。
2.如权利要求1所述的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其中该乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺具有如下式(4)至式(5)其中一者所示的结构:
其中,m为1至10的整数;
其中,n为1至10的整数。
3.一种树脂组合物,包含权利要求1所述的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺及至少一种交联剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的树脂组合物,其中该交联剂包含二乙烯基苯、双乙烯苄基醚、1,2-双(乙烯基苯基)乙烷、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯、氰酸酯、异氰酸酯、1,2,4-三乙烯基环己烷、苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、聚苯醚树脂、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物、聚酯、烯烃聚合物、环氧树脂或酸酐硬化剂的其中一种、其预聚物或其组合。
5.如权利要求3所述的树脂组合物,其中,该树脂组合物进一步包含阻燃剂、硬化促进剂、无机填料、表面活性剂、增韧剂、溶剂及其组合的任一者。
6.如权利要求3所述的树脂组合物,其中,该树脂组合物包含100重量份的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺及1至500重量份的交联剂。
7.一种由权利要求3所述的树脂组合物制得的制品,包括树脂膜、半固化片、背胶铜箔、积层板或印刷电路板。
8.一种由乙烯胺及脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺反应而得到的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺。
9.如权利要求8所述的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其中该乙烯胺与该脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺的反应重量份比为10:90至40:60。
10.如权利要求8所述的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其中该乙烯胺包括乙烯基胺、烯丙基胺或其组合。
11.如权利要求8所述的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其中该脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺为包含C5至C50脂肪族结构的马来酰亚胺。
12.如权利要求8所述的乙烯基改质马来酰亚胺,其中该脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺包含具有下式(6)至式(7)其中一者结构单元的脂肪族长链马来酰亚胺:
其中n=1至10;或
其中n=1至10。
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