CN109093455B - Micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device for efficiently processing high-precision arc-edge diamond cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-pendulum polishing device for efficiently processing a high-precision arc edge diamond cutter, which comprises a base, an index plate, a cutter point arc size adjusting part, a manual spindle part, a micro-swing part, a precise dovetail groove vertical cross supporting plate, a micro-feeding part, a cutter back angle adjusting part, a cutter holder part and a CCD camera head part, wherein the cutter is arranged on the cutter holder part. The piezoelectric ceramic driver in the micro-amplitude component and the piezoelectric ceramic driver in the micro-feeding component are connected with an external piezoelectric ceramic controller through leads. The CCD camera is connected with an external computer through a data line. The micro-pendulum polishing device provided by the invention enables the arc edge diamond cutter to realize micro-pendulum polishing on the grinding disc along the ideal cutter point arc track, so that the polishing efficiency and the polishing quality of the existing arc edge diamond cutter are improved.

Description

Micro pendulum grinding and polishing device for high-efficiency machining of high-precision circular-arc-edged diamond tools

This application is a divisional application of application number: 201710105879.X, application date: 2017-02-27, title: "Micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device for processing arc edge diamond tool tip arc".

technical field

The invention relates to a tool grinding device, in particular to a micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device for processing circular arc edge diamond tool tip arcs.

Background technique

Due to its high machining accuracy and long service life, diamond tools have become an ideal tool for precision and ultra-precision machining, and have been more and more widely used in the defense industry and civil industry. However, the characteristics of high hardness and good wear resistance of diamond have also become a major problem in diamond tool grinding. In order to solve the problem that diamond tools are difficult to process, people continue to explore and study various grinding methods through various technical means and channels, such as mechanical grinding, ion beam sputtering, non-destructive mechanical chemical polishing, chemical auxiliary machinery. Polishing and finishing, thermochemical polishing and laser ablation, etc. Due to the comprehensive consideration of factors such as equipment cost, processing efficiency and processing quality, the method commonly used at home and abroad is mainly the mechanical grinding method.

The mechanical grinding method is borrowed from the ancient diamond grinding process, and it is also a relatively efficient, cheap and convenient method for processing diamond tools. The cutting edges of traditional diamond tools are manually ground by process technicians. When manually grinding diamond tools with circular arc edges, the technicians need to manually apply a certain load to the tool. The constant reciprocating rotation within a certain angle depends on the grinding experience of the craftsman, which often results in uneven quality of the ground diamond tools, and it takes a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to train a high-tech craftsman.

After searching, although there are many related patent applications for tool grinding machines at home and abroad, most of them are grinding devices with functions such as clamping, positioning, front and rear angle adjustment, and online monitoring of tools to realize ordinary grinding of tools. A related patent application for vibration grinding and polishing of circular-arc-edged diamond tools along the ideal circular arc trajectory of the cutting edge.

For example, the grinding device in the patent 201510148759.9 can realize the grinding process of different tools, and is equipped with a frame, a grinding wheel mechanism, a fixture device and a PLC controller, but compared with this patent, there are the following differences:

The grinding device in the patent of this application is driven by the micro-feed component through the tool holder component to realize the tool feeding movement, while the grinding device in the patent 201510148759.9 is driven by the Y-axis moving device of the grinding wheel mechanism to move the grinding wheel to realize the grinding wheel feeding movement.

The grinding device in the patent 201510148759.9 can only realize the ordinary mechanical grinding of the tool, and it has a related device or structure for adjusting the position of the tool and the grinding wheel, but it does not mention the realization of vibration grinding along the arc path of the tool tip in the patent of this application. related devices or structures similar to the micro-swing components.

[The grinding device in the patent 200910250485.9 can only realize the ordinary mechanical grinding of the tool, and it is equipped with a frame, a manual rough adjustment lifting device, an X/Z axis manual rough adjustment device, a tooth pressing mechanism, a tooth extraction mechanism, and an X/Z axis advance. A feeding mechanism, an automatic swing head rotation angle mechanism and a grinding mechanism are mentioned, but it is not mentioned that the grinding device has related components that can realize the vibration grinding process of the tool.

The grinding devices in the patents 201620089292.5, 201210564986.6, 201620088164.9, etc. can only realize the ordinary grinding of diamond tools, and it is not mentioned that the grinding device has relevant parts that can realize the vibration grinding of the tools.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of micro pendulum grinding and polishing device for processing the circular arc edge diamond tool tip arc which reduces the dependence on the technical level of the craftsman, and further improves the grinding and polishing quality and grinding efficiency of the circular arc edge diamond tool .

The technical solution of the present invention is:

A micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device for processing circular arc edge diamond tool tip arc, which is characterized in that: the base is mounted on a sliding table, the sliding table is mounted on a linear ball guide rail, and the linear ball guide rail is fixed on a grinding machine table; The tool tip arc size adjustment part is mainly composed of a screw rod, a nut and a nut seat. The screw rod and the nut cooperate to form a screw nut pair, and the nut seat is fixed on the manual bearing cavity of the manual spindle part; the manual spindle part is mainly composed of manual air The floating main shaft (22), the manual bearing cavity, and the manual crank handle are composed. The manual bearing cavity is installed on the base through the rectangular guide rail, the manual air flotation spindle is installed in the manual bearing cavity, and the manual crank handle is fixed to the manual air flotation spindle. At one end, the indexing plate is fixed on the outside of the manual bearing cavity; the micro-swing component is mainly composed of the micro-swing air-floating spindle, the micro-swing bearing cavity, the connecting rod, the guide rod, the second return disc spring, the first piezoelectric ceramic driver and the It consists of a hole cover, the micro-swing air-floating spindle is installed in the micro-swing bearing cavity, the two ends of the guide rod are sleeved on the micro-swing bearing cavity, and the first piezoelectric ceramic driver is installed on the micro-swing bearing cavity through the hole cover, and is connected with the micro-swing bearing cavity. One side of the guide rod is in close contact, the second return disc spring is sleeved on the other side of the guide rod, the convex shaft at the upper end of the connecting rod is sleeved on the guide rod, the lower end is fixed on the micro-swing air-floating spindle, and the micro-swing bearing cavity is fixed on the One end of the manual air-floating spindle; the vertical cross bracket with dovetail groove is fixed on the other end of the micro-swing air-floating spindle; the tool relief angle adjustment device is composed of a relief angle adjustment knob and a turntable; , The second piezoelectric ceramic driver, the upper slider of the wedge mechanism, the lower slider of the wedge mechanism, the third reset disc spring, and the first reset disc spring. The seat is installed on the linear ball guide rail, the lower end surface of the sliding seat is in close contact with the first reset disc spring, the upper end surface of the sliding seat is fixed with the lower sliding block of the wedge mechanism, and the upper sliding block of the wedge mechanism is closely connected with the lower sliding block of the wedge mechanism. contact, the third reset disc spring is in close contact with one side of the slider on the wedge mechanism and the inner surface of the cantilever cavity respectively, and the moving end of the second piezoelectric ceramic driver is in close contact with the other side of the slider on the wedge mechanism; the tool is installed on the knife on the clip part.

The tool relief angle adjustment device makes the turntable rotate around the Y axis by adjusting the relief angle adjustment knob, so as to realize the grinding of tools with different relief angles.

The axis line of the micro-swing air-bearing main shaft of the micro-swing component is collinear with the axis line of the manual air-bearing main shaft of the manual main shaft component.

The indexing plate consists of a dial, a slider, a locking screw, and an angle adjustment screw; the dial is fixed outside the manual bearing cavity, and the slider is installed in the dial chute. According to the actual required swing angle of the tool, the slider is Move it to the corresponding position, fix it on the base of the indexing plate with the locking screw, and then accurately set the swing angle range of the tool through the angle adjustment screw.

The CCD camera part is composed of a CCD camera and a CCD camera worktable. The CCD camera is fixed on the CCD camera worktable. The CCD camera worktable can realize the adjustment of X/Y/Z three moving degrees of freedom and the rotation degree of freedom around the Y axis.

The CCD camera is connected with an external computer through a data line, and the position state of the tool and the grinding and polishing effect are observed in real time.

The first piezoelectric ceramic driver in the micro-swing component is connected to an external piezoelectric ceramic controller through a wire, and according to the actual micro-swing requirement, the micro-swing angle and micro-swing angle of the micro-swing air-floating spindle are controlled by adjusting the piezoelectric ceramic controller. pendulum frequency.

The second piezoelectric ceramic driver in the micro-feeding component is connected with an external piezoelectric ceramic controller through a wire, and according to the actual feed displacement requirement, the grinding and polishing feed amount of the tool is controlled by adjusting the piezoelectric ceramic controller.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device for processing the arc edge diamond tool tip arc of the present invention are: 1. Compared with the ordinary manual grinding and polishing method for the arc edge diamond tool, the device can It can improve the relative speed between the tool and the diamond abrasive particles, effectively improve the grinding and polishing efficiency, and at the same time, due to the additional grinding and polishing speed generated by the micro-pendulum grinding and polishing, the direction of the grinding and polishing speed is constantly changed, avoiding the appearance of regular texture on the surface of the tool, and improving the surface of the tool. 2. With the aid of this device, micro-pendulum grinding and polishing can be realized along the arc trajectory of the tool tip, and the arc profile of the diamond tool tip can be improved; 3. The micro-pendulum lapping and polishing device of the present invention can easily It is installed on the grinder that currently relies entirely on manual grinding. At the same time, the tool holder part of the device adopts a modular design, which is easy to realize the clamping of different sizes of tool holders.

The purpose of this patent application is to improve the polishing quality and polishing efficiency of the existing arc-edge diamond tools, and it combines high-efficiency vibration machining technology with air-bearing bearings with high rotational accuracy, high stability and low friction coefficient. A new type of micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device suitable for machining circular arc edge diamond tools has been developed, which not only meets the needs of efficient machining of high precision circular arc edge diamond tools, but also broadens the application of vibration machining technology.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural composition schematic diagram of the device of the present invention

Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the left side view of the structural composition of the micro-swing component

Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front view of the structural composition of the micro-feed component

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the indexing plate

The symbols in the figure are: 1. Base, 2. Swing bearing cavity, 3. Slightly swinging air bearing spindle, 4. Arc-edge diamond tool, 5. First return disc spring, 6. Tool holder body, 7. Screw , 8, turntable, 9, rear angle adjustment knob, 10, sliding seat 11, precision linear ball guide rail, 12, lower slider of wedge mechanism, 13, upper slider of wedge mechanism, 14, cantilever cavity, 15, precision Dovetail vertical cross bracket, 16, Precision screw, 17, Nut, 18, Nut seat, 19, Cover plate, 20, Hole cover, 21, Manual crank, 22, Manual air bearing spindle, 23, Manual bearing Cavity, 24, Sliding table, 25, Ordinary linear ball guide rail, 26, Fixed plate, 27, Grinding machine table, 28, Grinding disc carrier, 29, Grinding disc, 30, Diamond paste, 31, CCD camera parts, 32 , The second return disc spring, 33, the guide rod, 34, the connecting rod, 35, the piezoelectric ceramic driver 1, 36, the bracket, 37, the connecting plate, 38, the threaded guide post 1, 39, the third return disc spring, 40 , Threaded guide post 2, 41, piezoelectric ceramic driver 2, 42, end cap, 43, dial, 44, angle adjustment screw, 45, locking screw, 46, slider.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a micro-pendulum grinding and polishing device for processing a circular arc edge diamond tool tip arc according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1, an indexing plate, a tool tip arc size adjusting part, a manual spindle part, Micro swing parts, precision dovetail vertical cross brackets 15 , micro feed parts, tool relief angle adjustment parts, tool holder parts, CCD camera parts 31 .

In this embodiment, the base 1 is installed on the sliding table 24, the sliding table 24 is installed on the ordinary linear ball guide 25, and the ordinary linear ball guide 25 is fixed on the grinding machine table 27; The screw 7 clamps and fixes it, and the tool holder part is fixed on the sliding seat 10 of the micro-feeding part; the tool relief angle adjustment part is composed of the relief angle adjustment knob 9 and the turntable 8, and the turntable 8 is installed on the sliding seat of the micro-feeding part 10; the precision dovetail slot vertical cross bracket 15 is fixed to the other end of the micro-swing air-floating spindle 3, and by rotating the two handwheels on the precision dovetail slot cross bracket 15, the tool is driven to realize the rotation along the Y axis and the Z axis. Two-dimensional movement, so that the center of the tool nose arc is on the 22nd axis line of the manual air-bearing spindle of the manual spindle part and the 3rd axis line of the micro-swing air-bearing spindle of the micro swing part; the tool nose arc size adjustment part is mainly It consists of a precision screw 16, a nut 17 and a nut seat 18. The nut 17 is fixed on the nut seat 18, and the nut seat 18 is fixed on the manual bearing cavity 23 of the manual spindle part. The hand wheel connected to the precision screw 16 is rotated to drive The manual spindle part moves in the Z-axis direction to adjust the distance between the center of the diamond tool tip arc and the grinding disc 29 (that is, the radius of the tool tip arc is finally obtained), depending on the actual needs; the manual spindle part is mainly composed of manual The air-floating spindle 22, the manual bearing cavity 23, and the manual crank handle 21 are composed. The manual bearing cavity 23 is installed on the base 1 through the rectangular guide rail, and can be driven by the precision screw 16 of the tool tip arc size adjustment part along the lower edge of the rectangular shape. The guide rail moves in the direction of the Z-axis, the manual air-floating spindle 22 is installed in its bearing cavity, and the manual crank handle 21 is fixed to an outer end of the manual air-floating spindle 22. The center of the pointed arc circle swings back and forth at a large angle.

Referring to Figure 2, the micro-swing component is mainly composed of the micro-swing air-bearing main shaft 3, the micro-swing bearing cavity 2, the connecting rod 34, the guide rod 33, the second return disc spring, 32, the first piezoelectric ceramic driver 35 and the hole cover The micro-swing air-floating spindle 3 is installed in the micro-swing bearing cavity 2, the two ends of the guide rod 33 are sleeved on the micro-swing bearing cavity 2, and the first piezoelectric ceramic driver 35 is fixed on the micro-swing bearing through the hole cover 20. On the cavity 2, and in close contact with one side of the guide rod 33, the second return disc spring 32 is sleeved on the other side of the guide rod 33, the upper end of the connecting rod 34 is sleeved on the guide rod 33, the lower end is fixed on the micro-swing air On the floating spindle 3, the micro-swing bearing cavity 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the manual air-floating spindle 22. In addition, the first piezoelectric ceramic driver 35 is connected to an external piezoelectric ceramic controller through a wire, and the piezoelectric ceramic controller is adjusted to control the micro The pendulum angle and micro pendulum frequency can be used to realize micro pendulum grinding and polishing of arc-edged diamond tools. The first piezoelectric ceramic driver 35 is a piezoelectric ceramic driver whose model is P-840.6 from PI Company in Germany.

满足tanθ=1/5，最终研磨进给分辨率可达nm级。Referring to FIG. 3 , the micro-feed components are mainly composed of the precision linear ball guide 11 , the sliding seat 10 , the second piezoelectric ceramic driver 41 , the upper slider 13 of the wedge mechanism, the lower slider 12 of the wedge mechanism, and the first threaded guide post 38 , the second threaded guide post 40, the first reset disc spring 5, the third reset disc spring 39, and the end cover 42. The precision linear ball guide 11 and the cantilever cavity 14 are fixed on the precision dovetail vertical cross plate 15. The sliding seat 10 is installed on the precision linear ball guide 11 , the piezoelectric ceramic drivers 2 and 41 are fixed on the end cover 42 through screw connection, the end cover 42 is fixed on the cantilever cavity 14 , and the connecting plate 37 is fixed on the precision linear ball guide 11 . On the lower end surface, the threaded guide posts 2 and 40 are threadedly connected together through the threaded holes on the connecting plate 37, and the first return disc spring is sleeved on the second threaded guide post 40 and is in close contact with the connecting plate 37 and the lower end surface of the sliding seat 10, The upper end surface of the sliding seat 10 is fixed with the lower slider 12 of the wedge mechanism, the upper slider 13 of the wedge mechanism is in close contact with the lower slider 46 , and the first threaded guide post 38 is screwed together through the threaded hole on the cantilever cavity 14 , the third reset disc spring 39 is sleeved on the first threaded guide post 38, and is in close contact with one side of the slider 13 on the wedge mechanism and the cantilever cavity 14, and one end of the second piezoelectric ceramic driver 41 is connected to the wedge mechanism. The other side of the slider 13 is in close contact. In addition, the second piezoelectric ceramic driver 41 is connected to an external piezoelectric ceramic controller through a wire, and the grinding feed of the tool is controlled by adjusting the piezoelectric ceramic controller, with different grinding feed rates. Instead of the load applied during actual manual polishing. The second piezoelectric ceramic driver 41 selects a piezoelectric ceramic driver whose model is P-212.80 from the German PI company, and the wedge angle of the wedge mechanism is

Satisfying tanθ=1/5, the final grinding feed resolution can reach nm level.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the indexing plate is composed of a dial 43 , a slider 46 , a locking screw 45 , and an angle adjusting screw 44 . The dial 43 is fixed on the outside of the manual bearing cavity 23, and the slider 46 is installed in the chute of the dial 43. According to the actual required swing angle of the tool, the slider 46 is moved to the corresponding position, and the locking screw 45 is used to fix it in the position. On the base of the indexing plate, and then accurately set the swing angle range of the tool through the angle adjustment screw 44.

The above embodiments are only specific examples for further detailed description of the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a device is ground and thrown to little pendulum of high-efficient processing high accuracy circular arc sword diamond cutter, characterized by: the base (1) is arranged on a sliding table (24), the sliding table (24) is arranged on a common linear ball guide rail (25), and the common linear ball guide rail (25) is fixed on a grinding machine workbench (27); the tool nose arc size adjusting component mainly comprises a screw rod (16), a nut and a nut seat (18), the screw rod (16) and the nut are matched to form a screw rod and nut pair, and the nut seat (18) is fixed on a manual bearing cavity (23) of the manual spindle component; the manual spindle part mainly comprises a manual air-floatation spindle (22), a manual bearing cavity (23) and a manual rocking handle (21), wherein the manual bearing cavity (23) is arranged on the base (1) through a rectangular guide rail, the manual air-floatation spindle (22) is arranged in the manual bearing cavity (23), the manual rocking handle (21) is fixedly connected to one end of the manual air-floatation spindle (22), and an index plate is fixed on the outer side of the manual bearing cavity (23); the micro-swing part mainly comprises a micro-swing air-bearing main shaft (3), a micro-swing bearing cavity (2), a connecting rod (34), a guide rod (33), a second reset disc spring (32), a first piezoelectric ceramic driver (35) and a hole cover (20), wherein the micro-swing air-bearing main shaft (3) is installed in the micro-swing bearing cavity (2), two ends of the guide rod (33) are sleeved on the micro-swing bearing cavity (2), the first piezoelectric ceramic driver (35) is installed on the micro-swing bearing cavity (2) through the hole cover (20) and is tightly contacted with one side of the guide rod (33), the second reset disc spring (32) is sleeved on the other side of the guide rod (33), a convex shaft at the upper end of the connecting rod (34) is sleeved on the guide rod (33), the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the micro-swing air-bearing main shaft (3), and the micro-swing bearing cavity; a dovetail groove vertical cross supporting plate (15) is fixedly connected to the other end of the micro-pendulum air-floating main shaft (3); the cutter back angle adjusting device consists of a back angle adjusting knob (9) and a rotary table (8); the micro-feeding part mainly comprises a precise linear ball guide rail (11), a sliding seat (10), a second piezoelectric ceramic driver (41), a wedge mechanism upper sliding block (13), a wedge mechanism lower sliding block (12), a third reset disc spring (39) and a first reset disc spring (5), a precise linear ball guide rail (11) is fixed on a dovetail groove vertical cross supporting plate (15), a sliding seat (10) is installed on the precise linear ball guide rail (11), the lower end face of the sliding seat (10) is tightly contacted with a first reset disc spring (5), the upper end face of the sliding seat (10) is fixed with a lower sliding block (12) of a wedge mechanism together, an upper sliding block (13) of the wedge mechanism is tightly contacted with the lower sliding block (12) of the wedge mechanism, a third reset disc spring (39) is respectively tightly contacted with one side face of the upper sliding block (13) of the wedge mechanism and the inner surface of a cantilever cavity (14), and the moving end of a second piezoelectric ceramic driver (41) is tightly contacted with the other side face of the upper sliding block (13) of the wedge mechanism; the cutter is arranged on the cutter holder component;

the first piezoelectric ceramic driver of the micro-oscillation amplitude component is connected with an external piezoelectric ceramic controller through a lead, and the micro-oscillation angle and the micro-oscillation frequency of the micro-oscillation air floatation spindle are controlled by adjusting the piezoelectric ceramic controller according to the actual micro-oscillation requirement.

2. The micro-pendulum polishing device for efficiently processing the high-precision arc-edge diamond cutter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cutter back angle adjusting device enables the rotary table (8) to rotate around the Y axis by adjusting the back angle adjusting knob (9), and grinding of cutters with different back angle angles is achieved.

3. The micro-pendulum polishing device for efficiently processing the high-precision arc-edge diamond cutter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the axis of the micro-swing air-floatation main shaft (3) of the micro-swing part is collinear with the axis of the manual air-floatation main shaft (22) of the manual main shaft part.

4. The micro-pendulum polishing device for efficiently processing the high-precision arc-edge diamond cutter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the index plate consists of a dial (43), a slide block (46), a locking screw (45) and an angle adjusting screw (44); the dial (43) is fixed on the outer side of the manual bearing cavity (23), the sliding block (46) is installed in a sliding groove of the dial (43), the sliding block (46) is moved to a corresponding position according to the actual required swing angle of the cutter, the sliding block is fixed on a base of the dial by a locking screw (45), and then the swing angle range of the cutter is accurately set by an angle adjusting screw (44) and the like.

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