CN109070484B - 生产密封包装单元的组件 - Google Patents

生产密封包装单元的组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109070484B
CN109070484B CN201780025694.6A CN201780025694A CN109070484B CN 109070484 B CN109070484 B CN 109070484B CN 201780025694 A CN201780025694 A CN 201780025694A CN 109070484 B CN109070484 B CN 109070484B
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China
Prior art keywords
sealing
continuous tube
packaging material
recess
assembly according
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CN201780025694.6A
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CN109070484A (zh
Inventor
塞尔吉奥·托马斯·曼奇尼
加布里尔·西亚维
卢卡·根蒂利
伊凡·奥尔西尼
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
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    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B29C66/4742—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat said single elements being spouts
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种用于由片状包装材料生产密封包装单元(14)的组件包括：用于沿着推进方向(F)推进片状包装材料的推进装置(21)；纵向密封装置，其用于沿着平行于所述推进方向(F)布置的纵向密封带密封所述片状包装材料的相对边界，从而形成连续管(15)；横向密封装置(29)，其用于横向于所述推进方向(F)密封所述连续管(15)，以限定密封包装单元(14)。横向密封装置(29)包括密封元件(30)和抵接元件(31)，密封元件(30)和抵接元件(31)用于在密封期间在位于连续管(15)的相对侧面上时相互配合。密封元件(30)被如此构造以作用在连续管(15)的侧面(27)上，所述纵向密封带设置在该侧面(27)上。

Description

生产密封包装单元的组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于由片状包装材料生产密封包装单元的组件。由根据本发明的组件生产的密封包装单元可以进行进一步的折叠操作，以获得包含产品，特别是可倾倒食品的密封包装。
背景技术
已知的是，许多可倾倒食品，比如果汁、UHT(超高温处理的)奶、酒、番茄酱等，在由片状包装材料制成的包装中出售。
例如，已知用于液体或可灌注食品的平行六面体形包装，其通过折叠并密封层合的片状包装材料制成。包装材料具有多层结构，其包括基层(例如纸制基层)以及覆盖基层两侧的可热封塑性材料(例如聚乙烯)层。就用于长期储存产品(例如UHT奶)的无菌包装而言，包装材料还包括叠加在可热封塑性材料层上的氧阻挡材料层，例如铝箔，所述氧阻挡材料层进而被形成包装的最终接触食品的内表面的另一可热封塑性材料层覆盖。
包装从包装材料的基本单元开始生产，该基本单元通常被构造为沿着推进方向推进通过包装机的包装材料片的一部分。
如果需要生产灭菌包装，则将包装材料片在包装机上灭菌，随后保持在封闭的无菌环境中。
在任何情况下，将片状包装材料的相对纵向边界沿纵向密封带密封在一起以形成连续管，该管用所需产品填充。
管通过多对夹爪在包装机上推进。每对夹爪设置有横向密封装置，用于沿横向于推进方向布置的横向密封带密封管。特别地，横向密封装置包括：与片状包装材料相互作用的密封元件，以便沿着横向密封带密封片状包装材料的相对端部；和与密封元件相对的抵接元件，在密封期间，片状包装材料压靠在该抵接元件上。当形成连续管的包装材料夹紧在抵接元件和密封元件之间时，抵接元件面向连续管的一侧面，在该侧面上获得纵向密封带。密封元件面向连续管的另一侧面，即没有纵向密封带的侧面。
在某些情况下，上述容器可以设置有由塑料材料制成的相应的可重新闭合的打开装置。一种可重新闭合的打开装置包括倾倒嘴，该倾倒嘴限定了贯穿倾倒开口并且装配到容器顶壁中的孔中。倾倒嘴具有颈部，例如带螺纹的颈部，其在使用期间从顶壁突出。可拆卸的盖，例如螺旋盖，随后安装到倾倒嘴上，以便朝外封闭倾倒嘴。
在将片状包装材料推进通过包装机时，将倾倒嘴施加到片状包装材料上，然后纵向密封片状包装材料，以从其获得连续管。倾倒嘴可以例如在折叠片状包装材料之前模制在片状包装材料上。
因此，当横向密封装置与片状包装材料相互作用时，片状包装材料已经设有多个倾倒嘴。特别地，倾倒嘴被施加到连续管的与连续管的设置有纵向密封带的另一侧面相对的侧面上，即在片状包装材料的面向横向密封元件的部分上。
当设置有倾倒嘴的连续管将由横向密封装置密封时，每个倾倒嘴的颈部可能干扰密封元件。如果发生这种情况，密封元件可能使颈部变形或甚至使颈部破裂，这使得在后续的封盖机上将盖施加到颈部上即使不是不可能的话，也是困难的。
在颈部和密封元件之间发生干扰的情况下，包装也可能由于对其施加的过大的压力而被损坏。
为了避免这些风险，已经考虑在横向密封装置的密封元件上获得用于容纳颈部的凹部，同时连续管横向于推进方向密封。但是，这种解决方案不能在各种包装机上采用。例如，如果包装机设置有超声波类型的横向密封装置，则密封元件是超声波发生器(sonotrode)，其需要具有最小的振动质量，以确保片状包装材料的适当密封。在这种情况下，在密封元件上设置减小其质量的凹部可能危及横向密封带的紧密性。
更一般地，在某些类型的密封元件上设置凹部可能是困难的，因为它会使密封元件的结构过度复杂化。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进现有的用于从片状包装材料生产多个密封包装单元的组件，所述密封包装单元彼此分开或者仍然彼此附接以形成一种卷材。
另一个目的是提供一种组件，该组件即使在生产设置有带颈部的倾倒嘴的密封包装单元时也能确保高密封质量。
另一个目的是提供一种组件，其能够生产具有高密封质量的密封包装单元，而不会使密封元件的结构过度复杂化。
还有的另一个目的是提供一种组件，该组件利用不同类型的密封元件，特别是还利用超声波类型的密封元件确保高密封质量。
根据本发明，提供了一种用于由片状包装材料生产密封包装单元的组件，其包括：
-用于沿着推进方向推进片状包装材料的推进装置，
-纵向密封装置，其用于沿着平行于所述推进方向布置的纵向密封带密封所述片状包装材料的相对边界，从而形成连续管，
-横向密封装置，其用于横向于所述推进方向密封所述连续管，以限定密封包装单元，
其中所述横向密封装置包括密封元件和抵接元件，所述密封元件和所述抵接元件用于在密封期间在位于所述连续管的相对侧面上时相互配合，所述密封元件被如此构造以作用在所述连续管的侧面上，所述纵向密封带设置在该侧面上。
由于密封元件定位成作用在连续管的设置有纵向密封带的侧面上，因此抵接元件定位成作用在连续管的与纵向密封带相对的另一侧面上。如果需要，这使得更容易修改横向密封装置的部件的结构和/或构造，该结构和/或构造面向连续管的与纵向密封带相对的另一侧面。
例如，如果片状包装材料设置有在连续管的与纵向密封带相对的侧面上施加的倾倒嘴，则可以特别设计抵接元件以避免对颈部的干扰。这比修改现有技术的密封元件容易得多。因此可以确保高密封质量。
在一实施方式中，横向密封装置具有用于容纳设置在连续管上的倾倒嘴的颈部的凹部。
可以至少部分地在抵接元件中制造凹部。
凹部使得在密封期间能避免倾倒嘴的颈部和横向密封装置之间的干扰。通过在密封期间将颈部容纳在凹部中，确保颈部不会被横向密封装置的部分或位于横向密封装置附近的其他部件的部分导致变形。因此，基本上消除了在处理连续管时由于颈部的不希望有的变形而不能将盖适当地施加到倾倒嘴上的风险。
类似地，基本上避免了破坏颈部或使密封包装单元变形的风险。
在一实施方式中，横向密封装置是超声波密封装置，并且密封元件是超声波发生器。
通过使用超声波密封装置，即使片状包装材料不包括导电层，也可以获得高质量的密封。
在一实施方式中，该组件还包括切割装置，以用于切割连续管，以便从连续管分离出连续的密封包装单元。切割装置可以集成在横向密封装置中。
切割装置可以包括切割元件，该切割元件被构造成面向连续管的与设置有纵向密封带的侧面相对的另外的侧面。
切割元件可以至少部分地容纳在抵接元件中。
切割装置切割形成连续管的包装材料穿过横向密封带，使得随后的密封包装单元可以与连续管分离。
在一实施方式中，推进装置包括可在抓握位置和脱离位置之间移动的成对的抓握夹爪，在抓握位置，片状包装材料被夹紧在成对的抓握夹爪的两个夹爪之间，而在脱离位置，夹爪彼此远离并且与片状包装材料间隔开，使得片状包装材料可以相对于夹爪推进。
在一实施方式中，横向密封装置集成在成对的抓握夹爪中的抓握夹爪中。
特别地，密封元件可以设置在面向连续管的具有纵向密封带的侧面的抓握夹爪上，而抵接元件可以设置在另一个抓握夹爪上。
因此，形成连续管的包装材料可以横向于推进方向密封，同时将连续管沿推进方向推进。
因此可以实现高生产速度。
附图说明
参考附图将更好地理解和实施本发明，附图示出了本发明的示例性和非限制性实施方式，其中：
图1是透视示意图，其示出了设置有可重新闭合的打开装置的密封包装的一部分；
图2是显示用于由片状包装材料形成密封包装单元的组件的横截面图；
图3是图2的细节A的放大视图；
图4是图2的细节B的放大视图。
具体实施方式
图1显示了密封包装1的上部，其特别适合于容纳可倾倒的产品，例如可倾倒的食品。
包装1可以通过折叠和密封由片状包装材料制成的基本单元来生产。基本单元可以是包括一系列基本单元的片状包装材料的一部分。
片状包装材料具有多层结构，该多层结构包括提供刚度的基层，例如纸制基层，以及覆盖基层两侧的多个层合层。
例如，片状包装材料可以包括置于至少两个可热封层之间的基层。
在一替代实施方式中，层合层可以包括第一氧阻挡材料层，例如，第一铝箔层，和覆盖在基层和第一层两者的两侧的多个第二可热封的塑料材料层。换句话说，这种解决方案包括连续的并且从最终形成包装内部的一侧开始的可热封的塑料材料层、阻隔材料层、另一可热封的塑料材料层、基层和另一可热封的塑料材料层。
氧阻挡层可以由非导电材料(例如EVOH)制成，而不包括铝箔。
包装1包括未示出的底壁，该底壁在使用期间用于搁置在支撑表面上，例如搁架或桌子上，以及与底壁相对的顶壁2。在所示的示例中，顶壁2相对于底壁倾斜。然而，底壁和顶壁2也可以彼此平行。
包装1还包括前壁3和后壁4，前壁3置于底壁和顶壁2之间，后壁4与前壁3相对。彼此相对的两个侧壁5置于前壁3和后壁4之间。
在图1所示的包装1中，两个相对的侧壁5彼此平行。然而，这种情况不是必需的，可以设想其他形状的包装1。
包装1还包括顶部横向密封带6，其横跨顶壁2在其相对边缘之间延伸。类似的底部横向密封带(图1中未示出)横跨包装1的底壁在其相对边缘之间延伸。
顶部横向密封带6将顶壁2分成第一壁部分7和第二壁部分8。与前壁3相邻的第一壁部分7限定了上面可以施加打开装置9，特别是可重新闭合的打开装置的区域。
打开装置9包括相对于包装1固定的倾倒嘴10。倾倒嘴10可以在折叠形成包装1的包装材料之前施加到这种包装材料上，例如通过将倾倒嘴10直接模制在片状包装材料上，或者通过其他传统的紧固系统，例如粘合剂，或通过微火焰、电流感应、超声波、激光或其他热封技术来施加。
倾倒嘴10包括从顶壁2向上突出的颈部11。
在颈部11上，可以在形成包装之后施加未示出的盖。盖可拆卸地连接到颈部11上，例如通过螺纹连接到颈部11上。
与后壁4相邻的第二壁部分8在其中心区域中包括包装1的扁平纵向密封带13的端部。
更具体地，纵向密封带13在顶部横向密封带6和底部横向密封带之间垂直延伸，并且基本上沿着后壁4的中心线延伸。
图2示出了组件20，其可以用于由片状包装材料生产密封包装单元14。然后，密封包装单元14可以在未示出的折叠装置中经受进一步的折叠操作，折叠装置位于组件20的下游。在折叠装置中，从每个密封包装单元14获得如图1所示的包装1。
组件20包括用于沿着推进方向F推进片状包装材料的推进装置21。推进装置21包括两对抓握夹爪24，每对抓握夹爪构造成与用于形成密封包装单元14的端部区域的片状包装材料的一部分接合。
特别地，每对抓握夹爪24包括彼此相对定位的第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23，如下面将更详细地阐述的。第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23可在图2所示的抓握位置和未示出的脱离位置之间移动。在抓握位置，第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23将一部分片状包装材料夹持在其间，从而通过沿着推进方向F推进第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23，沿着推进方向F同时推进片状包装材料。在脱离位置，第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23彼此间隔开，使得片状包装材料可相对于第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23移动。
每对抓握夹爪24的第一夹爪22和第二夹爪23构造成通过未示出的驱动装置在推进方向F上推进。驱动装置可以包括例如连接到每对夹爪24的驱动轴。在一替代实施方式中，驱动装置可以包括支撑第一夹爪22的驱动链和支撑第二夹爪23的另一驱动链。作为替代方案，可以成功地使用其他类型的驱动装置。
组件20用于接收被构造成连续卷材的片状包装材料。组件20包括纵向密封装置，其未在图中示出，用于密封片状包装材料的相对纵向边界，以便从片状包装材料形成沿着推进方向F延伸的连续管15。更详细地，纵向密封装置用于沿着连续的纵向密封带连接片状包装材料的相对的纵向边界，该纵向密封带将在成品包装1中限定纵向密封带13。
纵向密封装置位于推进装置21上游，使得当片状包装材料已经被构造成连续管15时，推进装置21作用在片状包装材料上。
组件20还可以包括未示出的填充装置，其用于用包装1要包含的产品填充连续管15。此外，填充装置位于推进装置21的上游，使得当连续管15被推进装置21抓握时，连续管15已经填充有产品。
特别地构造成半壳25的体积限定元件连接到每对抓握夹爪24中的每个夹爪22、23。特别地，每个半壳25可以(例如在其下端)铰接或枢转地连接到相应的夹爪。
如下面将更好地描述的，通过沿片状包装材料上获得的一些折痕线折叠形成连续管15的片状包装材料，半壳25可以在连续管15上施加初步成形作用。
包括夹爪22、24和相应的半壳25的推进装置21不仅构造成沿着推进方向F推进片状包装材料，而且还通过开始折叠片状包装材料来使片状包装材料成形。推进装置21因此可以被认为是推进和成形装置。
连接到成对的夹爪24的半壳25可在图2的下部所示的活动位置和图2的上部所示的非活动位置之间操作。在活动位置，半壳25彼此靠近并与连续管15相互作用，以挤压连续管15并隔离每个密封包装单元14内的预设体积。该预设体积对应于将包含在每个包装1内的产品的数量。在活动位置，半壳25可以通过作用在形成连续管15的包装材料的多个纵向折痕线上而进一步对连续管15施加初步折叠作用。
在非活动位置，半壳25彼此间隔开并且不与连续管15相互作用。
在所示的示例中，半壳25通过相对于相应的夹爪22、23围绕相应的枢轴点旋转而从活动位置移动到非活动位置。活动位置可以被认为是半壳25的闭合位置，而非活动位置可以被认为是半壳25的打开位置。
每个半壳25在垂直于推进方向F的平面中具有凹形横截面。因此，当连接到成对的夹爪24的半壳25处于活动位置时，连续管15被半壳25包围。
形成连续管15的包装材料设置有相应打开装置9的多个倾倒嘴10。连续倾倒嘴10的颈部11沿着推进方向F等间隔。
连续的倾倒嘴10沿着推进方向F对齐，使得在连续管15形成之后，所有倾倒嘴10都位于连续管15的同一侧面上。特别地，在连续管15上可以限定两个相对的主侧面，即侧面27和另一侧面28。纵向密封带13位于连续管15的侧面27上，而倾倒嘴10位于连续管15的另一侧面28上。因此，纵向密封带13和倾倒嘴10位于连续管15的相对侧面上。
组件20还包括用于横向于，特别是垂直于推进方向F密封连续管15的至少一个横向密封装置29。更详细地，提供两个横向密封装置29，其沿着推进方向F彼此相距一定距离地依次布置。横向密封装置29构造成通过分别沿着顶部横向密封带6和底部横向密封带密封连续管15的相对侧面27、28而将相对侧面27、28接合。因此，连续管15在其相对的两端封闭，从而可以限定密封的包装单元14。
如图3和4中更好地示出的，每个横向密封装置29包括用于在形成连续管15的包装材料上施加密封作用的密封元件30。每个横向密封装置29还包括抵接元件31，形成连续管15的包装材料可以在密封期间抵靠该抵接元件31，即在密封元件30与包装材料相互作用时抵靠该抵接元件31。
在所示的示例中，每个横向密封装置29是超声波密封装置。因此，密封元件30是超声波发生器，超声波发生器用于产生超声波振动，从而产生振动能量，然后将振动能量施加到形成连续管15的包装材料上。例如压电类型的换能器32附接到密封元件30上，用于使密封元件30振动。
在一替代实施方式中，可以使用不同种类的横向密封装置29，例如感应密封类型，在这种情况下，密封元件30将是用于感应密封形成连续管15的包装材料的电感应发生元件。在这种情况下，抵接元件31由弹性材料制成并且由面向连续管15的平坦表面界定。
在所示的示例中，抵接元件31面向密封元件30并且是由基本上沿着推进方向F布置的抵接表面33界定。将通过密封元件30使包装材料压靠在抵接表面33上。在所示的示例中，邻接表面33不是完全平坦的，而是由波状轮廓界定，以更好地适应通过横向密封装置29密封在一起的包装材料的重叠端部的构造。
如上所述，密封元件30面向抵接元件31。形成连续管15的包装材料在密封期间置于密封元件30和抵接元件31之间。为此，密封元件30和抵接元件31位于连续管15的相对侧上。
更详细地，如图2、3和4所示，密封元件30定位成在使用期间面对连续管15的纵向密封带13。换句话说，密封元件30构造成从侧面27作用在连续管15上。
抵接元件31替代地定位成在使用期间面对连续管15的没有纵向密封带13的侧面。换句话说，抵接元件31构造成从另一侧面28与连续管相互作用。
在所示的连续管15设置有多个倾倒嘴10的示例中，抵接元件31因此在使用中面向连续管15的上面施加有倾倒嘴10的侧面。
然而，图2至4中所示的组件20的构造原则上可以被使用，即使片状包装材料上没有设置倾倒嘴10也如此，即，要形成的包装1不包括打开装置9也如此。
密封元件30和抵接元件31可在图2至4所示的密封位置和未示出的被动位置之间相对于彼此移动。在密封位置，密封元件30和抵接元件31彼此靠近并且与形成连续管15的包装材料主动地相互作用，以密封包装材料的面对部分。在所示的示例中，形成连续管15的包装材料在密封位置夹在密封元件30和抵接元件31之间。在被动位置，密封元件30和抵接元件31彼此间隔开，以便不干扰连续管15。
密封元件30和抵接元件31可以集成在成对的夹爪24内。更详细地说，密封元件30可以包括在第一夹爪22中，而抵接元件31可以由第二夹爪23支撑。在这种情况下，密封元件30和抵接元件31布置在密封位置，而相应的成对的夹爪24布置在抓握位置。另一方面，当相应的成对的夹爪24处于脱离位置时，密封元件30和抵接元件31位于被动位置。
为了在密封期间不干扰颈部11，第二夹爪23设置有用于当形成连续管15的包装材料被压在抵接元件31和密封元件30之间时容纳颈部11的凹部34。当在平面图中看时，凹部34可以具有基本上圆形或椭圆形的形状。凹部34的直径大于颈部11的直径，以避免颈部11与凹部34的壁之间的干扰的风险，即使施加于片状包装材料的连续的颈部11之间的位置存在差异时也如此。
在第二夹爪23的面向颈部11的表面中获得凹部34，即(在示例中示出)在第二夹爪23的上表面上获得凹部34。
更详细地说，凹部34的在使用中位于连续管15附近的一部分可以在抵接元件31中获得。凹部34的在使用中远离连续管15的另一部分可以在第二夹爪23的部件38中获得。连接到第二夹爪23的半壳25铰接到部件38。凹部34的置于上述的一部分和另一部分之间的中间部分可以在第二夹爪23的支撑抵接元件31的支撑部件39中制成。
如图3所示，凹部34可以由底表面35界定，在颈部11基本上完全容纳在凹部34内的构造中，底表面35基本上平行于颈部11的边缘12。凹部34可以进一步由侧表面36界定，侧表面36基本垂直于底表面35并因此基本上平行于颈部11的侧表面。
连接表面37可以在置于底表面35和侧表面36之间的位置处界定凹部34。连接表面37布置在抵接元件31附近。由于连接表面37，凹部34具有相对于轴线(侧表面36围绕该轴线延伸)的非对称构造。特别地，连接表面37限定凹部34的一部分，其靠近抵接元件31突出到底表面35中，即在底表面35的最靠近连续管15的部分中。凹部34的这部分确保在连续管15折叠和密封的同时颈部10可能所处的任何位置避免第二夹爪23和颈部10之间的干扰。
组件20还可以包括用于以等距的长度切割连续管15的切割装置40，以便将密封的包装单元14彼此分开。切割装置40包括切割元件，例如刀片41，其用于干扰形成连续管15的包装材料，从而切割连续管15。刀片41构造成在由横向密封装置29产生的横向密封带处切割包装材料。更详细地，刀片41构造成将横向密封带分成两部分，从而产生用于形成包装1的第一密封包装单元14的顶部横向密封带6和与第一密封包装单元14相邻的第二密封包装单元14的底部横向密封带。
刀片41至少部分地容纳在抵接元件31中。因此，刀片41定位成面向包装材料的另一侧面28，即连续管15的与纵向密封带相对的侧面。
刀片41包括变薄部分42和变厚部分43，变薄部分42用于与包装材料相互作用以切割包装材料，变薄部分42从变厚部分43突出。连接表面44置于变薄部分42和变厚部分43之间。连接表面44将变薄部分42连接到变厚部分43。连接表面44与凹部34相邻，特别是与其底表面35相邻。连接表面44可以例如是平行于底表面35的平坦表面。
由于连接表面44，刀片41的厚度可以在其切割刃附近减小。因此可以限制刀片41的整体尺寸，从而减小将刀片41容纳在抵接元件31中所需的空间。这使得凹部34能在抵接元件31中制成。
在所示的示例中，刀片41相对于垂直于推进方向F的平面对称。因此除了连接表面44之外，刀片41还由另一连接表面26界定，该另一连接表面26相对于连接表面44是对称的。当连接表面44与凹部34相邻时，另一连接表面26布置在相对于凹部34的相对侧。这使得刀片41更容易制造并容易组装在包装机上。
在替代实施方式中，刀片41可具有与图2至图4中所示的形状不同的形状。
提供了未示出的移动装置，其用于使刀片41在图3和4所示的推进位置和未示出的缩回位置之间移动。在推进位置，刀片41从邻接表面33突出并干扰形成连续管15的包装材料，由此可以切割连续管15。可以在密封元件30上设置座45，座45用于在推进位置，即在切割期间容纳刀片41的切割端。在缩回位置，刀片41不从抵接表面33突出，从而在刀片41和形成连续管15的包装材料之间不存在干扰。
为了从缩回位置移动到推进位置或反之亦然，刀片41在横向于，特别是垂直于推进方向F布置的方向上移位。
在操作过程中，通过纵向密封装置平行于推进方向F折叠并密封片状包装材料，以便形成连续管15。这是在片状包装材料由推进装置21沿着推进方向F推进时发生的。特别地，通过处于抓握位置并沿着推进方向F推进连续管15的两对抓握夹爪24在两个不同且连续的位置处连续地抓握形成连续管15的包装材料。
更具体地，当处于抓握位置的一对夹爪24沿推进方向F向前移动以使连续管15推进时，处于脱离位置的另一对夹爪24沿与推进方向F相反的方向向后移动，以便到达连续管15的待抓握的位于先前抓握部分的上游的新的部分。
在连续管15开始与成对的夹爪24相互作用之前，填充装置将用于填充包装1的产品引入连续管15内。
当一对夹爪24处于抓握位置时，相应的密封元件30和抵接元件31处于密封位置，其中密封元件30横向于推进方向F将包装材料推靠在抵接元件31上并连接包装材料的相对部分。因此产生了横向密封带。
更详细地说，与每对夹爪24相关联的横向密封装置29形成相应的横向密封带，使得两个连续的横向密封装置29先后在连续管15的两端密封连续管15的一部分，从而形成密封的包装单元14。
同时，与一对夹爪24相关联的刀片41移位到推进位置，以便切割形成连续管15的包装材料穿过相应的横向密封带，并将密封的包装单元14彼此分开。在横向于推进方向F密封形成连续管15的包装材料之前，将如图2的上部所示最初处于非活动位置的两个面对的半壳25带到如图2的下部所示的活动位置。因此，连续管15被挤压在两个面对的半壳25之间，从而可以在每个密封包装单元14中隔离预定体积的填充产品。此外，对形成连续管15的片状包装材料中存在的至少一些折痕线施加初步折叠作用。
为了从非活动位置转到活动位置，与一对夹爪24相关联的半壳25中的每个半壳25都围绕相应的枢转点旋转，每个半壳25在相应的枢转点铰接到相应的夹爪。
当连续管15的用于形成密封包装单元14的前端的一部分通过一对夹爪24抓握时，相应的半壳25仍然处于非活动位置，并且连续管15的用于形成该密封包装单元14的后端的另一部分尚未被相应的夹爪抓握。该构造在图2的上部示出。在该构造中，颈部10的前部开始被容纳在凹部34中，如图3所示。
当两个面对的半壳25移动到活动位置，由此挤压连续管15的置于其间的部分时，半壳25使这部分变形。因此，颈部10被更深地推入凹部34内，直到达到图4所示的构造。在这种构造中，颈部10和限定凹部34的壁之间没有干扰，使得颈部10既不会变形，也不会因与第二夹爪23的意外接触而破裂。密封包装单元14由于施加在其上的过度压力而导致的变形也避免了。同时，横向密封装置29和切割装置40的功能(如果有的话)不会受到损害。特别地，凹部34不会影响密封元件30的质量，因此其性能可以保持在最佳水平。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于由片状包装材料生产密封包装单元(14)的组件，其包括：
用于沿着推进方向(F)推进所述片状包装材料的推进装置(21)，
纵向密封装置，其用于沿着平行于所述推进方向(F)布置的纵向密封带密封所述片状包装材料的相对边界，从而形成连续管(15)，
横向密封装置(29)，其用于横向于所述推进方向(F)密封所述连续管(15)，以限定密封包装单元(14)，
其中所述横向密封装置(29)包括密封元件(30)和抵接元件(31)，所述密封元件(30)和所述抵接元件(31)用于在密封期间在位于所述连续管(15)的相对侧面上时相互配合，
其中所述横向密封装置(29)是超声波密封装置，并且所述密封元件(30)是超声波发生器，其特征在于：
所述密封元件(30)被如此构造以作用在所述连续管(15)的侧面(27)上，所述纵向密封带设置在该侧面(27)上；所述横向密封装置(29)具有凹部(34)，所述凹部(34)用于在密封期间容纳施加到所述连续管(15)的倾倒嘴(11)的颈部(10)；以及所述凹部(34)至少部分地在所述抵接元件(31)中制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中所述凹部(34)由用于面向所述颈部(10)的边缘(12)的底表面(35)和用于包围所述颈部(10)的侧表面(36)界定。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组件，其中由于所述凹部(34)的部分朝向所述抵接元件(31)突出，因而所述凹部(34)具有不对称的构造，所述部分用于避免所述颈部(10)和所述抵接元件(31)之间的干扰。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的组件，其中所述推进装置(21)包括用于抓握所述连续管(15)的成对的夹爪(24)，所述成对的夹爪(24)包括第一夹爪(22)和第二夹爪(23)，所述密封元件(30)集成在所述第一夹爪(22)内，而所述抵接元件(31)集成在所述第二夹爪(23)内。
5.根据权利要求4所述的组件，其中所述凹部(34)在所述第二夹爪(23)中制成。
6.根据权利要求4所述的组件，其还包括成对的半壳(25)，每个半壳连接到抓握的所述成对的夹爪(24)，所述半壳(25)能移位到活动位置中，以便隔离在所述连续管(15)的用于限定密封包装单元(14)的一部分内的预定体积。
7.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的组件，其还包括切割装置(40)，所述切割装置(40)用于切割所述连续管(15)，以便将连续的密封包装单元(14)与所述连续管(15)分离。
8.根据权利要求7所述的组件，其中所述切割装置(40)包括刀片(41)，所述刀片至少部分地容纳在所述抵接元件(31)内。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组件，其中所述刀片包括变薄部分(42)和变厚部分(43)，所述变薄部分(42)由切割刃界定，并且所述变薄部分(42)从所述变厚部分(43)突出。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的组件，其中所述密封元件(30)具有面向所述刀片(41)的座(45)，所述座(45)用于在切割期间接收所述刀片(41)的切割端。
11.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的组件，其中所述推进装置(21)被构造成在所述片状包装材料上施加初步成形作用。
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