CN109047303B - Method for inducing ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb - Google Patents
Method for inducing ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb Download PDFInfo
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- CN109047303B CN109047303B CN201810719197.2A CN201810719197A CN109047303B CN 109047303 B CN109047303 B CN 109047303B CN 201810719197 A CN201810719197 A CN 201810719197A CN 109047303 B CN109047303 B CN 109047303B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for inducing ground-laying bamboos to absorb and accumulate soil Pb, which comprises the steps of firstly, building a lawn in a delta-shaped strip cultivation mode; before transplanting the bamboo seedlings, adjusting the pH value of the soil to the value with the maximum optimal growth and Pb effectiveness of the ground bamboo; the water and fertilizer management and the use of a plant growth regulator are matched in combination with different growth stages of the ground bamboo, so that the ground bamboo can grow vigorously in each period to obtain the maximum biomass; adopting 1/2 units to harvest alternately, and harvesting the corresponding area of each standard repairing planting unit in odd and even years; finally, after the overground part of the bamboo paved on the ground is harvested, the bamboo is air-dried or de-enzymed, then is crushed and then is burnt, fly ash generated in the process is firstly preliminarily collected through a gas condensation purification device, and then is further recovered through a gas chelation purification device filled with EDTA solution. Compared with the conventional management technology, the Pb extraction amount in the restored sample plot can be remarkably increased by 51.28 percent by using the induction technologies in a matching way.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phytoremediation of metal contaminated soil, in particular to a method for inducing ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb.
Background
The lead (Pb) pollution of soil is one of the most serious pollutions in the current soil environment, and the Pb pollution exists in China and the human living environment in the global range, wherein the pollution around cities, mining areas, smelting plants and roads is particularly serious. Excessive Pb in soil has adverse effect on plant growth, and once entering into organisms, the excessive Pb in soil can cause great damage to the organisms. Along with the higher requirements of living environment of people, the more important plant restoration technology for restoring soil pollution at present is low cost, does not destroy the soil structure, does not cause secondary pollution, and is the restoration technology with the most application value at present. Although relevant plant repair technology research reports on soil heavy metal pollution at present, the repair technology still has the following problems:
1. the soil heavy metal Pb hyper-enrichment plants are mostly herbaceous wild plants, the biomass is small, the life cycle is short, and continuous extraction of the plants is difficult to achieve well.
2. Most of the adopted restoration plants have low ornamental value and low practicability for beautifying the environment.
3. Current repair techniques lack a tight set of characteristics that are stage-wise with plant growth.
4. The recovered plant processing matching technology is not complete, and simple ashing treatment treats plant residues, but does not consider possible secondary environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for inducing the land bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb, the land bamboo with certain enrichment capacity is selected as a repairing plant, the underground root and penis system is developed, the biomass of the overground part is large, the method has the characteristic of continuously extracting Pb through growth for many years, and meanwhile, the method has the obvious advantage compared with other repairing plants. The method combines four growth periods of the ground bamboo to be matched with corresponding water and fertilizer management, soil pH and application of plant growth regulators, induces and enhances the Pb absorption capacity of the ground bamboo, and finally carries out heavy metal recovery treatment and ash recycling on the recovered overground part plant residues.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for inducing ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a repairing plant, namely selecting a 1-2-year-old bamboo-paved bamboo with strong plants and no obvious diseases;
b. adjusting pH of soil 1 month before planting bamboo, adjusting pH of soil to be restored to weak acidity, and adding appropriate slaked lime (Ca (OH) if the soil is slightly acidic2) Soil improvement is carried out; if the soil is alkaline, gypsum (CaSO) can be applied4·2H2O) soil improvement is carried out;
c. the construction of the bamboo terrace and the standard restoration planting unit, in order to transplant the ground-paving bamboo, the bamboo terrace needs to be constructed for the soil to be restored urgently, firstly, a restoration sample plot is integrated into a plurality of strip-shaped planting belts with the width of 1m, then each strip-shaped planting belt is divided into 2 parallel planting ditches with the width of 0.5m, and after the ground-paving bamboo is transplanted, each strip-shaped planting belt with the width of 1m is taken as a standard restoration planting unit of the ground-paving bamboo; in the repairing sample plot, single clusters with crown width of 50cm are sequentially transplanted on the longitudinal central axis of each standard repairing planting unit of the ground bamboo with the width of 1m, the bamboo degree of each single cluster is 80-100, and the single clusters are arranged in a delta shape; the planting mode can ensure that a single bundle of ground bamboo in the effective restoration area has the largest root and penis growing space, can obtain the largest biomass, and can cover the whole restoration plot within 1 year of growing time;
d. after the cultivation, the cultivation is conducted, the maintenance management of Pb extraction is conducted on the ground-paved bamboo, after the ground-paved bamboo is transplanted in the restored soil, the efficient growth of each growth stage to obtain large biomass is the key for obtaining the maximum Pb absorption extraction amount, in the growth period of one year, the ground-paved bamboo has 4 obvious different growth stages, the bamboo shoot growing period (3-5 months), the branch-drawing and leaf-spreading period (6-7 months), the vigorous growth period (8-9 months) and the vegetative growth later period (10-12 months), aiming at different growth stages, the watering, fertilizing and the application of a plant growth regulator are combined, and different measures are matched to optimize the growth condition of the ground-paved bamboo;
e. harvesting the overground part of the bamboo plant;
f. recovering and extracting heavy metal from the overground part.
Specifically, in step b:
the pH value of the soil to be restored needs to be adjusted to 5.8-6.5.
Bamboo likes water but is afraid of water accumulation, and different watering modes are needed according to different seasons and growth stages. High temperature in summer easily causes water shortage of plants, the transpiration is inhibited to a certain extent, and the energy metabolism process is blocked. A plurality of experimental researches show that the absorption and upward transportation of the plant to the heavy metal are blocked under the action of low transpiration. Therefore, the water management has important significance for inducing the bamboo flooring to absorb and extract Pb in the soil.
Specifically, the step d includes a moisture management method, specifically including the steps of:
d11, promoting the sprouting of the bamboo shoots, watering enough moisture for the bamboo shoots in the planting ditches in the spring bamboo shoot period of 4 months, and keeping the relative moisture content of soil to be 80-85% of the field moisture capacity to promote the sprouting of the new bamboo shoots;
d12, water-saving removal: in 5-6 months, spring and summer are alternated, sufficient water needs to be poured, and the relative water content of soil is kept between 70% and 75% of the field water capacity, so that the high growth of new bamboos is promoted;
d13, bamboo water: the summer and autumn of 7-10 months is an important growth stage of the ground bamboo, the weather is hot, the relatively large water content of the soil needs to be kept to promote the growth of new bamboo, and the relative water content of the soil is kept between 75% and 80% of the field water capacity;
d14, pregnant bamboo shoot water: proper water can be sprayed in winter of 11-12 months, meanwhile, water for bamboo shoots is watered, and the relative water content of the soil for bamboo shoot germination in the next spring is promoted to be kept between 50% and 60% of the field water holding capacity.
The ground bamboo is favored to be fertile soil, and the nutrient growth of the grown bamboo shoots, branches and leaves and new bamboo needs sufficient nutrients supplied by the soil. Bamboo plants usually obtain a large biomass only when they are sufficiently nutritious, and therefore, fertilization techniques aimed at specific growth stages are also key to inducing the extraction of Pb from the ground bamboo.
Specifically, the step d comprises a fertilization management method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
d21 and 1/2 areas are pregnant with bamboo shoot manure, after the overground part of the bamboo in the area of each standard repair planting unit 1/2 is harvested in 12 months of the year, organic fertilizer is uniformly spread corresponding to the harvested areas, and stable manure and compost are combined, wherein the organic fertilizer and the stable manureAnd the weight ratio of the compost is 3: 1: 1, the fertilizer application amount is 5kg/m2(ii) a The pregnant bamboo shoot fertilizer is only applied to each standard multiple unit cutting area every year, so that more new bamboo shoots in the area can be induced, meanwhile, due to the fertilizer driving property of bamboo plant root rhizomes, the root rhizomes in the reserved area can be induced to grow to the cutting area, and the pregnant bamboo shoot fertilizer application method can be used for quickly rebuilding the bamboo terrace in the cutting area;
d22, promoting the bamboo shoot fertilizer in the whole area, applying a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer mainly containing urea in the early 3 months, wherein the dosage is 30g/m2。
d23, growing bamboo fertilizer in the whole area, in the early 6 months, finishing the bamboo shoot laying period, applying fertilizer to promote the growth of new bamboos, applying quick-acting fertilizer mainly containing N fertilizer and matching compound fertilizer, wherein the weight ratio of N, P to K is 3: 2: 1, urea 40g/m2Calcium superphosphate 100g/m215g/m of potassium chloride2The fertilizer is uniformly spread on the soil surface of the bamboo terrace, and watering is needed immediately after the fertilizer is applied.
Specifically, the step d comprises a management method of applying a plant growth regulator, and the specific steps are as follows:
d31, irrigating the roots of the ground bamboo in the bamboo terrace with 30-50 mg/L GA3 aqueous solution at the beginning of 3 months, and irrigating 1L of the ground bamboo in each square meter standard repair planting unit to promote the growth of rhizomes and the germination of new bamboo shoots;
d32, and in the beginning of 5 months, performing root irrigation again by using 30-50 mg/L GA3 aqueous solution, and irrigating 1L per square meter of standard repair planting units to promote the leaf expansion of the new bamboo shoots;
d33, and spraying 30-50 mg/L GA3 water solution on the new leaves of overground part of the bamboos to the leaf surface at the beginning of 7 months until the front and back surfaces of the leaves drip, wherein 0.2% of Tween 80 is added when the water solution is prepared.
Specifically, step e includes the following steps:
after the ground bamboo is grown for a long time in one year, harvesting the overground part of the ground bamboo at the bottom of 11 months in the year in an 1/2 unit alternate harvesting mode: at the end of 11 months in the 1 st year, all overground bamboo part plants (including stems and leaves, wherein 1/2 clumps of each single clump of the land bamboo are harvested) of the left 1/2 area of each standard repair planting unit of the land bamboo are cut off; at the end of 11 months in year 2, all the overground bamboo parts in the 1/2 area to the right are cut.
By utilizing an 1/2 unit alternate harvesting method, Pb accumulated in the soil in the current year can be recovered in a mode of half cutting and half remaining of bamboos, and meanwhile, the remaining half of bamboo plants can provide nutrient sources for the growth of new bamboo shoots and new bamboos in the next year of a single cluster.
Specifically, step f includes the steps of:
after harvesting the overground part of the bamboo laid on the ground, putting the harvested plant in a dry and ventilated place for natural air drying or water-removing at 85 ℃ until constant weight is obtained so as to obtain a plant biomass dry sample, crushing the plant biomass dry sample into fine powder by a crusher, putting the fine powder into a lead incinerator for high-temperature incineration at 1000 ℃ for 8 hours, primarily collecting fly ash generated in the process by a gas condensation purification device in a flue of the smelting furnace, and then further recovering the fly ash by connecting a gas chelation purification device filled with 0.05mol/L EDTA solution to the tail end of the collection device.
The method greatly reduces the biomass of the harvested plant biomass, the higher incineration temperature can minimize the ash quality after combustion, meanwhile, the incineration temperature is higher than the boiling point of Pb, the Pb can be gasified to the maximum amount, the plant residual ash is extracted into fly ash, and the EDTA condensate solution is used for condensing and chelating the ash. Finally, the obtained plant ash is subjected to element sampling detection, and the plant ash does not contain Pb but contains mineral elements (Ca, Mg, N, P, K and the like), so that the plant ash can be further used as an inorganic mineral fertilizer. If the plant residual ash is still composed of residual Pb, the incineration time is only required to be prolonged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the biomass of the ground bamboo has long life cycle, and the continuous extraction of the plants can be well realized.
2. The ground bamboo has high ornamental value and high practicability of beautifying the environment.
3. The repair technique is fully integrated with the growth stage characteristics of the ground bamboo.
4. The recovered plant has perfect processing matching technology, has fine and perfect plant residue processing technology, and can not cause secondary pollution to the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bamboo terrace planting mode in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an odd-numbered year harvesting area after planting of ground-paved bamboos in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the harvesting area of bamboo planted in the ground according to the present invention in an even number of years;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the process of recovering and extracting heavy metal Pb from the overground part of the bamboos paved with the ground.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
In 2015-2017, two plots with basically consistent physical and chemical properties and the same Pb pollution degree are selected to be 200m respectively2And respectively carrying out a Pb-polluted soil remediation test on the ground bamboo. Only routine maintenance management is carried out in 2015, and in 2016-2017, maintenance management is induced by matching of moisture, fertilization, a plant growth regulator and a harvesting mode.
In 2015, the lawn building mode is a conventional planting mode of a single Chinese character Tian-shaped cluster (a single plant 80 cluster), and 32000 plants are planted together. And 3, transplanting the bamboo seedlings to enable the crown width coverage surface to be half of the area of the same area in the early 3 months, and then performing conventional maintenance watering management without applying any fertilizer and plant growth regulator. And harvesting the overground parts of all ground cover bamboos in the bamboo plateau at the bottom of 11 months.
The specific operation in 2016 2017 is as follows:
1. determination of soil physicochemical properties and pH adjustment:
the area of a soil sample plot for repairing soil is 200m2(20 m long and 10m wide). First, the basic physicochemical properties of soil and the Pb content of the sample to be restored were measured (table 1), and as shown in table 1, the pH of the soil was 7.557, the lead content was 505.346mg/kg, which exceeded the Pb pollution national secondary standard of the soil. If the soil is alkaline, uniformly spreading a proper amount of gypsum on the soil surface 1 month before transplanting the bamboo seedlings, and adjusting the pH value of the soil to be 6.4.
TABLE 1 basic physicochemical Properties of soil in remediation plot
2. Constructing a bamboo terrace and a standard repairing planting unit:
in the repair plots, the paved bamboo turf was constructed with standard repair planting units 1m wide. Selecting strong 1 year-old ground bamboo, forming single cluster by 80 plants, arranging in a repairing land sample in a delta shape (as figure 1), co-planting 400 clusters and 32000 plants.
3. A maintenance management technology for Pb extraction of post-planting induced ground bamboo:
(1) water content management:
firstly, bamboo shoot promoting water: in the month of 4, enough water needs to be poured into the bamboo seedlings in the planting ditches, and the relative water content of soil is kept between 80 and 85 percent of the field water capacity.
Water saving: and in 5-6 months, the relative water content of the dredged soil is kept between 70 and 75 percent of the water holding capacity of the field.
③ enriching the bamboo water: and in 7-10 months, the relative water content of the soil needs to be kept large, and the relative water content of the soil is kept between 75-80% of the field water capacity.
Fourthly, pregnant bamboo shoot water: proper water spraying can be carried out in winter of 11-12 months, meanwhile, bamboo shoot water is watered, and the relative water content of soil is kept between 50% and 60% of the field water holding capacity.
(2) Fertilizing:
① 1/2 area is pregnant with bamboo shoot fertilizer, after the overground part of the bamboo in the area of 1/2 standard restoration planting units is harvested in 12 months in the year, organic fertilizer is uniformly spread in the corresponding harvesting area, and the amount of the organic fertilizer is 5kg/m in combination with animal manure and compost (3: 1: 1)2. And the pregnant bamboo shoot fertilizer is applied to a felling area of each standard multiple unit every year.
② promoting bamboo shoot fertilizer in the whole area, namely, in the beginning of 3 months, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer mainly containing urea needs to be applied, and the dosage is 30g/m2。
③ full-area bamboo fertilizer, 6 months earlier, N fertilizer is applied, quick-acting fertilizer is applied, and compound fertilizer (N: P: K: 3: 2: 1, urea 40 g/m)2Calcium superphosphate 100g/m215g/m of potassium chloride2) Uniformly spreading the fertilizer on the soil surface of the bamboo terrace, and applying the fertilizerImmediately watering.
(3) Plant growth regulator:
firstly, in the beginning of 3 months, 30-50 mg/L of GA3 aqueous solution is used for irrigating the roots of the ground bamboo in the bamboo terrace, and 1L of water is irrigated in each square meter of standard restoration planting units, and the total volume is 200L.
② in the beginning of 5 months, using 30mg/L-50mg/L GA3 aqueous solution to perform root irrigation again, irrigating 1L per square meter standard repairing planting unit, and totaling 200L.
② at the beginning of 7 months, 30mg/L-50mg/L GA3 aqueous solution (0.2% Tween 80 is needed to be added when preparing a spraying agent) is used for carrying out leaf surface spraying treatment on the overground part of new leaves of the bamboos on the ground until the front and back surfaces of the leaves drip, 0.5L of the repairing unit is sprayed per square meter, and the total amount is 100L.
4. Harvesting the overground part of the bamboo plant:
at the end of 11 months in the year, the overground parts of the ground bamboo are harvested by adopting 1/2 units for alternate harvesting. As shown in fig. 2, in year 1, all the overground parts of the bamboo mats (including the stems and leaves, which are harvested in 1/2 clumps of each single clump of bamboo mat) in the area 1/2 on the left side of each standard repair planting unit of bamboo mats; as shown in fig. 3, at the end of 11 months in year 2, all the overground bamboo parts in the 1/2 area on the right side are cut off; as shown in fig. 2, in year 3, all the overground parts of the bamboo in the area 1/2 on the left side of each standard repair planting unit of the bamboo are cut off; as shown in FIG. 3, in year 4, all of the overground bamboo plant parts in the 1/2 area to the right thereof were cut. Repeating the steps for odd even years.
After harvesting the overground bamboo plant, dividing the overground bamboo plant into three parts, namely a stem, a leaf and a bamboo shoot, and respectively measuring the biomass (dry weight) and the Pb content of each part. The biomass is determined by deactivating enzymes at 85 ℃ for 10h until constant weight, calculating the average dry weight of the individual plants, and the Pb content is determined by conventional digestion methods.
After the induction of 2016-2017 by the combination of water, fertilization, plant growth regulators and harvesting, the Pb extraction amount of the ground bamboo in the Pb-polluted soil sample is remarkably improved compared with the traditional maintenance mode adopted in 2015 (as shown in Table 2). The amounts of Pb extracted from the aerial parts of the individual plants and the aerial parts of the organs are shown in tables 3 to 4.
TABLE 22015 years old biomass and Pb extraction amount of aerial parts of single plant of ground bamboo
TABLE 32016 years of Induction technology for treating biomass and Pb extraction amount of aerial parts of single plant of Phyllostachys pubescens
TABLE 42017 Induction technique for treating biomass and Pb extraction amount of aerial parts of single plant of Phyllostachys pubescens
In 2016-2017, due to the adoption of the induction management maintenance technology, the biomass of the overground part of the single-plant ground bamboo and the sum of the average Pb absorption amount (of leaves, stems and bamboo shoots) are improved compared with the traditional cultivation mode, and the specific beneficial performance is shown in tables 5-6.
Table 52016-2017 induction technology treatment lower-lying-area bamboo biomass amplification
The Pb extraction amount of each organ of the downy bamboo treated by the induction technology in the table 62016-2017 is increased
As shown in table 7, the total amount of Pb extracted from the overground part of the bamboos paved in 2015 is: 56917.915, respectively; after the induction technology treatment, the total Pb extraction amount of the overground part of 2016 + bamboo paved in 2017 is as follows: 80164.189, compared with the increase of 40.84% in 2015, the growth rate has obvious beneficial effect.
TABLE 72015, 2016-Ascendens bambusae overground part Pb extraction Total amount in 2017
5. Treating the aboveground part residues and recovering and extracting heavy metals:
after the overground part of the bamboo paved on the ground is harvested, the harvested plants are placed in a dry and ventilated place to be naturally dried (or water-removing is carried out at 85 ℃ until constant weight is obtained) to obtain a plant biomass dry sample, and the plant biomass is intensively treated by a high-temperature burning method. The specific operation is as follows: the method comprises the steps of naturally drying the overground part (or deactivating enzyme at 85 ℃ until constant weight is obtained) to obtain a plant biomass dry sample, crushing the plant biomass dry sample into fine powder by using a crusher, putting the plant powder into a lead incinerator for high-temperature incineration for 8 hours at 1000 ℃, primarily collecting fly ash generated in the process by using a gas condensation purification device in a flue of the smelter, and further recovering the fly ash by connecting a gas chelation purification device filled with 0.05mol/LEDTA solution to the tail end of the collection device (as shown in figure 4). Finally, the obtained plant ash is subjected to element sampling detection, the ash does not contain Pb, but contains mineral elements (Ca, Mg, N, P, K and the like), and the plant ash is applied to farmlands as inorganic mineral fertilizers for reuse. If the plant residual ash is also composed of residual Pb, it is necessary to extend the incineration time.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for inducing ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. selecting a repairing plant, namely selecting a 1-2-year-old bamboo-paved bamboo with strong plants and no obvious diseases;
b. adjusting the pH of the soil, wherein the pH of the soil to be restored needs to be adjusted to be weakly acidic 1 month before the bamboo is planted and paved, and if the soil is slightly acidic, proper hydrated lime can be applied; if the soil is alkaline, gypsum can be applied to improve the soil;
c. constructing a bamboo terrace and a standard repairing planting unit, integrating a repairing sample plot into a plurality of strip-shaped planting belts with the width of 1m, dividing each strip-shaped planting belt into 2 parallel planting ditches with the width of 0.5m, transplanting the ground-paving bamboo, and taking each strip-shaped planting belt with the width of 1m as a standard repairing planting unit of the ground-paving bamboo; in the repairing sample plot, single clusters with crown width of 50cm are sequentially transplanted on the longitudinal central axis of each standard repairing planting unit of the ground bamboo with the width of 1m, the bamboo degree of each single cluster is 80-100, and the single clusters are arranged in a delta shape;
d. after the cultivation, the cultivation is conducted, the maintenance management of Pb extraction of the ground bamboo is induced, the ground bamboo is transplanted in the restored soil, in the growth period of one year, the ground bamboo has 4 obvious different growth stages, the bamboo growing period, the branch drawing and leaf spreading period, the vigorous growth period and the vegetative growth later period are achieved, and the growth condition of the ground bamboo is optimized by combining the application of water management, fertilizer application management and plant growth regulator application management aiming at the different growth stages;
e. harvesting the overground part of the bamboo plant;
f. recovering and extracting heavy metal from the overground part.
2. The method for inducing the ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb according to claim 1, wherein in the step b:
the pH value of the soil to be restored needs to be adjusted to 5.8-6.5.
3. The method for inducing the ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate the soil Pb according to claim 1, wherein the step d comprises a water management method, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
d11, promoting the sprouting of the bamboo shoots, watering enough moisture for the bamboo shoots in the planting ditches in the spring bamboo shoot period of 4 months, and keeping the relative moisture content of soil to be 80-85% of the field moisture capacity to promote the sprouting of the new bamboo shoots;
d12, water-saving removal: in 5-6 months, spring and summer are alternated, sufficient water needs to be poured, and the relative water content of soil is kept between 70% and 75% of the field water capacity, so that the high growth of new bamboos is promoted;
d13, bamboo water: the summer and autumn of 7-10 months is an important growth stage of the ground bamboo, the weather is hot, the relatively large water content of the soil needs to be kept to promote the growth of new bamboo, and the relative water content of the soil is kept between 75% and 80% of the field water capacity;
d14, pregnant bamboo shoot water: proper water can be sprayed in winter of 11-12 months, meanwhile, water for bamboo shoots is watered to promote the bamboo shoots to germinate in the next spring, and the relative water content of soil is kept between 50% and 60% of the field water holding capacity.
4. The method for inducing the ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate the soil Pb according to claim 1, wherein the step d comprises a fertilization management method, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
d21 and 1/2 areas are fertilized with bamboo shoot fertilizers, after the overground part of the bamboo in the area of each standard restoration planting unit 1/2 is harvested in 12 months of the year, organic fertilizers are uniformly applied to the corresponding harvested areas, and stable manure and compost are combined, wherein the weight ratio of the organic fertilizers to the stable manure to the compost is 3: 1: 1, the fertilizer application amount is 5kg/m2；
d22, promoting the bamboo shoot fertilizer in the whole area, applying a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer mainly containing urea in the early 3 months, wherein the dosage is 30g/m2；
d23, growing bamboo fertilizer in the whole area, in the early 6 months, finishing the bamboo shoot laying period, applying fertilizer to promote the growth of new bamboos, applying quick-acting fertilizer mainly containing N fertilizer and matching compound fertilizer, wherein the weight ratio of N, P to K is 3: 2: 1, urea 40g/m2Calcium superphosphate 100g/m215g/m of potassium chloride2The fertilizer is uniformly spread on the soil surface of the bamboo terrace, and watering is needed immediately after the fertilizer is applied.
5. The method for inducing the ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate the soil Pb according to claim 1, wherein the step d comprises a method for applying a plant growth regulator for management, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
d31, irrigating the roots of the ground bamboo in the bamboo terrace with 30-50 mg/L GA3 aqueous solution at the beginning of 3 months, and irrigating 1L of the ground bamboo in each square meter standard repair planting unit to promote the growth of rhizomes and the germination of new bamboo shoots;
d32, and in the beginning of 5 months, performing root irrigation again by using 30-50 mg/L GA3 aqueous solution, and irrigating 1L per square meter of standard repair planting units to promote the leaf expansion of the new bamboo shoots;
d33, and spraying 30-50 mg/L GA3 water solution on the new leaves of overground part of the bamboos to the leaf surface at the beginning of 7 months until the front and back surfaces of the leaves drip, wherein 0.2% of Tween 80 is added when the water solution is prepared.
6. The method for inducing the ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb according to claim 1, wherein the step e comprises the steps of:
after the ground bamboo is grown for a long time in one year, harvesting the overground part of the ground bamboo at the bottom of 11 months in the year in an 1/2 unit alternate harvesting mode: at the end of 11 months in the 1 st year, cutting all overground bamboo part plants in the area 1/2 on the left side of each standard repair planting unit of the bamboo; at the end of 11 months in year 2, all the overground bamboo parts in the 1/2 area to the right are cut.
7. The method for inducing the ground bamboo to absorb and accumulate soil Pb according to claim 1, wherein the step f comprises the steps of:
after harvesting the overground part of the bamboo laid on the ground, putting the harvested plant in a dry and ventilated place for natural air drying or water-removing at 85 ℃ until constant weight is obtained so as to obtain a plant biomass dry sample, crushing the plant biomass dry sample into fine powder by a crusher, putting the fine powder into a lead incinerator for high-temperature incineration at 1000 ℃ for 8 hours, primarily collecting fly ash generated in the process by a gas condensation purification device in a flue of the smelting furnace, and then further recovering the fly ash by connecting a gas chelation purification device filled with 0.05mol/L EDTA solution to the tail end of the collection device.
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| CN110014031A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-16 | 玉溪师范学院 | A kind of actic region plant restoration method |
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| JP2005138065A (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-06-02 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method of cleaning contaminated soil |
| CN1887457A (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2007-01-03 | 云南省环境科学研究院 | Application and method of utilizing enriching plant in repairing lead polluted soil |
| CN100427227C (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-10-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Plant restoration method for lead pollution of soil |
| CL2011000826A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2014-07-04 | Univ Santiago Chile | Method for the recovery of mining substrates with industrial wastes, which includes selecting plant species, carrying out a tolerance test with said plant species, vegetatively reproducing the species, acclimatizing and installing said plant species in the field. |
| CN102423768A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-04-25 | 福建农林大学 | Method for repairing Pb pollution in soil |
| CN103406349B (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 | Hybrid giant napier is utilized to repair the method for acid and heavy metal lead combined contamination soil |
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