CN109030601B - 一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜及其制备方法。本发明先制备脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖的溶胶,然后将脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶与乙酰胆碱酯酶混合,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,待溶胶凝固后即得到酶膜。本发明的有益效果在于:采用本发明制备的酶膜表面平整光滑,机械强度高,柔韧性好,耐酸及有机溶剂。该酶膜用作电位型有机磷农药生物传感器的测试条,具有很好的一致性和稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物传感器技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
传统的电位型有机磷农药生物传感器中,其酶膜的制备方法是采用交联法或共价键合法将生物酶固定在尼龙网上,然后用‘O’形圈将尼龙网固定到pH计的玻璃电极上[乙酰胆碱酯酶在尼龙网上的固定化研究,化学世界,2007,48(12):751-753;乙酰胆碱酯酶生物传感器的研究,农药,2008,47(8):577-579]。这样制备的酶膜不够均匀,且酶膜与电极的贴合度不高,制备出的传感器一致性和重复性差。聚碳酸酯核孔膜是由多孔聚碳酸酯薄膜材料制作而成,适用于高纯度过滤,滤膜透明,表面平整光滑,机械强度高,柔韧性好,且可以耐酸及有机溶剂[核孔膜的特性和应用,物理,1988,17(5):285-289]。未见到聚碳酸酯核孔膜应用于生物传感器中酶膜的制备。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜及其制备方法。该方法制备的酶膜机械性能好,与电极贴合度高,制备的传感器一致性和重复性好,使用寿命长。
本发明提供一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜的制备方法,先制备脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖的溶胶,然后将脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶与乙酰胆碱酯酶混合,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,待溶胶凝固后即得酶膜。具体步骤如下:
(1)称取魔芋精粉于烧杯中,加入40wt%的乙醇,搅拌8~12min,抽滤洗涤若干次,再依次用浓度分别为60wt%、95wt%的乙醇及无水乙醇重复上述步骤,将所得滤饼风干,得到脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖;
(2)称取0.8~1.2g脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖加入到80~120ml浓度为0.8~1.2g/L的Na2CO3溶液中,搅拌,待溶液变为半透明胶状液体,抽真空脱去溶胶中的气泡,得到脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶;
(3)将乙酰胆碱酯酶溶于磷酸缓冲液,再与步骤(2)制得的脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶充分混合;
(4)用微量进样器取2~10μl步骤(3)制得的混合液,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,放入冰箱中4℃冷藏干燥,溶胶凝固后即得酶膜。
本发明中,步骤(3)中,乙酰胆碱酯酶、磷酸缓冲液、脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶和脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶的投料比为(1.5~2)mg:(1.5~2)ml:(2.5~3.5)ml。
本发明还提供一种上述的制备方法制得的电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜。
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
采用本发明制备的酶膜表面平整光滑,机械强度高,柔韧性好,耐酸及有机溶剂。该酶膜用作电位型有机磷农药生物传感器的测试条,具有很好的一致性和稳定性。
附图说明
图1是应用实施例1中农药对传感器电位响应值的抑制率和农药浓度的对数值关系图示。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进一步详细描述,但并不限制本发明。
一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜的制备方法,先制备脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖(简称d-KGM)的溶胶,然后将所述脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶与乙酰胆碱酯酶充分混合,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,待溶胶凝固后,再将膜片固定在pH计的玻璃电极上制备出有机磷农药生物传感器。
实施例1
第一步:脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖的溶胶的配制
1.称取一定量的魔芋精粉于烧杯中,加入40%的乙醇,强力搅拌10min,抽滤洗涤三次,再依次用浓度分别为60%、95%的乙醇及无水乙醇重复上述步骤。将所得滤饼风干,得到脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖;
2.称取0.8g脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖,缓慢加入到100ml的1g/L的Na2CO3溶液中,搅拌,待溶液变为半透明胶状液体,抽真空脱去溶胶中的气泡,得到脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶。
第二步:酶膜的制备
1.将1.8mg乙酰胆碱酯酶溶于1.8ml磷酸缓冲液,再与3ml上述步骤制得的脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶在离心管中充分混合;
2.取2μl上述步骤制得的混合液,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,放入冰箱中4℃冷藏干燥。
实施例2
其它实施条件同实施例1,区别仅在于取5μl脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶与乙酰胆碱酯酶的混合液,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,放入冰箱中4℃冷藏干燥。
实施例3
其它实施条件同实施例1,区别仅在于取10μl脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶与乙酰胆碱酯酶的混合液,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,放入冰箱中4℃冷藏干燥。
应用实施例1
将实施例1制得的酶膜用‘O’形圈固定于pH计的玻璃电极上,即制得有机磷农药生物传感器。
测试条件:温度为37℃,底物(氯化乙酰胆碱溶液)浓度为8×10-3mol·L-1,pH=7.0缓冲溶液中,酶膜在农药中的温育时间为15min。农药对传感器电位响应值的抑制率和农药浓度的对数值关系如图1所示。传感器对有机磷农药敌敌畏的线性响应范围为0.1mg/L至2mg/L,最低检测限为0.05mg/L。
抽取5批次的测试条对同一实际样品进行测试,测试相对标准偏差小于3%。测试条在冰箱中(4℃)下贮存60天,酶活性的下降小于10%,在常温(10~35℃)下贮存7天,酶活性的下降小于10%。
应用实施例2
将实施例2制得的酶膜用‘O’形圈固定于pH计的玻璃电极上,即制得有机磷农药生物传感器。
测试条件:温度为37℃,底物(氯化乙酰胆碱溶液)浓度为8×10-3mol·L-1,pH=7.0缓冲溶液中,酶膜在农药中的温育时间为15min。结果表明:传感器对有机磷农药敌敌畏的线性响应范围为0.3mg/L至1.6mg/L,最低检测限为0.03mg/L。
应用实施例3
将实施例3制得的酶膜用‘O’形圈固定于pH计的玻璃电极上,即制得有机磷农药生物传感器。
测试条件:温度为37℃,底物(氯化乙酰胆碱溶液)浓度为8×10-3mol·L-1,pH=7.0缓冲溶液中,酶膜在农药中的温育时间为15min。结果表明:传感器对有机磷农药敌敌畏的线性响应范围为0.5mg/L至1.2mg/L,最低检测限为0.01mg/L。
Claims (2)
1.一种电位型有机磷农药生物传感器用酶膜的制备方法,其特征在于,先制备脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖的溶胶,然后将脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶与乙酰胆碱酯酶混合,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,待溶胶凝固后即得酶膜;具体步骤如下:
(1)称取魔芋精粉于烧杯中,加入40wt%的乙醇,搅拌8~12min,抽滤洗涤若干次,再依次用浓度分别为60wt%、95wt%的乙醇及无水乙醇重复上述步骤,将所得滤饼风干,得到脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖;
(2)称取0.8~1.2g脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖加入到80~120ml浓度为0.8~1.2g/L的Na2CO3溶液中,搅拌,待溶液变为半透明胶状液体,抽真空脱去溶胶中的气泡,得到脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶;
(3)将乙酰胆碱酯酶溶于磷酸缓冲液,再与步骤(2)制得的脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶充分混合;
(4)用微量进样器取2~10μl步骤(3)制得的混合液,滴涂于聚碳酸酯核孔膜上,放入冰箱中4℃冷藏干燥,溶胶凝固后即得酶膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,乙酰胆碱酯酶、磷酸缓冲液、脱乙酰基魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶的投料比为(1.5~2)mg:(1.5~2)ml:(2.5~3.5)ml。
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