CN109023953A - 一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法，涉及纺织品助剂技术领域。本发明提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂、改性水性聚氨酯、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β‑环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、添加剂、润滑剂、相容剂、白油、氧化聚乙烯蜡。本发明提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂能够很好的提升织物的耐磨性，且提高织物的阻燃性、抗静电性、耐热耐候性、抗氧化性、疏水透气性、柔软滑爽性以及力学性能等，织物表面摩擦系数小，耐磨耗性试验比同类型其他材料高出40％周期，缺口冲击强度大于5KJ/m2，弯曲模量大于1400MPa。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织品助剂技术领域，具体涉及一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
纺织助剂是纺织品生产加工过程中必须的化学品。纺织助剂对提高纺织品的产品质量和附加价值具有不可或缺的重要作用，它不仅能赋予纺织品各种特殊功能和风格，如柔软、防皱、防缩、防水、抗菌、抗静电、阻燃等，还可以改进染整工艺，起到节约能源和降低加工成本的作用。纺织助剂对提升纺织工业的整体水平以及在纺织产业链中的作用是至关重要的。现有的纺织助剂主要有精练剂、染色剂、匀染剂、柔软剂、毛效提升剂、涤纶低温染色载体、代用碱、CT粉、化纤油剂、高效退煮粉、双氧水稳定剂、除硅剂、起泡剂、起毛剂、固色剂等。
但是，常规的纺织助剂往往对于织物的耐磨度提升缺乏作用，即使添加有提升耐磨度的化学成分，其作用效果也不显著、所需剂量较大，不能满足纺织品实际生产的需求。
因此，研制一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂尤为重要。
发明内容
针对现有技术中技术问题，本发明提供一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法。
为实现以上目的，本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂20-32份、改性水性聚氨酯18-26份、硅酮粉3-6份、聚四氟乙烯1-3份、β-环糊精2-5份、纳米二氧化钛3-8份、添加剂0.5-2份、润滑剂0.3-1.6份、相容剂0.5-1.5份、白油2-5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡1-4份。
优选的，所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂23-30份、改性水性聚氨酯20-25份、硅酮粉3.7-5份、聚四氟乙烯1.5-2.6份、β-环糊精3-4份、纳米二氧化钛4-6份、添加剂1-1.6份、润滑剂0.7-1.2份、相容剂0.8-1.2份、白油3-4份、氧化聚乙烯蜡2-3份。
优选的，所述改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为有机硅改性聚丙烯酸脂。
优选的，所述有机硅为含氢硅油、羟基硅油、乙烯基硅油中的一种。
优选的，所述改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯。
优选的，所述润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂。
优选的，所述硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸铝中的一种。
优选的，所述相容剂为极性嵌段丁苯橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶中的一种。
优选的，所述添加剂为芥酸酰胺、油酸酰胺、中等分子量硅酮、单甘脂中的一种。
一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入100-150重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至46-50℃，保持15-20min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至55-65℃，搅拌30-35min后冷却至室温，即可。
本发明提供一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂及其制备方法，与现有技术相比优点在于：
本发明提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂能够很好的提升织物的耐磨性，并且提高织物的阻燃性、抗静电性、耐热耐候性、抗氧化性、疏水透气性、柔软滑爽性以及力学性能等，织物表面摩擦系数小，耐磨耗性试验比同类型其他材料高出40％周期，缺口冲击强度大于5KJ/m2，弯曲模量大于1400MPa；
本发明提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂原料中，改性聚丙烯酸脂采用有机硅改性聚丙烯酸脂，一方面有机硅分子链接枝到聚丙烯酸酯分子链上，使相容性差的聚合物分子之间形成化学键；另一方面，有机硅分子链和聚丙烯酸酯分子链通过机械缠结，起到“强迫互容”的作用，从而明显提高了两相间的相容性以及在一定程度上控制了有机硅分子链的表面迁移和有机硅相的微观形态的形成，而且有机硅改性聚丙烯酸脂可显著提高织物的耐水性、耐候性、抗玷污性、柔软性和弹性等；经过改性的水性聚氨酯可改善织物的柔韧性和手感，织物耐磨性能明显提高，并提高织物的折皱回弹性，同时这种回弹性具有持久的特点；纳米二氧化钛的加入使得织物可获得具有一定防护性能的无机－有机复合涂层，显著提高织物耐磨性，另外，纳米二氧化钛能够在织物表面形成一层Si－O－Si键交错连接的无机－有机功能薄膜，由于薄膜中具有大量氨基、结合水和羟基等，可通过吸收空气中的水汽从而起到逸散电荷效应，达到抗静电目的；添加剂的加入，随着添加剂不断析出到表面，进一步降低织物的表面摩擦系数，进而提高织物耐磨性。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例中，助剂中加入β-环糊精，有利于纺织品后续使得的方便，在纺织品洗涤过程中，表面活性剂由于对纤维的亲和力，会粘附在纺织品的表面，影响纺织品其后续的加工工序，加入一定量的β-环糊精，能够有效地降低表面活性剂在纤维表面的残留量。
实施例1：
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂20份、改性水性聚氨酯18份、硅酮粉3份、聚四氟乙烯1份、β-环糊精2份、纳米二氧化钛3份、添加剂0.5份、润滑剂0.3份、相容剂0.5份、白油2份、氧化聚乙烯蜡1份；
其中，改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为含氢硅油改性聚丙烯酸脂；改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯；润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂，硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸钙；相容剂为极性嵌段丁苯橡胶；添加剂为芥酸酰胺；
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入100重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至46℃，保持15min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至55℃，搅拌30min后冷却至室温，即可。
实施例2：
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂32份、改性水性聚氨酯26份、硅酮粉6份、聚四氟乙烯3份、β-环糊精5份、纳米二氧化钛8份、添加剂2份、润滑剂1.6份、相容剂1.5份、白油5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡4份；
其中，改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为羟基硅油改性聚丙烯酸脂；改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯；润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂，硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸铝；相容剂为三元乙丙橡胶；添加剂为油酸酰胺；
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入150重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至50℃，保持20min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至65℃，搅拌35min后冷却至室温，即可。
实施例3：
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂26份、改性水性聚氨酯22份、硅酮粉4.5份、聚四氟乙烯2份、β-环糊精3.5份、纳米二氧化钛5.5份、添加剂1.2份、润滑剂1份、相容剂1份、白油3.5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡2.5份；
其中，改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为有机硅乙烯基硅油改性聚丙烯酸脂；改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯；润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂，硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸钙；相容剂为三元乙丙橡胶；添加剂为油酸酰胺；
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入125重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至48℃，保持18min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至60℃，搅拌33min后冷却至室温，即可。
实施例4：
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂23份、改性水性聚氨酯20份、硅酮粉3.7份、聚四氟乙烯1.5份、β-环糊精3份、纳米二氧化钛4份、添加剂1份、润滑剂0.7份、相容剂0.8份、白油3份、氧化聚乙烯蜡2份；
其中，改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为有机硅含氢硅油改性聚丙烯酸脂；改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯；润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂，硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸铝；相容剂为极性嵌段丁苯橡胶；添加剂为单甘脂；
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入120重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至47℃，保持16min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至58℃，搅拌34min后冷却至室温，即可。
实施例5：
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂30份、改性水性聚氨酯25份、硅酮粉5份、聚四氟乙烯2.6份、β-环糊精4份、纳米二氧化钛6份、添加剂1.6份、润滑剂1.2份、相容剂1.2份、白油4份、氧化聚乙烯蜡3份；
其中，改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为有机硅羟基硅油改性聚丙烯酸脂；改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯；润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂，硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸钙；相容剂为三元乙丙橡胶；添加剂为油酸酰胺；
本实施例提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入140重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至49℃，保持18min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至62℃，搅拌31min后冷却至室温，即可。
对比例：
对比例中的纺织品助剂为市场上的。
将实施例1-5制得的纺织助剂和对比例中的纺织品助剂应用于纺织物后，通过标准体系对纺织物的耐磨性能，对表面摩擦系数(玻璃面上的摩擦系数)、耐磨耗程度进行检测，其中耐磨耗程度采用GB/T15-92检测方法，采用同等磨耗下所需要的摩擦周期进行评价。同时通过垂直燃烧测试其阻燃性，以及拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、悬臂梁缺口冲击强度等力学性能进行性能测试，测试结果如表1所示。
表1不通样品性能测试结果
从表1可看出，本发明提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂能够很好的提升织物的耐磨性、柔软滑爽性以及力学性能等，织物表面摩擦系数小，耐磨耗性试验比同类型其他材料高出40％周期，缺口冲击强度大于5KJ/m2，弯曲模量大于1400MPa。
需要说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于，所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂20-32份、改性水性聚氨酯18-26份、硅酮粉3-6份、聚四氟乙烯1-3份、β-环糊精2-5份、纳米二氧化钛3-8份、添加剂0.5-2份、润滑剂0.3-1.6份、相容剂0.5-1.5份、白油2-5份、氧化聚乙烯蜡1-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于，所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂由以下重量份的原料制成：改性聚丙烯酸脂23-30份、改性水性聚氨酯20-25份、硅酮粉3.7-5份、聚四氟乙烯1.5-2.6份、β-环糊精3-4份、纳米二氧化钛4-6份、添加剂1-1.6份、润滑剂0.7-1.2份、相容剂0.8-1.2份、白油3-4份、氧化聚乙烯蜡2-3份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于：所述改性聚丙烯酸脂乳液为有机硅改性聚丙烯酸脂。
4.根据权利要求3所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于：所述有机硅为含氢硅油、羟基硅油、乙烯基硅油中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于，所述改性水性聚氨酯的改性方法为：向10重量份的水性聚氨酯中加入0.5重量份的偶氮二异丁腈、3重量份的二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵，控制温度为75℃反应5h，蒸出溶剂，得到改性水性聚氨酯。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于：所述润滑剂为硬脂酸类润滑剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于：所述硬脂酸类润滑剂为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸铝中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于：所述相容剂为极性嵌段丁苯橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶中的一种。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂，其特征在于：所述添加剂为芥酸酰胺、油酸酰胺、中等分子量硅酮、单甘脂中的一种。
10.一种如权利要求1-9任一所述提高纺织品耐磨性的纺织品助剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照重量份称取各个原料；
S2、将改性聚丙烯酸脂、硅酮粉、聚四氟乙烯、β-环糊精、纳米二氧化钛、白油、润滑剂加入100-150重量份的去离子水中，边搅拌边加热至46-50℃，保持15-20min后加入添加剂、相容剂、改性水性聚氨酯、氧化聚乙烯蜡，继续边搅拌边升温至55-65℃，搅拌30-35min后冷却至室温，即可。
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